CN106947493B - Green improving synergist for acid soil and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Green improving synergist for acid soil and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- CVOQYKPWIVSMDC-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium;butanedioate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C(=O)CCC([O-])=O CVOQYKPWIVSMDC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003516 soil conditioner Substances 0.000 abstract description 24
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 21
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 21
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 21
- 229920001529 polyepoxysuccinic acid Polymers 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 241000186361 Actinobacteria <class> Species 0.000 abstract description 9
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000009418 agronomic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002455 scale inhibitor Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241001553178 Arachis glabrata Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 description 20
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 18
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 8
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- -1 phosphorus organic compound Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000005739 Bordeaux mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101100240662 Neurospora crassa (strain ATCC 24698 / 74-OR23-1A / CBS 708.71 / DSM 1257 / FGSC 987) gtt-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000273928 Zingiber officinale Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006886 Zingiber officinale Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZCWYDQNATAJCIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N butanedioic acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OC(=O)CCC(O)=O ZCWYDQNATAJCIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000008397 ginger Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical group [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001414 potassium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2109/00—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE pH regulation
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of soil improvement, and particularly discloses a green improving synergist for acid soil and a preparation method thereof. The material consists of the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 30-50% of calcium oxide, 20-30% of magnesium oxide, 1-5% of polyepoxysuccinic acid or polyepoxysuccinic acid potassium and 15-49% of filler. Before the polyepoxysuccinic acid (potassium) is used as a scale inhibitor in water treatment, the polyepoxysuccinic acid (potassium) is used as a raw material of a soil conditioner for the first time; the raw materials of calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, polyepoxysuccinic acid (potassium) and filler adopted in the invention are nontoxic and harmless to crops, soil and human health, so the soil improvement synergist formed by combining the raw materials is a green product; by applying the soil conditioner, the pH value of plough layer soil of 0-20cm, the number of bacteria and actinomycetes can be obviously increased, the volume weight of plough layer soil of 0-20cm is reduced, and the agronomic characters and the yield of peanuts are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of soil improvement, and particularly relates to a green improving synergist for acid soil and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The normal growth and development of plants depend on a good soil environment. However, in nature, the soil in which plants grow often has various obstacle factors that limit the growth of plants. For example, large areas of saline-alkali soil on the land surface of the world have high salinity; high concentration of H in acid soil+，Al3+，Mn2+And Fe2+Etc.; the flooded soil contains excessive reducing substances and Fe2+Etc.; calcareous soil lacks sufficient available phosphorus, iron, zinc, and the like. With the continuous application of chemical fertilizer and the continuous release of H from the root system of high-yield crops to soil+The pH value of the soil is in a descending trend year by year, and the field blocks with the pH value of the plough layer soil lower than 5.5 are increased year by year, so that the crop yield is low, the fertilizer application is ineffective, and the plant diseases and insect pests are serious, so that the serious acidification of the soil becomes a limiting factor for the development of agricultural production.
Soil conditioners (Soil conditioners) are mainly used for improving Soil properties so as to be beneficial to crop growth, but not used as substances for providing nutrients required for crop growth, have the main functions of improving physical, chemical and biological properties of Soil, and have obvious effects of maintaining Soil water content, improving Soil granular structure, adjusting Soil pH, reducing Soil saline-alkali hazards, repairing polluted Soil and the like. In recent years, the variety of soil conditioners has been more and more developed, and korea canula divides the soil conditioners into 4 types, i.e., organic types, mineral types, polymer types, and other types. The existing soil conditioner is applied all year round, so that the field soil has resistance to the soil conditioner, and the original soil improvement effect cannot be achieved. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a novel soil conditioner.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a green improving synergist for acid soil and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the green improving synergist for the acid soil comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
30-50% of calcium oxide, 20-30% of magnesium oxide, 1-5% of polyepoxysuccinic acid or polyepoxysuccinic acid potassium and 15-49% of filler.
Preferably, the quality indexes of the polyepoxysuccinic acid are as follows: the content of active substances is more than or equal to 95wt%, the pH value of 10 mass times of water diluent is 7.5-11.0, and the degradation rate is more than or equal to 60%; the quality indexes of the polyepoxy potassium succinate are as follows: k2The content of O is 5-25 wt%, the content of effective substances is more than or equal to 95wt%, the pH value of 10 mass times of water diluent is 7.5-11.0, and the degradation rate is more than or equal to 60%.
