CN106905036A - It is a kind of to add the aerobic humification method of waste dish containing humus river bottom mud high - Google Patents
It is a kind of to add the aerobic humification method of waste dish containing humus river bottom mud high Download PDFInfo
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- CN106905036A CN106905036A CN201710089698.2A CN201710089698A CN106905036A CN 106905036 A CN106905036 A CN 106905036A CN 201710089698 A CN201710089698 A CN 201710089698A CN 106905036 A CN106905036 A CN 106905036A
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- Prior art keywords
- bottom mud
- waste dish
- river bottom
- mud
- humus
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The aerobic humification method of waste dish containing humus river bottom mud high is added the present invention relates to a kind of, following steps are specifically included：River bottom mud or bottom mud in lake are taken, eluent is added, is used to remove heavy metal, then dry to moisture content ＜ 50% river bottom mud or bottom mud in lake after drip washing, be obtained and dry bed mud；Total organic carbon, total organic nitrogen and the C/N ratios for drying bed mud and waste dish being determined respectively, then bed mud being dried and waste dish is well mixed with nitrogen protecting agent, crushed, mixing windrow is obtained；Mixing windrow is fitted into humic storehouse, aerobic humification is carried out using forced ventilation mode, every turning in 58 days once, and the content of total organic carbon, total organic nitrogen and total humic acid in fermentation process is determined, when each component content value stabilization, you can.Compared with prior art, step of the present invention is simple, and economic and practical is good, and the coexistence for realizing river course, bottom mud in lake and waste dish is put, and accelerates humification process, improves the quality of humic fertilizer.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the application technology as the second resource field of organic waste, it is related to a kind of addition bottom containing humus river course high
The aerobic humification method of waste dish of mud.
Background technology
Waste dish refers to fresh vegetables harvesting, process, transport, sell during the residual leaf, residual side and the clean vegetables that abandon add
Leaf, root, stem, fruit and a large amount of inferior vegetables produced during work treatment.As fresh vegetables, waste dish rich in multivitamin,
Mineral matter, carbohydrate, dietary fiber, organic acid and aromatic substance.In many cities, due to lacking effective recovery and utilizing, deposit
Having a large capacity and a wide range, huddle leave about, the random ecological environment problem such as treatment.Therefore, the treatment of waste dish class agricultural organic waste
With the important content that recycling is environmental improvement.
At present, the main utilization ways of waste dish be direct returning to farmland, production biogas, production feed and production humification these four
Approach.In big city, due to the reduction increased with farmland of waste dish quantity, direct returning to farmland has been not enough to dissolve completely, and such is discarded
Thing.And, waste dish complicated component can very likely bring the growth and enrichment of pathogen in digest process, farmland is produced not
The influence of profit.Production biogas is a preferable utilization approaches, but its complex process, condition is harsh, and the waste water for producing
Waste residue needs subsequent treatment.Fodder operation is carried out for some clean waste dish and generally require aseptic condition, it is difficult to extensive
Production.Different from above-mentioned utilization ways, waste dish is changed into fertilizer after organic matter can be become thoroughly decomposed in high temperature in humification process, together
When can also effectively control the propagation of harmful pathogen, be an effective way for recycling.
However, traditional humification method is present heating up slowly, high temperature period is short, the humification time is long and not thorough etc. asking of becoming thoroughly decomposed
Topic, can not meet growing large-scale production needs.And the shortage of inorganic matter is often unfavorable for that some are degraded in waste dish
The breeding of sexual function microorganism, causes partial organic substances to be degraded and using not thorough.In order to shorten the time and improve the fertilizer of product
Effect, some physics, chemistry and biological means are frequently used to accelerate digest process.
