CN106990230A - A kind of crops are applicable the decision method of degradable mulch induction period - Google Patents

A kind of crops are applicable the decision method of degradable mulch induction period Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106990230A
CN106990230A CN201710203114.XA CN201710203114A CN106990230A CN 106990230 A CN106990230 A CN 106990230A CN 201710203114 A CN201710203114 A CN 201710203114A CN 106990230 A CN106990230 A CN 106990230A
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crops
rupture
membranes
period
mulch
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CN106990230B (en
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周涛
唐继荣
李崇霄
刘�文
王平生
陈玉平
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Gansu Agricultural Ecological Environment Protection Management Station
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Gansu Agricultural Ecological Environment Protection Management Station
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/44Resins; rubber; leather
    • G01N33/442Resins, plastics
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00Protecting plants
    • A01G13/02Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
    • A01G13/0256Ground coverings
    • A01G13/0268Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
    • A01G13/0275Films
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/0096

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract

A kind of crops are applicable the decision method of degradable mulch induction period, it is characterized in that the method degraded by manual simulation, judges that certain crops is applicable the reasonable induction period that degradable mulch should have(Safe period)It is interval.Simulate and degrade in plastic mulched crop different growing artificial rupture of membrane, by surveying production screening yield highest rupture of membranes period, be used as applicable degradable mulch induction period(Safe period)Judgment basis.The inventive method can avoid present analysis degradable mulch suitable induction period(Safe period)When extensive application experiment and analyze, and improve the accuracy of judgement.

