CN106912325B - Sunlight greenhouse rolling curtain ventilation system based on intelligent prediction and control method - Google Patents
Sunlight greenhouse rolling curtain ventilation system based on intelligent prediction and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106912325B CN106912325B CN201710145928.2A CN201710145928A CN106912325B CN 106912325 B CN106912325 B CN 106912325B CN 201710145928 A CN201710145928 A CN 201710145928A CN 106912325 B CN106912325 B CN 106912325B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/22—Shades or blinds for greenhouses, or the like
- A01G9/227—Shades or blinds for greenhouses, or the like rolled up during non-use
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/241—Arrangement of opening or closing systems for windows and ventilation panels
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/26—Electric devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D27/00—Simultaneous control of variables covered by two or more of main groups G05D1/00 - G05D25/00
- G05D27/02—Simultaneous control of variables covered by two or more of main groups G05D1/00 - G05D25/00 characterised by the use of electric means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/90—Details of database functions independent of the retrieved data types
- G06F16/95—Retrieval from the web
- G06F16/951—Indexing; Web crawling techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
- G06Q10/04—Forecasting or optimisation specially adapted for administrative or management purposes, e.g. linear programming or "cutting stock problem"
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q50/00—Systems or methods specially adapted for specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
- G06Q50/02—Agriculture; Fishing; Mining
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
Abstract
The invention relates to a sunlight greenhouse rolling ventilation system and a control method based on intelligent prediction, comprising an action execution mechanism, a controller and a data processing decision module; the action executing mechanism comprises a roller shutter motor, a film rolling motor, a motor rotating shaft, a telescopic rod and a limiting protection device; the controller comprises a single chip microcomputer, an environment sensor, a memory card, a wifi module, an angle sensor and a motor control circuit; the data processing decision module comprises a historical data query system, a weather forecast query system, a real-time meteorological data acquisition system and a collaborative optimization processing system; in the invention, a data processing decision module generates a scheme for controlling the roller shutter and the ventilation, and a controller sends an instruction to start or close a motor through a motor control circuit to complete the roller shutter and the film rolling task; the invention improves the accuracy of the limit protection stroke: and the condition that the growth of crops is influenced due to the fact that the environmental temperature at the position close to the bottom ventilation port is changed suddenly when the bottom ventilation port is opened under the condition of large temperature difference is avoided by adopting piecewise function control.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to facility agriculture technical equipment, in particular to a rolling shutter ventilation system of a sunlight greenhouse based on intelligent prediction and a control method.
Background
The sunlight greenhouse mainly produces vegetables, plays an important role in the aspects of improving the living standard of urban and rural residents, greatly improving the income of farmers and the like, has a plurality of greenhouses, uses an electric curtain rolling machine to replace manual retraction of straw curtains or quilts of the greenhouses, improves the working efficiency, and adopts a method of installing travel switches at the top end and the low end of the greenhouse to carry out limit protection on a curtain rolling motor in order to improve the safety performance. In order to avoid the influence of the high-temperature and high-humidity environment formed in the closed space of the sunlight greenhouse on the growth of crops, a vent is generally opened at the upper part and the lower part of the greenhouse respectively for natural ventilation. Under the condition of simultaneously opening top ventilation and bottom ventilation, the natural circulation of air intake of the bottom ventilation opening and air exhaust of the top ventilation opening can be formed, so that the closer to the ventilation opening, the larger the wind speed is. Because the bottom ventilation opening is closer to the crops than the top ventilation opening, under the condition that the temperature difference is large, the temperature of the crop growth environment is changed rapidly by opening the bottom ventilation opening, and the crop growth is influenced.
Through the search of documents in the prior art, the stroke limit of the nut-slide block type roller shutter machine disclosed in the patent number "CN201420700040" provides a roller shutter machine stroke limit device which is not easily influenced by weather, wind, frost, rain and snow, but the limit device realizes limit protection through the number of rotation turns of the roller shutter machine, is easily influenced by factors such as thickness change under different weather conditions, and causes the inaccurate stroke of the nut slide block when the roller shutter machine drives the heat preservation to be folded and unfolded. The patent No. CN201610427622.1 discloses a sunlight greenhouse electric film rolling machine comprehensive controller and a control method, and provides the greenhouse electric film rolling machine comprehensive controller and the control method, but does not relate to the problem of cooperative opening of an upper vent and a lower vent. Patent number "CN201310416299" is based on an intelligent rolling shutter machine of image processing technology, which provides an intelligent weather identification system based on weather images, but does not combine historical weather data and weather forecast information, and the problem of judgment delay occurs.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an intelligent prediction-based sunlight greenhouse curtain ventilation system and a control method.
A sunlight greenhouse rolling ventilation system based on intelligent prediction comprises an action execution mechanism, a controller and a data processing decision module.
