CN106936374B - A kind of photovoltaic cell middle Trombe wall - Google Patents
A kind of photovoltaic cell middle Trombe wall Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106936374B CN106936374B CN201710278644.0A CN201710278644A CN106936374B CN 106936374 B CN106936374 B CN 106936374B CN 201710278644 A CN201710278644 A CN 201710278644A CN 106936374 B CN106936374 B CN 106936374B
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- Prior art keywords
- heat
- phase
- photovoltaic cell
- wall
- photovoltaic
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Links
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002907 Guar gum Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000665 guar gum Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229960002154 guar gum Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000010417 guar gum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monostearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ALYNCZNDIQEVRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-aminobenzoic acid Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 ALYNCZNDIQEVRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetamide Chemical compound CC(N)=O DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SDDGNMXIOGQCCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-fluoro-n,n-dimethylaniline Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=CC(F)=C1 SDDGNMXIOGQCCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960004050 aminobenzoic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- FBGGJHZVZAAUKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth selenide Chemical compound [Se-2].[Se-2].[Se-2].[Bi+3].[Bi+3] FBGGJHZVZAAUKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(triethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)C=C FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NKSJNEHGWDZZQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(trimethoxy)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C=C NKSJNEHGWDZZQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940075507 glyceryl monostearate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011147 magnesium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- BFXIKLCIZHOAAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyltrimethoxysilane Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(OC)OC BFXIKLCIZHOAAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001788 mono and diglycerides of fatty acids Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium benzoate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010234 sodium benzoate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004299 sodium benzoate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960003885 sodium benzoate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 2
- DCXXMTOCNZCJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tristearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DCXXMTOCNZCJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- QERDSHMBKXGDSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N=NC=NN.N=NC=NN.CC=C Chemical compound N=NC=NN.N=NC=NN.CC=C QERDSHMBKXGDSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 27
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000001124 body fluid Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000010839 body fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
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- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ABBQHOQBGMUPJH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium salicylate Chemical compound [Na+].OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O ABBQHOQBGMUPJH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- ZLNAFSPCNATQPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl-dimethoxy-methylsilane Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(OC)C=C ZLNAFSPCNATQPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000007686 potassium Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960004025 sodium salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- -1 three Tristerin Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 229940045136 urea Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960005088 urethane Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
- H02S20/20—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object
- H02S20/22—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings
- H02S20/26—Building materials integrated with PV modules, e.g. façade elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/88—Curtain walls
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of photovoltaic cell middle Trombe walls, the transparent cover plate that is set in sequence including ecto-entad, photovoltaic battery panel, PCM phase-changing heat accumulation plate, the wall heat insulation layer on wall, photovoltaic battery panel is adjacent on the left of the PCM phase-changing heat accumulation plate, air flow channel is formed between the wall heat insulation layer on the right side of PCM phase-changing heat accumulation plate, it is respectively arranged with outdoor or more air port in the upper and lower of air flow channel, interior or more air port is respectively arranged at the upper and lower position of wall heat insulation layer.The relatively existing photovoltaic cell middle Trombe wall of the present invention has the advantages that photovoltaic efficiency is high, is not easy to overheat, efficiency of heating- utilization is high, can also be antifreeze.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to photovoltaic and photothermal solars to utilize and architecture-integral technical field, and in particular to a kind of to tie with building
Close the photovoltaic cell middle Trombe wall of controllable heating, power generation.
Background technique
Te Longbu (Trombe) wall proposed for 1966 is with the naming of French scientist Felix Trombe, certainly
This domestic and foreign scholars continue for semicentennial research to it.Traditional Trombe wall be with transparent cover plate, air flow channel, on
Lower baffle plate, upper and lower air port and thermal-arrest wall composition.The working principle of Trombe wall；On daytime, the thermal-arrest wall of surface blacking absorbs too
Sunlight, heats the air of air flow channel, and heated air can be flowed from bottom to top by the effect of siphon power, be flowed into through uptake
Heating indoor space air, while also thering is partial heat to pass through the thermally conductive incoming indoor heating of south orientation wall；Night is stored in Nan Qiang
Heat will be slow and be discharged into interior, it is too big to guarantee that room temperature will not fluctuate on daytime and night.
