CN106942755B

CN106942755B - Optical detection type coconut shell stripping device

Info

Publication number: CN106942755B
Application number: CN201710301407.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 何涛; 余宽平; 宫蓝波; 田俊; 潘婷婷; 衣晓杰
Original assignee: Shanghai University of Engineering Science
Current assignee: Shanghai University of Engineering Science
Priority date: 2017-05-02
Filing date: 2017-05-02
Publication date: 2022-10-21
Anticipated expiration: 2037-05-02
Also published as: CN106942755A

Abstract

The invention relates to a coconut processing device, and belongs to the field of agricultural product processing devices. The utility model provides an optical detection formula coconut husk strips device, including coconut fixing device, one side of coconut fixing device sets up the circular shape cutter, the cutter is by cutting motor drive, cutting motor fixes on cutting pressure adjusting device, cutting pressure adjusting device makes the cutter tightly paste in coconut husk cutting position, it leads to cutting depth inhomogeneous to avoid the irregular change of coconut shape, set up the cutter tooth at the cutter edge, set up the color development piece on the surface at the cutter edge, the color development piece is through scraping coconut husk tissue or the coconut meat tissue of getting the contact, inside embedding color development piece with coconut husk tissue or coconut meat tissue, change the reflection of light rate of color development piece, set up optical identifier above the color development piece at the cutter edge, the cutter stops the cutting to the coconut husk when detecting color development piece reflection of light rate increase. The device can effectively control the depth of the cutter cutting into the coconut shell, and improves the efficiency and quality of coconut processing.

Description

Optical detection type coconut shell stripping device

Technical Field

The invention relates to a coconut processing device, in particular to an optical detection type coconut shell stripping device.

Background

Coconut has high comprehensive application value, and the yield is higher and higher in recent years. Coconut husking is an important process in coconut processing, and coconut can be further processed into corresponding products after being husked. The conventional coconut husking method is that a large knife is manually used to cut the coconut along the coconut husk fiber once, the husking method is time-consuming and labor-consuming, and the coconut meat inside is easy to be damaged, so that the coconut meat cannot be processed and processed subsequently, and the production efficiency is low.

In addition, none of the coconut husking machines on the market can ensure that the coconut meat inside the coconut shells is not damaged, and the cutting depth is determined by controlling the processing time. The positions of the cutters of the coconut husking machines are fixed, but because the surfaces of the coconuts are uneven and are not regularly round, the coconut meat inside the coconuts are easily damaged during cutting, even the coconut meat is cut to cause the coconut juice to flow out, and the product quality cannot be guaranteed.

Therefore, a device that can peel the coconut husk with high efficiency and can not harm the inside coconut meat of coconut husk is the key of solving present coconut processing field.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an optical detection type coconut shell stripping device which can effectively strip coconut shells and cannot damage coconut meat parts in the coconut shells.

Technical scheme

An optical detection type coconut shell stripping device comprises a coconut fixing device, wherein a round cutter is arranged on one side of the coconut fixing device and is driven by a cutting motor which is fixed on a cutting pressure adjusting device, the cutting pressure adjusting device enables the cutter to be tightly attached to the cutting position of a coconut shell, the uneven cutting depth caused by the irregular change of the shape of the coconut is avoided,

the edge of the cutter is provided with cutter teeth, the surface of the edge of the cutter is also provided with a plurality of chromogenic blocks, the contact coconut shell tissue or coconut meat tissue is scraped by the chromogenic blocks, the coconut shell tissue or the coconut meat tissue is embedded into the chromogenic blocks, the light reflection rate of the chromogenic blocks is changed,

set up optical recognition ware above the color development piece at the cutter edge, optical recognition ware passes through the reflection rate change that inside photosensitive probe detected the color development piece, and when optical recognition ware detected the increase of color development piece reflection rate, it has cut to coconut meat to judge the cutter, and the cutter stops the cutting to the coconut husk, guarantees the complete of coconut meat.

