CN106957567B - 外墙的超疏水透明夜光乳胶涂料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

外墙的超疏水透明夜光乳胶涂料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106957567B
CN106957567B CN201710227589.2A CN201710227589A CN106957567B CN 106957567 B CN106957567 B CN 106957567B CN 201710227589 A CN201710227589 A CN 201710227589A CN 106957567 B CN106957567 B CN 106957567B
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张卫东
孙鹏程
杨卓
薛晓
李艳稳
贺忠雨
张涛
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Abstract

本发明涉及外墙的疏水涂料技术领域，公开了一种外墙的超疏水透明夜光乳胶涂料及其制备方法。本发明包括以下质量百分比的组分：苯丙乳液35‑55%，夜光颜料10‑30%，硬脂酸盐3‑20%，纳米二氧化硅1‑5%，助剂3‑5%和水20‑30%。本发明成本低、制备简便、环保、可大规模应用。

Description

外墙的超疏水透明夜光乳胶涂料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及外墙的疏水涂料技术领域，特别是涉及一种外墙的超疏水透明夜光乳胶涂料及其制备方法。
背景技术
按照国际公认的分类方法，当固体表面与水的接触角大于等于90 °但却小于等于120 °时，固体表面被称为疏水表面；当固体表面与水的接触角大于等于120 °但却小于等于150 °时，固体表面被称为极疏水表面；当固体表面与水的接触角大于150 °，水的滚动角或接触角滞后小于等于10°时，固体表面被称为超疏水表面。
超疏水表面材料具有广泛的实际应用价值，可以用于自清洁、防水、防雾、防菌、防污、防结冰、防腐、减阻、防尘等方面。归纳目前的现有技术，制备超疏水表面有两种方法，一是通过表面修饰的方法将原本疏水的表面粗糙化，以获得微纳米粗糙结构；二是采用低表面自由能的材料去涂敷和改性原本具有微纳米结构的粗糙表面，即将原本亲水的表面转化为疏水表面。迄今为止，用于表面修饰的方法主要有光刻、湿法/干法蚀刻、化学/物理气相沉积、溶胶-凝胶法、电化学沉积法、静电纺丝法、层层沉积法、模版法、3D打印以及直接激光毛化法等。总体而言，这些表面修饰方法不仅过程繁琐，还需要采用复杂甚至昂贵的设备，无法工业化大规模生产。另一方面，用于降低微纳米结构粗糙表面自由能的低表面能材料通常是含氟聚合物和硅氧烷化合物，价格昂贵，而且对环境有潜在的危害，不属于环境友好型材料。
发明内容
本发明提供一种成本低、制备简便、环保、可大规模应用的外墙的超疏水透明夜光乳胶涂料及其制备方法。
解决的技术问题是：现有的超疏水涂层材料成本高，制备工艺复杂、对设备要求较高，不适合大规模应用，超疏水性能不稳定。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用如下技术方案：
本发明外墙的超疏水透明夜光乳胶涂料，包括以下质量百分比的组分：
苯丙乳液35-55%，夜光颜料10-30%，硬脂酸盐3-20%，纳米二氧化硅1-5%，助剂3-5%和水20-30%。
本发明外墙的超疏水透明夜光乳胶涂料，进一步的，所述苯丙乳液自身成膜后与水的接触角为85-90°。
本发明外墙的超疏水透明夜光乳胶涂料，进一步的，所述硬脂酸盐为硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸锌、硬脂酸镁和硬脂酸钾中的一种或几种。
本发明外墙的超疏水透明夜光乳胶涂料，进一步的，所述纳米二氧化硅为亲油型气相二氧化硅。
本发明外墙的超疏水透明夜光乳胶涂料，进一步的，所述夜光颜料为水性夜光颜料。
本发明外墙的超疏水透明夜光乳胶涂料，进一步的，所述助剂包括分散剂、润湿剂、消泡剂、防沉降剂、防霉剂和增稠剂。
本发明外墙的超疏水透明夜光乳胶涂料的制备方法，按照以下步骤进行：
步骤一、备料：按照以下质量百分比进行备料：
苯丙乳液35-55%，夜光颜料10-30%，硬脂酸盐3-20%，纳米二氧化硅1-5%，助剂3-5%和水20-30%；
助剂包括分散剂、润湿剂、消泡剂、防沉降剂、防霉剂和增稠剂；
步骤二、混合：将步骤一称量的除增稠剂以外的所有组分混合，进行第一次高速搅拌分散，分散均匀后加入增稠剂，进行第二次搅拌分散，分散均匀即可。
本发明外墙的超疏水透明夜光乳胶涂料的制备方法，进一步的，步骤二中第一次高速搅拌分散的时间为50-60min，第二次高速搅拌分散的时间为10-20min。
本发明外墙的超疏水透明夜光乳胶涂料与现有技术相比，具有如下有益效果：
本发明外墙的超疏水透明夜光乳胶涂料选用的组分简单、经济、易得，不会对环境造成负担，健康环保；喷涂在纤维石棉板表面形成的涂层表面水接触角在150.0°-152.5°，远高于现有外墙涂料的110°左右，滚动角在9.2°-9.8°，小于10°，超疏水性能稳定；本发明透明涂料外观透明、夜晚可发出不同颜色的夜光，可起到装饰及节约户外照明能耗的作用，可以广泛用于外墙，具备自清洁、防雾、防水、防污、防结冰的性能。
本发明乳胶涂料采用自身成膜后与水的接触角在85-90°之间苯丙乳液，具有较好的疏水性和耐候性，与硬脂酸盐中的长链烷基混合，不仅提高了涂料的分散效果，而且大大提高了涂料的亲油疏水性，作为外墙涂料的成膜物质，成膜效果好，适合大规模使用；使用亲油型气相二氧化硅，不仅能够形成具有粗糙纳米结构的涂层表面，而且可以避免夜光颜料的沉降，提高涂料组分的分散性，并通过合理调整纳米二氧化硅的用量，使与苯丙乳液和硬脂酸盐协同作用，大大提高涂料的疏水性。
本发明外墙的超疏水透明夜光乳胶涂料具有良好的疏水性和耐候性，制备过程简单，无需进行低表面能化学改性和表面微纳米粗糙化修饰，涂料本身喷涂至结构表面后，即可形成具有粗糙纳米结构的涂层，经济便捷，大大降低了疏水涂料的制备成本，简化了生产工艺。
下面对本发明的外墙的超疏水透明夜光乳胶涂料及其制备方法作进一步说明。
具体实施方式
制备实施例
按照以下方法，制备本发明外墙的超疏水透明夜光乳胶涂料：
步骤一、备料：按照表1所示质量百分比进行组分备料：
步骤二、混合：将步骤一称量的除增稠剂以外的所有组分混合，进行第一次高速搅拌分散50-60min，分散均匀后加入增稠剂，进行第二次搅拌分散10-20min，分散均匀即可。
其中，助剂所包含的组分如表2所示。
将上述制备实施例制得的外墙的超疏水透明夜光乳胶涂料进行基本性能测试，测得的具体结果如表3所示。
由表3可知，采用本发明制备方法制得的外墙的超疏水透明夜光乳胶涂料各项基本性能具符合GB/T 31815-2015“建筑外表面用自清洁涂料”中对涂料的要求。
测试实施例
将上述制备实施例制得的外墙的超疏水透明夜光乳胶涂料喷涂至纤维石棉板上，采用接触角测定仪测定其接触角及滚动角，随机定点，测定六个不同的点，计算接触角及滚动角的平均值，测得的涂料在纤维石棉板表面形成的涂层表面水接触角具体如表4所示。
由表4可知，采用本发明制备方法制得的外墙的超疏水透明夜光乳胶涂料在纤维石棉板表面形成的涂层表面水接触角在150.0°-152.5°，滚动角在9.2°-9.8°，疏水性能极好，吸水后无结块、龟裂等现象出现。
以上所述的实施例仅仅是对本发明的优选实施方式进行描述，并非对本发明的范围进行限定，在不脱离本发明设计精神的前提下，本领域普通技术人员对本发明的技术方案作出的各种变形和改进，均应落入本发明权利要求书确定的保护范围内。