The action executing mechanism comprises a roller shutter motor, a film rolling motor, a roller shutter motor rotating shaft, a film rolling motor rotating shaft, a telescopic rod and a limiting protection device. One end of the roller shutter motor is connected with a rotating shaft of the roller shutter motor, and the roller shutter motor synchronously rotates to drive the heat preservation quilt to complete a roller shutter rolling and releasing task; the other end of the roller shutter motor is connected with the limiting protection device through the telescopic rod; one end of the film winding motor is connected with a rotating shaft of the film winding motor, and the film winding motor synchronously rotates to drive the film to complete a ventilation task; the other end of the film rolling motor is connected with the limiting protection device through the telescopic rod. The telescopic rod can be freely stretched and retracted and is used for supporting the curtain rolling motor and the film rolling motor; the limiting protection device is used for limiting the stroke of the roller shutter motor and the film rolling motor; the telescopic rods are arranged on the east wall side and the west wall side of the greenhouse; the limiting protection device is arranged on the ground of the northward side of the west wall of the greenhouse, the southeast side of the east wall of the greenhouse and the northward side of the east wall of the greenhouse. The limiting protection device comprises a base, a bearing, a T-shaped support, a protective cover, a screw, an angle measuring disc, a first stroke force arm, a second stroke force arm, a screw column, a second micro switch, a first micro switch and an angle sensor. One end of the base is fixed on the ground; the other end of the base is connected with one end of the T-shaped bracket through the bearing; the other end of the T-shaped bracket is connected with the telescopic rod; the screw column is arranged on the axle center of one end of the T-shaped bracket and can synchronously rotate; the angle measuring disc is fixed on the screw post through the screw; the first stroke force arm and the second stroke force arm are fixed on the screw column through hexagon socket head cap screws and can synchronously rotate; the first microswitch and the second microswitch are fixed on the base; the first stroke force arm can touch the first microswitch and is used for limiting the upper stroke of the roller shutter motor and the film rolling motor; the stroke force arm II can touch the micro switch II, is used for lower stroke limiting protection of the roller shutter motor and the film rolling motor, and is combined with the angle measuring disc to adjust the limiting protection strokes of the roller shutter motor and the film rolling motor by adjusting the positions of the stroke force arm I and the stroke force arm II; a rotating shaft of the angle sensor is fixed on the screw post and is used for positioning the position of the roller shutter motor and the position of the film rolling motor; the protective cover is buckled on the base. The rolling motor, the rolling film motor, the angle sensor, the first microswitch and the second microswitch are connected with the controller through leads.
The controller include singlechip, environmental sensor, RAM card, wifi module, angle sensor and motor control circuit. The environment sensor is used for measuring the temperature, the humidity, the outdoor temperature, the humidity, the illumination intensity, the wind speed and the air pressure in the greenhouse; the memory card is used for storing the running parameter data of the roller shutter and the roller film; the wifi module is used for the man-machine interaction between the single chip microcomputer and a mobile phone or a tablet personal computer and for the communication between the single chip microcomputer and the data processing decision module; the angle sensor is arranged in the limiting protection device and used for measuring the moving angle of the telescopic rod, further positioning the positions of the roller shutter motor and the film rolling motor and determining the opening or closing range of the heat preservation quilt or the film; the motor control circuit comprises a three-phase power supply, an air switch, a fuse, a thermal relay, an intermediate relay and an alternating current contactor. The three-phase power supply is connected with the air switch; the air switch is connected with the fuse; the fuse is connected with the alternating current contactor; the alternating current contactor is connected with a roller shutter motor in the action executing mechanism; the intermediate relay is connected with an alternating current contactor and a film winding motor in the action executing mechanism. The single chip microcomputer controls the forward rotation, the reverse rotation and the stop of the roller shutter motor and the film rolling motor through an intermediate relay and an alternating current contactor. The controller is connected with the data processing decision module through a wired or wireless network.
The data processing decision module comprises a historical data query system, a weather forecast query system, a real-time meteorological data acquisition system and a collaborative optimization processing system. The historical data query system queries the historical meteorological data of the region where the roller shutter ventilation system is located in the last three years through a weather website and transmits the historical meteorological data to the collaborative optimization processing system; the weather forecast inquiring system inquires weather forecast data of 15 days in the future of the area where the roller shutter ventilation system is located through a weather website and transmits the data to the collaborative optimization processing system; the real-time meteorological data acquisition system is used for receiving the on-site meteorological data of the sunlight greenhouse acquired by the environment sensor and storing the on-site meteorological data in the cloud server; the cooperative optimization processing system performs cooperative processing on the three data to optimize and generate an optimal control rolling curtain and ventilation scheme, the control scheme is transmitted to the controller through a wired network or a wireless network, and the controller sends an instruction to start or close the motor through the motor control circuit to complete a rolling curtain or ventilation task.
The control method adopted in the invention comprises the following steps:
the data processing decision module processes three data (local historical meteorological data, weather forecast data and real-time sunlight greenhouse meteorological data) in a coordinated mode, an optimal control rolling curtain and ventilation scheme is generated in an optimized mode, the control scheme is transmitted to the controller through a wired network or a wireless network, the controller sends an instruction to start or close the motor through the motor control circuit to complete rolling curtain and rolling film tasks, and an ECA rule processing mechanism is adopted for the three data in a coordinated mode.
Defining an ECA rule is a triple, defined as R = (E, C, a). Wherein E is an event that activates the rule; c is a condition set used for reflecting different conditions in the environment; a is a set of operations (or actions).
C is generally referred to herein as an object variable. Object variables are the properties or parameters, called variables for short, involved in a data stream that affect the workflow path selection. Variables are denoted by xi, and the set of variables is denoted by X = { X1, X2, \8230;, xk }. The variable xi has a range of values in the domain, represented by the symbol Di.
