CN101121993A - Method for producing high abrasion-proof austenitic manganese steel hammer - Google Patents
Method for producing high abrasion-proof austenitic manganese steel hammer Download PDFInfo
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- CN101121993A CN101121993A CNA2007101523340A CN200710152334A CN101121993A CN 101121993 A CN101121993 A CN 101121993A CN A2007101523340 A CNA2007101523340 A CN A2007101523340A CN 200710152334 A CN200710152334 A CN 200710152334A CN 101121993 A CN101121993 A CN 101121993A
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Abstract
A method of manufacturing a highly wear resistant manganese steel hammer belongs to the method of manufacturing a hammer material. The conditions for selecting the components of the material are as follows: carbon is regarded as base and the weight percent is 1.2 to 1.5, Mn/C ratio: 4.5 to 5.5, Cr/C ratio: 1.0 to 1.5, Si is not more than 0.5percent, P is not more than 0.05percent; a smelting treatment technology mixes the rare earth, titanium and boron into a composite modifier by first using 0.20percent ferromanganese iron, and then 0.20percent Si-Ca to conduct preliminary deoxidation; and then the alloy components are adjusted; conduct refining by blowing argon from the bottom of a steel ladle to the liquid steel in the ladle; the grains are further refined with the dispersion strengthened hot treatment method, and have high dispersion treatment to the carbide and make the carbide evenly spread on the austenite matrix in grains. The manufacturing method of the invention is scientific and reasonable, and the hammer manufactured by the invention has high wear resistant performance and long service life.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of production method of hammer head material, specifically a kind of tup production method of high-wear resistance manganese steel difficult to understand.
Background technology:
Existing mine hammer for breaking head all adopts the common process of conventional steel iron material to produce, and in recent years, with the development of national mining metallurgical engineering, the foundry goods yearly consumptions such as tup that are used for all kinds of ores, grog, fuel crushing, grinding have reached few hundred thousand tonnes of.Because such material wear-resistant performance is poor, cause the work-ing life of tup short, strengthened production cost, this impels people to begin more to pay attention to carry out actively useful exploration on the material of production high-quality high-wear resistance tup and production technique, in the hope of developing the high-wear resistance tup.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is at existing tup shortly work-ing life, wear resisting property is bad, and a kind of tup of firm wear-resisting, the long service life made from the production method of high-wear resistance manganese steel difficult to understand is provided.
Realize the foregoing invention purpose, by the following technical solutions:
A kind of production method that is used for high abrasion-proof austenitic manganese steel hammer, it comprises, and material composition is selected, metallurgical treatment process and thermal treatment process,
The selected condition of material composition is: be base with carbon, the weight percentage of carbon is 1.2-1.5, and Mn/C (manganese, carbon) is than being: 4.5-5.5; Cr/C is (than being: 1.0-1.5; Si ≯ 0.5%; P ≯ 0.05%;
Metallurgical treatment process:
A, alterant: to the material processing of going bad, the component content of described Re-Ti-B compound modifier is with rare earth Re-Titanium Ti-boron (yttrium Y-Ti-B) compound modifier:
Re (W％) 0.20～025
Tii (W％) 0.05～0.10
B (W％) 0.002～0.003
B, modification process:
Earlier with 0.20% ferromanganese, carry out pre-deoxidation with 0.20% Si-Ca again;
C. alloying constituent adjustment
Tapping temperature 1500 ℃～1550 behind W (Al) 0.15%～0.20% final deoxygenation, pours W (Si-Ca) 0.04%～0.06% with stream during tapping; Ferrotianium is positioned in the bag, treats that the molten steel amount of pouring reaches at 1/3 o'clock Re (or Y) is dropped into processing in the bag, carry out Argon subsequently and handle, 1440 ℃～1480 ℃ of teeming temperatures, molten steel required watered in 5～7 minutes;
D. refining
In molten steel blowing argon gas refining in bag at the bottom of the ladle bag; Pour when molten steel finishes in the bag, connect the Argon device immediately, the gas permeable brick of argon gas by the bag end is blown into that molten steel forms a large amount of bubbles in the bag, stops Argon about 1 minute, and molten steel leaves standstill cast after 3-4 minute, by Argon, makes molten steel purifying;
Thermal treatment process
Make the further refinement of crystal grain with the dispersion-strengthened heat-treating methods, carbide is carried out the highly dispersed processing it is uniformly distributed on the austenitic matrix in pelletized form.
