CN106990230A - A kind of crops are applicable the decision method of degradable mulch induction period - Google Patents
A kind of crops are applicable the decision method of degradable mulch induction period Download PDFInfo
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- CN106990230A CN106990230A CN201710203114.XA CN201710203114A CN106990230A CN 106990230 A CN106990230 A CN 106990230A CN 201710203114 A CN201710203114 A CN 201710203114A CN 106990230 A CN106990230 A CN 106990230A
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- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003413 degradative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000036512 infertility Effects 0.000 description 4
- 208000000509 infertility Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 231100000535 infertility Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/44—Resins; rubber; leather
- G01N33/442—Resins, plastics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0268—Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
- A01G13/0275—Films
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
-
- G01N33/0096—
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Protection Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of crops are applicable the decision method of degradable mulch induction period, it is characterized in that the method degraded by manual simulation, judges that certain crops is applicable the reasonable induction period that degradable mulch should have(Safe period)It is interval.Simulate and degrade in plastic mulched crop different growing artificial rupture of membrane, by surveying production screening yield highest rupture of membranes period, be used as applicable degradable mulch induction period(Safe period)Judgment basis.The inventive method can avoid present analysis degradable mulch suitable induction period(Safe period)When extensive application experiment and analyze, and improve the accuracy of judgement.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to crop mulching films technical field, and in particular to a kind of crops are applicable degradable mulch induction period
(Safe period)Decision method.
Background technology
Degradable mulch can prevent and treat biography as a kind of product for substituting conventional common polythene mulch film at present from source
Mulch film of uniting uses pollution of the rear residue to environment.Both sides, which should be met, as degradable mulch requires that one is to possess mulch film
Performance, two be that innocuous substance can be degraded in natural environment.Obvious degradation is occurring for degradable mulch(Occur broken
Split)The preceding stage is the stage that insulation soil moisture conservation effect is given full play to as covered ground film, i.e., the master that its ground film properties is played
Period is wanted, is referred to as induction period(Or safe period), whether induction period, which can meet crop growth needs, is directly connected to degradablely
The application effect of film product.
At present, it is interval mostly by the way of application test to determine certain degradable mulch suitable induction period, by can
Degradative plastic film covers progress experiment in cultivation on crop, each experiment district's groups the data obtained difference is analyzed, so that what is relatively obscured sentences
Break applicability of certain degradable mulch on certain crop, workload is big, test period length and influenceed by environment, human factor
Error is larger.At present, judge that the method for degradable mulch reasonable induction period is mainly the method by test observation, such as select
Several degradable mulch, according to the method for carrying out field test, every kind of degradable mulch sets the field planting of more than three
Test process, by 5-7 days/time of artificial observation, records every kind of mulch film induction period(Safe period)The time of appearance, finally to every
Plant degradable mulch and carry out survey production, with yield high degradable mulch test group induction period(Safe period)The time of appearance is used as this
Crop is applicable degradable mulch reasonable induction period(Safe period).The method workload is big, and misses by a mile, except artificial vision sees
Caused by surveying outside error, different degradable mulch compositions are different, and degradation speed is by factors such as intensity of illumination, soil moisture, precipitation
Influence, induction period(Safe period)Interval unstable, final conclusion (of pressure testing) is without representativeness.It more can accurately judge certain
Crop is applicable the reasonable induction period of degradable mulch(Safe period)Interval method has no report.Research is a kind of simple and easy to apply, and
It can accurately judge that certain crop is applicable the reasonable induction period of degradable mulch(Safe period)Interval method, to degradable mulch
Manufacturer targetedly adjusts formula, or the degradable mulch of certain suitable crop of screening has highly important work
With.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention be for shortcoming of the prior art and provide a kind of crops be applicable can
Degradative plastic film induction period(Safe period)Decision method, using punched on degradable mulch flat rupture of membranes simulation degraded side
Method, it is to avoid experiment work amount is big caused by degradable mulch product formula is different and analysis difficulty.
Technical problem for the solution present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that:
A kind of crops are applicable the decision method of degradable mulch induction period, and its method is as follows:It can be dropped in covering of the same area
Unified agrotechnical management is taken in the plot Planting Crops of the mulch film of solution, all plot, crops different growing rupture of membranes not
Degradative plastic film degraded is simulated with the mulch film in plot, wherein the area of rupture of membranes is identical on difference of each crops breeding time plot,
The area of institute's rupture of membranes accounts for the 10%-15% of the whole mulch film area coverage in each plot, after after crop maturity determine analysing output and
The rupture of membranes period of breeding time number of days, yield highest rupture of membranes period rationally induces as the applicable degradable mulch for judging crops
Phase.