Furthermore, the color development block comprises a color development block base, a semi-conical scraper is arranged on the color development block base, and a color changing groove penetrating through two ends of the semi-conical scraper is formed in the middle of the semi-conical scraper.

Furthermore, the optical identifier comprises a photosensitive probe arranged in the middle of the bottom plate of the optical identifier, and a plurality of point light sources are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the photosensitive probe.

Further, the coconut fixing device comprises a rotating motor vertically and upwards arranged on a device base, a rotating shaft of the rotating motor is connected with a lower fixing disc, the middle of the upper surface of the lower fixing disc is provided with a plurality of lower fixing rods, and the lower fixing rods and the lower fixing disc form an included angle of 10-80 degrees and are uniformly dispersed in a petal shape; the dead top that the lower fixed disk is just right sets up the upper fixed disk, upper fixed disk lower surface middle part sets up the dead lever on a plurality of, each upper fixed lever is 10 ~ 80 degree contained angles with the upper fixed disk, and be the even setting of dispersing of petal form, the upper portion of upper fixed disk is provided with the start cylinder, the start cylinder passes through first antifriction bearing and fixes on the device frame, make start cylinder and upper fixed disk can rotate along with the coconut, adjust the distance between upper fixed disk and the lower fixed disk through the start cylinder, be convenient for get and put the coconut.

Further, coconut fixing device one side sets up finger revolving cylinder, and finger revolving cylinder fixes on the frame of device, and finger revolving cylinder has the one end of pressing from both sides the finger and is used for cliping the coconut to make the coconut rotatory certain angle, cut a plurality of crisscross incisions at the coconut surface once more.

Furthermore, one end of the upper fixing rod is fixed on the upper fixing disc, and the free end of the other end of the upper fixing rod is also connected with an elastic rod; the one end of dead lever is fixed down on the fixed disk, and the free end of the other end also is connected with the elastic rod, and elastic rod and coconut shell elastic fit are fixed firmly with the coconut.

Further, the elastic rod free end endpoint department sets up circular gasket, and circular gasket and coconut laminating are fixed more firmly with the coconut.

Further, the cutting pressure adjusting device comprises a slide rail arranged on a base of the device, a slide block is arranged on the slide rail, one side of the slide block is connected with a reciprocating drive motor, a vertical slide block connecting plate is arranged on the slide block, the upper end of one side of the slide block connecting plate is connected to the side surface of the pressing plate through a pressing spring, the lower end of the side surface of the pressing plate is connected with a fixed connecting rod through a first pin shaft, the other end of the fixed connecting rod is fixed on the side surface of the slide block connecting plate,

and a second rolling bearing is fixedly arranged on the upper part of the other side surface of the pressing plate, the upper end of a cutter rotating shaft is arranged in the second rolling bearing, a cutter and a cutter disk body are arranged in the middle of the cutter rotating shaft, the lower end of the cutter rotating shaft is connected to a rotating shaft of a cutting motor, and the cutting motor is fixed on the pressing plate.

Furthermore, one side of the sliding block is connected with a push rod through a second pin shaft, the other end of the push rod is eccentrically connected with a rotating shaft of a reciprocating motor, and the reciprocating motor drives the sliding block to slide left and right on the sliding rail.

Further, a cutting motor for driving the cutter and the optical identifier are both connected with the controller.

Advantageous effects

The invention provides an optical detection type coconut shell stripping device, which scrapes out coconut tissues in a cut through a color development block at the edge of a cutter, detects the light reflection rate of the coconut tissues through an optical identifier, further judges the position of the coconut cut by the current cutter, and stops cutting the coconut shells in time when the cutter cuts coconut meat in the coconut so as to prevent the coconut meat from being damaged. The device utilizes optical detection technique, and whether accurate judgement depth of cut reaches the coconut meat tissue, and is appropriate to the coconut husk depth of cut, neither can not lead to the coconut husk inadequately not cut open totally, also can not stretch into the cutting coconut meat, leads to the coconut meat to be minced, has consequently improved the quality of coconut processing.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an optical detection coconut shell peeling device according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the lower fixing tray of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a front view of the cutter of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a color-developing block provided on the edge surface of the cutter of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a front view of a color-developing block provided on the edge surface of the cutter according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a left side view of a color-developing block provided on the edge surface of the cutter according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a top view of a color-developing block disposed on the edge surface of the cutter of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a light path diagram of the light detected by the optical identifier when the cutter of the present invention is idling;