Define X = { X1, X2, X3}; x1 is historical meteorological data, x2 is local real-time meteorological data, and x3 is weather forecast data.
D1= { local 3 years temperature, humidity, illumination, wind speed data };
d2= { environmental sensor detects temperature indoor temperature, humidity, outdoor temperature, humidity, illumination intensity, wind speed, air pressure };
d3= { local area weather forecast temperature, humidity, illumination, wind speed, air pressure for 15 days in the future };
a = (positive rotation of rolling shutter motor, negative rotation of rolling shutter motor, positive rotation of rolling film motor, negative rotation of rolling film motor) }
E = { rule 1, rule 2}
Rule 1: according to the growth and development period of plants, the temperature and humidity environment in the greenhouse is adjusted through rolling and releasing the curtain and rolling the film.
The method comprises the steps of establishing temperature and humidity tables suitable for crops in different growth and development periods, generating an optimal control rolling curtain and ventilation scheme by a data processing decision module through table lookup, transmitting the control scheme to a controller through a wired network or a wireless network, and sending an instruction by the controller to start or close a motor through a motor control circuit to complete rolling curtain and film rolling tasks. The roller shutter ventilation scheme is as follows:
1) Only after the heat preservation is opened, the ventilation opening is allowed to be opened; only after the vent is closed is the heat retention quilt allowed to close. In the morning, after sunrise and normal weather, the roller shutter is opened after the illumination intensity reaches a preset value L _ up or reaches a preset time _ up; and when the external temperature is lower than the lowest temperature temp _ low for the growth of the crops or reaches the preset time _ down, forcibly opening the curtain.
2) When the temperature difference delta T between the inside and the outside of the greenhouse is larger than or equal to delta T1 (when the temperature difference is larger, the delta T1 is the upper limit of the temperature difference threshold value), the humidity difference delta H between the inside and the outside of the greenhouse is larger than the delta H1 (when the humidity difference is larger, the delta H1 is the upper limit of the humidity difference threshold value), the top ventilation opening is opened, and the size of the ventilation opening is positively correlated with the humidity difference.
The size of the ventilation opening is delta V = al = a · theta · R = k8 · delta H, wherein a is the length of the greenhouse, R is the length of the telescopic rod of the film rolling motor, theta is the moving angle of the telescopic rod of the film rolling motor, and k8 is a proportionality coefficient.
The derivation of θ = k5 · Δ H, k5 being the proportionality coefficient
3) When the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the greenhouse is delta T2< delta T1 (when the temperature difference is small, delta T2 is the lower limit of the temperature difference threshold value), and the humidity difference between the inside and outside of the greenhouse is delta H > delta H1 (when the humidity difference is large), a top vent (formula 1) and a bottom vent are opened
When the delta H is larger than the delta H1, the size delta V = al = a · theta · R = k 9/delta H of the low-pass air opening, wherein a is the length of the greenhouse, R is the length of the telescopic rod of the film rolling motor, theta is the moving angle of the telescopic rod of the film rolling motor, and k9 is a proportionality coefficient.
We conclude that θ = k6/Δ H, k6 is a proportionality coefficient, and the size of the vent is inversely related to the humidity difference.
When Δ H2< Δ H1 (Δ H2 is a humidity difference threshold lower limit), the vent size Δ V = al = a · θ · R = k10 · Δ H, k10 is a proportionality coefficient.
The conclusion is that θ = k7 · Δ H, k7 is a proportionality coefficient, and the size of the vent is positively correlated with the humidity difference.
4) And when the temperature difference delta T between the inside and the outside of the greenhouse is less than delta T2, closing the bottom ventilation opening and the top ventilation opening.
Rule 2: and (3) weather sudden change treatment: the ventilation opening is forcibly closed, the roller shutter motor rotates reversely, and the heat preservation quilt is completely put down.
And (3) judging the sudden change of weather:
the average data value temperature T0, the humidity H0, the illumination intensity L0 and the wind speed V0 in the same time in the last three years; weather forecast data temperature T2, wind speed V2, humidity H2, illumination intensity L2 and air pressure P2; and measuring real-time parameters of temperature T1, humidity H1, illumination intensity L1, wind speed V1 and air pressure P1. According to the following formula
And processing the measured data, wherein K1 is a weighted value (value range of 1-10) of the conditions of rain, snow and the like on the same day in the last three years, K2 is a weighted value (value range of 1-10) of the conditions of rain, snow and the like in weather forecast, K3 is a weighted value (value range of 1-10) of historical data, and K4 is a weighted value (value range of 1-10) of weather forecast data.
And setting a critical value S0 for judging the sudden change of the weather.
When S < S0, the weather is normal.
When S is larger than or equal to S0, the weather sudden change is shown, the ventilation opening is forcibly closed, the roller shutter motor rotates reversely, and the heat preservation quilt is completely put down.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the mechanical structure is optimized: the stroke force arm for controlling the upper stroke and the lower stroke of the motor and the micro switch are arranged at one position, so that the space is saved.
2. The accuracy of the limiting protection stroke is improved: the travel arm of force can be matched with the angle measuring disc to be mechanically adjusted through the hexagon socket head cap screws according to the actual conditions of the sunlight greenhouse.
