CN106988481B - 一种玻纤增强建筑保温板材及其生产工艺 - Google Patents
一种玻纤增强建筑保温板材及其生产工艺 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于建筑材料技术领域，尤其涉及一种玻纤增强建筑保温板材及其生产工艺，包括保温层，位于保温层上表面的抗裂层，位于保温层下表面的结构层，所述抗裂层、保温层和结构层之间均通过粘结剂复合为一体，所述保温层是由保温芯材以及包覆在保温芯材上表面和下表面的玻纤网格布组成，本发明生产的保温板材具有强度高、抗裂性能好的优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于建筑材料技术领域，尤其涉及一种玻纤增强建筑保温板材及其生产工艺。
背景技术
从上世纪90年代至今，中国建筑产业化道路已走过了近30年历程，在中国的建筑市场上，墙体开裂、房屋渗漏等质量问题一直困扰着消费者和房产商。因为目前的建筑行业的工业化程度低，工人专业素质差，很多工艺都要在现场完成，这就使得房屋质量要受气候、温度、环境、工人技术及工作态度等很多不确定因素的制约，从而造成了这些建筑业的缺陷。发展建筑产业化可以加快建造速度，缩短资金周转时间，降低现场施工的技术难度，容易把控质量，建造过程中所需人员数量少，可以节省巨额的建设成本。此外，还能达到节能、节地、节水、节材和环境保护的标准。建筑保温一体化产品符合当下市场和今后发展需要，目前建筑保温市场上出现的诸如“免拆模自保温体系”、“保温砌块体系”、“现浇夹心自保温体系”等工艺，大都存在产品技术含量低、产品强度和耐候性较差，生产工艺原始、生产或使用环节效率低下等技术问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种玻纤增强建筑保温板材及其生产工艺，生产的保温板材具有强度高、抗裂性能好的优点。
为达到上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案是：
一种玻纤增强建筑保温板材，包括保温层，位于保温层上表面的抗裂层，位于保温层下表面的结构层，所述抗裂层、保温层和结构层之间均通过粘结剂复合为一体，所述保温层是由保温芯材以及包覆在保温芯材上表面和下表面的玻纤网格布组成。
进一步的，所述结构层为纤维水泥板或硅酸钙板，结构层的尺寸为1200mm*2400mm*8-10mm；所述保温层为EPS、XPS、硬质岩棉板、防火无机复合保温板中的一种，保温层侧面均设有相互连通的梯形凹槽，所述梯形凹槽内设有弹性防水密封条；所述抗裂层为厚度0.5-1.0mm玻纤基水泥砂浆布；所述玻纤网格布为120-180g/m²的耐碱玻纤网格布；所述粘结剂为聚合物粘结砂浆或微发泡聚氨酯胶黏剂，粘结剂的涂布厚度不小于3mm。
进一步的，所述玻纤网格布是通过玻纤线束穿插缝合到保温芯材上的。
进一步的，所述保温层被切割成一组长条状的小块板材，每小块板材表面包覆玻纤网格布并翻包100-150mm。
进一步的，所述玻纤线束为直径0.25-0.5mm的覆塑玻纤绳，玻纤线束的穿插密度为200-600针/平方米，保温层的尺寸为1200mm*2400mm*40-100mm。
进一步的，所述小块板材的尺寸为300-600*1200mm*40-100mm。
一种玻纤增强建筑保温板材的生产工艺，包括以下步骤：