Trombe wall passes through semicentennial development, has and is widely applied and has many improvement projects, is such as collecting
Increase insulating layer after hot wall, it is possible to reduce the indoor thermic load of summer.But its presence, which has a single function, appearance is inaesthetic lacks
Point significantly impacts its promotion and application.Currently, the country has some photo-thermal relevant to Trombe wall or photovoltaic to utilize patent,
It is if CN1944829A discloses a kind of photovoltaic passive heating system, photovoltaic/thermal of the photovoltaic cell in conjunction with Trombe wall is comprehensive
Utilize system.For photovoltaic power generation technology, the sunlight 80% for being irradiated to photovoltaic cell is not converted into electric energy, but is converted to heat
Can, the temperature of photovoltaic cell can therefore rise, and reduce its incident photon-to-electron conversion efficiency.In this photovoltaic passive heating system, light
Volt battery is laminated to the transparent cover plate back side of Trombe wall using lamination, can be by between transparent cover plate and thermal-arrest wall
The heat on photovoltaic cell surface is taken away in air flowing in air flow channel, and photovoltaic battery temperature can therefore decline, and improves photovoltaic electric
The generated output in pond；Photovoltaic cell is pressed on transparent cover plate upper layer, the appearance of Trombe wall can be made more beautiful.This photovoltaic cell with
The photovoltaic passive heating system that traditional Trombe wall combines solves traditional Trombe wall and has a single function and appearance is inaesthetic asks
Topic.
Also there are a series of defects in above-mentioned photovoltaic passive heating system, as photovoltaic cell is laminated to meeting on transparent cover plate
Stop most of sunlight to enter in Trombe wall, influences utilization of the Trombe wall for solar irradiation；What photovoltaic cell generated
Heat can be directly lost in surrounding air by transparent cover plate, can reduce efficiency of heating- utilization.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve traditional Trombe wall have a single function with appearance unsightly with above-mentioned photovoltaic passive heating wall solar irradiation
Using bad the shortcomings that declining with the thermal efficiency, heat supply in winter and photovoltaic power generation can satisfy the invention proposes one kind and can be simultaneous
Care for a kind of photovoltaic cell middle Trombe wall of the thermal efficiency.
In order to achieve the above object, present invention employs following technical solutions:
A kind of photovoltaic cell middle Trombe wall, the transparent cover plate being set in sequence including ecto-entad, photovoltaic battery panel,
Wall heat insulation layer on PCM phase-changing heat accumulation plate, wall, the PCM phase-changing heat accumulation plate left side are adjacent to photovoltaic battery panel, PCM phase transformation
Air flow channel is formed between the wall heat insulation layer on the right side of heat accumulation plate, is respectively arranged on outdoor in the upper and lower of air flow channel
Lower air port, is respectively arranged with interior or more air port at the upper and lower position of wall heat insulation layer, the outdoor air port up and down and described
The indoor alternative opening and closing in air port up and down.
As the improved technical solution of the present invention, the distance between the photovoltaic battery panel and transparent cover plate are 1~5cm,
The distance between the PCM phase-changing heat accumulation plate and wall heat insulation layer are 5~25cm.
As the improved technical solution of the present invention, the indoor ratio of air port sectional area and air flow channel sectional area up and down is
0.5~0.7.
As the improved technical solution of the present invention, the backboard of the photovoltaic battery panel is made of moulded heat-conductive insulated plastics, institute
It states PCM phase-changing heat accumulation plate to be made of moulded heat-conductive insulated plastics encapsulation phase change heat storage material, the heat conductive insulating of the photovoltaic battery panel
It is sticky in together between plastics and the moulded heat-conductive insulated plastics of the PCM phase-changing heat accumulation plate using heat-conducting glue.
Technical solution as a further improvement of that present invention, the phase change heat storage material mainly by nanometer two-dimensional material 2~
It is 5%wt, 0.5~1.5%wt of nano silver, 0.1~1%wt of nano-hydroxy ferrite, 0~1%wt of surfactant, silane coupled
0~1%wt of agent, 1~4%wt of inorganic salts, 2~3.5%wt of guar gum, 6~15%wt of polyvinyl alcohol, water surplus are constituted.
Further, the phase change heat storage material mainly by 3.2~4.2%wt of nanometer two-dimensional material, nano silver 0.6~
1%wt, 0.3~0.8%wt of nano-hydroxy ferrite, 0~0.6%wt of surfactant, 0.2~0.8%wt of silane coupling agent,
2~3.5%wt of inorganic salts, 2.5~3%wt of guar gum, 8~12%wt of polyvinyl alcohol, water surplus are constituted.
