CN107010935A - 一种耐热防裂瓷碗及其生产工艺 - Google Patents

一种耐热防裂瓷碗及其生产工艺 Download PDF

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CN107010935A
CN107010935A CN201710349574.3A CN201710349574A CN107010935A CN 107010935 A CN107010935 A CN 107010935A CN 201710349574 A CN201710349574 A CN 201710349574A CN 107010935 A CN107010935 A CN 107010935A
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china bowl
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裴仕林
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Anhui Blue And White Fang Ci Industry Limited-Liability Co
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种耐热防裂瓷碗及其生产工艺，该瓷碗由如下重量份原料制成：纳米二氧化硅21‑25份、甲苯二异氰酸酯1‑5份、聚丁二醇2‑6份、苯酚1‑4份、苯胺2‑5份、发泡剂0.5‑2份、坡缕石粉3‑7份、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵1‑4份、二氧化铈0.5‑1份、锆钛酸钡0.1‑1份、海泡石粉1‑6份、水适量；本发明所制瓷碗耐热性好，具有优良的防裂性能，强度高，实用性强，值得推广。

Description

一种耐热防裂瓷碗及其生产工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及餐具技术领域，具体涉及一种耐热防裂瓷碗及其生产工艺。
背景技术
瓷碗轻薄通透，光泽亮丽，油污粘在上面，只需要用开水冲洗就可以洗净，避免了清洁剂的残留，适用于微波炉加热，不会产生有害物质，有利于人类健康。
在中国公开的专利申请CN104671756A中针对获得一种多色陶瓷及其制备工艺，采用二氧化硅、贝壳、海泥、氧化铜等材料为原料，制得的瓷碗表面光滑，强度好，不易摔破，制品质感好。在中国公开的专利申请CN104150774A中针对获得一种强度好的玻璃陶瓷碗及制备工艺，采用二氧化硅、纳米碳化硅、三氧化铝、玻璃纤维等材料为原料，制得的产品表面光滑，强度好，能耗低，无毒害物质残留。
目前现有技术所制瓷碗虽然外表光滑、强度好、不易摔破等优点，但所制瓷碗耐热性能差、高温易破裂、强度差、耐冷热效果差。
发明内容
针对上述存在的问题，本发明提出了一种耐热防裂瓷碗。本发明所制瓷碗弥补了瓷碗高温易破裂、耐冷热性能差、强度差等缺陷。
为了实现上述的目的，本发明采用以下的技术方案：
一种耐热防裂瓷碗，由如下重量份数原料制成：纳米二氧化硅21-25份、甲苯二异氰酸酯1-5份、聚丁二醇2-6份、苯酚1-4份、苯胺2-5份、发泡剂0.5-2份、坡缕石粉3-7份、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵1-4份、二氧化铈0.5-1份、锆钛酸钡0.1-1份、海泡石粉1-6份、水适量。
优选的，该瓷碗，由如下重量份数原料制成：纳米二氧化硅22-25份、甲苯二异氰酸酯2-5份、聚丁二醇3-6份、苯酚2-4份、苯胺3-5份、发泡剂0.6-2份、坡缕石粉4-7份、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵2-4份、二氧化铈0.6-1份、锆钛酸钡0.2-1份、海泡石粉2-6份、水适量。
优选的，该瓷碗，制备方法包括如下几个步骤：
