CN106900431A - Canker of apple fruit prevention and controls based on the strong tree vigo(u)r of training - Google Patents
Canker of apple fruit prevention and controls based on the strong tree vigo(u)r of training Download PDFInfo
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- CN106900431A CN106900431A CN201710129130.9A CN201710129130A CN106900431A CN 106900431 A CN106900431 A CN 106900431A CN 201710129130 A CN201710129130 A CN 201710129130A CN 106900431 A CN106900431 A CN 106900431A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
- C05F11/02—Other organic fertilisers from peat, brown coal, and similar vegetable deposits
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of canker of apple fruit prevention and controls based on the strong tree vigo(u)r of training, autumn basal dressing is carried out mid-September, on the basis of original fertilising, more than life in 10 years enrich biological organic fertilizer and potash fertilizer;Respectively in mid-March, mid-June, mid-August, tree nutrient solution is smeared to trunk and bough;Pruning period is postponed, shortens wound healing time, reduce the susceptible probability of wound, and saw kerf is cut in protection in time;Respectively at the beginning of 3 months and late October, clear garden is sprayed, reduce tree body and carry disease germs quantity, while increasing trunk infusion;Disease scar is struck off, trunk is whitewashed, prevention frost damage, reduce the generation of rot.The present invention is centered on cultivating tree vigo(u)r, improve tree body resistance, put prevention first, scrape Synthetical prevention method supplemented by scar of curing the disease, during preventing and treating, by increasing trunk infusion, reduce tree body using the clear garden of green medicament and carry disease germs quantity, greatly reduce the consumption of chemical pesticide, the purpose of green prevention and control is reached, preventing and treating rot disease rate is up to more than 95%, and effect is obvious.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to pest and disease control of fruit trees technical field, more particularly to a kind of canker of apple fruit based on the strong tree vigo(u)r of training
Prevention and controls.
Background technology
Canker of apple fruit is common a kind of disease in the production management of orchard, be cause to ruin garden most important reason it
One.Canker of apple fruit is a kind of thryptophytism fungi, and germ is with mycelium, conidium and the shell of ascus in fruit tree scab or sick scar
Wooden inside is survived the winter, and scab produces conidium in early spring, and spore is propagated with wind and rain, from cutting saw kerf, frostbite mouthful, disease pest after sprouting
Wound etc. or leaf scar, Guo Tai, carpopodium trace, rhytidome with dead tissue etc. invade tree body, are hidden after intrusion, in spring and autumn table
Reveal onset peak.
The pathogenic factors of canker of apple fruit mainly has following four:One is excessive Load amount of tree, and " biennial bearing phenomenon " is tight
Weight;Two is that tree body is subjected to freeze injury, and tree vigo(u)r dies down, premunition reduction;Three is not enough fertilising, and especially phosphorus potash fertilizer is insufficient;Four
It is to prune improper or overweight, causes wound many, do not disinfect in time, condition is created to germ immersion.
At present, it is for the defect that the preventing and treating of canker of apple fruit is present:Chemical prevention is mainly used first, largely continually
Applying pesticides, destroy orchard environment, fruit security presence hidden danger;Secondly, based on controlling, in case supplemented by, do not abide by completely
Occurrence regularity according to canker of apple fruit is prevented and treated, and causes dosage to increase, and frequency of administration increases, and preventive effect is low;Again, prevent
Control and only disease is cured the disease, strengthened without paying attention to tree body training in itself, carrying out prevention and control not over the disease resistance for improving tree body rots
Disease.However, the generation of canker of apple fruit is in close relations with tree vigo(u)r, tree vigo(u)r is strong, although germ can hide for a long time, is difficult hair
Disease, tree vigo(u)r is weak, falls ill quickly.Therefore, by enriching biological organic fertilizer and potash fertilizer, Growing season tree body smears nutrient solution, improves
Tree body disease resistance, the preventing and treating for carrying out canker of apple fruit using the technology centered on strong tree vigo(u)r is a kind of green Prevention Technique,
Fruit safety in production, Apple Industry sustainable development, agricultural environment are significant in developing in a healthy way.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of canker of apple fruit prevention and controls based on the strong tree vigo(u)r of training, it is intended to solve existing
Technology mainly uses chemical prevention, largely continually applying pesticides, destroys orchard environment, fruit security presence hidden danger;With
Based on controlling, in case supplemented by, prevented and treated without the occurrence regularity completely in accordance with canker of apple fruit, cause dosage to increase, apply
Frequency increases, and preventive effect is low;Preventing and treating is only to be cured the disease with regard to disease, is strengthened without paying attention to tree body training in itself, not over raising
The disease resistance of tree body carrys out the problem of prevention and control canker of apple fruit.