Preferably, the phase change heat storage material is mainly by nanometer two-dimensional material 3.8%wt, nano silver 0.8%wt, nanometer hydroxyl
Based ferrite 0.5%wt, surfactant 0.2%wt, silane coupling agent 0.5%wt, inorganic salts 2.8%wt, guar gum 2.8%
Wt, polyvinyl alcohol 10%wt, water surplus are constituted.
Further, the nanometer two-dimensional material includes molybdenum sulfide two-dimensional material, the tungsten selenide two dimension with a thickness of 1~10nm
At least one of material, black phosphorus two-dimensional material, bismuth selenide two-dimensional material.
Further, the partial size of the nano silver is 2~20nm, and the partial size of the nano-hydroxy ferrite is 2~20nm.
Further, the surfactant includes vinyl bis-stearamides, oleic acid acyl, glyceryl monostearate, three
Tristerin, sodium benzoate, salicylic acid, sodium salicylate, p-aminobenzoic acid, urethane, urea, amide, in acetamide
At least one, the silane coupling agent includes vinyltriethoxysilane, methyltrimethoxysilane, tetraethoxy-silicane
At least one of alkane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, methylvinyldimethoxysilane, the inorganic salts include chlorination
At least one of potassium, sodium chloride, magnesium chloride, potassium sulfate, sodium sulphate, potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate.
Further, the volume change in the phase-change material phase transition process is 1~3%, in higher than phase transition temperature
It in the environment of point in the pasty state, is in gel in the environment of being lower than phase transformation temperature points.
Technical solution as a further improvement of that present invention, the PCM phase-changing heat accumulation plate are embedding by PCM phase-transition heat-storage packet array
Enter in phase change plate array frame, be fixed into one piece of whole plate, is then made of moulded heat-conductive insulated plastics encapsulation.The present invention and the prior art
Compared to the advantages of:
Photovoltaic cell middle Trombe wall of the present invention can not only carry out indoor heating, but also can carry out photovoltaic power generation.With
The single heating function Trombe wall of tradition is compared, functional diversities and appearance looks elegant；With disclosed in the preceding CN1944829A
That photovoltaic passive heating system is compared, and photovoltaic cell area is bigger, and system is smaller to the heat waste of environment, in summer to Indoor Thermal
The influence of load is lower.And structure is simple, makes and easy for installation, and it is practical more convenient, it is specious, it has a extensive future.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is schematic structural view of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the operating mode of Trombe wall summer of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is another operating mode of Trombe wall summer of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the operating mode on daytime in Trombe wall winter of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the operating mode at night in Trombe wall winter of the present invention.
The meaning that serial number marks in figure is as follows:
1- transparent cover plate, 2- photovoltaic cell, 3-PCM phase-changing heat accumulation plate, 4- air flow channel, 5- wall heat insulation layer, outside the room 6-
Overhead gage, uptake outside the room 7-, lower baffle plate outside the room 8-, outside the room 9- lower air port, overhead gage in the room 10-, uptake in the room 11-, 12-
Air port, lower baffle plate in the room 13- are descended in interior.
Specific embodiment
Explanation is further explained to Trombe wall of the invention with attached drawing combined with specific embodiments below.
As shown in Figure 1, photovoltaic cell middle Trombe wall of the invention includes transparent cover plate 1, the photovoltaic being parallel to each other
Solar panel 2, PCM phase-changing heat accumulation plate 3, the wall heat insulation layer 5 on wall.Photovoltaic battery panel 2 is adjacent on the left of PCM phase-changing heat accumulation plate 3,
Air flow channel 4 is formed between 3 right side of PCM phase-changing heat accumulation plate and the wall heat insulation layer 5.Room is equipped on the top of air flow channel 4
Outer uptake 7, lower part are equipped with outdoor lower air port 9；Outdoor overhead gage 6 and outdoor lower baffle plate 8 are installed in outdoor air port up and down；
There is indoor uptake 11 on the top of wall heat insulation layer 5 and wall, indoor leeward mouth 12 is arranged at lower part；Air port up and down indoors point
Indoor overhead gage 10 and indoor lower baffle plate 13 are not installed.Photovoltaic battery panel 2 is placed in transparent cover plate 1, photovoltaic battery panel 2 produces
Raw heat would not be directly lost in air, to improve the efficiency of heating- utilization of photovoltaic battery panel 2.In photovoltaic battery panel 2
PCM phase-changing heat accumulation plate 3 is close at the back side, and the heat of the generation of part photovoltaic battery panel 2 can be absorbed in it, and photovoltaic battery panel 2 is helped to drop
Furthermore temperature, the incident photon-to-electron conversion efficiency for improving photovoltaic battery panel 2 exist to further increase the efficiency of heating- utilization of photovoltaic battery panel 2
Cold area, the PCM phase-changing heat accumulation plate 3 can also discharge latent heat when cold, to protect 2 quilt of photovoltaic battery panel
It is freezing, it can also be in chill night to indoor heating, to improve the efficiency of heating- utilization of photovoltaic battery panel 2 again.