FIG. 9 is a light path diagram of the light detected by the optical identifier when the cutting knife cuts the coconut shell portion according to the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a light path diagram of the light detected by the optical identifier when the coconut meat portion is cut by the cutting knife according to the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a bottom view of the optical identifier of the present invention;

wherein: 1-base, 2-rotating motor, 3-first coupler, 4-lower fixed disk, 51-lower fixed rod, 52-upper fixed rod, 6-finger cylinder, 7-circular gasket, 8-elastic rod, 10-upper fixed disk, 11-starting cylinder, 12-first rolling bearing, 13-second rolling bearing, 14-pressure spring, 15-pressure plate, 1501-first pin shaft, 1502-fixed connecting rod, 16-optical recognizer, 1601-photosensitive probe, 1602-point light source, 1603-optical recognizer bottom plate, 17-cutter, 1701-cutter disk body, 1702-cutter tooth, 18-reciprocating motor, 19-second coupler, 20-cutting motor, 21-slider connecting plate, 22-sliding rail, 2201-slider, 23-push rod, 24-color-displaying block, 2401-color-displaying block base, 2402-semicircular conical scraper, 2403-color-changing groove, 2404-coconut shell tissue, 2405-coconut meat tissue, 25-light ray.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further elucidated with reference to the specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

The utility model provides an optical detection formula coconut husk strips device, includes base 1, and vertical setting rotates motor 2 on the base, and fixed disk 4 under the axis of rotation of rotating motor 2 passes through first shaft coupling 3 connection, and the upper surface middle part of lower fixed disk sets up down dead lever 51, and the total a plurality of dead lever 51 down, lower dead lever 51 and lower fixed disk 4 are 10 ~ 80 degrees contained angles, are the even setting of dispersing of petal form. The upper fixing disc 10 is arranged above the lower fixing disc 51, the middle of the lower surface of the upper fixing disc 10 is provided with a plurality of upper fixing discs 52, and the upper fixing discs 52 and the upper fixing discs 10 form 10-80-degree included angles and are petal-shaped and uniformly dispersed and arranged in the middle of the lower surface of the upper fixing disc. The center of the upper fixing disk is opposite to the center of the lower fixing disk, so that the coconut is conveniently clamped by the upper fixing rod and the lower fixing rod.

Go up still being provided with the elastic rod 8 of the free end of dead lever, lower dead lever to still set up circular gasket 7 at the elastic rod free end, utilize the deformation of elastic rod and the deformation of circular gasket tightly to carry the coconut, prevent to drop.

The upper surface of the upper fixed disc is connected with a starting cylinder 11, the other end of the starting cylinder is fixed on a first rolling bearing 12, and the first rolling bearing is fixed on the outer frame of the device.

A cutting device is arranged on the right side of the area between the upper fixing disk and the lower fixing disk, the cutting device comprises a sliding rail 22 arranged on the base 1, a sliding block 2201 is arranged on the sliding rail 22, a vertically-arranged sliding block connecting plate 21 is fixed on the sliding block, the upper end of the left side of the sliding block connecting plate 21 is connected with a vertically-arranged pressure applying plate 15 through a pressure applying spring 14, the lower end of the pressure applying plate 15 is connected with one end of a fixing connecting rod 1502 through a first pin shaft 1501, and the other end of the fixing connecting rod is fixed on the lower portion of the sliding block connecting plate.