Description

A kind of crops are applicable the decision method of degradable mulch induction period
Technical field
The invention belongs to crop mulching films technical field, and in particular to a kind of crops are applicable degradable mulch induction period (Safe period)Decision method.
Background technology
Degradable mulch can prevent and treat biography as a kind of product for substituting conventional common polythene mulch film at present from source Mulch film of uniting uses pollution of the rear residue to environment.Both sides, which should be met, as degradable mulch requires that one is to possess mulch film Performance, two be that innocuous substance can be degraded in natural environment.Obvious degradation is occurring for degradable mulch(Occur broken Split)The preceding stage is the stage that insulation soil moisture conservation effect is given full play to as covered ground film, i.e., the master that its ground film properties is played Period is wanted, is referred to as induction period(Or safe period), whether induction period, which can meet crop growth needs, is directly connected to degradablely The application effect of film product.
At present, it is interval mostly by the way of application test to determine certain degradable mulch suitable induction period, by can Degradative plastic film covers progress experiment in cultivation on crop, each experiment district's groups the data obtained difference is analyzed, so that what is relatively obscured sentences Break applicability of certain degradable mulch on certain crop, workload is big, test period length and influenceed by environment, human factor Error is larger.At present, judge that the method for degradable mulch reasonable induction period is mainly the method by test observation, such as select Several degradable mulch, according to the method for carrying out field test, every kind of degradable mulch sets the field planting of more than three Test process, by 5-7 days/time of artificial observation, records every kind of mulch film induction period(Safe period)The time of appearance, finally to every Plant degradable mulch and carry out survey production, with yield high degradable mulch test group induction period(Safe period)The time of appearance is used as this Crop is applicable degradable mulch reasonable induction period(Safe period).The method workload is big, and misses by a mile, except artificial vision sees Caused by surveying outside error, different degradable mulch compositions are different, and degradation speed is by factors such as intensity of illumination, soil moisture, precipitation Influence, induction period(Safe period)Interval unstable, final conclusion (of pressure testing) is without representativeness.It more can accurately judge certain Crop is applicable the reasonable induction period of degradable mulch(Safe period)Interval method has no report.Research is a kind of simple and easy to apply, and It can accurately judge that certain crop is applicable the reasonable induction period of degradable mulch(Safe period)Interval method, to degradable mulch Manufacturer targetedly adjusts formula, or the degradable mulch of certain suitable crop of screening has highly important work With.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention be for shortcoming of the prior art and provide a kind of crops be applicable can Degradative plastic film induction period(Safe period)Decision method, using punched on degradable mulch flat rupture of membranes simulation degraded side Method, it is to avoid experiment work amount is big caused by degradable mulch product formula is different and analysis difficulty.
Technical problem for the solution present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that:
A kind of crops are applicable the decision method of degradable mulch induction period, and its method is as follows:It can be dropped in covering of the same area Unified agrotechnical management is taken in the plot Planting Crops of the mulch film of solution, all plot, crops different growing rupture of membranes not Degradative plastic film degraded is simulated with the mulch film in plot, wherein the area of rupture of membranes is identical on difference of each crops breeding time plot, The area of institute's rupture of membranes accounts for the 10%-15% of the whole mulch film area coverage in each plot, after after crop maturity determine analysing output and The rupture of membranes period of breeding time number of days, yield highest rupture of membranes period rationally induces as the applicable degradable mulch for judging crops Phase.
A kind of crops are applicable the decision method of degradable mulch induction period, and specific method is as follows:
According to the method for carrying out field test, according to Crop growing stage quantity n setting area identicals experimental plot, each fertility Phase sets experimental plot to be 3, sets a check experiment group, i.e., set altogether(n+1)× 3 experimental plots, experimental plot is 30-60m2, experimental plot, which is set, protects row, and experimental plot is numbered according to each breeding time, and each breeding time is corresponding 3 at random Experimental plot, unified covering degradable mulch, and the crops of planting experiment, take unified agrotechnical management, in crop growth Degradative plastic film degraded is simulated to the hillslope processes mulch film progress rupture of membranes for numbering the breeding time to during corresponding breeding time, wherein each The area of rupture of membranes is identical in crops breeding time different tests cell, and the area of rupture of membranes accounts for the whole covering with ground sheeting in each experimental plot The 10%-15% of area, control group mulch film not holes, after after crop maturity, observing its total breeding time number of days, and it is small to determine each experiment Area's ultimate output, using variance analysis contrast in different growing rupture of membranes experimental plot and the breeding time number of days and yield of control group Difference, determines optimal rupture of membranes period, and yield highest rupture of membranes period closes as the applicable degradable mulch for judging crops Manage induction period.
Holes device is used during mulch film rupture of membranes, holes device preparation method is:On the metal or wood based panel of mulch film breadth 1/2 Even welding hammers into that spike is some, wherein the density of spike be 4 × plate length × plate it is wide × 10%/π × spike diameter2
The mulch film is polyethylene ground film.
The crops are potato.
The invention provides one kind is easy to operate, it is easy analysis, accurate, available for judging that it is degradable that Different Crop is applicable Film reasonable induction period(Safe period)Decision method.The mode of the simulation degraded of the use artificial rupture of membrane of the invention, is protected The controllability of experiment is demonstrate,proved, the test material of selection is polyethylene film, and its Stability Analysis of Structures does not drop substantially in natural environment Solution, reduces the error risk caused by test material performance is unstable.Crop is the need for different growing is to growing environment There is larger difference, therefore, the present invention does not set experimental plot in design according to fixed time period, and according to the life of crop The phase of educating is configured, and more meets the objective law of plant growth, improves the representativeness of conclusion.In process of the test, rupture in punch Area is controllable, and the rupture of membranes time is controllable, improves the operability and controllability of experiment, and avoids the observation of conventional method needs Operation, significantly reduces the hand labor intensity of experiment.During Analysis of conclusion, it is only necessary to simply calculate and compare.
Embodiment
Example below will be further described to the inventive method, but not thereby limiting the invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of crops are applicable the decision method of degradable mulch induction period, and specific method is as follows:
Test site is Gansu Province Lin Xiazhou, and trial crops are potato, according to potato breeding time, i.e. squaring period holes, are opened Florescence holes, tuber expansion period holes set 3 area identical test groups, separately set whole not holes test group(CK), each Test group sets 3 area identical experimental plots, experimental plot 12 is set altogether, each experimental plot is with covering polyethylene Film, area are 30m2, it is numbered.April 18 carried out covering with ground sheeting and sowing, entered squaring period on June 24, to corresponding volume Number 3 cells carry out punching rupture of membranes come simulate degradative plastic film degraded, rupture of membranes instrument be rake, according to rake teeth diameter calculate holes Number(The size of specific holes instrument everywhere, be according to the density of spike(4 × plate length × plate is wide × and 10%)/(π × spike Thing diameter2)Formula calculates density), punching rupture of membranes is uniformly carried out on mulch film to simulate degradative plastic film degraded(The area of rupture of membranes is accounted for The 10% of the whole mulch film area coverage in each experimental plot).July 12 entered florescence, and 3 cells accordingly numbered are carried out Punching rupture of membranes is degraded to simulate degradative plastic film, punches rupture of membranes same squaring period.September 12 days, into tuber expansion period, to corresponding numbering 3 cells carry out punching rupture of membranes, punch rupture of membranes same squaring period.Record after each cell potato mature period, harvest to each small Area carries out survey production.Final data acquired is as follows:
Analyze test data to understand, potato each breeding time punching rupture of membranes and the time of infertility do not punch rupture of membranes its total fertility day base This is consistent, and florescence punches the yield highest of rupture of membranes, and squaring period takes second place, tuber expansion period the 3rd, the production that the time of infertility does not punch Amount is minimum.Therefore, it is adapted to the degradable mulch optimal induction period of potato(Safe period)In its florescence.
Embodiment 2
The specific method be the same as Example 1 of embodiment 2, each experimental plot area is 60m2, the area of rupture of membranes accounts for each experimental plot The 15% of whole mulch film area coverage, carries out and tests simultaneously with embodiment 1, and final data acquired is as follows:
Analyze test data to understand, potato each breeding time punching rupture of membranes and the time of infertility do not punch rupture of membranes its total fertility day base This is consistent, and the yield highest of florescence punching, squaring period takes second place, tuber expansion period the 3rd, and the yield that the time of infertility does not punch is most It is low.Conclusion (of pressure testing) is same as Example 1.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of crops are applicable the decision method of degradable mulch induction period, it is characterised in that method is as follows:In equal area Covering with plastic film plot Planting Crops, unified agrotechnical management is taken in all plot, in the different growing rupture of membranes of crops The mulch film in different plot come simulate degradative plastic film degraded, wherein each crops breeding time difference plot on rupture of membranes area phase Together, the area of institute's rupture of membranes accounts for the 10%-15% of the whole mulch film area coverage in each plot, after determining analysing output after crop maturity With the rupture of membranes period of breeding time number of days, yield highest rupture of membranes period rationally lures as the applicable degradable mulch for judging crops Lead the phase.
2. a kind of crops according to claim 1 are applicable the decision method of degradable mulch induction period, it is characterised in that Specific method is as follows:
According to the method for carrying out field test, according to Crop growing stage quantity n setting area identicals experimental plot, each fertility Phase sets experimental plot to be 3, sets a check experiment group, i.e., set altogether(n+1)× 3 experimental plots, experimental plot is 30-60m2, experimental plot, which is set, protects row, and experimental plot is numbered according to each breeding time, and each breeding time is corresponding 3 at random Experimental plot, unified covering degradable mulch, and the crops of planting experiment, take unified agrotechnical management, in crop growth To during corresponding breeding time to number the breeding time hillslope processes mulch film carry out rupture of membranes, wherein each crops breeding time difference examination Test that the area of rupture of membranes in cell is identical, the area of rupture of membranes accounts for the 10%-15% of the whole mulch film area coverage in each experimental plot, control Group mulch film not holes, after after crop maturity, observing its total breeding time number of days, and determines each experimental plot ultimate output, user Difference analysis contrast is determined optimal in different growing rupture of membranes experimental plot and the breeding time number of days and volume variance of control group Rupture of membranes period, yield highest rupture of membranes period is used as the applicable degradable mulch reasonable induction period for judging crops.
3. a kind of crops according to claim 1 or 2 are applicable the decision method of degradable mulch induction period, its feature exists In:Holes device is used during mulch film rupture of membranes, holes device preparation method is:Uniformly welded on the metal or wood based panel of mulch film breadth 1/2 Connect or hammer into that spike is some, wherein the density of spike be 4 × plate length × plate it is wide × 10%/π × spike diameter2
4. a kind of crops according to claim 3 are applicable the decision method of degradable mulch induction period, it is characterised in that: The mulch film is polyethylene ground film.
5. a kind of crops according to claim 1 or 4 are applicable the decision method of degradable mulch induction period, its feature exists In:The crops are potato.
CN201710203114.XA 2017-03-30 2017-03-30 A kind of crops are applicable in the determination method of degradable mulch induction period Expired - Fee Related CN106990230B (en)