Adopt technique scheme, the present invention takes all factors into consideration material composition design criteria, metallurgical treatment technology and the heat treatment technics trinity, and they are complemented each other on R﹠D process and final effect, each other effect; When realizing obviously improving the tup tissue, its mechanical property and use properties are promoted comprehensively.Production method of the present invention is scientific and reasonable, with the tup wear resisting property height that the present invention produces, long service life.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is dispersion-strengthened thermal treatment process figure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a point metallograph of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the b point metallograph of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the c point metallograph of Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is the d point metallograph of Fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is the e point metallograph of Fig. 1.
Fig. 7 is the f point metallograph of Fig. 1.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
The present invention includes that material composition is selected, metallurgical treatment process and thermal treatment process three parts.Their production method and principle:
Material composition is selected: the material of selecting for use is base with carbon, and the weight percentage of carbon is 1.2-1.5, and the Mn/C ratio is: 4.5-5.5; The Cr/C ratio is: 1.0-1.5; Si ≯ 0.5%; P ≯ 0.05%;
Establishing the Mn/C ratio is: 4.5-5.5 is the prerequisite of producing the design of high-wear resistance austenitic manganese steel hammer composition;
The Cr/C ratio is: 1.0-1.5; Si ≯ 0.5%; P ≯ 0.05%th produced the sufficient condition that high-wear resistance austenitic manganese steel hammer composition designs.
Its principle is:
Carbon has material impact to manganese steel tissue difficult to understand.Under the constant situation of other elements, different carbon content will form different weave constructions.Carbon content has very remarkable influence to mechanical property and wear resisting property in the manganese steel difficult to understand.
At the force analysis combined carbon element that tup is carried out under the working conditions influence proposition carbon content (W%) of its material mechanical performance is advisable with 1.2-1.5; Manganese has certain influence to the work hardening capacity and the preliminary work hardening rate of manganese steel difficult to understand.Evidence will obtain single austenite structure to the manganese of the material adding about 5.5% of carbon content 1.2%-1.5%; and this austenite preliminary work hardening rate under less shock stress condition is bigger; work hardening capacity is stronger, usually can produce the martensite that brings out of high rigidity.
Strongization of high-quality is tough high-wear resistance manganese steel material difficult to understand from:
(1) carbon is to the solution strengthening of matrix;
(2) can produce the martensite that brings out of high rigidity in the abrasive wear process;
(3) carbide is distributed in the matrix with the highly dispersed shape;
(4) produce high-density twinning dislocation.
Therefore establishing the Mn/C ratio is: 4.5-5.5 is the prerequisite of producing the design of high-wear resistance austenitic manganese steel hammer composition;
Chromium is alloying element comparatively commonly used in the manganese alloyization difficult to understand.Add small additions of chromium, not only can improve the hardening capacity of steel, and chromium can also form a certain amount of Cr-C cluster and play the second-phase dispersion strengthening effect with a certain amount of Mn-C cluster under the tempering attitude, can improve the wear resistance, hardness of manganese steel difficult to understand etc.
The chromium solid solution can improve the yield strength of steel behind austenite, but chromium joins that carbide increases in the as-cast structure of manganese steel difficult to understand, causes unit elongation to descend to some extent.Chromium content increase in the manganese steel difficult to understand under the normal temperature, impelling strength reduces.Add people's trace chromium in manganese steel difficult to understand after, both improved work hardening speed, and increased case depth and upper layer hardness, the work hardening ability of manganese steel difficult to understand and wear resistance are increased, impelling strength reduces few.