The Chinese patent of Application No. 201510134696.1 discloses a kind of using the preparation of dealing with earthworm vegetable castoff
The method of organic fertilizer, its step includes：First in ventilation and physical features esplanade, vegetable castoff is removed into heap after the removal of impurity
Put into vegetable castoff heap body；Then vegetable castoff spontaneous fermentation under the microbial action for itself containing, timing turning,
Period, compost temperature is up to 60-75 DEG C.After 30-45 days, the moisture content of vegetable castoff drops to 40-60%；Finally obtaining
Vegetable castoff in be inoculated with compatriot love earthworm, during this period keep vegetable castoff moisture content be 40-60%, until vegetables
Untill discarded object becomes thoroughly decomposed, earthworm is separated from vegetable castoff.Technical scheme disclosed in above-mentioned patent is mainly used
Dealing with earthworm vegetable castoff prepares organic fertilizer, improves nutritive element content in humification product, reduces fertilizer in use
N, the loss of P element and its potential pollution that causes, but the above method needs to separate earthworm from organic fertilizer, and operation is more numerous
It is trivial.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is exactly to provide a kind of efficiently quick for the defect for overcoming above-mentioned prior art to exist, and can be had
Effect accelerates humification process, improves humification product quality, realizes addition bottom containing humus river course high of waste dish recycling
The aerobic humification method of waste dish of mud, is used to solve that traditional waste dish humification time is long, halfway technical problem of becoming thoroughly decomposed.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of to add the aerobic humification method of waste dish containing humus river bottom mud high, the method specifically includes following step
Suddenly：
Step (1)：Take river bottom mud or bottom mud in lake, add eluent, in being used to remove river bottom mud or bottom mud in lake
Heavy metal, then the river bottom mud or bottom mud in lake after drip washing are dried to moisture content ＜ 50%, be obtained dry bed mud；
Step (2)：Total organic carbon, total organic nitrogen and the C/N ratios for drying bed mud and waste dish are determined respectively, then will dry bottom
Mud and waste dish are well mixed with nitrogen protecting agent, crush, and mixing windrow is obtained；
Step (3)：Mixing windrow is fitted into humic storehouse, aerobic humification is carried out using forced ventilation mode, every 5-8
Its turning once, and determines the content of total organic carbon, total organic nitrogen and total humic acid in fermentation process, treats that each component content value is steady
Regularly, you can.
River bottom mud or bottom mud in lake and the volume ratio of eluent described in step (1) are 1:1-2.
Described eluent includes one or more in surfactant, organic acid or high-molecular chelating agent.
Used as preferred technical scheme, described eluent is selected from commercially available rhamnolipid solution or citric acid solution.
Described river bottom mud or bottom mud in lake be take from clean river course or clean lake-bottom containing the greyish black of humus
Color shale.
The bed mud that dries described in step (2) is 1 with the mass ratio of waste dish:4-10.
Nitrogen protecting agent described in step (2) accounts for the 0.5-1% for drying bed mud and waste dish gross mass.
Described nitrogen protecting agent includes one or more in acidic montmorillonite, calcium superphosphate or magnesium hydroxide.
10 μm of the particle diameter ＜ of the mixing windrow described in step (2), moisture content is 60-70%.
The C/N ratios of described mixing windrow are 25-35:1.
Forced ventilation mode described in step (3) is：Set blower fan intermittent aeration frequency open for 0.5~2.0min/9.5~
8.0min is closed, and the actual vent flow of correspondence is 0.8~3.2L/min.
Step (3) can also use static humified mode in the inventive method.