The upper portion of the left side of the pressure plate is fixed with a second rolling bearing 13, a cutter rotating shaft is vertically arranged on the second rolling bearing, the lower end of the cutter rotating shaft is connected with a rotating shaft of a cutting motor 20 through a second coupler 19, and one side of the cutting motor 20 is fixed on the left side of the pressure plate. The middle part of the cutter rotating shaft is horizontally provided with a disc-shaped cutter 17, and the surface of the cutter is densely provided with color-displaying blocks. The color development piece includes color development piece base 2401, set up half circular cone scraper 2402 on color development piece base, half circular cone scraper one end reduces to the radius of the other end gradually, and half circular cone scraper radius gradually increases's direction is unanimous with scraper rotation direction, after the cutter cut into the coconut inside, the small half circular cone scraper that the cutter surface set up contacts with the incision lateral wall of coconut, and scrape down coconut husk or the coconut meat that half circular cone scraper contacted, inside coconut husk tissue 2404 or coconut meat tissue 2405 that scrapes were packed into half circular cone scraper. The middle part of the semi-cone-shaped scraper is provided with a color-changing groove 2403 which runs through the two ends of the semi-cone-shaped scraper, and a gap formed by the color-changing groove enables coconut shells or coconut meat inside the semi-cone-shaped scraper to be exposed. Coconut meat is whiter compared to coconut shell due to the inconsistent color of coconut meat or coconut shell. Therefore, when the coconut meat is filled in the semicircular conical scraper, the light reflection rate of the surface of the cutter is higher; when the semi-conical scraper is filled with coconut shell materials, the light reflection rate of the surface of the cutter is relatively low.

An optical identifier 16 is arranged above the surface of the cutter provided with the semicircular conical scraper, a cutting motor for driving the cutter to rotate and the optical identifier are both connected with a controller, the optical identifier comprises an optical identifier bottom plate 1603, a photosensitive probe 1601 is arranged in the middle of the optical identifier bottom plate, and a plurality of point light sources 1602 are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the photosensitive probe. The light emitted by the point light source irradiates the surface of the cutter, and returns to the photosensitive probe after being reflected by the surface of the cutter. When the cutting knife cuts the coconut shell, coconut shell tissues 2404 are embedded in the semi-conical scraper on the surface of the cutting knife, the color-changing groove in the middle of the semi-conical scraper shows the color of the coconut shell tissues, the light reflection rate on the surface of the cutting knife is lower, and the intensity of light signals received by the photosensitive probe is also lower; when the cutter cuts open the coconut husk, when cutting into white coconut meat part, inside the semicircle toper scraper of coconut meat tissue 2405 embedding cutter surface edge zone, the groove that discolours at semicircle toper scraper middle part shows the colour of coconut meat tissue this moment, because the coconut meat is whiter, make the reflection of light rate on cutter edge surface uprise, the light signal intensity that the light sensitive probe who sets up above cutter surface edge received this moment increases, the controller of being connected with light sensitive probe judges that the cutter has cut to the coconut meat part, just stop cutting motor immediately and rotate, stop the cutting to the coconut. Thus realizing the cutting of the coconut shell without damaging the inner coconut meat part.

In this embodiment, the light reflection rate of the surface of the cutting knife is detected, so as to determine whether the coconut shell part or the coconut meat part is cut by the cutting knife at present. The surface of the cutter can also be provided with a rough layer, and the optical identifier is replaced by a color sensor. When the coarse layer on cutter surface was organized with coconut husk or coconut meat tissue, coarse layer colour transform to detected by color sensor, the timely control cutter stopped cutting the coconut husk, prevented to hinder the coconut meat.

One end of the sliding block is connected with a push rod 23 through a second pin shaft, and the other end of the push rod is eccentrically connected with a rotating shaft of the reciprocating motor 18 through a third pin shaft, so that the rotation of the rotating shaft of the reciprocating motor is converted into the reciprocating sliding of the sliding block on the sliding rail. And then the slide block connecting plate is driven to slide back and forth, so that the cutter on the pressing plate reciprocates.