Austenitic manganese steel hammer is established the Cr/C ratio is: 1.0-1.5 is one of sufficient condition of producing the design of high-wear resistance austenitic manganese steel hammer composition;
Silicon and a-Fe complete miscibility are also sealed the γ phase region.Reduce the solid solution capacity of carbon in the austenite, silicon does not form carbide in steel, but is present in the austenite with the form of sosoloid, and it reduces the toughness and the plasticity of steel to a certain extent, and this mainly is that silicon can promote phosphide to separate out.
Si ≯ 0.5% is as the production control index in view of the above;
Phosphorus is very deleterious element in manganese steel difficult to understand, and its solubleness in molten steel is extremely low, and often appears on the crystal boundary with the phosphide film, makes foundry goods be easy to crack, and when particularly carbon content is high, has more aggravated this hazardness of phosphorus.
Studies show that: the phenomenon that manganese steel part difficult to understand is had the greatest impact work-ing life is hot tearing; The factor that has the greatest impact is a chemical ingredients; What degree of influence was the strongest is the content of chemical element phosphorus.
By whether cracking the power that forms with crackle at its specimen surface behind the solidification of molten steel of different phosphate content, the state criterion of manganese steel phosphorus content difficult to understand to the normal influence in work-ing life of material set up in test: (%)
P≤0.04 safety
0.06 〉=P 〉=0.04 Jie's safety
0.08 〉=P 〉=0.06 is critical
P 〉=0.08 danger
P 〉=0.08 danger
As seen, P ≯ 0.05% also is one of sufficient condition of producing the design of high-wear resistance austenitic manganese steel hammer composition;
In sum, the Cr/C ratio is: 1.0-1.5; Si ≯ 0.5%; P ≯ 0.05%th produced the sufficient condition that high-wear resistance austenitic manganese steel hammer composition designs.
Metallurgical treatment process:
A, alterant:
To the material processing of going bad, the component content of described Re-Ti-B compound modifier is with rare earth Re-titanium Ti-boron (Y-Ti-B) compound modifier:
Re (W％) 0.20～0.25
Ti (W％) 0.05～0.10
B (W％) 0.002～0.003
B, modification process:
Earlier with 0.20% ferromanganese, carry out pre-deoxidation with 0.20% Si-Ca again, comply with following order adding again: ferromanganese → (nitrogenize ferromanganese) → alloying constituent adjustment
Alloying constituent is adjusted:
1500 ℃～1550 ℃ of tapping temperatures.Behind W (Al) 0.15%～0.20% final deoxygenation, pour W (Si-Ca) 0.04%～0.06% with stream during tapping; Ferrotianium is positioned in the bag, treats that the molten steel amount of pouring reaches at 1/3 o'clock Re (or Y) is dropped into processing in the bag.Carrying out Argon subsequently handles.1420 ℃～1470 ℃ of teeming temperatures.Molten steel required watered in 5～7 minutes.
Its principle is:
Rare earth can make surface tension reduce as surface active element, and the bound energy of the bound energy of itself and it and other elements is all little.By Principles of Metallography as can be known, reduced the needed merit of nucleus that forms critical size, crystallization nuclei has been increased, thereby make manganese steel structure refinement difficult to understand; Because the exhibiting high surface active element in the rare earth alloy can be enriched in the surface of newborn carbide, the coarsening rate according to qualifications of carbide is hindered, carbide is difficult to connect into closed level and becomes the suspension shape.
Because rare earth alterative is adsorbed on the inclusion surface as surface active element, most of under certain thermodynamics, dynamic conditions serves as that base is assembled come-up with former inclusion, form gradually the very useful deoxidation of purification of molten steel, desulfurization, effect such as degas, a part forms dystectic rare earth complex sulfide, oxide compound and oxysulfide and exists in molten steel.Because rare earth distributes become tiny rounding, disperse of inclusion, has weakened the deleterious effect of inclusion to steel, has improved its mechanical property, particularly impelling strength.