1）结构层前处理：先将结构层进行双面磨砂处理，再经气流清洗后喷涂界面剂，最后进行烘干处理；
2）保温层增强处理：将保温层进行双面玻纤网格布包覆并由玻纤线束密集穿插缝合，或者先将保温层切割成小块板材，分别对每小块板材进行玻纤网格布翻包增强后，再将翻包处理以后的小块板材拼接处理以后用玻纤网格布包覆；
3）配制聚合物粘结砂浆；
4）涂胶压合：将聚合物粘结砂浆涂覆到步骤2）所得的保温层上下表面，并将步骤1）所得结构层和抗裂层经层压机压合到保温层表面，层压机压力为100-150Kpa；
5）堆码：将步骤4）所得产品送入养护车间堆叠码放，码放层数小于10层，码放高度小于1.5米；
6）养护：将步骤5）所得产品在养护车间堆码养护48h，其中，养护温度为10-35℃，养护湿度为45-60%；
7）干燥：将步骤6）所得产品移入干燥车间通风干燥24h，其中，干燥温度23-35℃，湿度20-40%；
8）切割包装：待聚合物粘结砂浆固化以后，将步骤7）所得板材进行切割处理，经质量检验合格以后包装出厂。
进一步的，所述步骤2）中玻纤线束穿插缝合具体操作为：首先用钻头在保温层上钻出玻纤线束穿线孔，再将玻纤线束穿过缝纫针针孔，借助于缝纫针将玻纤线束和玻纤网格布穿插绕结并缝合到一起。
进一步的，所述穿线孔形状为哑铃状。
本发明具有的优点是：
1.由于本发明中的保温板材对保温层进行玻纤增强处理，不仅提高了保温层的机械强度，而且将玻纤网格布通过缝合穿插的工艺缝合到保温层，使得玻纤网格布与保温层的结合更加紧密，抗拉强度可达0.4MPa以上，且玻纤网格布不容易从保温层上脱落；
2.由于本发明中的保温板材由结构层、保温层和抗裂保护层通过粘结剂复合而成，整个保温板材的综合性能较高，且生产工艺比较简单，容易大规模工业化生产。
附图说明
图1是本发明提供的一种玻纤增强建筑保温板材的实施例1的剖视结构示意图。
图2是图1的边角部分的斜向剖视结构示意图。
图3是本发明提供的一种玻纤增强建筑保温板材的实施例2的剖视结构示意图。
图4是本发明提供的一种玻纤增强建筑保温板材的生产工艺的示意图。
图5是本发明提供的一种玻纤增强建筑保温板材的生产工艺中玻纤线束穿插缝合的示意图。
1、保温层；2、玻纤网格布；3、穿线孔；4、玻纤线束；5、粘结剂；6、抗裂层；7、结构层；8、梯形凹槽；9、弹性防水密封条；10、针；11、钻头。
具体实施方式
实施例1
如图1、图2、图4和图5所示，一种玻纤增强建筑保温板材，包括保温层1，位于保温层1上表面的抗裂层6，位于保温层1下表面的结构层7，所述抗裂层6、保温层1和结构层7之间均通过粘结剂5复合为一体，所述保温层1是由保温芯材以及包覆在保温芯材上表面和下表面的玻纤网格布2组成，玻纤网格布2是通过玻纤线束4穿插缝合到保温芯材上的，玻纤线束4为直径0.25mm的覆塑玻纤绳，玻纤线束4的穿插密度为200针/平方米，保温层1的尺寸为1200mm*2400mm*40-100mm。
进一步的，所述结构层7为纤维水泥板或硅酸钙板，结构层7的尺寸为1200mm*2400mm*8-10mm；所述保温层1为EPS、XPS、硬质岩棉板、防火无机复合保温板中的一种，保温层1侧面均设有相互连通的梯形凹槽8，所述梯形凹槽8内设有弹性防水密封条9；所述抗裂层6为厚度0.5mm玻纤基水泥砂浆布；所述玻纤网格布2为120g/m²的耐碱玻纤网格布；所述粘结剂5为聚合物粘接砂浆或微发泡聚氨酯胶黏剂，粘结剂5的涂布厚度不小于3mm。
一种玻纤增强建筑保温板材的生产工艺，包括以下步骤：