The mentality of designing of the inventive method is the shale that becomes thoroughly decomposed deposited for a long time using river with microbial action, its particle compared with
It is small, containing abundant microorganism and humus, while certain inorganic matter composition, in humification process, bed mud can be provided
Loose structure is conducive to the diffusion of air, is also easy to be adhered to by microorganism, moreover it is possible to provide some inorganic microelements, adjusts heap body
Moisture and carbon-nitrogen ratio so that solve the problems, such as waste dish humification exist moisture content it is high, carbon-nitrogen ratio is low, aeration is poor.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the characteristics that：
1) river bottom mud or bottom mud in lake for using are a kind of humic shales containing nitrogen high, phosphorus, not only containing abundant
Microorganism, and specific surface is big, is conducive to the diffusion of air, is also easy to be adhered to by microorganism, while it is inorganic micro- to provide some
Secondary element, accelerates digest process and improves humification level；
2) can simultaneously solve to be dissolved while river course, bottom mud in lake and waste dish, realize that the coexistence of waste is put；
3) river bottom mud or bottom mud in lake can be improved into the nitrogen phosphorus level of humification product as humified additive,
Increase fertilizer efficiency, be conducive to follow-up popularization and application, with good economic results in society.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the inventive method process chart；
Fig. 2 is to add river bottom mud and be not added with humic acid in the waste dish humification process of river bottom mud in embodiment 2 to become
Change tendency chart；
Fig. 3 is to add bottom mud in lake and be not added with humic acid in the waste dish humification process of bottom mud in lake in embodiment 3 to become
Change tendency chart.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1
Technological process such as Fig. 1 institutes of the present embodiment waste dish aerobic humification method of the addition containing humus river bottom mud high
Show, specifically include following steps：
Step (1)：River bottom mud is taken, eluent is added, is used to remove the heavy metal in river bottom mud, then by after drip washing
River bottom mud dry to moisture content ＜ 50%, be obtained dry bed mud；
Step (2)：Total organic carbon, total organic nitrogen and the C/N ratios for drying bed mud and waste dish are determined respectively, then will dry bottom
Mud and waste dish are well mixed with nitrogen protecting agent, crush, and mixing windrow is obtained；
Step (3)：Mixing windrow is fitted into humic storehouse, aerobic humification is carried out using forced ventilation mode, every 5 days
Turning once, and determines the content of total organic carbon, total organic nitrogen and total humic acid in fermentation process, treats each component content value stabilization
When, you can.
Wherein, river bottom mud and the volume ratio of eluent are 1 in step (1):2, commercially available BA- is selected from using eluent
806, river bottom mud is the grey black shale containing humus for taking from clean bottom of river channel.
It is 1 that bed mud is dried in step (2) with the mass ratio of waste dish:4, nitrogen protecting agent is accounted for and dries bed mud with waste dish gross mass
0.5%.Nitrogen protecting agent is acidic montmorillonite.
10 μm of the particle diameter ＜ of the obtained mixing windrow of step (2), moisture content is that 60%, C/N ratios are 25:1.
Forced ventilation mode is in step (3)：Blower fan intermittent aeration frequency is set for 2.0min opens/8.0min passes, correspondence
Actual vent flow is 3.2L/min.
Embodiment 2
Shanghai City river bottom mud 10kg is taken, the rhamnolipid solution of 10L 1mol/L is added, 24h is soaked in upset, then
Filtering, dries to moisture content and is less than 50%.Measure dries TC (total carbon), TN (total nitrogen) and the C/N ratios of bed mud and waste dish, then,
Bed mud, waste dish will be dried according to 1:5 ratios are well mixed and crush, and make mixing windrow particle diameter less than 10 microns, and moisture content is
60%, C/N ratio are 30:1.Add a small amount of calcium superphosphate simultaneously to mix, mixing windrow is fitted into big fermentation cabin, using persistently leading to
The mode of wind mode carries out aerobic humification, and every turning in 7 days is once.Determine the total content of humic acid in fermentation process, Dang Gecheng
Point content obtains humification product when basicly stable.
Meanwhile, waste dish 60kg is taken, without bed mud, other operations are same as described above.
The effect of the present embodiment is shown in Fig. 2.
