CN107008872A - Grain refiner for ferritic stainless steel continuous casting and preparation method thereof and application method - Google Patents
Grain refiner for ferritic stainless steel continuous casting and preparation method thereof and application method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107008872A CN107008872A CN201710137152.XA CN201710137152A CN107008872A CN 107008872 A CN107008872 A CN 107008872A CN 201710137152 A CN201710137152 A CN 201710137152A CN 107008872 A CN107008872 A CN 107008872A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/108—Feeding additives, powders, or the like
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0006—Adding metallic additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
- C22C33/0264—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements the maximum content of each alloying element not exceeding 5%
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
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- Materials Engineering (AREA)
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- Continuous Casting (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of grain refiner for ferritic stainless steel continuous casting, its raw material composition and percentage by weight are：TiC powder 0.01~0.05%, pure Fe powder 99.99~99.95%；1 μm of the particle diameter ＜ of TiC powder, the density of particle diameter particle of TiC powder in 10~20 μm, the grain refiner of the pure Fe powder is more than 20000/mm3.Its preparation method comprises the following steps：(1) abrasive material：Bulky grain TiC made from carbothermic method is placed in planetary mills and ground, average grain diameter is ground to less than 1 μm, obtains micron-sized TiC powder；(2) mix：Obtained micron order TiC powder and particle diameter are weighed respectively in 10~20 μm of pure Fe powder according to raw material weight percentage, is placed in ball mill and is well mixed；(3) hip moulding：The mixed powder obtained after step (2) is mixed carries out hip moulding.In ferritic stainless steel continuous casting, by adding the grain refiner of the present invention, ferrite stainless steel continuous casting billet column crystal ratio is greatly reduced, and proportion of equiaxed grain is improved to more than 70%, and grain refining effect is notable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metal material grain refinement technology field, more particularly relate to a kind of ferritic stainless steel that is used for and connect
The grain refiner and its preparation and application of casting.
Background technology
Stainless steel refers to the general name with steel alloys of corrosiveness such as resistance air, acid, alkali and salt.Because specific to it
Rustless property, corrosion resistance, heat resistance, low-temperature flexibility, bio-neutral, chemical compatibility, dicoration, processing and manufacturing property, long lifespan, can
Many advantages, such as recovery, the every field of industry, agricultural, national defence and people's daily life, its demand have been widely used in it
Amount also increases year by year, and national stainless steel output has reached 22,000,000 tons within 2015.According to alloying element and the difference of microscopic structure
It can be divided into：Ferritic stainless steel, austenitic stainless steel, martensitic stain less steel and two phase stainless steel.Wherein ferritic stainless steel is made
For a kind of steel grade using chromium as main alloy element, with the formability having containing nickel and stainless steel, economy, corrosion resistance, anti-
The performances such as oxidisability, with distinguishing features such as low, the anticorrosion stress-resistant excellent performances of cost, are referred to as economical stainless steel, application
Have a extensive future.With the development of the social economy, the development of people's stainless steel proposes higher requirement, except " stainless ", " warp
Ji " outside, also requires that it has excellent mechanics and mechanical performance.
