CN103217708B - Obtain the method for the complete single cable list focus earthquake section of marine many cables streamer seismic collection - Google Patents
Obtain the method for the complete single cable list focus earthquake section of marine many cables streamer seismic collection Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention is the method obtaining the complete single cable list focus earthquake section of marine many cables streamer seismic collection.Acquiring seismic data and navigation positioning data, the geological data in every bar course line and navigation positioning data are merged on a new line in work area, each line in whole work area adopts unified true origin and bin grid, geological data is given by navigation positioning data, the laggard line speed analysis of conventional pre-service, utilizes the speed data obtained to carry out the three-dimensional projection to two dimension superposition and obtains the complete single cable list focus earthquake section of marine seismic acquisition.The present invention can reflect the quality of the geological data of particular cable and looks and the impact by environment better, the total data received in particular cable course line can be reflected more comprehensively continuously, the seismic event stack velocity obtained more has the use value for follow-up seismic processing, decrease the workload in process and artificial link in addition, improve efficiency and reliability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to offshore seismic exploration technology, specifically a kind of method obtaining the complete single cable list focus earthquake section of marine many cables streamer seismic collection.
Background technology
Marine cable-towing exploration earthquake data acquisition, excited by the air gun of survey vessel traction, received by the wave detector be built in the cable of survey vessel traction, by shipboard instrument record, carried out the seismic prospecting data collecting mode of location in real time by the positioning equipment be configured on cable system, Seismic Source System and survey vessel.Seismic data process for quality control also carries out on survey vessel.One of feature is that wave detector moves together with focus, and the data of every big gun is all receive with identical wave detector, identical a set of positioning system location, and therefore many quality problems are all corresponding to determining cable and sustainable existence.So, be widely used in the superposition seismic section of wall scroll cable acquisition quality control procedure in industry.The relativeness of focus, wave detector and cable as shown in Figure 1.
At present, marine streamer earthquake-capturing all use list cable list focus seismic section implement seismic data collecting quality control.The way making in the industry single cable list source stacked section in three-dimensional towing cable collection process is as follows:
A selected cable and a focus, select out the geological data of selected epicenter excitation, selected cable reception.The one-dimensional coordinate of shot point and geophone station interim selected initial point relative to is calculated according to the design relativeness between the geophone station of design and the geometry relativeness of focus and each shot point.And calculate the coordinate of source-inspection central point.
Conventional pre-service is carried out to geological data, then carries out the velocity analysis of two dimension based on the data chosen, utilize the speed that velocity analysis obtains, normal moveout correction is carried out to data.
Common midpoint stack is carried out according to calculating the source-inspection center point coordinate obtained, the time series data longitudinal arrangement of each common midpoint after superposition, the data of different common midpoint are transversely arranged, carry out display and draw, just obtain the two-dimentional stacked section of the locator data based on vacation in selected single cable list source.According to this section, intuitive analysis can lack the data disappearance that big gun causes, cable fault on the impact of data, the impact effect of noise, the overall accordance of data, and carry out the discovery of multiple fortuitous event.
Above-mentioned single cable two dimensional cross-section is all obtain by the method for the false recording geometry of definition name, is the two dimensional cross-section based on false localization information.These sections do not reflect the true navigation data in gatherer process, do not have the effect to navigation data monitoring, in addition due to fict locator data, have impact on the reliability of section to the quality state reaction of geological data and cable yet.Meanwhile, the speed data extracted also does not have true coordinate, and use value is limited.Because definition recording geometry and true navigation data there are differences, superposition precision can not get the guarantee of true locator data, the correctness of navigation data cannot be checked and be verified, not real (the full work area unified representation) spatial positional information of the speed data produced in overlap-add procedure step.Work for the treatment of amount is large, and easily produce error, the automaticity for the treatment of scheme is lower.
Integrated navigation technology utilizes GPS, acoustic measurement network, compass equipment, then obtain the information such as shot point, geophone station position in real time according to measuring principle, dynamics and statistical treatment and carry out the technology of post-processed.