Embodiment 3
Shanghai City bottom mud in lake 10kg is taken, the citric acid solution of 10L 1mol/L is added, 24h is soaked in upset, then mistake
Filter, dries to moisture content and is less than 50%.Measure dries TC (total carbon), TN (total nitrogen) and the C/N ratios of bed mud and waste dish, then, will
Bed mud, waste dish are dried according to 1:5 ratios are well mixed and crush, and make mixing windrow particle diameter less than 10 microns, and moisture content is 60%,
C/N ratios are 30:1.Add a small amount of calcium superphosphate and mix, mixing windrow is fitted into big fermentation cabin, using constant ventilation side
The mode of formula carries out aerobic humification, and every turning in 7 days is once.The total content of humic acid in fermentation process is determined, when each composition contains
Humic fertilizer is obtained when measuring basicly stable.
Meanwhile, waste dish 60kg is taken, without bed mud, other operations are same as described above.
The present embodiment effect is shown in Fig. 3.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment waste dish aerobic humification method of the addition containing humus river bottom mud high, specifically includes following steps：
Step (1)：River bottom mud is taken, eluent is added, is used to remove the heavy metal in river bottom mud, then by after drip washing
River bottom mud dry to moisture content ＜ 50%, be obtained dry bed mud；
Step (2)：Total organic carbon, total organic nitrogen and the C/N ratios for drying bed mud and waste dish are determined respectively, then will dry bottom
Mud and waste dish are well mixed with nitrogen protecting agent, crush, and mixing windrow is obtained；
Step (3)：Mixing windrow is fitted into humic storehouse, aerobic humification is carried out using forced ventilation mode, every 8 days
Turning once, and determines the content of total organic carbon, total organic nitrogen and total humic acid in fermentation process, treats each component content value stabilization
When, you can.
Wherein, river bottom mud and the volume ratio of eluent are 1 in step (1):1.6, commercially available gathering is selected from using eluent
Sorb ester, river bottom mud is the grey black shale containing humus for taking from clean bottom of river channel.
It is 1 that bed mud is dried in step (2) with the mass ratio of waste dish:10, nitrogen protecting agent is accounted for and dries bed mud with waste dish gross mass
1%.Nitrogen protecting agent is by volume 1 by acidic montmorillonite and calcium superphosphate:1 mixes.
10 μm of the particle diameter ＜ of the obtained mixing windrow of step (2), moisture content is that 70%, C/N ratios are 35:1.
Forced ventilation mode is in step (3)：Blower fan intermittent aeration frequency is set for 0.5min opens/9.5min passes, correspondence
Actual vent flow is 0.8L/min.
Embodiment 5：
The present embodiment waste dish aerobic humification method of the addition containing humus river bottom mud high, specifically includes following steps：
Step (1)：River bottom mud is taken, eluent is added, is used to remove the heavy metal in river bottom mud, then by after drip washing
River bottom mud dry to moisture content ＜ 50%, be obtained dry bed mud；
Step (2)：Total organic carbon, total organic nitrogen and the C/N ratios for drying bed mud and waste dish are determined respectively, then will dry bottom
Mud and waste dish are well mixed with nitrogen protecting agent, crush, and mixing windrow is obtained；
Step (3)：Mixing windrow is fitted into humic storehouse, aerobic humification is carried out using forced ventilation mode, every 6 days
Turning once, and determines the content of total organic carbon, total organic nitrogen and total humic acid in fermentation process, treats each component content value stabilization
When, you can.
Wherein, river bottom mud and the volume ratio of eluent are 1 in step (1):1.5, commercially available fat is selected from using eluent
Fat acid sorb is smooth, and river bottom mud is the grey black shale containing humus for taking from clean bottom of river channel.
It is 1 that bed mud is dried in step (2) with the mass ratio of waste dish:8, nitrogen protecting agent is accounted for and dries bed mud with waste dish gross mass
0.8%.Nitrogen protecting agent is by volume 1 by acidic montmorillonite and calcium superphosphate, magnesium hydroxide:1:2 mix.
10 μm of the particle diameter ＜ of the obtained mixing windrow of step (2), moisture content is that 68%, C/N ratios are 32:1.
Forced ventilation mode is in step (3)：Blower fan intermittent aeration frequency is set for 1.5min opens/9min passes, correspondence is real
Border vent flow is 1.6L/min.