Spacing between photovoltaic battery panel 2 and transparent cover plate 1 should not be too large, if spacing is excessive, can increase frame shade pair
The negative effect of photovoltaic cell.Therefore the distance between the photovoltaic battery panel 2 and transparent cover plate 1 be 1~5cm, preferably 3cm,
The distance between the PCM phase-changing heat accumulation plate 3 and wall heat insulation layer 5 are 5~25cm, preferably 15cm.As of the invention preferred
Scheme, the indoor ratio of air port sectional area and air flow channel sectional area up and down are 0.5~0.7.
Since the heat that photovoltaic cell generates passes to PCM phase change heat storage material plate 3 by the backboard of photovoltaic battery panel 2,
Then the air of air flow channel 4 is heated by the backboard of phase change heat storage material plate 3, therefore needs the backboard of photovoltaic battery panel 2
And the shell of PCM phase change heat storage material plate 3 all has higher thermal coefficient, while to prevent photovoltaic battery panel 2.The present invention adopts
It is the backboard of moulded heat-conductive insulated plastics production photovoltaic battery panel 2, and encapsulates phase change heat storage material system using moulded heat-conductive insulated plastics
At PCM phase change heat storage material plate 3.In order to enhance the heat-transfer effect between photovoltaic battery panel 2 and PCM phase change heat storage material plate 3, light
It lies prostrate and is sticky between the moulded heat-conductive insulated plastics of solar panel 2 and the moulded heat-conductive insulated plastics of the PCM phase-changing heat accumulation plate 3 using heat-conducting glue
Together, naturally it is also possible to not have to heat-conducting glue, at least heat-transfer effect is slightly poor.The PCM phase-changing heat accumulation plate 3 can for convenience of manufacture,
By being fixed into one piece of whole plate, then being encapsulated with moulded heat-conductive insulated plastics in PCM phase-transition heat-storage packet array insertion phase change plate array frame
It is made.
In the present invention, the phase transition temperature of phase change heat storage material is 20 DEG C~30 DEG C, and main component is nanometer two-dimensional material
3.2~4.2%wt, 0.6~1%wt of nano silver, 0.3~0.8%wt of nano-hydroxy ferrite, surfactant 0~0.6%
Wt, 0.2~0.8%wt of silane coupling agent, 2~3.5%wt of inorganic salts, 2.5~3%wt of guar gum, polyvinyl alcohol 8~12%
Wt, water surplus.Preparation method is 1) by nanometer two-dimensional material, nano silver, nano-hydroxy ferrite, surfactant, silane
Coupling agent, polyvinyl alcohol blending are uniform；2) guar gum is distributed in water, is heated to 50~60 DEG C, melted guar gum and rise, formed
Transparent adhesive tape body fluid one；3) then inorganic salts are added in the transparent adhesive tape body fluid in step 2), stirring and dissolving obtains colloidal solution two；
4) blend of step 1) is added in colloidal solution two made from step 3), stirs evenly, obtains pastes；5) by step 4)
Pastes obtained is fitted into aluminium box, is cooled to 5~20 DEG C, obtains gel phase change heat storage material；6) step 5) is obtained
Gel phase change heat storage material be heated to be greater than 30 DEG C when, the phase change heat storage material is changed into paste by gel；7) again
Secondary cooling can obtain gelatinous phase change heat storage material again.
The formula of phase change heat storage material one is as follows:
The phase transition temperature of phase change heat storage material one is 20 DEG C, and the volume change in phase transition process is 1.9%.