Ferritic stainless steel is substantially Fe-Cr or Fe-Cr-Mo alloys, this kind of alloy column crystal ratio in process of setting
It is more flourishing, segregation is easily caused, fold usually occurs in surface during following process, and then influences surrender and the tension of steel
The development of control column crystal is wished in the mechanical properties such as intensity, therefore production, segregation is reduced, it is to avoid the appearance of fold.Fine grain is strong
Intensity can be improved while the schedule of reinforcement for not damaging toughness again is widely used in stainless steel production, by thin as a kind of by changing
Change crystal grain, proportion of equiaxed grain, reduction or elimination column crystal can be improved, segregation is effectively reduced, steel are improved and integrate mechanical property
Energy.The method of current crystal grain thinning mainly has：1st, method for quick cooling；2nd, mechanical-physical refinement method；3rd, microalloying refinement iron element
Body crystal grain；4th, fining agent is added.Wherein method for quick cooling is the more commonly used when producing simple small articles or pulverulent product, to big
The production of type heavv section casting is difficult to realize, and this method is not easy to operate, and human factor and contingency are larger；Mechanical-physical is thin
Change method complex operation, consumption is big, easily mixes impurity, and thinning effect is unstable；Microalloy method have to steel structure refinement compared with
Big limitation, will often combine certain heat processing technique and carry out integrating refinement, can just obtain preferable effect, thus production
Cost is higher, while adding carrying capacity of environment；The method of addition fining agent can add during smelting into metal bath
Refinement agent promotes a point homogeneous nucleation, thick as-cast structure is become tiny equiax crystal, improves proportion of equiaxed grain, realizes
Crystal grain refinement.What Chinese patent CN1396960A was announced《The crystal fining method of steel, the grain refining alloy of steel and production are brilliant
The method of grain refining alloy》, Chinese patent announce CN101407866A announce《The Fe-Ti-N grain refiners and its system of steel
Preparation Method》, Chinese patent announce CN101649411A announce《Fe-X-C grain refiners and preparation method thereof》, Chinese patent
What the CN 102134637A of announcement were announced《The crystal fining method of high temperature steel alloy large forgings》And Chinese patent CN
What 102234706A was announced《Nuclear reactor evaporator method for refining grains of heavy forging steel》It is by adding crystal grain into molten steel
The method crystal grain thinning of fining agent, but it is to be directed to cast member.Generally used in present iron and steel enterprise producing stainless steel process
Conticaster is produced, at present grain refiner and adding method not specifically designed for continuous casting process, the addition crystal grain made
Fining agent method is not applied well on continuous casting billet.
The content of the invention
Grain refiner and addition used in stainless steel continuous casting production technology are not directed to also the present invention be directed to prior art
The deficiency of method, it is therefore intended that a kind of grain refiner and its preparation and user for ferritic stainless steel continuous casting is provided
Method, for ferritic stainless steel continuous casting process.
To achieve the above object, the invention provides a kind of grain refiner for ferritic stainless steel continuous casting, it is former
Material composition and percentage by weight are：TiC powder 0.01~0.05%, remaining is the Fe powder that content is more than 99.95%；The TiC powder
1 μm of particle diameter ＜, the particle diameter of the Fe powder is that the grain density of TiC powder in 10~20 μm, the grain refiner is more than 20000
Individual/mm3。
Present invention also offers the preparation method of the above-mentioned grain refiner for ferritic stainless steel continuous casting, the crystal grain
The preparation method of fining agent comprises the following steps：
(1) abrasive material：Bulky grain TiC made from carbothermic method is placed in planetary mills and ground, average grain diameter is ground to small
In 1 μm, micron-sized TiC powder is obtained；
(2) mix：By obtained micron order TiC powder and particle diameter in 10~20 μm of Fe powder according to TiC powder and the weight of Fe powder
Amount percentage is weighed respectively, is placed in ball mill and is well mixed；
(3) hip moulding：The mixed powder obtained after step (2) is mixed carries out hip moulding, is used for
The grain refiner of ferritic stainless steel continuous casting.
Further, in the step (2), incorporation time is 30~50min.
Further, in the step (3), its hip moulding temperature is 1200 DEG C~1300 DEG C, and pressure is more than
15MPa。
Present invention also offers the application method of the above-mentioned grain refiner for ferritic stainless steel continuous casting, its user
Method is that the grain refiner is added in molten steel in continuous casting production process tundish station.
The features of the present invention is also resided in, and the addition of grain refiner adds 100~500g crystal grain refinement for steel per ton
Agent, molten steel overheat is 10~15 DEG C during addition, and addition manner is throwing.
Relative to prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：
The present invention is not directed to grain refiner and addition side used in stainless steel continuous casting production technology also for prior art
The present situation of method there is provided a kind of grain refiner and its preparation and application for ferritic stainless steel continuous casting, preparation
Grain refiner can be used dedicated for ferritic stainless steel continuous casting process, be used in ferritic stainless steel continuous casting
When, by adding the grain refiner of the present invention, ferrite stainless steel continuous casting billet column crystal ratio is greatly reduced, proportion of equiaxed grain
Improve to more than 70%, grain refining effect is notable.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the metallographic comparison diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 1, (a) addition TiC (b) blank.
Fig. 2 is the different content TiC of the embodiment of the present invention 1 ferritic stainless steel microstructure, (a) 0.01% (b)
0.02% (c) 0.03% (d) 0.05%.