The above-mentioned description to embodiment is to be understood that and use invention for ease of those skilled in the art.
Person skilled in the art obviously can easily make various modifications to these embodiments, and described herein general
Principle is applied in other embodiment without by performing creative labour.Therefore, the invention is not restricted to above-described embodiment, ability
Field technique personnel announcement of the invention, does not depart from improvement that scope made and modification all should be of the invention
Within protection domain.
Claims (10)
1. it is a kind of to add the aerobic humification method of waste dish containing humus river bottom mud high, it is characterised in that the method is specifically wrapped
Include following steps：
Step (1)：River bottom mud or bottom mud in lake are taken, eluent is added, is used to remove the weight in river bottom mud or bottom mud in lake
Metal, then dries to moisture content ＜ 50% river bottom mud or bottom mud in lake after drip washing, is obtained and dries bed mud；
Step (2)：Determine respectively and dry total organic carbon, total organic nitrogen and the C/N ratios of bed mud and waste dish, then will dry bed mud and
Waste dish is well mixed with nitrogen protecting agent, crushes, and mixing windrow is obtained；
Step (3)：Mixing windrow is fitted into humic storehouse, aerobic humification is carried out using forced ventilation mode, turned over every 5-8 days
Heap once, and determines the content of total organic carbon, total organic nitrogen and total humic acid in fermentation process, treats each component content value stabilization
When, you can.
2. a kind of addition according to claim 1 contains the aerobic humification method of waste dish of humus river bottom mud high, and it is special
Levy and be, the river bottom mud or bottom mud in lake described in step (1) are 1 with the volume ratio of eluent:1-2.
3. a kind of addition according to claim 2 contains the aerobic humification method of waste dish of humus river bottom mud high, and it is special
Levy and be, described eluent includes one or more in surfactant, organic acid or high-molecular chelating agent.
4. a kind of addition according to claim 2 contains the aerobic humification method of waste dish of humus river bottom mud high, and it is special
Levy and be, described river bottom mud or bottom mud in lake is the grey black containing humus for taking from clean river course or clean lake-bottom
Shale.
5. a kind of addition according to claim 1 contains the aerobic humification method of waste dish of humus river bottom mud high, and it is special
Levy and be, the bed mud that dries described in step (2) is 1 with the mass ratio of waste dish:4-10.
6. a kind of addition according to claim 5 contains the aerobic humification method of waste dish of humus river bottom mud high, and it is special
Levy and be, the nitrogen protecting agent described in step (2) accounts for the 0.5-1% for drying bed mud and waste dish gross mass.
7. a kind of addition according to claim 6 contains the aerobic humification method of waste dish of humus river bottom mud high, and it is special
Levy and be, described nitrogen protecting agent includes one or more in acidic montmorillonite, calcium superphosphate or magnesium hydroxide.
8. a kind of addition according to claim 1 contains the aerobic humification method of waste dish of humus river bottom mud high, and it is special
Levy and be, 10 μm of the particle diameter ＜ of the mixing windrow described in step (2), moisture content is 60-70%.
9. a kind of addition according to claim 8 contains the aerobic humification method of waste dish of humus river bottom mud high, and it is special
Levy and be, the C/N ratios of described mixing windrow are 25-35:1.
10. a kind of addition according to claim 1 contains the aerobic humification method of waste dish of humus river bottom mud high, and it is special
Levy and be, the forced ventilation mode described in step (3) is：Set blower fan intermittent aeration frequency open for 0.5~2.0min/9.5~
8.0min is closed, and the actual vent flow of correspondence is 0.8~3.2L/min.
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| CN112159666A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2021-01-01 | 天津华勘环保科技有限公司 | Composite biological cleaning agent for nickel-polluted soil |
| CN113735660A (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2021-12-03 | 株式会社克莱希 | Reasonable method for preparing artificial humus and its application method |
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