Preferably, the filler is bentonite.
The invention provides two preparation methods, which specifically comprise the following steps:
the preparation method comprises the following steps: weighing raw materials according to a proportion, mixing, crushing and screening until the particle size of the materials is less than or equal to 1mm, and obtaining a finished product; and finally, metering and packaging the finished product to obtain the product.
The preparation method 2 comprises the following steps: weighing raw materials according to a certain proportion, mixing, and then sequentially crushing, granulating, drying and packaging to obtain the product. Further, after drying, cooling and screening the mixture until the particle size of the material particles is less than or equal to 4.5mm and less than or equal to 2.5mm, and obtaining a finished product; and finally, metering and packaging the finished product to obtain the product.
Calcium oxide (calcium oxide), an inorganic compound, has the chemical formula CaO, commonly known as quicklime. The physical property is white powder on the surface, the powder has hygroscopicity, quicklime reacts with water to generate calcium hydroxide, and the reaction equation is as follows: CaO + H2O =Ca(OH)2The calcium hydroxide is a binary medium-strong alkali, and the agricultural Bordeaux mixture with bactericidal action prepared from calcium hydroxide and copper sulfate solution can be used as agricultural chemical, or the proper quantity of cookedLime is added into soil to neutralize acidity, improve acid soil and crop living environment, and release Ca to soil2+For the absorption and utilization of plants. Magnesium oxide (chemical formula: MgO) is an oxide of magnesium, and is a white powder at room temperature, MgO + H2O→Mg(OH)2Has weak hygroscopicity, can improve the pH value of soil after being applied into the soil, and simultaneously releases Mg to the soil2+For the absorption and utilization of plants. The polyepoxysuccinic potassium is potassium salt of polyepoxysuccinic acid, and is alkaline; polyepoxysuccinic acid (PESA) is a nitrogen-free and non-phosphorus organic compound, and the active group of the polyepoxysuccinic acid has strong chelating capacity on cations such as metal in water, and is a green water treatment chemical; the exchange effect of the polyepoxysuccinic potassium in potassium ions in soil can chelate Al3+，Mn2+And Fe2+The cations can also increase the effectiveness of medium and trace nutrient elements necessary for plants and promote the growth and development of the plants.
Has the advantages that:
1. before the polyepoxysuccinic acid (potassium) is used as a scale inhibitor in water treatment, the polyepoxysuccinic acid (potassium) is used as a raw material of a soil conditioner for the first time;
2. the raw materials of calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, polyepoxysuccinic acid (potassium) and filler adopted in the invention are nontoxic and harmless to crops, soil and human health, so the soil improvement synergist formed by combining the raw materials is a green product;
3. by applying the soil conditioner, the pH value of plough layer soil of 0-20cm, the number of bacteria and actinomycetes can be obviously increased, the volume weight of plough layer soil of 0-20cm is reduced, and the agronomic characters and the yield of peanuts are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1: the invention relates to one of the production processes of an acid soil green improvement synergist.
FIG. 2: the second production process of the green improving synergist for acid soil of the invention.
FIG. 3: influence of different treatments on soil volume weight (g/cm) of plough layer of 0-20cm in peanut harvesting period3）。
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.
The quality indexes of the polyepoxy succinic acid potassium in the following examples are: k2The content of O: 5wt%, 10-fold by mass of the pH of a water dilution: 8.5, the content of effective substances is 95wt%, and the degradation rate is 60%.
Example 1
The green improving synergist for the acid soil comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 30% of calcium oxide, 20% of magnesium oxide, 1% of polyepoxy succinic potassium and 49% of bentonite.
The preparation method is shown in a flow chart in figure 1: weighing raw materials according to a proportion, mixing, crushing and screening until the particle size of the materials is less than or equal to 1mm, and obtaining a finished product; and finally, metering and packaging the finished product to obtain the product.
Example 2
The green improving synergist for the acid soil comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 45% of calcium oxide, 25% of magnesium oxide, 3% of polyepoxy succinic potassium and 27% of bentonite.
The preparation method is shown in a flow chart in figure 2: weighing raw materials according to a certain proportion, mixing, and then sequentially crushing, granulating, drying and packaging to obtain the product.