3. The sunlight greenhouse roller shutter ventilation adopts the cooperative processing of local historical meteorological data, real-time meteorological data and weather forecast data, according to the requirements of the plant growth and development period on temperature and humidity, the optimal roller shutter and ventilation control scheme is optimized and generated, a motor is started to complete the roller shutter and film rolling tasks, and when the weather changes suddenly, a ventilation opening is predicted in advance and is closed in time, and a heat preservation quilt is put down.
4. The ventilation scheme adopts a piecewise function for control, and avoids the condition that the growth of crops is influenced due to the fact that the environment temperature close to the bottom ventilation position is changed suddenly when a bottom ventilation opening is opened under the condition that the temperature difference is large.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the mechanical structure is optimized: the travel force arm for controlling the upper travel and the lower travel of the motor and the microswitch are arranged at the same position, so that the space is saved.
2. The accuracy of the limiting protection stroke is improved: the travel arm of force can be matched with the angle measuring disc to be mechanically adjusted through the hexagon socket head cap screws according to the actual conditions of the sunlight greenhouse.
3. The sunlight greenhouse roller shutter ventilation adopts the cooperative processing of local historical meteorological data, real-time meteorological data and weather forecast data, according to the requirements of the plant growth and development period on temperature and humidity, the optimal roller shutter and ventilation control scheme is optimized and generated, a motor is started to complete the roller shutter and film rolling tasks, and when the weather changes suddenly, a ventilation opening is predicted in advance and is closed in time, and a heat preservation quilt is put down.
4. The ventilation scheme adopts a piecewise function for control, and avoids the condition that the growth of crops is influenced by the rapid change of the environmental temperature close to the bottom ventilation position caused by opening the bottom ventilation opening under the condition of large temperature difference.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an actuator
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a position-limiting protection device
FIG. 4 is a wiring diagram of a motor control circuit
In the figure: 1. a rolling motor 2-1, a rolling motor shaft 2-2, a rolling film motor shaft 3, a telescopic rod 4, a limit protection device 5, a lower vent 6, a rolling film motor 7, a bearing 8, a base 9, a T-shaped support 10, a protective cover 11, a screw 12, a protractor disc 13-1, a stroke force arm I13-2, a stroke force arm II 15, a screw column 16-1, a micro switch I16-2, a micro switch II 18, an angle sensor 14, a three-phase power supply A phase 17 a three-phase power supply B phase 19, a three-phase power supply C phase 20, an upper vent 21, an air switch 22, a fuse 23-1, an alternating current contactor I23-2, an alternating current contactor II 25, a thermal relay 26-1, an intermediate relay I26-2, an intermediate relay II 26-3, an intermediate relay III 26-4, an intermediate relay IV 26-5, an intermediate relay V26-6, an intermediate relay VI 26-7, an intermediate relay VII 27, a direct current power supply cathode 28, a direct current power supply anode 28, a direct current power supply cathode
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures.
A scheme adopted by a sunlight greenhouse rolling and ventilating system based on intelligent prediction comprises an action executing mechanism, a controller and a data processing decision module.
The action executing mechanism comprises a roller shutter motor 1), a film rolling motor 6), a roller shutter motor rotating shaft 2-1), a film rolling motor rotating shaft 2-2), a telescopic rod 3) and a limiting protection device 4). One end of the roller shutter motor 1) is connected with the roller shutter motor rotating shaft 2-1), and synchronously rotates to drive the heat preservation to complete the roller shutter rolling and releasing task; the other end of the roller shutter motor 1) is connected with the limiting protection device 4) through the telescopic rod 3); one end of the film rolling motor 6) is connected with the rotating shaft 2-2 of the film rolling motor, and synchronously rotates to drive the film to complete a ventilation task; the other end of the film rolling motor 6) is connected with the limiting protection device 4) through the telescopic rod 3). The telescopic rod 3) can be freely stretched and retracted and is used for supporting the roller shutter motor 1) and the film rolling motor 6); the limiting protection device 4) is used for stroke limiting protection of the roller shutter motor 1) and the film rolling motor 6); the telescopic rods 3) are arranged on the east wall side and the west wall side of the greenhouse; the limiting protection device 4) is arranged on the ground at the north side of the west wall of the greenhouse, the south side of the east wall of the greenhouse and the north side of the east wall of the greenhouse. The limiting protection device comprises a base 8), a bearing 7), a T-shaped support 9), a protective cover 10), a screw 11), an angle measuring disc 12), a stroke arm I13-1, a stroke arm II 13-2, a screw post 15, a micro switch II 16-2, a micro switch I16-1 and an angle sensor 18. The base 8 is used for fixing the ground; one end of the T-shaped bracket 9 is connected with the telescopic rod 3; the other end of the T-shaped bracket 9 is connected with the base 8 through the bearing 7 and can rotate; the screw column 15 is connected with the T-shaped bracket 9 and can rotate synchronously; the angle measuring disc 12 is fixed on the screw column 15 through the screw 11; the first stroke force arm 13-1 and the second stroke force arm 13-2 are fixed on the screw column 15 through hexagon socket head cap screws and can synchronously rotate; the first microswitch 16-1 and the second microswitch 16-2 are fixed on the base 8; the first stroke force arm 13-1 can touch the first microswitch 16-1 and is used for upper stroke limit protection of the roller shutter motor 1 and the film rolling motor 6, the second stroke force arm 13-2 can touch the second microswitch 16-2 and is used for lower stroke limit protection of the roller shutter motor 1 and the film rolling motor 6, and the first stroke force arm 13-1 and the second stroke force arm 13-2 are adjusted to adjust the limit protection strokes of the roller shutter motor 1 and the film rolling motor 6 by combining the angle measuring disc 12; the rotating shaft of the angle sensor 18 is fixed on the screw column and is used for positioning the positions of the roller shutter motor 1 and the film rolling motor 6; the protective cover 10 can be buckled on the base 8 to protect the screw post 15, the angle measuring disc 12, the screw 11, the first stroke force arm 13-1, the second stroke force arm 13-2, the first microswitch 16-1, the second microswitch 16-2 and the angle sensor 18, so that the rainproof and sun-proof effects are achieved. The rolling curtain motor 1, the rolling film motor 6, the angle sensor 18, the first microswitch 16-1 and the second microswitch 16-2 are connected with the controller through leads.