The formula of phase change heat storage material two is as follows:
The phase transition temperature of phase change heat storage material two is 23 DEG C, and the volume change in phase transition process is 1.4%.
The formula of phase change heat storage material three is as follows:
The phase transition temperature of phase change heat storage material three is 27 DEG C, and the volume change in phase transition process is 1%.
The formula of phase change heat storage material four is as follows:
The phase transition temperature of phase change heat storage material four is 27 DEG C, and the volume change in phase transition process is 2.2%.
The formula of phase change heat storage material five is as follows:
The phase transition temperature of phase change heat storage material five is 30 DEG C, and the volume change in phase transition process is 3%.
The formula of phase change heat storage material six is as follows:
The phase transition temperature of phase change heat storage material six is 25 DEG C, and the volume change in phase transition process is 1.3%.
The formula of phase change heat storage material seven is as follows:
The phase transition temperature of phase change heat storage material seven is 25 DEG C, and the volume change in phase transition process is 1.7%.
The formula of phase change heat storage material eight is as follows:
The phase transition temperature of phase change heat storage material eight is 21 DEG C, and the volume change in phase transition process is 1.9%.
The formula of phase change heat storage material nine is as follows:
The phase transition temperature of phase change heat storage material nine is 27 DEG C, and the volume change in phase transition process is 1.1%.
Since phase change heat storage material of the invention is paste or gel, the volume change in phase transition process is small, Gu Qibao
It is not easy to leak in aluminium box, use is more safe and reliable.
In the present invention, photovoltaic cell middle Trombe wall is as follows:
As shown in Fig. 2, closing indoor overhead gage 10 and indoor lower baffle plate 13 in summer, can so making on interior
Air port 11 and indoor lower air port 12 are in close state, and are opened simultaneously outdoor overhead gage 6 and outdoor lower baffle plate 8, can be made outdoor
Uptake 7 and outdoor lower air port 9 be in opening state.Pass through siphon masterpiece in the air heats of summer day, air flow channel 4
It is flowed from bottom to top with air is formed, heat a part that photovoltaic cell generates is absorbed by PCM phase-changing heat accumulation plate, and a part can quilt
The air of flowing takes away photovoltaic cell, and double action reduces the operating temperature of photovoltaic cell, guarantees that photovoltaic cell is in high efficiency
Working condition.Air flow channel 4 also acts as the effect that the heat for preventing photovoltaic cell from generating directly heats wall, compared to existing
Trombe wall or photovoltaic Trombe wall, can reduce indoor heat load.
As shown in figure 3, closing indoor overhead gage 10 and outdoor lower baffle plate 8 in summer day, can so making indoor windward
Mouth 11 and outdoor lower air port 9 are in close state, and are opened simultaneously outdoor overhead gage 6 and interior lower baffle plate 13, can be made outdoor
Uptake 7 and indoor lower air port 12 are in opening state.Air heats in air flow channel 4 can shape by the effect of siphon power
At the air circulation approach of uptake 11 outside the lower room air port 12- air flow channel 4- in room air-interior.One side air stream PCM
The back side of phase-changing heat accumulation plate 3 can take away 2 backboard of photovoltaic battery panel and be conducted through the heat come, effectively reduce the temperature of photovoltaic cell
Degree；On the other hand, room can carry out gravity-flow ventilation in this way.
As shown in figure 4, daytime in winter, opens indoor overhead gage 10 and indoor lower baffle plate 13, can so make interior
Uptake 11 and indoor lower air port 12 are in opening state, while closing outdoor overhead gage 6 and outdoor lower baffle plate 8, can make room
Outer uptake 7 and outdoor lower air port 9 are in close state.In winter, the air heats of air flow channel 4 pass through siphon masterpiece
With the flowing of meeting from bottom to top.Room air by indoor lower air port 12, into PCM phase-changing heat accumulation plate 3 and wall insulating layer 5 it
Between air flow channel 4, heated air passes through indoor uptake 11 and flows into interior, can effectively promote indoor air temperature.
Indoors while heating, the heat of air flow channel is also taken away, photovoltaic cell can so be cooled down, photovoltaic cell is improved
Working efficiency.In winter at night, phase-changing heat accumulation plate 3 discharges latent heat, heats the air of air flow channel 4, night also can be improved
Indoor air temperature.
