CN106905008A - 一种集装箱式堆肥发酵系统 - Google Patents
一种集装箱式堆肥发酵系统 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 7
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010011409 Cross infection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010029803 Nosocomial infection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010564 aerobic fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/907—Small-scale devices without mechanical means for feeding or discharging material, e.g. garden compost bins
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/60—Heating or cooling during the treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
- C05F17/971—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material
- C05F17/979—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material the other material being gaseous
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种集装箱式堆肥发酵系统,具体包括集装箱体(1)、通风管(2)、锥形风嘴(3)、高压风机(4)、臭氧灭菌器(5)、进风口(6)、补水管(7)、排风口(8)、密封门(9)、出料拖布(10)、出料拖布卷轴(11)、加热装置(12)、排水口(13)。本发明结构简单实用,设计合理,使用方便,适用于作物秸秆、畜禽粪便等农业废弃原料制作成堆肥,用于食用菌生产和有机肥制造。由于在集装箱密闭环境内,可以有效控制原料发酵过程中的氧气、温度、水分等技术指标,相比于露天和隧道发酵,大幅提高了工作效率和发酵料的质量。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物质发酵降解、有机废弃物处理领域,着重解决广大农村废弃的农作物秸秆、生活垃圾、禽畜养殖粪便的无害化、资源化处理、减量化处理。利用本装置可将农村大量的秸秆、畜禽粪便、生活垃圾转化成食用菌菌料、有机肥料。
背景技术
每年农业生产产生8亿吨秸秆、26亿吨畜禽粪便、加上蔬菜、林业、农产品加工等废弃物总量高达40多亿吨。由于缺少适合广大农村的、能够兼顾食用菌和肥料生产的高效处理设备,致使这些宝贵资源没能有效利用,造成了浪费和环境污染。由于这些废弃物价值低、收储运成本高,只有开发出适合基层农村的小型专用废弃物处理设备,才能真正将这些废弃物转化成为宝贵财富。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是针对农业生产中大量的秸秆、畜禽粪便等宝贵资源被废弃的问题,提供一种结构简单,使用方便,能适合广大农村的集装箱式堆肥发酵系统。要通过这套系统,把秸秆、畜禽粪便资源全部转化为高价值、高效益的食用菌菌料和替代化肥的有机肥料。解决面源污染的同时,增加农民的收入。
本发明采用的技术方案如下:
秸秆、畜禽粪便、生活垃圾等废弃原料经预湿、混合后由投料机送入发酵箱(1),关闭密封门(9),进行发酵,当温度过高时,启动高压风机(4)将新鲜空气从进风口(6)吸入,经通风管道(2)、锥形风嘴(3)通入发酵原料使其温度降低;当温度过低时,启动两侧的加热装置(12)进行补温。当缺乏水分时,通过补水管(7)进行补充,水分过多时,多余水分经排水口(13)排出;
当原料的发酵过程结束后,由出料拖布卷轴(11)拉动出料拖布(10),将发酵好的原料拖出集装箱体(1)。
每开始一次新的原料发酵前,要通过高压风机(4)进风口处安装臭氧灭菌器(5),对集装箱(1)内进行消毒灭菌。
附图说明
图1是本发明的结构示意图。
图2是本发明的加热装置示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实例对本发明作进一步地说明:
如图1、图2所示,在双孢菇生产中,小麦、玉米、水稻等秸秆添加好各种养分、水分并均匀搅拌后,由进料机输入集装箱内,均匀装入集装箱内,然后将集装箱封闭后进行发酵。
在发酵过程中,当发酵原料中心温度高于周边温度时,启动箱内两侧的加热装置开始加温,使原料周边的温度迅速与中心温度达成一致。当原料温度过高时,高压风机将新鲜空气通入发酵原料,达到强制降温的作用;
在发酵过程中,当原料水分不足时,由喷水管补充水分,当原料水分过多时,多余水分将通过排水孔流出箱外;
在发酵过程中,为防治杂菌的交叉感染,每完成一次原料发酵,都要启动臭氧灭菌器,对集装箱内进行灭菌消毒。
原料在集装箱内完成第一次发酵和第二次发酵后,转动出料拖布卷轴,将置于拖布上的发酵好的原料拖出,然后,运至培养房,接上菌种进行出菇生产。
最后需要明确的是,以上所述的双孢菇应用实例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制,因为本发明可以广泛应用于有氧发酵领域,包括各种废弃秸秆、畜禽粪便、餐馀垃圾、农产品加工废料等转化为有机肥的发酵处理领域。在上述领域中,任何对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围,其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。
Claims (4)
1.一种集装箱式堆肥发酵系统,具体包括集装箱体(1)、通风管(2)、锥形风嘴(3)、高压风机(4)、臭氧灭菌器(5)、进风口(6)、补水管(7)、排风口(8)、密封门(9)、出料拖布(10)、出料拖布卷轴(11)、加热装置(12)、排水口(13)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的集装箱式堆肥发酵系统,其特征在于所述的集装箱体(1)装有高压风机(4),分别与进风口(6)、臭氧灭菌器(5)和通风管道(2)、锥形风嘴(3)相连接,并与排风口(8)想通。
3.根据权利要求1所述的集装箱式堆肥发酵系统,其特征在于所述的集装箱体(1)内顶端装有补水管(7),底部设有排水口(13)两侧设有加热装置(12)。
4.根据权利要求1所述的集装箱式堆肥发酵系统,其特征在于所述的集装箱(1)安装了出料拖布卷轴(11)和出料拖布(10)。
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113511930A (zh) * | 2021-07-09 | 2021-10-19 | 北京四良科技有限公司 | 集装箱式堆肥发酵车间 |
US11254621B2 (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2022-02-22 | Northeast Agricultural University | Vertical gas distribution device for aerobic compost and gas distribution method |
CN114651668A (zh) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-06-24 | 浙江宏业装备科技有限公司 | 一种集装箱隧道发酵系统及其发酵工艺 |
TWI854312B (zh) | 2022-09-26 | 2024-09-01 | 大陸商上海華豐生物科技有限公司 | 高濕度堆肥室蒸氣排水系統 |
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CN204058287U (zh) * | 2014-07-11 | 2014-12-31 | 丹阳圣丽园农业发展有限公司 | 一种堆肥发酵装置 |
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CN205528490U (zh) * | 2015-12-22 | 2016-08-31 | 单文修 | 一种集装箱式堆肥发酵系统 |
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Patent Citations (3)
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CN204058287U (zh) * | 2014-07-11 | 2014-12-31 | 丹阳圣丽园农业发展有限公司 | 一种堆肥发酵装置 |
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11254621B2 (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2022-02-22 | Northeast Agricultural University | Vertical gas distribution device for aerobic compost and gas distribution method |
CN113511930A (zh) * | 2021-07-09 | 2021-10-19 | 北京四良科技有限公司 | 集装箱式堆肥发酵车间 |
CN114651668A (zh) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-06-24 | 浙江宏业装备科技有限公司 | 一种集装箱隧道发酵系统及其发酵工艺 |
CN114651668B (zh) * | 2022-05-07 | 2023-09-12 | 浙江宏业装备科技有限公司 | 一种集装箱隧道发酵系统及其发酵工艺 |
TWI854312B (zh) | 2022-09-26 | 2024-09-01 | 大陸商上海華豐生物科技有限公司 | 高濕度堆肥室蒸氣排水系統 |
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