1）结构层前处理：先将结构层进行双面磨砂处理，再经气流清洗后喷涂界面剂，最后进行烘干处理；
2）保温层增强处理：将保温层进行双面玻纤网格布包覆并由玻纤线束密集穿插缝合，具体操作为：首先用钻头在保温层上钻出玻纤线束穿线孔，穿线孔形状为哑铃状，再将玻纤线束穿过缝纫针针孔，借助于缝纫针将玻纤线束和玻纤网格布穿插绕结并缝合到一起；
3）配制聚合物粘结砂浆，将市售聚合物干粉砂浆置于搅拌机内加水搅拌15-20分钟；
4）涂胶压合：将聚合物粘结砂浆涂覆到步骤2）所得的保温层上下表面，并将步骤1）所得结构层和抗裂层经层压机压合到保温层表面，层压机压力为100Kpa；
5）堆码：将步骤4）所得产品送入养护车间堆叠码放，码放层数小于10层，码放高度小于1.5米；
6）养护：将步骤5）所得产品在养护车间堆码养护48h，其中，养护温度为10℃，养护湿度为45%；
7）干燥：将步骤6）所得产品移入干燥车间通风干燥24h，其中，干燥温度23℃，湿度20%；
8）切割包装：待聚合物粘结砂浆固化以后，将步骤7）所得板材进行切割处理，经质量检验合格以后包装出厂。
实施例2
由图3和图4可知，一种玻纤增强建筑保温板材，包括保温层1，位于保温层1上表面的抗裂层6，位于保温层1下表面的结构层7，所述抗裂层6、保温层1和结构层7之间均通过粘结剂5复合为一体，所述保温层1是由保温芯材以及包覆在保温芯材上表面和下表面的玻纤网格布2组成，保温层1被切割成一组长条状的小块板材，每小块板材表面包覆玻纤网格布2并翻包100mm，小块板材的尺寸为300-600*1200mm*40-100mm，进一步的，所述结构层7为纤维水泥板或硅酸钙板，结构层7的尺寸为1200mm*2400mm*8-10mm；所述保温层1为EPS、XPS、硬质岩棉板、防火无机复合保温板中的一种，保温层1侧面均设有相互连通的梯形凹槽8，所述梯形凹槽8内设有弹性防水密封条9；所述抗裂层6为厚度1.0mm玻纤基水泥砂浆布；所述玻纤网格布2为180g/m²的耐碱玻纤网格布2；所述粘结剂5为聚合物粘结砂浆或微发泡聚氨酯胶黏剂，粘结剂5的涂布厚度不小于3mm。
一种玻纤增强建筑保温板材的生产工艺，包括以下步骤：
1）结构层前处理：先将结构层进行双面磨砂处理，再经气流清洗后喷涂界面剂，最后进行烘干处理；
2）保温层增强处理：先将保温层切割成小块板材，分别对每小块板材进行玻纤网格布翻包增强后，再将翻包处理以后的小块板材拼接处理以后用玻纤网格布包覆；
3）配制聚合物粘结砂浆，将市售聚合物干粉砂浆置于搅拌机内加水搅拌20分钟；
4）涂胶压合：将聚合物粘结砂浆涂覆到步骤2）所得的保温层上下表面，并将步骤1）所得结构层和抗裂层经层压机压合到保温层表面，层压机压力为150Kpa；
5）堆码：将步骤4）所得产品送入养护车间堆叠码放，码放层数小于10层，码放高度小于1.5米；
6）养护：将步骤5）所得产品在养护车间堆码养护48h，其中，养护温度为35℃，养护湿度为60%；
7）干燥：将步骤6）所得产品移入干燥车间通风干燥24h，其中，干燥温度35℃，湿度40%；
8）切割包装：待聚合物粘结砂浆固化以后，将步骤7）所得板材进行切割处理，经质量检验合格以后包装出厂。
实施例3
实施例3与实施例2的不同之处在于：每小块板材表面包覆玻纤网格布2并翻包150mm；抗裂层6为厚度0.8mm玻纤基水泥砂浆布；玻纤网格布2为150g/m²的耐碱玻纤网格布；一种玻纤增强建筑保温板材的生产工艺中，步骤3）中配制聚合物粘结砂浆加水搅拌时间为18分钟；步骤4）中层压机压力为120Kpa；步骤6）养护温度为20℃，养护湿度为50%；步骤7）干燥温度30℃，湿度30%。