(1)将甲苯二异氰酸酯和聚丁二醇在100℃条件下真空脱水1h，再加入发泡剂，在90℃条件下搅拌均匀，反应1h，最后降温至30℃，加入苯酚，乳化得水性聚氨酯；
(2)向所得水性聚氨酯中加入纳米二氧化硅，超声分散20min；
(3)将坡缕石粉放入容器内，加入十六烷基三甲基溴化铵和三倍于坡缕石粉质量的水，在70℃的条件下机械搅拌12h，经过多次抽滤、洗涤至无Br-为止，然后置于70℃下真空干燥12h，得改性坡缕石；
(4)将(2)所得物料和改性坡缕石、二氧化铈、锆钛酸钡、苯胺放入尼龙球磨罐中混合均匀，连续球磨一段时间，送入50℃的烘干机中烘干；
(5)将烘干后的物料和剩余物料进行熔化，混合均匀后得母液；
(6)将母液送入成型机中成型，制成不同规格的瓷碗，随后在800-900℃施釉釉烧，最后自然降温至500℃硬化后用输送机将瓷碗送入退火窑内退火1h，得耐热防裂瓷碗。
优选的，步骤(3)中机械搅拌速度为150r/min。
优选的，步骤(4)中球磨时间为3h。
优选的，步骤(6)中成型机的成型温度为1000℃。
采用上述的技术方案，本发明的有益效果是：加入纳米二氧化硅的水性聚氨酯，分散性能高，具有良好的耐水耐溶剂性，耐热性能也有所提升，用于制作瓷碗，提高了瓷碗的耐热性能；经过十六烷基三甲基溴化铵改性的坡缕石粉，空间结构更加稳定，能够吸收发泡剂在发泡过程中产生的气体，防止瓷碗制备中气体含量过高造成裂纹缺陷，提高了瓷碗质量；二氧化铈与锆钛酸钡发生置换反应，产生大量的氧空位，对瓷碗制备的致密化过程有较大的促进作用，提高了瓷碗的强度性能；在制备瓷碗过程中，以纳米二氧化硅代替纳米三氧化二铝，可以使陶瓷更加致密，强度和抗冷热疲劳等性能大幅提高。
具体实施方式交平
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。基于本发明的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1：
一种耐热防裂瓷碗，由如下重量份数原料制成：纳米二氧化硅21份、甲苯二异氰酸酯1份、聚丁二醇2份、苯酚1份、苯胺2份、发泡剂0.5份、坡缕石粉3份、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵1份、二氧化铈0.5份、锆钛酸钡0.1份、海泡石粉1份、水适量。
一种耐热防裂瓷碗，其制备方法包括如下几个步骤：
(1)将甲苯二异氰酸酯和聚丁二醇在100℃条件下真空脱水1h，再加入发泡剂，在90℃条件下搅拌均匀，反应1h，最后降温至30℃，加入苯酚，乳化得水性聚氨酯；
(2)向所得水性聚氨酯中加入纳米二氧化硅，超声分散20min；
(3)将坡缕石粉放入容器内，加入十六烷基三甲基溴化铵和三倍于坡缕石粉质量的水，在70℃的条件下以200r/min的速度机械搅拌12h，经过多次抽滤、洗涤至无Br-为止，然后置于70℃下真空干燥12h，得改性坡缕石；
(4)将(2)所得物料和改性坡缕石、二氧化铈、锆钛酸钡、苯胺放入尼龙球磨罐中混合均匀，连续球磨1h后，送入50℃的烘干机中烘干；
(5)将烘干后的物料和剩余物料进行熔化，混合均匀后得母液；
(6)将母液送入1000℃的成型机中成型，制成不同规格的瓷碗，随后在800-900℃施釉釉烧，最后自然降温至500℃硬化后用输送机将瓷碗送入退火窑内退火1h，得耐热防裂瓷碗。
实施例2：
一种耐热防裂瓷碗，由如下重量份数原料制成：纳米二氧化硅25份、甲苯二异氰酸酯5份、聚丁二醇6份、苯酚4份、苯胺5份、发泡剂2份、坡缕石粉7份、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵4份、二氧化铈1份、锆钛酸钡1份、海泡石粉6份、水适量。
一种耐热防裂瓷碗，其制备方法包括如下几个步骤：
(1)将甲苯二异氰酸酯和聚丁二醇在100℃条件下真空脱水1h，再加入发泡剂，在90℃条件下搅拌均匀，反应1h，最后降温至30℃，加入苯酚，乳化得水性聚氨酯；
(2)将聚氯乙烯和聚酯纤维用机器打碎，然后放入浆料中，将浆料加热至190℃，以150r/min的速度机械搅拌1h，得混合浆料；