Example 3
The green improving synergist for the acid soil comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 50% of calcium oxide, 30% of magnesium oxide, 5% of polyepoxy succinic potassium and 15% of bentonite.
The preparation method is shown in a flow chart in figure 2: weighing raw materials according to a proportion, mixing, then sequentially crushing, granulating, drying, cooling and screening until the particle size of the material particles is less than or equal to 4.5mm and less than or equal to 2.5mm, and obtaining a finished product; and finally, metering and packaging the finished product to obtain the product.
Application example
1. Materials and methods
1.1 test site and peanut variety tested
The test is arranged in a peanut test field in the village greater than county of blue, village in Zhengyang county of Henan province from 6 months to 10 months in 2016. The soil of the test field is sand ginger black soil, the texture is sticky, the terrain is flat, and the soil fertilityUniform and good drainage and irrigation conditions. 0-20cm plough layer soil foundation soil fertility: 13.3g/kg of organic matter, 0.8g/kg of total nitrogen, 72.6mg/kg of quick-acting nitrogen, 13.8mg/kg of quick-acting phosphorus, 98.3mg/kg of quick-acting potassium, 1.31mg/kg of effective zinc, 5.10 of PH value and 1.42g/cm of soil volume weight of 0-20cm plough layer3。
The peanut variety to be tested is resident flower No. 1.
1.2 design of the experiment
The experiment was set up with 4 treatments, T1, controls; t2, soil conditioner A (product of example 1), applied at 600 kg/hm2(ii) a T3, soil conditioner B (product of example 2), applied at 600 kg/hm2(ii) a T4, soil conditioner C (product of example 3), applied at 600 kg/hm2。
The application amount of the nitrogen, the phosphorus and the potassium is respectively N120 kg/hm2，P2O590 kg/hm2、K2O 120 kg/hm2The fertilizer varieties comprise urea, calcium superphosphate and potassium chloride, the fertilizer is completely used as a base fertilizer, and peanuts are planted after the fertilizer is spread and ridged. The area of the test cell is 15m2Repeat 3 times, arrange randomly. The planting mode is ridging planting, and the planting density is 18 ten thousand holes/hm2And 2 seeds are sowed in each hole. Other field management is carried out according to the common high-yield field.
1.3 field survey and measurement and sample Collection
1.3.1 soil sample Collection and determination
1kg of a sample of foundation soil (0-20 cm) is collected before land preparation and fertilization, and the foundation soil fertility is measured.
Taking 0-20cm plough layer soil for each treatment in the seedling stage, the flowering stage, the pod bearing stage, the full fruit stage and after harvesting of peanuts according to the soil-water ratio of 1: 10, and measuring the pH value of the soil solution.
In the peanut coning period, 0-20cm of plough layer soil is taken for each treatment, and the soil microorganisms are measured by adopting a flat plate counting method.
And in the peanut harvesting period, measuring the volume weight of 0-20cm plough layer soil by adopting a cutting ring method in each treatment.
1.3.2 harvesting and yield-metering
When the peanuts are harvested, 4m is taken for each treatment2Harvesting, airing, weighing and yield measuring.
1.3.3 other items
And recording the peanut sowing period, the emergence time, the flowering beginning time and the harvesting time.
2 results and analysis
2.1 Effect of different treatments on the pH value of plough layer soil of different growth periods of peanuts
As can be seen from the table 1, the PH values of the plough layer soil with the thickness of 0-20cm in different treatments tend to increase with the growth period of the peanuts; in different growth periods of peanuts, the pH values of 0-20cm plough layer soil are all T4 & gtT 3 & gtT 2 & gtT 1 in sequence, and the pH values of 0-20cm plough layer soil are shown to be increased along with the increase of the contents of calcium oxide, magnesium oxide and polyepoxy succinic potassium in the soil conditioner.