Integrated navigation technology is the indispensable technology of routine of marine streamer earthquake-capturing.Navigation data is absolutely necessary content in the achievement data of streamer seismic collection, and achievement process must utilize.Company's integrated navigation technology such as ION have achieved closely real-time navigation data process, can be used for seism processing navigation data can almost with geological data synchronization gain.But, in the quality control stage of geological data, the making of single cable list source stacked section does not utilize navigation data, this is because after utilizing navigation data, as shown in Figure 2, actual central point can depart from out from the common midpoint of design and scatter, the central point distribution of single cable will be formed as Fig. 3 form, the any stacked section extracted according to known technology all can not comprise all data of a cable, and vacancy appears in section.
Goal of the invention
The object of the invention be to provide a kind of can reflect the geological data of particular cable given source better quality and looks and the impact by environment, or the total data that the given source received in particular cable course line excites can be reflected more comprehensively continuously, and the method for the complete single cable list focus earthquake section of the marine many cables streamer seismic collection of acquisition of the correctness of navigation data can be reflected.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is realized by following technical step:
1) to excite in a conventional manner and acquiring seismic data, gather navigation positioning data simultaneously.
2) be merged on a new line in work area by the geological data in the every bar course line gathered and navigation positioning data, each line in whole work area adopts unified true origin and bin grid.
3) geological data is given by navigation positioning data;
4) conventional pre-service is carried out to geological data;
5) velocity analysis is carried out by the one in following two kinds of modes;
(1) adopt velocity analysis line to be the conventional three-dimensional velocity analysis of straight line or curved line, velocity analysis clicks and is selected as at equal intervals or unequal interval;
Step 5) described in the highest and the most uniform longitudinal straight line of velocity analysis line options degree of covering in course line, or the longitudinal straight line that the covering matching of the data in selection and the cable that will check and source is best, or choose the curved line that favourable velocity analysis point controls, utilize the total data of each cable in course line to carry out.
(2) geological data adopting the wave detector on selected epicenter excitation, selected cable to receive, longitudinal center's point wire size that velocity analysis position is put with transversely center dotted line direction projection on any longitudinal center dotted line and transverse center point wire size represent, the arbitrary longitudinal center dotted line selected be called velocity analysis projection line; On each velocity analysis position, by the transverse projection geological data composition channel set on this position of its central points all to projection line, form corresponding velocity spectrum and carry out velocity analysis;
Step 5) described in transverse center dotted line determined by physical location, longitudinal center's dotted line gets centre in longitudinal center's dotted line of covering or closest to middle one, actual coordinate and center period are also corresponding with it.
Step 5) described in the speed data structure that obtains of two kinds of velocity analysiss identical.
6) utilize the speed data obtained to carry out the three-dimensional projection to two dimension superposition, obtain the complete single cable list focus earthquake section of marine many cables streamer seismic collection.
Step 6) described in three-dimensional to two dimension projection superposition step be:
(1) epicenter excitation selected by sorting, the geological data that the wave detector on selected cable accepts;
(2) process such as conventional denoising and energy compensating are carried out to the data sub-elected;
(3) by step 5) in the speed that obtains normal moveout correction is carried out to geological data, speed data and seismic data mate and interpolation routinely D seismic data processing method carry out;
(4) the longitudinal center's point wire size in all seismic traces is set to identical value, the longitudinal center's dotted line corresponding to title is projection longitudinal center dotted line;
(5) seismic trace minute identical for transverse center point wire size is selected as identical one group as, seismic trace belonging to central point in each group is superposed, the transverse center point wire size in superposition road gets this wire size participating in superposition, and the road of superposition gained is placed on the respective transversal central point line position on projection longitudinal center dotted line by its transverse center point wire size position;
(6) data in each superposition road are corresponded to transverse center dotted line, arrange in same plane at equal intervals perpendicular to projection longitudinal center dotted line in chronological order, the data of 0 time on the same line.Data are expressed as the visual patterns such as waveform, gray scale or color, just to define in the exploration of many cables complete single cable list focus earthquake section of the single focus of a certain single cable of selecting.
The present invention can obtain the complete single cable section based on actual navigation data, meets the total data received on a course line based on true navigation data and single cable simultaneously, is continuous print and automatic tracing strip deformation and discrete average two dimensional surface display section.