The controller include singlechip, environmental sensor, RAM card, wifi module, angle sensor 18 and motor control circuit. The environment sensor is used for measuring the temperature, the humidity, the outdoor temperature, the humidity, the illumination intensity, the wind speed and the air pressure in the greenhouse; the memory card is used for storing the running parameter data of the roller shutter and the roller film; the wifi module is used for the man-machine interaction between the single chip microcomputer and a mobile phone or a tablet personal computer and the communication between the single chip microcomputer and the data processing decision module; the angle sensor 18 is arranged in the limiting protection device 4 and used for measuring the moving angle of the telescopic rod 3, further positioning the positions of the roller shutter motor 1 and the film rolling motor 6 and determining the opening or closing range of the heat preservation quilt or the film. The motor control circuit comprises a three-phase power supply A phase 14, a B phase 17, a C phase 19, an air switch 21, a fuse 22, a thermal relay 25, a first intermediate relay 26-1, a second intermediate relay 26-2, a third intermediate relay 26-3, a fourth intermediate relay 26-4, a fifth intermediate relay 26-5, a sixth intermediate relay 26-6, a seventh intermediate relay 26-7, a first alternating current contactor 23-1 and a second alternating current contactor 23-2. The rolling shutter motor 1 is connected with the three-phase power supply A phase 14, the B phase 17 and the C phase 19 through the thermal relay 25, the normally open contact of the alternating current contactor I23-1, the normally open contact of the alternating current contactor II 23-2, the fuse 22 and the air switch 21. A normally open contact of the intermediate relay II 26-2 and a normally open contact of the alternating current contactor I23-1 are connected in parallel to form a branch circuit 1; one end of the branch 1 is connected with a B phase 17 of a three-phase power supply through a normally closed contact of the intermediate relay III 26-3, a normally closed contact of the limit protection device 4 of the microswitch I16-1, which is positioned on the north side of the western wall of the greenhouse, and a coil of the AC contactor I23-1; the other end of the branch 1 is connected with the phase A14 of the three-phase power supply through a normally closed contact of the first intermediate relay 26-1 and a normally closed contact of the thermal relay 25. A normally open contact of the intermediate relay III 26-3 and a normally open contact of the alternating current contactor II 23-2 are connected in parallel to form a branch circuit 2; one end of the branch 2 is connected with a B phase 17 of a three-phase power supply through a normally closed contact of the intermediate relay II 26-2, a normally closed contact of the limit protection device 4 of the micro switch II 16-2, which is positioned on the northward side of the western wall of the greenhouse, and a coil of the alternating current contactor II 23-2; the other end of the branch 2 is connected with the A phase 14 of the three-phase power supply through the normally closed contact of the first intermediate relay 26-1 and the normally closed contact of the thermal relay 25. The common contact of the fourth intermediate relay 26-4 and the fifth intermediate relay 26-5 is connected with the film rolling motor 6 and is positioned at a ventilation opening 20 on the greenhouse; the normally closed contact of the intermediate relay IV 26-4 is connected with the negative electrode 27 of the direct-current power supply; the normally open contact of the intermediate relay IV 26-4 is connected with the positive electrode 28 of the direct-current power supply; the normally closed contact of the intermediate relay IV 26-4 is connected with the normally open contact of the intermediate relay V26-5 through the normally closed contact of the limit protection device 4 which is positioned on the northward side of the east wall of the greenhouse and is provided with the microswitch I16-1; the normally open contact of the intermediate relay IV 26-4 is connected with the normally closed contact of the intermediate relay V26-5 through the normally closed contact of the limit protection device 4 which is positioned on the northward side of the east wall of the greenhouse through the microswitch II 16-2. The common contact of the six intermediate relays 26-6 and the seven intermediate relays 26-7 is connected with the film rolling motor 6 and is positioned at the lower ventilation opening 5 of the greenhouse; the normally closed contact of the intermediate relay six 26-6 is connected with the negative electrode 27 of the direct-current power supply; the normally open contact of the intermediate relay six 26-6 is connected with the positive electrode 28 of the direct-current power supply; the normally closed contact of the intermediate relay six 26-6 is connected with the normally open contact of the intermediate relay seven 26-7 through the normally closed contact of the limit protection device 4 which is positioned on the south-side east wall of the greenhouse through the microswitch I16-1; and a normally open contact of the intermediate relay six 26-6 is connected with a normally closed contact of the intermediate relay seven 26-7 through a normally closed contact of a limit protection device 4 positioned on the south-most side of the east wall of the greenhouse by the micro switch two 16-2. The coils of the first intermediate relay 26-1, the second intermediate relay 26-2, the third intermediate relay 26-3, the fourth intermediate relay 26-4, the fifth intermediate relay 26-5, the sixth intermediate relay 26-6 and the seventh intermediate relay 26-7 are connected with the singlechip, and the singlechip is used for controlling the forward rotation, the reverse rotation and the stop of the roller shutter motor 1 and the film rolling motor 6 through the intermediate relays. The controller is connected with the data processing decision module through a wired or wireless network.