A kind of crops are applicable the decision method of degradable mulch induction period, and specific method is as follows:
According to the method for carrying out field test, according to Crop growing stage quantity n setting area identicals experimental plot, each fertility
Phase sets experimental plot to be 3, sets a check experiment group, i.e., set altogether(n+1)× 3 experimental plots, experimental plot is
30-60m2, experimental plot, which is set, protects row, and experimental plot is numbered according to each breeding time, and each breeding time is corresponding 3 at random
Experimental plot, unified covering degradable mulch, and the crops of planting experiment, take unified agrotechnical management, in crop growth
Degradative plastic film degraded is simulated to the hillslope processes mulch film progress rupture of membranes for numbering the breeding time to during corresponding breeding time, wherein each
The area of rupture of membranes is identical in crops breeding time different tests cell, and the area of rupture of membranes accounts for the whole covering with ground sheeting in each experimental plot
The 10%-15% of area, control group mulch film not holes, after after crop maturity, observing its total breeding time number of days, and it is small to determine each experiment
Area's ultimate output, using variance analysis contrast in different growing rupture of membranes experimental plot and the breeding time number of days and yield of control group
Difference, determines optimal rupture of membranes period, and yield highest rupture of membranes period closes as the applicable degradable mulch for judging crops
Manage induction period.
Holes device is used during mulch film rupture of membranes, holes device preparation method is:On the metal or wood based panel of mulch film breadth 1/2
Even welding hammers into that spike is some, wherein the density of spike be 4 × plate length × plate it is wide × 10%/π × spike diameter2。
The mulch film is polyethylene ground film.
The crops are potato.
The invention provides one kind is easy to operate, it is easy analysis, accurate, available for judging that it is degradable that Different Crop is applicable
Film reasonable induction period(Safe period)Decision method.The mode of the simulation degraded of the use artificial rupture of membrane of the invention, is protected
The controllability of experiment is demonstrate,proved, the test material of selection is polyethylene film, and its Stability Analysis of Structures does not drop substantially in natural environment
Solution, reduces the error risk caused by test material performance is unstable.Crop is the need for different growing is to growing environment
There is larger difference, therefore, the present invention does not set experimental plot in design according to fixed time period, and according to the life of crop
The phase of educating is configured, and more meets the objective law of plant growth, improves the representativeness of conclusion.In process of the test, rupture in punch
Area is controllable, and the rupture of membranes time is controllable, improves the operability and controllability of experiment, and avoids the observation of conventional method needs
Operation, significantly reduces the hand labor intensity of experiment.During Analysis of conclusion, it is only necessary to simply calculate and compare.
Embodiment
Example below will be further described to the inventive method, but not thereby limiting the invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of crops are applicable the decision method of degradable mulch induction period, and specific method is as follows:
Test site is Gansu Province Lin Xiazhou, and trial crops are potato, according to potato breeding time, i.e. squaring period holes, are opened
Florescence holes, tuber expansion period holes set 3 area identical test groups, separately set whole not holes test group(CK), each
Test group sets 3 area identical experimental plots, experimental plot 12 is set altogether, each experimental plot is with covering polyethylene
Film, area are 30m2, it is numbered.April 18 carried out covering with ground sheeting and sowing, entered squaring period on June 24, to corresponding volume
Number 3 cells carry out punching rupture of membranes come simulate degradative plastic film degraded, rupture of membranes instrument be rake, according to rake teeth diameter calculate holes
Number(The size of specific holes instrument everywhere, be according to the density of spike(4 × plate length × plate is wide × and 10%)/(π × spike
Thing diameter2)Formula calculates density), punching rupture of membranes is uniformly carried out on mulch film to simulate degradative plastic film degraded(The area of rupture of membranes is accounted for
The 10% of the whole mulch film area coverage in each experimental plot).July 12 entered florescence, and 3 cells accordingly numbered are carried out
Punching rupture of membranes is degraded to simulate degradative plastic film, punches rupture of membranes same squaring period.September 12 days, into tuber expansion period, to corresponding numbering
3 cells carry out punching rupture of membranes, punch rupture of membranes same squaring period.Record after each cell potato mature period, harvest to each small
Area carries out survey production.Final data acquired is as follows:
Analyze test data to understand, potato each breeding time punching rupture of membranes and the time of infertility do not punch rupture of membranes its total fertility day base
This is consistent, and florescence punches the yield highest of rupture of membranes, and squaring period takes second place, tuber expansion period the 3rd, the production that the time of infertility does not punch
Amount is minimum.Therefore, it is adapted to the degradable mulch optimal induction period of potato(Safe period)In its florescence.