2.2 Effect of different treatments on soil microorganisms in plough layer of 0-20cm in peanut flowering period
As can be seen from Table 2, the abundance of soil biodiversity can be measured by the amount of bacteria and actinomycetes in the soil, and the amount is an important index of soil fertility. The number of bacteria and actinomycetes in the plough layer soil of 0-20cm treated by T2, T3 and T4 is obviously higher than that of the plough layer soil of T1 without applying a soil conditioner, and the application of the soil conditioner can increase the number of bacteria and actinomycetes in the plough layer soil of 0-20 cm; the number of fungi in the soil treated by T2, T3 and T4 is significantly lower than that of T1, which indicates that the application of the soil conditioner can significantly reduce the number of fungi in the soil, and the increase of the number of fungi in the soil is an indicator of soil deterioration, so that the application of the soil conditioner can improve the fertility of the soil. With the increase of the content of calcium oxide, magnesium oxide and polyepoxy succinic potassium in the soil conditioner, the number of fungi in the plough layer of 0-20cm is in a decreasing trend, the number of bacteria and actinomycetes is in a parabolic change trend, and the number of bacteria and actinomycetes in the plough layer of 0-20cm treated by T3 is the highest, which indicates that the content of calcium oxide, magnesium oxide and polyepoxy succinic potassium in the soil conditioner is too high to be beneficial to the proliferation of the bacteria and actinomycetes.
2.3 Effect of different treatments on the soil volume weight of 0-20cm plough layer in the peanut harvesting period
As can be seen from FIG. 3, the volume weights of 0-20cm plough layer soil treated by T1, T2, T3 and T4 in the peanut harvesting period are 1.46 g/cm3、1.40 g/cm3、1.34 g/cm3、1.31 g/cm3The unit weight of the plough layer soil of 0-20cm treated by the T2, the T3 and the T4 is obviously lower than that of the plough layer soil without the application of the soil conditioner T1, which shows that the unit weight of the plough layer soil of 0-20cm can be obviously reduced by applying the soil conditioner; the soil volume weight of 0-20cm plough layer is reduced along with the increase of the content of calcium oxide, magnesium oxide and polyepoxy succinic potassium in the soil conditioner.
2.4 Effect of different treatments on agronomic traits and yield of peanuts
As can be seen from table 3, the stem height, the side branch length, the branch number and the yield of the T2, T3 and T4 treatments were all higher or more than those of T1, indicating that the application of the soil conditioner can significantly increase the stem height, the side branch length, the branch number and the yield of the peanuts; with the increase of the content of calcium oxide, magnesium oxide and potassium polyepoxysuccinate in the soil conditioner, the main stem height, the lateral branch length, the branch number and the yield are increased, wherein the yield of T4 is the highest and is 5166.8 kg/hm2The yield is increased by 25.9%, 8.1% and 1.3% compared with the yield of T1, T2 and T3 respectively.
3 small knot
The soil conditioner can obviously increase the pH value of plough layer soil of 0-20cm, the number of bacteria and actinomycetes, reduce the volume weight of plough layer soil of 0-20cm, and improve the agronomic characters and yield of peanuts at N, P2O5、K2The application amount of O is 120 kg/hm respectively2、90 kg/hm2、120 kg/hm2Applying 600 kg/hm of soil conditioner2Wherein the yield is the highest when 50 percent of calcium oxide, 30 percent of magnesium oxide, 5 percent of polyepoxy succinic potassium and 15 percent of filler are adopted, and is 5166.8 kg/hm2And administration ofSoil conditioner 600 kg/hm2Wherein the yield is almost the same when the calcium oxide is 45 percent, the magnesium oxide is 25 percent, the polyepoxy succinic acid is 3 percent and the filler is 27 percent, and the yield is 5100.1 kg/hm2。
Claims (4)
1. The green improving synergist for the acid soil is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 30-50% of calcium oxide, 20-30% of magnesium oxide, 1-5% of polyepoxy potassium succinate and 15-49% of bentonite;
the quality indexes of the polyepoxy potassium succinate are as follows: k2The content of O is 5-25 wt%, and the content of effective substances is more than or equal to
95wt%, and 10 times by mass of the water dilution has a pH of 7.5-11.0 and a degradation rate of not less than 60%.
2. A method for preparing the acid soil green improvement synergist according to claim 1, characterized in that: weighing raw materials according to a proportion, mixing, crushing and screening until the particle size of the materials is less than or equal to 1mm, and obtaining a finished product; and finally, metering and packaging the finished product to obtain the product.
3. A method for preparing the acid soil green improvement synergist according to claim 1, characterized in that: weighing raw materials according to a certain proportion, mixing, and then sequentially crushing, granulating, drying and packaging to obtain the product.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein: after drying, cooling and screening the mixture until the particle size of the material particles is less than or equal to 4.5mm and less than or equal to 2.5mm to obtain a finished product; and finally, metering and packaging the finished product to obtain the product.
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