The data processing decision module comprises a historical data query system, a weather forecast query system, a real-time meteorological data acquisition system and a cooperative optimization processing system. The historical data query system queries the historical meteorological data of the region where the roller shutter ventilation system is located in the last three years through a weather website and transmits the historical meteorological data to the collaborative optimization processing system; the weather forecast inquiry system inquires weather data of the area where the roller shutter ventilation system is located in the future 15 days through a weather website and transmits the data to the cooperative optimization processing system; the real-time meteorological data acquisition system is used for transmitting the on-site meteorological data of the sunlight greenhouse acquired by the environment sensor to the network server in a wired or wireless network mode, storing the on-site meteorological data into the cloud server, and transmitting the meteorological data at the current time to the system optimization processing system; the cooperative optimization processing system performs cooperative processing on the three data to optimize and generate an optimal roller shutter control scheme and an optimal ventilation scheme, the control scheme is transmitted to the controller through a wired network or a wireless network, and the controller sends an instruction to start or stop the motor through the motor control circuit to complete a roller shutter or ventilation task. When severe weather such as rain, snow or strong wind occurs, the data processing decision module inquires whether the weather condition exists in the local area at the same time in the past in advance, inquires the weather forecast condition of the local area, and cooperatively optimizes according to the real-time monitored weather data of the local area, predicts in advance and closes the ventilation opening in time and puts down the heat preservation quilt.
The positions of a first stroke force arm 13-1 and a second stroke force arm 13-2 in the limiting protection device 4 are adjusted on site to adjust the limiting protection strokes of a roller shutter motor and a film rolling motor. And a data processing decision module is arranged at the computer end of the server and used for automatically collecting the temperature, humidity, illumination and wind speed of the local area in the last 3 years and the information of the temperature, humidity, illumination and wind speed data of the future weather forecast of the local area, and setting the values of L _ up, time _ up, temp _ low, time _ down, K1, K2, K3, K4, S0, V0, K5, K6 and K7. And measuring values of beta, T1, T2, T3 and T4 on site, transmitting the data to the singlechip in a text form through the mobile phone APP and storing the data in the memory card.
A control method of a rolling curtain ventilation system is introduced by environment regulation and control management of greenhouse grapes.
1) Temperature regulation and control:
the winter buds of the young grape shoots can pass through the natural dormancy stage after 1200-1500 hours at the temperature of 7.2 ℃. Therefore, all ventilation openings in the greenhouse need to be opened in winter, and the grass curtains are covered, so that the grapes naturally sleep earlier. Then raising the room temperature can make germination, flowering and fruit bearing in advance. The lowest temperature before germination is controlled to be more than 5 ℃, the lowest temperature from germination to flowering phase is controlled to be more than 10 ℃, the lowest temperature from 28 ℃ to 32 ℃ is most suitable for the growth of young shoots and the differentiation of flower buds, the temperature rise needs to be gradually carried out, and the temperature rise is too fast, so that the poor development of fruit clusters can be caused; the most suitable temperature of the flowering phase is 18-28 ℃, and the temperature is lower than 14 ℃ to be not beneficial to flowering and pollination; the temperature of the berries is controlled to be about 15 ℃ at night and 25-32 ℃ at day after the berries are colored, so that the coloring of the berries and the increase of the content of soluble solid matters are facilitated. From late April to 2 April, uncovering the straw mat at about 9 am to raise the temperature of the greenhouse by light, covering the straw mat at about 4 pm to keep the temperature, and the specific operation can be adjusted according to the weather conditions; when the temperature is high, the vent is opened to reduce the temperature.
2) And (3) humidity regulation and control:
when the germination reaches the inflorescence extension period, the temperature in the greenhouse is controlled to be about 80%, the flowering period is controlled to be about 50%, the temperature after fruit setting is controlled to be about 60%, and the humidity is controlled by controlling the size of the ventilation opening through the film rolling motor.