Titanium mainly is to add with the form of ferrotianium.Ti avidity with O, N, C in steel is strong more than Nb, V, can form stable carbide TiC, nitride TiN, oxide compound TiO
2Formed carbide particle disperse distributes, and stops the diffusion of iron ion consumingly, reduces rate of oxidation.Carbide TiC is stable (face-centred cubic structure hardness 2988) very, and fusing point very high (3140 ℃) can be used as crystallization nuclei, plays the crystal grain thinning effect, studies confirm that now, and this grain fineness number can refinement 1-2 level.
Cut at HI high impact cutter that low titanium content (0.06～0.15%) is suitable under the type abrasive wear condition, and in, the low cutter that impacts cuts under the condition of type abrasive wear, the effect of high titanium content (0.4%) is relatively good.
Working conditions of the present invention is to cut under the type abrasive wear condition at the HI high impact cutter, and therefore selecting for use than working conditions of the present invention is to cut under the type abrasive wear condition at the HI high impact cutter, therefore selects low titanium content (0.06～0.15%) for use.
Boron is the very active element of chemical property, and the oxygen in energy and the steel, nitrogen because it is a surface active element, often are enriched in the austenite grain boundary place in conjunction with forming stable non-metallic inclusion, play the crystal grain thinning effect.This refining effect is relevant with the content of boron, when content less than 0.005% the time, thinning effect is apparent in view, makes grain coarsening when content is too much on the contrary.
C. refining
Employing at the bottom of the ladle bag to the bag in the molten steel blowing argon gas carry out refining, technology is simple, effect is obvious.
When finishing to pour molten steel in the bag, can connect the Argon device, argon gas is blown into the interior molten steel of bag by the gas permeable brick that wraps the end and produces a large amount of bubbles.Stop Argon through about 1min, molten steel is poured into a mould after leaving standstill 3-4min.By Argon, make molten steel purifying.
D. thermal treatment process
Workpiece is heated to～900 ℃, has realized the pre-spheroidizing of carbide after the insulation; From～900 ℃ cool to～600 ℃ begun austenite to pearlitic transformation, insulation back carbide is constantly separated out and further granulating; Treat that A → P changes end, be warming up to 1040 ℃ from～600 ℃ again and begun the recrystallizations of organizing, make crystal grain obtain further refinement, make the complete granulating of carbide.
Adopt the thermal treatment of novel manganese steel carbide dispersion-strengthened difficult to understand, its mill back hardness is obviously improved, have very high wear resisting property.
Adopt dispersion-strengthened thermal treatment to make the further refinement of crystal grain, carbide is the particulate state highly dispersed and is distributed on the matrix.
Referring to accompanying drawing 1-7, metallograph by each point as can be seen, the obvious refinement of manganese steel crystal grain difficult to understand, the granular carbide highly dispersed, the nonmetal inclusion amount is few and be tiny quarter butt or particulate state and distribute, though hardness improves few before the mill, but because the obvious raising of its preliminary work hardening rate and work hardening capacity, hardness increases greatly behind its mill, austenitic manganese steel hammer is when being used for HI high impact, all kinds of mineral aggregates of medium hardness broken like this, prolonged more than 2 times its work-ing life, obtained satisfied research and development effect.Austenitic manganese steel hammer and the contrast of high mangaenese steel tup mechanical property are as shown in Table 1.