In order to cut the cuts at different positions of the coconut shell, a finger rotating cylinder 6 is also arranged at the left side of the coconut between the upper fixing disk and the lower fixing disk and is fixed on the frame of the device. One end of the finger rotating cylinder extends out of a plurality of clamping fingers, and the coconut is clamped by adjusting the length and the clamping force between the clamping fingers. Then the finger rotating cylinder drives the coconut to rotate through the clamping finger, so that the coconut is overturned by a certain angle.

This device uses the flow as follows, at first puts the coconut between the lower dead lever on the lower fixed disk, then starts cylinder 11 and moves the upper fixed disk downwards, and the coconut is tightly pressed from both sides tightly to the upper dead lever of lower fixed disk lower fixed surface. Then the motor is rotated to drive the coconut to rotate horizontally. At this time, the slider is driven by the reciprocating motor to slide on the slide rail, so that the cutter moves towards the coconut, and meanwhile, the cutting motor 20 is started to drive the cutter to rotate. When the edge of the cutting knife moves to the surface of the coconut shell, the coconut shell is cut. As the coconut is continuously horizontally rotated, a ring-shaped notch is finally cut in the horizontal direction of the coconut. After the cutter cut into the inside certain distance of coconut husk, the cutter incised the coconut husk to cut into the coconut meat part a little, the inside coconut husk tissue that inlays of the semicircle toper scraper that sets up on the edge on cutter surface this moment is replaced into white coconut meat tissue, and the photosensitive probe in cutter top detects the light intensity transform this moment, judges that the coconut husk cutting finishes, thereby stops to continue the cutting.

Then the pressing plate where the cutter is located and the slide block connecting plate slide on the slide block in the reverse direction, so that the cutter is far away from the coconut. Then the upper fixed disk is driven to move upwards, and the coconuts are loosened. Then the drive points revolving cylinder and cliies the back with the coconut, makes the coconut rotate certain angle after, after overturning certain angle with the coconut, presss from both sides the coconut between upper fixed disk and lower fixed disk again, cuts the coconut once more. After two or more times of cutting, a plurality of cross-shaped annular cuts are formed on the coconut shells, so that the coconut shells can be conveniently removed, and complete spherical coconut meat is obtained.

In the embodiment, the slide block connecting plate is connected with the upper end of the pressure applying plate through the pressure applying spring, and the lower end of the slide block connecting plate is connected through the rotating shaft. When the cutter tightly pressed on the coconut, the pressure of the cutter on the coconut was unlikely to be too big under the regulation of the pressure spring, damaged the device, also be unlikely to undersize, reduced cutting efficiency.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an optical detection formula coconut husk strips device which characterized in that: comprises a coconut fixing device, one side of the coconut fixing device is provided with a round cutter (17), the cutter (17) is driven by a cutting motor (20), the cutting motor (20) is fixed on a cutting pressure adjusting device, the cutting pressure adjusting device enables the cutter (17) to be tightly attached to the cutting position of a coconut shell, the uneven cutting depth caused by the irregular change of the shape of the coconut is avoided,

the edge of the cutter (17) is provided with cutter teeth (1702), the surface of the edge of the cutter (17) is also provided with a plurality of color development blocks (24), the color development blocks (24) scrape the coconut shell tissues (2404) or coconut meat tissues (2405) which are contacted, the coconut shell tissues (2404) or coconut meat tissues (2405) are embedded into the color development blocks (24) to change the light reflection rate of the color development blocks (24),

an optical identifier (16) is arranged above the color development block (24) at the edge of the cutter (17), the optical identifier (16) detects the change of the light reflection rate of the color development block (24) through an internal photosensitive probe (1601), when the optical identifier (16) detects the increase of the light reflection rate of the color development block (24), the cutter is judged to cut the coconut meat, the cutter stops cutting the coconut shell, and the completeness of the coconut meat is ensured;

the color development block (24) comprises a color development block base (2401), a semi-circular conical scraper (2402) is arranged on the color development block base (2401), and a color changing groove (2403) penetrating through two ends of the semi-circular conical scraper (2402) is formed in the middle of the semi-circular conical scraper (2402).