实施例4
实施例4与实施例1的不同之处在于：玻纤线束4为直径0.5mm的覆塑玻纤绳，玻纤线束4的穿插密度为600针/平方米；抗裂层6为厚度0.7mm玻纤基水泥砂浆布；玻纤网格布2为160g/m²的耐碱玻纤网格布；一种玻纤增强建筑保温板材的生产工艺中，步骤3）中配制聚合物粘结砂浆加水搅拌时间为16分钟；步骤4）中层压机压力为130Kpa；步骤6）养护温度为25℃，养护湿度为55%；步骤7）干燥温度28℃，湿度25%。
Claims (5)
1.一种玻纤增强建筑保温板材的生产工艺，其特征在于，所述板材包括保温层，位于保温层上表面的抗裂层，位于保温层下表面的结构层，所述抗裂层、保温层和结构层之间均通过粘结剂复合为一体，所述保温层是由保温芯材以及包覆在保温芯材上表面和下表面的玻纤网格布组成；所述结构层为纤维水泥板或硅酸钙板，结构层的尺寸为1200mm*2400mm*8-10mm；所述保温层为EPS、XPS、硬质岩棉板、防火无机复合保温板中的一种，保温层侧面均设有相互连通的梯形凹槽，所述梯形凹槽内设有弹性防水密封条；所述抗裂层为厚度0.5-1.0mm玻纤基水泥砂浆布；所述玻纤网格布为120-180g/m²的耐碱玻纤网格布；所述粘结剂为聚合物粘结砂浆或微发泡聚氨酯胶黏剂，粘结剂的涂布厚度不小于3mm；生产工艺包括以下步骤：
1）结构层前处理：先将结构层进行双面磨砂处理，再经气流清洗后喷涂界面剂，最后进行热风烘干处理；
2）保温层增强处理：将保温层进行双面玻纤网格布包覆并由玻纤线束密集穿插缝合，或者先将保温层切割成小块板材，分别对每小块板材进行玻纤网格布翻包100-150mm增强后，再将翻包处理以后的小块板材拼接处理以后用玻纤网格布包覆；
3）配制聚合物粘结砂浆；
4）涂胶压合：将聚合物粘结砂浆涂覆到步骤2）所得的保温层上下表面，并将步骤1）所得结构层和抗裂层经层压机压合到保温层表面，层压机压力为100-150Kpa；
5）堆码：将步骤4）所得产品送入养护车间堆叠码放，码放层数小于10层，码放高度小于1.5米；
6）养护：将步骤5）所得产品在养护车间堆码养护48h，其中，养护温度为10-35℃，养护湿度为45-60%；
7）干燥：将步骤6）所得产品移入干燥车间通风干燥24h，其中，干燥温度23-35℃，湿度20-40%；
8）切割包装：待聚合物粘结砂浆固化以后，将步骤7）所得板材进行切割处理，经质量检验合格以后包装出厂。
2.如权利要求1所述的玻纤增强建筑保温板材的生产工艺，其特征在于：所述步骤2）中玻纤线束穿插缝合具体操作为：首先用钻头在保温层上钻出玻纤线束穿线孔，再将玻纤线束穿过缝纫针针孔，借助于缝纫针将玻纤线束和玻纤网格布穿插绕结并缝合到一起。
3.如权利要求2所述的玻纤增强建筑保温板材的生产工艺，其特征在于：所述穿线孔形状为哑铃状。
4.如权利要求1所述的玻纤增强建筑保温板材的生产工艺，所述玻纤线束为直径0.25-0.5mm的覆塑玻纤绳，玻纤线束的穿插密度为200-600针/平方米，保温层的尺寸为1200mm*2400mm*40-100mm。
5.如权利要求1所述的玻纤增强建筑保温板材的生产工艺，其特征在于：所述小块板材的尺寸为300-600*1200mm*40-100mm。
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