Claims (2)
1. A sunlight greenhouse big-arch shelter rolls up curtain ventilation system based on intelligent prediction, characterized by that including acting the actuating mechanism, controller and data processing decision-making module;
the action executing mechanism comprises a roller shutter motor, a film rolling motor, a roller shutter motor rotating shaft, a film rolling motor rotating shaft, a telescopic rod and a limiting protection device; the two film rolling motors are used for respectively controlling the opening and closing of the top vent and the bottom vent; one end of the roller shutter motor is connected with the rotating shaft of the roller shutter motor, and the roller shutter motor synchronously rotates to drive the heat preservation quilt to complete the roller shutter rolling and releasing task; the other end of the roller shutter motor is connected with the limit protection device through the telescopic rod; one end of the film rolling motor is connected with a rotating shaft of the film rolling motor, and the film rolling motor synchronously rotates to drive the film to complete a ventilation task; the other end of the film rolling motor is connected with the limiting protection device through the telescopic rod; the telescopic rod can be freely stretched and retracted and is used for supporting the roller shutter motor and the film rolling motor; the limiting protection device is used for limiting the stroke of the roller shutter motor and the film rolling motor; the telescopic rods are arranged on the east wall side and the west wall side of the greenhouse; the limiting protection device is arranged on the ground at the north side of the west wall, the south side of the east wall and the north side of the east wall of the greenhouse; the limiting protection device comprises a base, a bearing, a T-shaped support, a protective cover, a screw, an angle measuring disc, a first stroke force arm, a second stroke force arm, a screw column, a second microswitch, a first microswitch and an angle sensor; one end of the base is fixed on the ground; the other end of the base is connected with one end of the T-shaped bracket through the bearing; the other end of the T-shaped bracket is connected with the telescopic rod; the screw column is arranged on the axle center of one end of the T-shaped bracket and can synchronously rotate; the angle measuring disc is fixed on the screw column through the screw; the first stroke force arm and the second stroke force arm are fixed on the screw column through hexagon socket screws and can rotate synchronously; the first microswitch and the second microswitch are fixed on the base; the first stroke force arm can touch the first microswitch and is used for limiting the upper stroke of the roller shutter motor and the film rolling motor; the second stroke force arm can touch the second microswitch and is used for lower stroke limit protection of the roller shutter motor and the film rolling motor, and the limit protection strokes of the roller shutter motor and the film rolling motor are adjusted by adjusting the positions of the first stroke force arm and the second stroke force arm in combination with the angle measuring disc; a rotating shaft of the angle sensor is fixed on the screw post and is used for positioning the position of the roller shutter motor and the position of the film rolling motor; the protective cover is buckled on the base; the rolling motor, the film rolling motor, the angle sensor, the first microswitch and the second microswitch are connected with the controller through leads;
the controller comprises a single chip microcomputer, an environment sensor, a memory card, a wifi module, an angle sensor and a motor control circuit; the environment sensor is used for measuring the temperature, the humidity, the outdoor temperature, the humidity, the illumination intensity, the wind speed and the air pressure in the greenhouse; the memory card is used for storing the running parameter data of the roller shutter and the roller film; the wifi module is used for the man-machine interaction between the single chip microcomputer and a mobile phone or a tablet personal computer and for the communication between the single chip microcomputer and the data processing decision module; the angle sensor is arranged in the limiting protection device and used for measuring the moving angle of the telescopic rod, further positioning the positions of the roller shutter motor and the film rolling motor and determining the opening or closing range of the heat preservation quilt or the film; the motor control circuit comprises a three-phase power supply, an air switch, a fuse, a thermal relay, an intermediate relay and an alternating current contactor; the three-phase power supply is connected with the air switch; the air switch is connected with the fuse; the fuse is connected with the alternating current contactor; the alternating current contactor is connected with a roller shutter motor in the action executing mechanism; the intermediate relay is connected with an alternating current contactor and a film winding motor in the action executing mechanism; the single chip microcomputer controls the forward rotation, the reverse rotation and the stop of the roller shutter motor and the film rolling motor through an intermediate relay and an alternating current contactor; the controller is connected with the data processing decision module through a wired or wireless network;
the data processing decision module comprises a historical data query system, a weather forecast query system, a real-time meteorological data acquisition system and a collaborative optimization processing system; the historical data query system queries the historical meteorological data of the region where the roller shutter ventilation system is located in the last three years through a weather website and transmits the historical meteorological data to the collaborative optimization processing system; the weather forecast inquiring system inquires weather forecast data of 15 days in the future of the area where the roller shutter ventilation system is located through a weather website and transmits the data to the collaborative optimization processing system; the real-time meteorological data acquisition system is used for receiving the on-site meteorological data of the sunlight greenhouse acquired by the environment sensor and storing the on-site meteorological data to the cloud server; the cooperative optimization processing system performs cooperative processing on the three data to optimize and generate an optimal control rolling curtain and ventilation scheme, the control scheme is transmitted to the controller through a wired network or a wireless network, and the controller sends an instruction to start or close the motor through the motor control circuit to complete a rolling curtain or ventilation task.