The present invention can reflect the quality of the geological data of particular cable and looks and the impact by environment better, or can reflect the total data received in particular cable course line more comprehensively continuously, and can reflect the correctness of navigation data.The seismic event stack velocity obtained more has the use value for follow-up seismic processing, decreases the workload in process and artificial link in addition, improves efficiency and reliability.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that marine streamer gathers focus, cable and wave detector relative position schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the common midpoint schematic diagram of actual central point off-design;
Fig. 3 is the projection superposition schematic diagram in the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
The specific embodiment of the invention is as follows:
1) to excite in a conventional manner and acquiring seismic data, gather navigation positioning data simultaneously.
The recording geometry gathered as shown in Figure 1.
Focus, cable and on wave detector, pulled by survey vessel and advance to direction of earthquake source simultaneously, interval and the relative position of all focus and wave detector remain unchanged, and this requirement has been striven for by the work of the equipment such as extender and aquatic bird.Two focus alternately excite, and each epicenter excitation is all accepted by all wave detectors.
2) be merged on a new line in work area by the geological data in the every bar course line gathered and navigation positioning data, each line in whole work area adopts unified true origin and bin grid.
3) geological data is given by navigation positioning data storehouse;
4) conventional pre-service is carried out to geological data;
5) velocity analysis is carried out by the one in following two kinds of modes;
(1) employing velocity analysis line is the conventional three-dimensional velocity analysis of straight line or curved line, velocity analysis clicks and to be selected as at equal intervals or unequal interval, the highest and the most uniform longitudinal straight line of velocity analysis line options degree of covering in course line, or the longitudinal straight line that the covering matching of the data in selection and the cable that will check and source is best, or choose the curved line that favourable velocity analysis point controls, utilize the total data of each cable in course line to carry out.
In the ideal case, selected epicenter excitation, all seismic trace source-inspection central points of accepting of the wave detector on selected cable overlap into a series of common midpoint by certain number of times with returning rule, these common midpoints equidistantly prolong the straight line being parallel to cable and arrange.Be easy to make common midpoint stack section according to known conventional art like this.
But in actual circumstances, focus and cable will swing in water, central point is made to depart from common midpoint position in design as shown in Figure 2.In order to obtain actual center position, navigation data is utilized to calculate real center position, with each given grid scope for permissible error carries out the superposition of common midpoint seismic trace.Because central point distributes as shown in Figure 3, make extracted any center dotted line all can not comprise all central points, corresponding stacked section is not the superposition of selected all geological datas, and section also there will be interrupted phenomenon, so utilize following projection stacking method to carry out velocity analysis.
(2) geological data adopting the wave detector on selected epicenter excitation, selected cable to receive, longitudinal center's point wire size that velocity analysis position is put with transversely center dotted line direction projection on any longitudinal center dotted line and transverse center point wire size represent, the arbitrary longitudinal center dotted line selected be called velocity analysis projection line; On each velocity analysis position, by the transverse projection geological data composition channel set on this position of its central points all to projection line, form corresponding velocity spectrum and carry out velocity analysis.
Identical with the speed data structure that conventional three-dimensional velocity analysis obtains in the speed data structure that described velocity analysis obtains, wherein transverse center dotted line is determined by physical location, longitudinal center's dotted line gets the centre in longitudinal center's dotted line of covering or closest to middle one, actual coordinate and center period are also corresponding with it.
6) utilize the speed data obtained to carry out the three-dimensional projection to two dimension superposition, obtain the complete single cable list focus earthquake section of marine many cables streamer seismic collection.
Described three-dimensional to the projection superposition of two dimension is:
(1) epicenter excitation selected by sorting, the geological data that the wave detector on selected cable accepts;
(2) process such as conventional denoising and energy compensating are carried out to the data sub-elected;
(3) by step 5) in the speed that obtains normal moveout correction is carried out to geological data, speed data and seismic data mate and interpolation routinely D seismic data processing method carry out;
(4) the longitudinal center's point wire size in all seismic traces is set to identical value, the longitudinal center's dotted line corresponding to title is projection longitudinal center dotted line; Through this process, be equivalent to all central points as accompanying drawing 3 projects on projection longitudinal center dotted line.
(5) seismic trace minute identical for transverse center point wire size is selected as identical one group as, seismic trace belonging to central point in each group is superposed, the transverse center point wire size in superposition road gets this wire size participating in superposition, and the road of superposition gained is transversely placed on the respective transversal central point line position on projection longitudinal center dotted line in central point wire size position by it;
(6) data in each superposition road are corresponded to transverse center dotted line, arrange in same plane at equal intervals perpendicular to projection longitudinal center dotted line in chronological order, the data of 0 time on the same line.Data are expressed as the visual patterns such as waveform, gray scale or color, just to define in the exploration of many cables complete single cable list focus earthquake section of the single focus of a certain single cable of selecting.