Fig. 3 is the electron-microscope scanning figure of the embodiment of the present invention 3, wherein (a) Al2O3-SiO2- MnO field trashes (b) MgO field trashes
(c)SiO2Field trash (d) TiC field trashes.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation is described, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is every other that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made
Embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Grain refiner provided in an embodiment of the present invention for ferritic stainless steel continuous casting, its raw material composition and weight hundred
Point ratio is：TiC powder 0.01~0.05%, Fe powder 99.99~99.95%, Fe powder is purchased for laboratory；
1 μm of the particle diameter ＜ of TiC powder, the particle diameter of Fe powder is at 10~20 μm, and the density of the particle of TiC powder is big in grain refiner
In 20000/mm3。
The preparation method of grain refiner provided in an embodiment of the present invention for ferritic stainless steel continuous casting, is specifically included
Following steps：
(1) abrasive material：Bulky grain TiC made from carbothermic method is placed in planetary mills and ground, average grain diameter is ground to small
In 1 μm, micron-sized TiC powder is obtained；
Carbothermic method：With TiO2Be raw material with carbon black, be added to after high-energy ball milling in the tube furnace of argon air-flow protection plus
Heat is incubated 1h to 1259 DEG C~1500 DEG C.Product obtains grain size about 80nm near-stoichiometric TiC powder.
Grinding：The rotational velocity 425r/min of ball mill, Ball-milling Time 25min.
Planetary mills model：QMSB-4 type planetary high-energy ball mills
(2) mix：By obtained micron order TiC powder and particle diameter in 10~20 μm of Fe powder according to raw material weight percentage score
Do not weighed, be placed in ball mill and be well mixed, with the extension of time, the content of small particle powder gradually increases, still
The trend of increase gradually slows down, it is observed that during 30min and 50min size distribution experiment difference very little, in fining agent
Meso-position radius increase over time and reduce, reach minimum in 30min, extension over time no longer reduces；
(3) hip moulding：The mixed powder obtained after step (2) is mixed carries out hip moulding.
In embodiments of the present invention, in step (2), incorporation time is 30~50min.
In embodiments of the present invention, in step (3), hip moulding temperature is 1200 DEG C, pressure 15MPa, heat etc.
The hydrostatic profile time is 30~50min.It can be found that hip temperature is constant preferably mixing effect in this temperature range
Really, and with pressure rise, TiC grain densities gradually increase, when pressure is more than 15MPa, TiC particles in grain refiner
Density is more than 20000/mm3。
The application method of grain refiner provided in an embodiment of the present invention for ferritic stainless steel continuous casting is, will be made
The standby grain refiner for ferritic stainless steel continuous casting is added in molten steel in continuous casting production process tundish station.
In embodiments of the present invention, the addition of grain refiner is steel 100g~500g per ton, and molten steel is overheated during addition
Spend for 10~15 DEG C, addition manner is throwing.
Embodiment 1
Influence of the grain refiner to 430L ferritic stainless steel microstructures
As shown in figure 1, from metallographic structure it can be found that during TiC can significantly improve structure of steel as grain refiner
Equiaxed zone ratio, little crystal grain increasing number, when TiC contents are 0.03%, thinning effect is optimal, when TiC contents continue to increase
When, thinning effect does not change substantially.
As can be known from Fig. 2, the quantity of acicular ferrite increases with the increase of TiC contents, and size constantly reduces, when
Optimum state is presented in TiC contents when reaching 0.03%, acicular ferrite is tiny, intensive, shows to split the state of crystal grain, plays
The effect of crystal grain thinning.When TiC additions reach 0.05%, the change of ferrite pattern and quantity is not obvious, substantially with
It is close when 0.03%.
Embodiment 2
Influence of the grain refiner to 430L ferritic stainless steel grain sizes
Grain refiner is thrown to molten steel in continuous casting production, its addition is steel 300g per ton, and comparative example is not throw
The 430L Steel Melt for Continuous Casting for the grain refiner thrown.To smelt the as cast condition steel sample that completes cut, roughly ground, fine grinding, after polishing, corruption
Lose crystal boundary.Corrosive liquid is electrolysed from 10% oxalic acid solution, corrosion potentials 5V, 40~60s of etching time.
Fig. 1 (a), Fig. 1 (b) are steel sample using TiC as grain refiner and without grain refiner steel sample respectively
In typical metallograph.Observed, utilized using Carl Zeiss metallographic microscopes《The average crystalline substance of GBT6394-2002 metals
Granulometry》In resection, obtain the grain size of sample under heterogeneity and content, be shown in Table 1.