Claims (3)

1.外墙的超疏水透明夜光乳胶涂料，其特征在于：由以下质量百分比的组分组成：
苯丙乳液35-55%，夜光颜料10-30%，硬脂酸盐3-20%，纳米二氧化硅1-5%，助剂3-5%和水20-30%；所述苯丙乳液自身成膜后与水的接触角为85-90°；所述助剂包括分散剂、润湿剂、消泡剂、防沉降剂、防霉剂和增稠剂；所述夜光颜料为水性夜光颜料；
所述硬脂酸盐为硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸锌、硬脂酸镁和硬脂酸钾中的一种或几种；
所述纳米二氧化硅为亲油型气相二氧化硅；
所述外墙的超疏水透明夜光乳胶涂料喷涂在纤维石棉板表面形成的涂层表面水接触角在150.0°-152.5°。
2.权利要求1所述的外墙的超疏水透明夜光乳胶涂料的制备方法，其特征在于：按照以下步骤进行：
步骤一、备料：按照以下质量百分比进行备料：
苯丙乳液35-55%，夜光颜料10-30%，硬脂酸盐3-20%，纳米二氧化硅1-5%，助剂3-5%和水20-30%；
助剂包括分散剂、润湿剂、消泡剂、防沉降剂、防霉剂和增稠剂；
步骤二、混合：将步骤一称量的除增稠剂以外的所有组分混合，进行第一次高速搅拌分散，分散均匀后加入增稠剂，进行第二次搅拌分散，分散均匀即可。
3.根据权利要求2所述的外墙的超疏水透明夜光乳胶涂料的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤二中第一次高速搅拌分散的时间为50-60min，第二次搅拌分散的时间为10-20min。
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