Claims (4)
1. obtain a method for the complete single cable list focus earthquake section of marine many cables streamer seismic collection, feature is realized by following technical step:
1) to excite in a conventional manner and acquiring seismic data, gather navigation positioning data simultaneously;
2) be merged on a new line in work area by the geological data in the every bar course line gathered and navigation positioning data, each line in whole work area adopts unified true origin and bin grid;
3) geological data is given by navigation positioning data;
4) conventional pre-service is carried out to geological data;
5) velocity analysis is carried out by the one in following two kinds of modes;
(1) adopt velocity analysis line to be the conventional three-dimensional velocity analysis of straight line or curved line, velocity analysis clicks and is selected as at equal intervals or unequal interval;
(2) geological data adopting the wave detector on selected epicenter excitation, selected cable to receive, longitudinal center's point wire size that velocity analysis position is put with transversely center dotted line direction projection on any longitudinal center dotted line and transverse center point wire size represent, the arbitrary longitudinal center dotted line selected be called velocity analysis projection line; On each velocity analysis position, by the transverse projection geological data composition channel set on this position of its central points all to projection line, form corresponding velocity spectrum and carry out velocity analysis;
6) utilize the speed data obtained to carry out the three-dimensional projection to two dimension superposition, obtain the complete single cable list focus earthquake section of marine many cables streamer seismic collection;
Described three-dimensional to the projection superposition step of two dimension is:
(1) epicenter excitation selected by sorting, the geological data that the wave detector on selected cable receives;
(2) conventional denoising and energy compensating process are carried out to the data sub-elected;
(3) by step 5) in the speed that obtains normal moveout correction is carried out to geological data, speed data and seismic data mate and interpolation routinely D seismic data processing method carry out;
(4) the longitudinal center's point wire size in all seismic traces is set to identical value, the longitudinal center's dotted line corresponding to title is projection longitudinal center dotted line;
(5) seismic trace minute identical for transverse center point wire size is selected as identical one group as, seismic trace belonging to central point in each group is superposed, the transverse center point wire size in superposition road gets this wire size participating in superposition, and the road of superposition gained is placed on the respective transversal central point line position on projection longitudinal center dotted line by its transverse center point wire size position;
(6) data in each superposition road are corresponded to transverse center dotted line, arrange in same plane at equal intervals perpendicular to projection longitudinal center dotted line in chronological order, the data of 0 time on the same line; Data are expressed as waveform, gray scale or color visual pattern, just to define in the exploration of many cables complete single cable list focus earthquake section of the single focus of a certain single cable of selecting.
2. method according to claim 1, feature is step 5) transverse center dotted line determined by physical location, longitudinal center's dotted line gets the centre in longitudinal center's dotted line of covering or closest to middle one, actual coordinate and center period are also corresponding with it.
3. method according to claim 1, feature is step 5) the highest and the most uniform longitudinal straight line of velocity analysis line options degree of covering in course line, or the longitudinal straight line that the covering matching of the data in selection and the cable that will check and source is best, or choose the curved line that favourable velocity analysis point controls, utilize the total data of each cable in course line to carry out.
4. method according to claim 1, feature is step 5) the speed data structure that obtains of two kinds of velocity analysiss identical.
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| CN106873027B (en) * | 2017-02-07 | 2019-01-04 | 国家海洋局第一海洋研究所 | A kind of double focus wide-azimuths sea 3-D seismics detection method |
| CN111830564B (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2023-06-30 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method and device for identifying faults |
| CN113865538A (en) * | 2021-08-17 | 2021-12-31 | 广州海洋地质调查局 | Method and system for online measurement and control management of state of marine three-dimensional seismic cable |
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| 天然气水合物准三维地震调查导航定位技术;张明，等;《海洋地质与第四纪地质》;20081231;第28卷(第6期);第101-106页 * |
| 船载勘探系统拖缆定位技术进展;杨剑，等;《第十二届中国海岸工程学术讨论会论文集》;20051001;第617-619页 * |
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