Table one manganese steel difficult to understand and the contrast of high mangaenese steel mechanical property
| Material | Treated state | δ b(MPa) | α k(J/cm 2) | Mill back hardness (Hv) | Relative wearing coefficient β |
| Manganese steel difficult to understand | After the processing | 986 | 112 | 693 | 2.68 |
| Before the processing | 713 | 43 | 468 | 1.43 | |
| High mangaenese steel | After water is tough | 796 | 180 | 386 | 1 |
Claims (1)
1. the production method of a high abrasion-proof austenitic manganese steel hammer, this method comprise that material composition is selected, metallurgical treatment process and thermal treatment process, it is characterized in that,
(1) the selected condition of material composition is: be base with carbon, the weight percentage of carbon is 1.2-1.5, and the Mn/C ratio is: 4.5-5.5; The Cr/C ratio is: 1.0-1.5; Si ≯ 0.5%; P ≯ 0.05%;
(2) metallurgical treatment process:
A, alterant: with rare earth, titanium, boron mixing manufacture compound modifier, the weight percent content of each composition of described compound modifier is:
Rare earth 0.20～0.25
Titanium 0.05～0.10
Boron 0.002～0.003
B, modification process:
Earlier with 0.20% ferromanganese, carry out pre-deoxidation with 0.20% Si-Ca again;
C, alloying constituent adjustment
1500～1550 ℃ of tapping temperatures, be the aluminium final deoxygenation of W (Al) 0.15%～0.20% with weight percent after, pouring weight percent with stream during tapping is W (Si-Ca) silico-calcium 0.04%～0.06%; Ferrotianium is positioned in the bag, treats that the molten steel amount of pouring reaches at 1/3 o'clock and will handle in the rare earth input bag, carry out Argon subsequently and handle, 1420 ℃～1470 ℃ of teeming temperatures, molten steel required watered in 5～7 minutes;
D, refining
In molten steel blowing argon gas refining in bag at the bottom of the ladle bag; When finishing to pour in the bag molten steel, connect the Argon device immediately, argon gas is blown into molten steel in the bag by the gas permeable brick at the bag end, stops Argon about 1 minute, and molten steel leaves standstill cast after 3-4 minute, by Argon, makes molten steel purifying;
(3) thermal treatment process
Make the further refinement of crystal grain with the dispersion-strengthened heat-treating methods, carbide is carried out the highly dispersed processing it is uniformly distributed on the austenitic matrix in pelletized form.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102230054A (en) * | 2010-04-28 | 2011-11-02 | 鞍钢集团矿业公司 | Novel process for producing super high manganese steel casting |
| CN102230056A (en) * | 2010-04-28 | 2011-11-02 | 鞍钢集团矿业公司 | Novel technology for smelting and modifying superhigh manganese steel |
| CN102242314A (en) * | 2011-01-17 | 2011-11-16 | 王军祥 | Multiple alloy toughened and wear-resistant middle-manganese steel and preparation technology thereof |
| CN103243196A (en) * | 2013-05-15 | 2013-08-14 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Purified smelting method of adding rare earth in intermediate frequency furnace |
| CN103789704A (en) * | 2014-01-25 | 2014-05-14 | 安徽省临泉县智创精机有限公司 | High-toughness alloy steel material and preparation method thereof |
| CN104690236A (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2015-06-10 | 陕西宏远航空锻造有限责任公司 | Production method for controlling heat resistant steel grain size |
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2007
- 2007-09-27 CN CNA2007101523340A patent/CN101121993A/en active Pending
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102230054A (en) * | 2010-04-28 | 2011-11-02 | 鞍钢集团矿业公司 | Novel process for producing super high manganese steel casting |
| CN102230056A (en) * | 2010-04-28 | 2011-11-02 | 鞍钢集团矿业公司 | Novel technology for smelting and modifying superhigh manganese steel |
| CN102242314A (en) * | 2011-01-17 | 2011-11-16 | 王军祥 | Multiple alloy toughened and wear-resistant middle-manganese steel and preparation technology thereof |
| CN102242314B (en) * | 2011-01-17 | 2014-06-11 | 王军祥 | Multiple alloy toughened and wear-resistant middle-manganese steel and preparation technology thereof |
| CN103243196A (en) * | 2013-05-15 | 2013-08-14 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Purified smelting method of adding rare earth in intermediate frequency furnace |
| CN103243196B (en) * | 2013-05-15 | 2015-10-07 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | A kind of intermediate frequency furnace adds the method that rare earth sublimate is smelted |
| CN104690236A (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2015-06-10 | 陕西宏远航空锻造有限责任公司 | Production method for controlling heat resistant steel grain size |
| CN103789704A (en) * | 2014-01-25 | 2014-05-14 | 安徽省临泉县智创精机有限公司 | High-toughness alloy steel material and preparation method thereof |
| CN103789704B (en) * | 2014-01-25 | 2015-12-02 | 安徽省临泉县智创精机有限公司 | A kind of high-ductility alloy steel and preparation method thereof |
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