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Cited By (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107449689A (en) * 2017-08-10 2017-12-08 山西省农业科学院农业资源与经济研究所 A kind of method for rapidly testing of PPC degradative plastic films
CN108476830A (en) * 2018-03-24 2018-09-04 农业部农业生态与资源保护总站 A kind of degradable mulch landfill contrast test technical solution
CN108633577A (en) * 2018-03-24 2018-10-12 农业部农业生态与资源保护总站 A kind of degradable mulch arable farming contrast test technical solution
CN108760971A (en) * 2018-03-24 2018-11-06 农业部农业生态与资源保护总站 A kind of degradable mulch contrast test technical solution
CN108828201A (en) * 2018-03-24 2018-11-16 农业部农业生态与资源保护总站 A kind of degradable mulch is exposed to the sun comparative test technical solution

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107449689A (en) * 2017-08-10 2017-12-08 山西省农业科学院农业资源与经济研究所 A kind of method for rapidly testing of PPC degradative plastic films
CN107449689B (en) * 2017-08-10 2019-11-12 山西省农业科学院农业资源与经济研究所 A kind of method for rapidly testing of PPC degradative plastic film
CN108476830A (en) * 2018-03-24 2018-09-04 农业部农业生态与资源保护总站 A kind of degradable mulch landfill contrast test technical solution
CN108633577A (en) * 2018-03-24 2018-10-12 农业部农业生态与资源保护总站 A kind of degradable mulch arable farming contrast test technical solution
CN108760971A (en) * 2018-03-24 2018-11-06 农业部农业生态与资源保护总站 A kind of degradable mulch contrast test technical solution
CN108828201A (en) * 2018-03-24 2018-11-16 农业部农业生态与资源保护总站 A kind of degradable mulch is exposed to the sun comparative test technical solution

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