Embodiment 2
The specific method be the same as Example 1 of embodiment 2, each experimental plot area is 60m2, the area of rupture of membranes accounts for each experimental plot
The 15% of whole mulch film area coverage, carries out and tests simultaneously with embodiment 1, and final data acquired is as follows:
Analyze test data to understand, potato each breeding time punching rupture of membranes and the time of infertility do not punch rupture of membranes its total fertility day base
This is consistent, and the yield highest of florescence punching, squaring period takes second place, tuber expansion period the 3rd, and the yield that the time of infertility does not punch is most
It is low.Conclusion (of pressure testing) is same as Example 1.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of crops are applicable the decision method of degradable mulch induction period, it is characterised in that method is as follows:In equal area
Covering with plastic film plot Planting Crops, unified agrotechnical management is taken in all plot, in the different growing rupture of membranes of crops
The mulch film in different plot come simulate degradative plastic film degraded, wherein each crops breeding time difference plot on rupture of membranes area phase
Together, the area of institute's rupture of membranes accounts for the 10%-15% of the whole mulch film area coverage in each plot, after determining analysing output after crop maturity
With the rupture of membranes period of breeding time number of days, yield highest rupture of membranes period rationally lures as the applicable degradable mulch for judging crops
Lead the phase.
2. a kind of crops according to claim 1 are applicable the decision method of degradable mulch induction period, it is characterised in that
Specific method is as follows:
According to the method for carrying out field test, according to Crop growing stage quantity n setting area identicals experimental plot, each fertility
Phase sets experimental plot to be 3, sets a check experiment group, i.e., set altogether(n+1)× 3 experimental plots, experimental plot is
30-60m2, experimental plot, which is set, protects row, and experimental plot is numbered according to each breeding time, and each breeding time is corresponding 3 at random
Experimental plot, unified covering degradable mulch, and the crops of planting experiment, take unified agrotechnical management, in crop growth
To during corresponding breeding time to number the breeding time hillslope processes mulch film carry out rupture of membranes, wherein each crops breeding time difference examination
Test that the area of rupture of membranes in cell is identical, the area of rupture of membranes accounts for the 10%-15% of the whole mulch film area coverage in each experimental plot, control
Group mulch film not holes, after after crop maturity, observing its total breeding time number of days, and determines each experimental plot ultimate output, user
Difference analysis contrast is determined optimal in different growing rupture of membranes experimental plot and the breeding time number of days and volume variance of control group
Rupture of membranes period, yield highest rupture of membranes period is used as the applicable degradable mulch reasonable induction period for judging crops.
3. a kind of crops according to claim 1 or 2 are applicable the decision method of degradable mulch induction period, its feature exists
In:Holes device is used during mulch film rupture of membranes, holes device preparation method is:Uniformly welded on the metal or wood based panel of mulch film breadth 1/2
Connect or hammer into that spike is some, wherein the density of spike be 4 × plate length × plate it is wide × 10%/π × spike diameter2。
4. a kind of crops according to claim 3 are applicable the decision method of degradable mulch induction period, it is characterised in that:
The mulch film is polyethylene ground film.
5. a kind of crops according to claim 1 or 4 are applicable the decision method of degradable mulch induction period, its feature exists
In:The crops are potato.
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107449689A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2017-12-08 | 山西省农业科学院农业资源与经济研究所 | A kind of method for rapidly testing of PPC degradative plastic films |
CN108476830A (en) * | 2018-03-24 | 2018-09-04 | 农业部农业生态与资源保护总站 | A kind of degradable mulch landfill contrast test technical solution |
CN108633577A (en) * | 2018-03-24 | 2018-10-12 | 农业部农业生态与资源保护总站 | A kind of degradable mulch arable farming contrast test technical solution |
CN108760971A (en) * | 2018-03-24 | 2018-11-06 | 农业部农业生态与资源保护总站 | A kind of degradable mulch contrast test technical solution |
CN108828201A (en) * | 2018-03-24 | 2018-11-16 | 农业部农业生态与资源保护总站 | A kind of degradable mulch is exposed to the sun comparative test technical solution |
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CN101839905A (en) * | 2009-03-20 | 2010-09-22 | 上海市环境科学研究院 | Field monitoring method of farm-oriented mulch degradation performance |
CN102907227A (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2013-02-06 | 云南云蔗科技开发有限公司 | Field evaluation method of degradable mulching film on sugarcane cultivation |
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107449689A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2017-12-08 | 山西省农业科学院农业资源与经济研究所 | A kind of method for rapidly testing of PPC degradative plastic films |
CN107449689B (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2019-11-12 | 山西省农业科学院农业资源与经济研究所 | A kind of method for rapidly testing of PPC degradative plastic film |
CN108476830A (en) * | 2018-03-24 | 2018-09-04 | 农业部农业生态与资源保护总站 | A kind of degradable mulch landfill contrast test technical solution |
CN108633577A (en) * | 2018-03-24 | 2018-10-12 | 农业部农业生态与资源保护总站 | A kind of degradable mulch arable farming contrast test technical solution |
CN108760971A (en) * | 2018-03-24 | 2018-11-06 | 农业部农业生态与资源保护总站 | A kind of degradable mulch contrast test technical solution |
CN108828201A (en) * | 2018-03-24 | 2018-11-16 | 农业部农业生态与资源保护总站 | A kind of degradable mulch is exposed to the sun comparative test technical solution |
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