2. The intelligent prediction based control method of the ventilation system of the roller shutter of the solar greenhouse as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the data processing decision module processes local historical meteorological data, weather forecast data and real-time sunlight greenhouse meteorological data in a coordinated manner to generate a control rolling curtain and a ventilation scheme, the control scheme is transmitted to the controller through a wired network or a wireless network, the controller sends an instruction to start or close a motor through a motor control circuit to complete rolling curtain and film rolling tasks, and an ECA rule processing mechanism is adopted for the three data coordinated processing;
defining an ECA rule as a triple, defined as R = (E, C, a); wherein E is an event that activates the rule; c is a condition set used for reflecting different conditions in the environment; a is an operation set or an action set;
c is referred to herein generically as an object variable; the object variables are the characteristics or parameters related in the data stream and influencing the selection of the workflow path, and are called variables for short; the variables are expressed by xi, and the set of variables is X = { X1, X2, \8230;, xi }; the value range of the variable xi is a domain and is represented by a symbol Di;
define X = { X1, X2, X3}; x1 is historical meteorological data, x2 is local real-time meteorological data, and x3 is weather forecast data;
d1= { local 3 years temperature, humidity, illumination, wind speed data };
d2= { environmental sensor detects temperature indoor temperature, humidity, outdoor temperature, humidity, illumination intensity, wind speed, air pressure };
d3= { local 15 days in the future weather forecast temperature, humidity, illumination, wind speed, air pressure };
a = { curtain rolling motor corotation, curtain rolling motor reversal, film rolling motor corotation, film rolling motor reversal };
e = { rule 1, rule 2};
rule 1: according to the growth and development period of plants, the temperature and humidity environment in the greenhouse is adjusted through a rolling curtain and a rolling film;
establishing a temperature and humidity table suitable for crops in different growth and development periods, generating an optimal control rolling curtain and ventilation scheme by a data processing decision module through table lookup, transmitting the control scheme to a controller through a wired network or a wireless network, and sending an instruction by the controller to start or stop a motor through a motor control circuit to complete rolling curtain and film rolling tasks; the roller shutter ventilation scheme is as follows:
1) Only after the heat preservation is opened, the ventilation opening is allowed to be opened; only after the vent is closed, the heat preservation quilt is allowed to be closed; in the morning, after sunrise and normal weather, the roller shutter is opened after the illumination intensity reaches a preset value L _ up or reaches a preset time _ up; forcibly placing the curtain when the external temperature is lower than the lowest temperature temp _ low of the crop growth or reaches the preset time _ down;
2) When the temperature difference delta T between the inside and the outside of the greenhouse is larger than or equal to delta T1, the delta T1 is the upper limit of the temperature difference threshold, the humidity difference delta H between the inside and the outside of the greenhouse is larger than the delta H1, the delta H1 is the upper limit of the humidity difference threshold, the top ventilation opening is opened, and the size of the ventilation opening is positively correlated with the humidity difference;
the size of the ventilation opening is delta V = al = a · theta · R = k8 · delta H, wherein a is the length of the greenhouse, R is the length of the telescopic rod of the film rolling motor, theta is the movement angle of the telescopic rod of the film rolling motor, and k8 is a proportionality coefficient;
deducing theta = k5 · Δ H, wherein k5 is a proportionality coefficient;
3) When the temperature difference delta T2 between the inside and the outside of the greenhouse is less than delta T < delta T1, delta T2 is the lower limit of the temperature difference threshold, the humidity difference delta H between the inside and the outside of the greenhouse is greater than delta H1, and a top ventilation opening is opened as shown in a formula 1 and a bottom ventilation opening;
when the delta H is larger than the delta H1, the size delta V = al = a · theta · R = k 9/delta H of the bottom ventilation opening, wherein a is the length of the greenhouse, R is the length of the telescopic rod of the film rolling motor, theta is the moving angle of the telescopic rod of the film rolling motor, and k9 is a proportionality coefficient;
deducing theta = k 6/delta H, wherein k6 is a proportionality coefficient, and the size of the ventilation opening is inversely related to the humidity difference;
when Δ H2< Δ H1, Δ H2 is the humidity difference lower threshold, the vent size Δ V = al = a · θ · R = k10 · Δ H, k10 is a proportionality coefficient;
the fact that theta = k7 · Δ H, k7 is a proportionality coefficient, and the size of the ventilation opening is positively correlated with the humidity difference is deduced;
4) When the temperature difference delta T between the inside and the outside of the greenhouse is less than delta T2, closing a bottom ventilation opening and a top ventilation opening;
rule 2: and (3) weather sudden change treatment: the ventilation opening is forcibly closed, the roller shutter motor rotates reversely, and the heat preservation quilt is completely put down;
and (3) judging the sudden change of weather:
the average data value temperature T0, the humidity H0, the illumination intensity L0 and the wind speed V0 in the same time in the last three years; weather forecast data temperature T2, wind speed V2, humidity H2, illumination intensity L2 and air pressure P2; measuring real-time parameters of temperature T1, humidity H1, illumination intensity L1, wind speed V1 and air pressure P1; according to the following formula
Processing the measured data, wherein K1 is the weighted value of the conditions of rain, snow and the like on the same day in the last three years, the value range is 1-10, K2 is the weighted value of the conditions of rain, snow and the like in weather forecast, the value range is 1-10, K3 is the weighted value of historical data, K4 is the weighted value of weather forecast data, and the value range is 1-10;
setting a critical value S0 for judging sudden change of weather;
when S < S0, indicating that the weather is normal;
when S is larger than or equal to S0, the weather is suddenly changed, the ventilation opening is forcibly closed, the roller shutter motor rotates reversely, and the heat preservation quilt is completely put down.
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| CN111165221A (en) * | 2020-01-02 | 2020-05-19 | 上海同魄科技有限公司 | Greenhouse intelligent ventilation facility based on meteorological information and control method thereof |
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| CN112262687A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-01-26 | 牟玉明 | Control system for intelligently controlling sunlight greenhouse |
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