As shown in figure 5, night in winter, closes indoor overhead gage 10 and indoor lower baffle plate 13, indoor uptake 11
It is in close state with air port 12 under interior；Outdoor overhead gage 6 and outdoor lower baffle plate 8 are closed, outdoor 7 He of uptake can be made
The lower air port 9 in outdoor is in close state.All air ports are closed, prevent indoor heat from outflowing by air port, maintain room temperature.
The above embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but embodiments of the present invention are not by the limit of above-described embodiment
System, other any changes made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention, modification, replacement, combination, simplification,
It should be equivalent substitute mode, be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of photovoltaic cell middle Trombe wall, the transparent cover plate being set in sequence including ecto-entad, photovoltaic battery panel,
Wall heat insulation layer on PCM phase-changing heat accumulation plate, wall, the PCM phase-changing heat accumulation plate left side are adjacent to photovoltaic battery panel, PCM phase transformation
Air flow channel is formed between the wall heat insulation layer on the right side of heat accumulation plate, is respectively arranged on outdoor in the upper and lower of air flow channel
Lower air port, is respectively arranged with interior or more air port at the upper and lower position of wall heat insulation layer, the outdoor air port up and down and described
The indoor alternative opening and closing in air port up and down, the backboard of the photovoltaic battery panel are made of moulded heat-conductive insulated plastics, the PCM phase
Become heat accumulation plate to be made of moulded heat-conductive insulated plastics encapsulation phase change heat storage material, the moulded heat-conductive insulated plastics of the photovoltaic battery panel and institute
State and be sticky in together between the moulded heat-conductive insulated plastics of PCM phase-changing heat accumulation plate using heat-conducting glue, the phase change heat storage material mainly by
2~5%wt of nanometer two-dimensional material, 0.5~1.5%wt of nano silver, 0.1~1%wt of nano-hydroxy ferrite, surfactant 0
~1%wt, 0~1%wt of silane coupling agent, 1~4%wt of inorganic salts, 2~3.5%wt of guar gum, 6~15%wt of polyvinyl alcohol,
Water surplus is constituted.
2. photovoltaic cell middle Trombe wall according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the photovoltaic battery panel and thoroughly
The distance between bright cover board is 1~5cm, and the distance between the PCM phase-changing heat accumulation plate and wall heat insulation layer are 5~25cm.
3. photovoltaic cell middle Trombe wall according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: indoor air port sectional area up and down
Ratio with air flow channel sectional area is 0.5~0.7.
4. photovoltaic cell middle Trombe wall according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the nanometer two-dimensional material packet
Include the molybdenum sulfide two-dimensional material with a thickness of 1~10nm, tungsten selenide two-dimensional material, black phosphorus two-dimensional material, in bismuth selenide two-dimensional material
At least one.
5. photovoltaic cell middle Trombe wall according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the partial size of the nano silver is
2~20nm, the partial size of the nano-hydroxy ferrite are 2~20nm.
6. photovoltaic cell middle Trombe wall according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the surfactant includes
Vinyl bis-stearamides, oleic acid acyl, glyceryl monostearate, glyceryl tristearate, sodium benzoate, salicylic acid, salicylic acid
At least one of sodium, p-aminobenzoic acid, urethane, urea, amide, acetamide, the silane coupling agent include vinyl
Triethoxysilane, methyltrimethoxysilane, tetraethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, methyl ethylene diformazan
At least one of oxysilane, the inorganic salts include potassium chloride, sodium chloride, magnesium chloride, potassium sulfate, sodium sulphate, potassium nitrate,
At least one of sodium nitrate.
7. photovoltaic cell middle Trombe wall according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the phase change heat storage material
Volume change in phase transition process is 1~3%, in being higher than in the environment of phase transformation temperature points in the pasty state, is being lower than phase transformation
It is in gel in the environment of temperature spot.
8. photovoltaic cell middle Trombe wall according to claim 1-7, it is characterised in that: the PCM phase
Become heat accumulation plate by one piece of whole plate being fixed into, then using heat conductive insulating in PCM phase-transition heat-storage packet array insertion phase change plate array frame
Plastic Package is made.
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| CN109594677A (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-04-09 | 重庆大学 | A kind of multifunctional solar energy heat collecting wall based on photocatalysis oxidation technique |
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