(3)将坡缕石粉放入容器内，加入十六烷基三甲基溴化铵和三倍于坡缕石粉质量的水，在70℃的条件下以200r/min的速度机械搅拌12h，经过多次抽滤、洗涤至无Br-为止，然后置于70℃下真空干燥12h，得改性坡缕石；
(4)将(2)所得物料和改性坡缕石、二氧化铈、锆钛酸钡、苯胺放入尼龙球磨罐中混合均匀，连续球磨1h后，送入50℃的烘干机中烘干；
(5)将烘干后的物料和剩余物料进行熔化，混合均匀后得母液；
(6)将母液送入1000℃的成型机中成型，制成不同规格的瓷碗，随后在800-900℃施釉釉烧，最后自然降温至500℃硬化后用输送机将瓷碗送入退火窑内退火1h，得耐热防裂瓷碗。
实施例3：
一种耐热防裂瓷碗，由如下重量份数原料制成：纳米二氧化硅22份、甲苯二异氰酸酯2份、聚丁二醇3份、苯酚2份、苯胺3份、发泡剂0.6份、坡缕石粉4份、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵2份、二氧化铈0.6份、锆钛酸钡0.2份、海泡石粉2份、水适量。
一种耐热防裂瓷碗，其制备方法包括如下几个步骤：
(1)将甲苯二异氰酸酯和聚丁二醇在100℃条件下真空脱水1h，再加入发泡剂，在90℃条件下搅拌均匀，反应1h，最后降温至30℃，加入苯酚，乳化得水性聚氨酯；
(2)向所得水性聚氨酯中加入纳米二氧化硅，超声分散20min；
(3)将坡缕石粉放入容器内，加入十六烷基三甲基溴化铵和三倍于坡缕石粉质量的水，在70℃的条件下以200r/min的速度机械搅拌12h，经过多次抽滤、洗涤至无Br-为止，然后置于70℃下真空干燥12h，得改性坡缕石；
(4)将(2)所得物料和改性坡缕石、二氧化铈、锆钛酸钡、苯胺放入尼龙球磨罐中混合均匀，连续球磨1h后，送入50℃的烘干机中烘干；
(5)将烘干后的物料和剩余物料进行熔化，混合均匀后得母液；
(6)将母液送入1000℃的成型机中成型，制成不同规格的瓷碗，随后在800-900℃施釉釉烧，最后自然降温至500℃硬化后用输送机将瓷碗送入退火窑内退火1h，得耐热防裂瓷碗。
实施例4：
一种耐热防裂瓷碗，由如下重量份数原料制成：纳米二氧化硅23份、甲苯二异氰酸酯3份、聚丁二醇4份、苯酚3份、苯胺4份、发泡剂0.7份、坡缕石粉5份、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵3份、二氧化铈0.7份、锆钛酸钡0.3份、海泡石粉3份、水适量。
一种耐热防裂瓷碗，其制备方法包括如下几个步骤：
(1)将甲苯二异氰酸酯和聚丁二醇在100℃条件下真空脱水1h，再加入发泡剂，在90℃条件下搅拌均匀，反应1h，最后降温至30℃，加入苯酚，乳化得水性聚氨酯；
(2)向所得水性聚氨酯中加入纳米二氧化硅，超声分散20min；
(3)将坡缕石粉放入容器内，加入十六烷基三甲基溴化铵和三倍于坡缕石粉质量的水，在70℃的条件下以200r/min的速度机械搅拌12h，经过多次抽滤、洗涤至无Br-为止，然后置于70℃下真空干燥12h，得改性坡缕石；
(4)将(2)所得物料和改性坡缕石、二氧化铈、锆钛酸钡、苯胺放入尼龙球磨罐中混合均匀，连续球磨1h后，送入50℃的烘干机中烘干；
(5)将烘干后的物料和剩余物料进行熔化，混合均匀后得母液；
(6)将母液送入1000℃的成型机中成型，制成不同规格的瓷碗，随后在800-900℃施釉釉烧，最后自然降温至500℃硬化后用输送机将瓷碗送入退火窑内退火1h，得耐热防裂瓷碗。
实施例5：
一种耐热防裂瓷碗，由如下重量份数原料制成：废旧棉织品33份、棉纱边角料18份、聚氯乙烯8份、三乙醇胺7份、丁烯二酸酐5份、催化剂4份、三氮唑6份、棉酚4份、涤纶14份、纳米二氧化钛5份、聚酯纤维4份、水适量。
一种耐热防裂瓷碗，其制备方法包括如下几个步骤：
(1)将甲苯二异氰酸酯和聚丁二醇在100℃条件下真空脱水1h，再加入发泡剂，在90℃条件下搅拌均匀，反应1h，最后降温至30℃，加入苯酚，乳化得水性聚氨酯；
(2)向所得水性聚氨酯中加入纳米二氧化硅，超声分散20min；