2. The optical detection type coconut husk peeling apparatus of claim 1, characterized in that: the optical identifier (16) comprises a photosensitive probe (1601) arranged in the middle of an optical identifier bottom plate (1603), and a plurality of point light sources (1602) are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the photosensitive probe.

3. The optical detection type coconut husk peeling apparatus of claim 1, characterized in that: the coconut fixing device comprises a rotating motor (2) vertically and upwards arranged on a device base (1), a rotating shaft of the rotating motor (2) is connected with a lower fixing disc (4), the middle part of the upper surface of the lower fixing disc (4) is provided with a plurality of lower fixing bars (51), and the lower fixing bars (51) and the lower fixing disc (4) form an included angle of 10-80 degrees and are uniformly dispersed in a petal shape; the dead top of lower fixed disk (4) is just right sets up upper fixed disk (10), upper fixed disk (10) lower surface middle part sets up a plurality of upper fixed rod (52), each upper fixed rod (52) is 10 ~ 80 degrees contained angles with upper fixed disk (10), and be the setting of evenly dispersing of petal form, the upper portion of upper fixed disk (10) is provided with actuating cylinder (11), actuating cylinder (11) are fixed on the device frame through first antifriction bearing (12), make actuating cylinder (11) and upper fixed disk (10) can rotate along with the coconut, adjust upper fixed disk (10) and lower fixed disk (4) distance through actuating cylinder (11), be convenient for get and put the coconut.

4. The optical detection type coconut peeling apparatus as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: coconut fixing device one side sets up finger revolving cylinder (6), and finger revolving cylinder (6) are fixed on the frame of device, and finger revolving cylinder (6) have the one end of pressing from both sides the finger and be used for cliping the coconut to make the coconut rotatory certain angle, cut a plurality of crisscross incisions on the coconut surface once more.

5. The optical detection type coconut peeling apparatus as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: one end of the upper fixing rod (52) is fixed on the upper fixing disc (10), and the free end of the other end is also connected with an elastic rod (8); the one end of dead lever (51) is fixed down on fixed disk (4), and the free end of the other end also is connected with flexible pole (8), and flexible pole (8) and coconut shell elastic fit are fixed firmly with the coconut.

6. The optical detection type coconut peeling apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein: elastic rod (8) free end termination department sets up circular gasket (7), and circular gasket (7) and coconut laminating are fixed more firmly with the coconut.

7. The optical detection type coconut husk peeling apparatus of claim 1, characterized in that: the cutting pressure adjusting device comprises a sliding rail (22) arranged on a base (1) of the device, a sliding block (2201) is arranged on the sliding rail (22), one side of the sliding block (2201) is connected with a reciprocating driving motor, a vertical sliding block connecting plate (21) is arranged on the sliding block (2201), the upper end of one side of the sliding block connecting plate (21) is connected to the side surface of a pressure applying plate (15) through a pressure applying spring (14), the lower end of the side surface of the pressure applying plate (15) is connected with a fixed connecting rod (1502) through a first pin shaft (1501), the other end of the fixed connecting rod (1502) is fixed on the side surface of the sliding block connecting plate (21),

a second rolling bearing (13) is fixedly arranged at the upper part of the other side surface of the pressing plate (15), the upper end of a cutter rotating shaft is arranged in the second rolling bearing (13), a cutter (17) and a cutter disc body are arranged in the middle of the cutter rotating shaft, the lower end of the cutter rotating shaft is connected to a rotating shaft of a cutting motor (20), and the cutting motor (20) is fixed on the pressing plate (15).

8. The optical detection type coconut peeling apparatus as claimed in claim 7, wherein: one side of the sliding block (2201) is connected with a push rod (23) through a second pin shaft, the other end of the push rod (23) is eccentrically connected with a rotating shaft of a reciprocating motor (18), and the reciprocating motor (18) drives the sliding block (2201) to slide left and right on a sliding rail (22).

9. The optical detection type coconut husk peeling apparatus of claim 1, characterized in that: the cutting motor for driving the cutting knife (17) and the optical identifier (16) are both connected with the controller.