The grain size rating result of the steel sample of table 1
From metallographic structure and grain size grading table it can be found that TiC can play crystal grain refinement as grain refiner
Effect, 2.4 grades when grain size number is from without fining agent bring up to 3.3 grades.
Embodiment 3
Analyze adding the field trash in the steel after TiC, field trash is carried out to the sample after polishing with ESEM
The observation of pattern.
As shown in Fig. 3 (a), (b), (c), (d), except being mingled with the presence of more than in using TiC as the steel of grain refiner
, also there is TiC particles in beyond the region of objective existence, be shaped as irregular quadrilateral, and size is about 6 μm.
Main inclusions are Al in 430L stainless steels containing TiC2O3-SiO2- MnO, while also there are some magnesia earthenwares
The MgO that crucible is introduced.Contain SiO2Alumino-silicate it is compound be mingled be shaped as circle, size is typically at 4~5 μm or so.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of grain refiner for ferritic stainless steel continuous casting, it is characterised in that its raw material is constituted and percentage by weight
For：TiC powder 0.01~0.05%, remaining is the Fe powder that content is more than 99.95%；The particle diameter of the TiC powder<1 μm, the Fe powder
Particle diameter be 10~20 μm, the grain density of TiC powder is more than 20000/mm in the grain refiner3。
2. the preparation method of the grain refiner for ferritic stainless steel continuous casting described in claim 1, it is characterised in that bag
Include following steps：
(1) abrasive material：Bulky grain TiC powder made from carbothermic method is placed in planetary mills and ground, average grain diameter is ground to less than 1
μm, obtain micron-sized TiC powder；
(2) mix：Obtained micron order TiC powder and particle diameter are claimed respectively in 10~20 μm of Fe powder according to percentage by weight
Take, be placed in ball mill and be well mixed；
(3) hip moulding：The mixed powder obtained after step (2) is mixed carries out hip moulding, obtains being used for iron element
The grain refiner of body stainless steel continuous casting.
3. the preparation method of the grain refiner according to claim 2 for ferritic stainless steel continuous casting, its feature exists
In in the step (2), incorporation time is 30~50min.
4. the preparation method of the grain refiner for ferritic stainless steel continuous casting according to Claims 2 or 3, its feature
It is, its hip moulding temperature is 1200 DEG C~1300 DEG C, and pressure is more than 15MPa.
5. the application method of the grain refiner for ferritic stainless steel continuous casting described in claim 1, it is characterised in that
The grain refiner is added in molten steel by continuous casting production process tundish station.
6. application method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the addition of grain refiner adds for steel per ton
100~500g grain refiner, molten steel overheat is 10~15 DEG C during addition, and addition manner is throwing.
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Cited By (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108642241A (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2018-10-12 | 东北大学 | A kind of ferritic stainless steel grain refiner, preparation method and application |
| CN112853040A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-28 | 东北大学 | 440C stainless bearing steel grain refiner and preparation method thereof |
| CN112853039A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-28 | 东北大学 | Novel bearing steel self-uniform grain refiner and preparation method thereof |
| CN114029591A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2022-02-11 | 材谷金带(佛山)金属复合材料有限公司 | Active flux suitable for ferrite stainless steel tungsten electrode argon arc welding base metal self-melting welding process |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108642241A (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2018-10-12 | 东北大学 | A kind of ferritic stainless steel grain refiner, preparation method and application |
| CN112853040A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-28 | 东北大学 | 440C stainless bearing steel grain refiner and preparation method thereof |
| CN112853039A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-28 | 东北大学 | Novel bearing steel self-uniform grain refiner and preparation method thereof |
| CN112853040B (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-05-27 | 东北大学 | 440C stainless bearing steel grain refiner and preparation method thereof |
| CN112853039B (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-05-27 | 东北大学 | Bearing steel self-uniform grain refiner and preparation method thereof |
| CN114029591A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2022-02-11 | 材谷金带(佛山)金属复合材料有限公司 | Active flux suitable for ferrite stainless steel tungsten electrode argon arc welding base metal self-melting welding process |
| CN114029591B (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2023-03-14 | 材谷金带(佛山)金属复合材料有限公司 | Active flux suitable for ferrite stainless steel tungsten electrode argon arc welding base metal self-melting welding process |
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