(3)将坡缕石粉放入容器内，加入十六烷基三甲基溴化铵和三倍于坡缕石粉质量的水，在70℃的条件下以200r/min的速度机械搅拌12h，经过多次抽滤、洗涤至无Br-为止，然后置于70℃下真空干燥12h，得改性坡缕石；
(4)将(2)所得物料和改性坡缕石、二氧化铈、锆钛酸钡、苯胺放入尼龙球磨罐中混合均匀，连续球磨1h后，送入50℃的烘干机中烘干；
(5)将烘干后的物料和剩余物料进行熔化，混合均匀后得母液；
(6)将母液送入1000℃的成型机中成型，制成不同规格的瓷碗，随后在800-900℃施釉釉烧，最后自然降温至500℃硬化后用输送机将瓷碗送入退火窑内退火1h，得耐热防裂瓷碗。
将本发明实施例中的瓷碗与市场中的产品做性能测试，其测试结果如下：
最高承受温度/℃ 最大冲击强度/(J/cm2) 平均冲击能/J
实施例1 1240 2.24 0.21
实施例2 1260 2.25 0.23
实施例3 1220 2.21 0.19
实施例4 1230 2.19 0.22
实施例5 1250 2.23 0.20
对照例1 1180 1.42 0.12
对照例2 1170 1.39 0.13
由上表可以看出该瓷碗与市场中常见的瓷碗相比，本产品具有良好的耐高温性能，最大承受冲击强度比市场中常见的瓷碗强。
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明型的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明型进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明型各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (6)

1.一种耐热防裂瓷碗，其特征在于，由如下重量份数原料制成：纳米二氧化硅21-25份、甲苯二异氰酸酯1-5份、聚丁二醇2-6份、苯酚1-4份、苯胺2-5份、发泡剂0.5-2份、坡缕石粉3-7份、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵1-4份、二氧化铈0.5-1份、锆钛酸钡0.1-1份、海泡石粉1-6份、水适量。
2.根据权利要求1所述的耐热防裂瓷碗，其特征在于，由如下重量份数原料制成：纳米二氧化硅22-25份、甲苯二异氰酸酯2-5份、聚丁二醇3-6份、苯酚2-4份、苯胺3-5份、发泡剂0.6-2份、坡缕石粉4-7份、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵2-4份、二氧化铈0.6-1份、锆钛酸钡0.2-1份、海泡石粉2-6份、水适量。
3.根据权利要求1所述的耐热防裂瓷碗，其特征在于，生产工艺包括如下几个步骤：
(1)将甲苯二异氰酸酯和聚丁二醇在100℃条件下真空脱水1h，再加入发泡剂，在90℃条件下搅拌均匀，反应1h，最后降温至30℃，加入苯酚，乳化得水性聚氨酯；
(2)向所得水性聚氨酯中加入纳米二氧化硅，超声分散20min；
(3)将坡缕石粉放入容器内，加入十六烷基三甲基溴化铵和三倍于坡缕石粉质量的水，在70℃的条件下机械搅拌12h，经过多次抽滤、洗涤至无Br-为止，然后置于70℃下真空干燥12h，得改性坡缕石；
(4)将(2)所得物料和改性坡缕石、二氧化铈、锆钛酸钡、苯胺放入尼龙球磨罐中混合均匀，连续球磨一段时间，送入50℃的烘干机中烘干；
(5)将烘干后的物料和剩余物料进行熔化，混合均匀后得母液；
(6)将母液送入成型机中成型，制成不同规格的瓷碗，随后在800-900℃施釉釉烧，最后自然降温至500℃硬化后用输送机将瓷碗送入退火窑内退火1h，得耐热防裂瓷碗。
4.根据权利要求3所述的耐热防裂瓷碗的生产工艺，其特征在于，所述步骤(3)中机械搅拌速度为200r/min。
5.根据权利要求3所述的耐热防裂瓷碗的生产工艺，其特征在于，所述步骤(4)中球磨时间为3h。
6.根据权利要求3所述的耐热防裂瓷碗的生产工艺，其特征在于，所述步骤(6)成型机的成型温度为1000℃。
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