The present invention is achieved in that the canker of apple fruit prevention and controls based on the strong tree vigo(u)r of training, and the method includes following step
Suddenly:
(1)Fertilising
Mid-September carries out autumn basal dressing, on the basis of original fertilising, 10 years it is raw more than into age tree body, enriching biology has
Machine fertilizer and potash fertilizer.
(2)Smear tree nutrient solution
Respectively in mid-March, mid-June, mid-August, tree nutrient solution is smeared to trunk and bough, to improve trunk infusion.
(3)Postpone the pruning phase
Pruning period is postponed, shortens wound healing time, reduce the susceptible probability of wound, and protected in time clearly with Wound protective agent bacterium
Cut saw kerf,.
(4)Spray clear garden
Respectively at the beginning of 3 months and late October, tree uniformly sprays clear garden entirely to set health liquid with 100-200 times, reduces tree body band bacterium number
Amount, while increasing trunk infusion.
(5)Strike off disease scar
(6)Trunk is whitewashed
November early and middle ten dayses, carry out trunk and whitewash with white-out agent, prevention frost damage, reduce the generation of rot.
Further, the step(1)The middle biological organic fertilizer amount of enriching is 10 kg/ plants, in biological organic fertilizer:It is effectively living
Bacterium number >=0.2 hundred million/g, the content of organic matter >=40%.
Further, the step(1)The middle preferred potassium fulvate of potash fertilizer, the amount of enriching is 0.5 kg/ plants.
Further, the step(2)Middle tree nutrient solution is 50 times of tree health liquids.
Further, the step(2)Middle tree nutrient solution is 100 times of 20% potassium fulvate.
Further, the step(5)In strike off disease scar after, need to clearly be smeared at disease scar with bacterium, interval smear 1 again within 15 days
It is secondary, apply 2 times altogether.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
(1)Centered on cultivating tree vigo(u)r, tree body resistance, the method for the Synthetical prevention canker of apple fruit puted prevention first are improved.
(2)During preventing and treating, by increasing trunk infusion, the consumption of chemical pesticide is reduced, accomplished essentially without chemistry
Medicament, has reached the purpose of green prevention and control.
(3)Reduce tree body during preventing and treating to carry disease germs quantity, to scrape the preventing control method that scar of curing the disease is auxiliary.
(4)Preventing and treating rot disease rate is up to more than 95% in Longdong area is tested, and effect is obvious.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
The embodiment of the present invention provides the canker of apple fruit prevention and controls based on the strong tree vigo(u)r of training, with reference to specific embodiment pair
Application principle of the invention is further described.
Embodiment 1
Test period is in October, -2016 in March, 2011, and test site is Gansu the major apple production area Pingliang Jingchuan County scud township
The Yuan Dynasty village(National Apple Industry technical system Pingliang apple compbined test station Jingchuan experiment garden), experimental plot area is 12 mu, right
It it is 1 mu according to experimental plot area, experiment kind is Nagafu No.2 apple, and the age of tree is 20 years.
First, following technology is taken in experimental plot:
(1)Fertilising
Mid-September carries out autumn basal dressing, on the basis of original fertilising, enriches kg/ plants of biological organic fertilizer 10, biological organic
In fertilizer:Living bacteria count >=0.2 hundred million/g, the content of organic matter >=40%;Enrich kg/ plants of potassium fulvate 0.5.
(2)Smear tree nutrient solution
Respectively in mid-March, mid-June, mid-August, 50 times of tree health liquids are smeared trunk and bough, to improve tree body battalion
Support, strengthen tree vigo(u)r.
(3)Postpone the pruning phase
Postpone as far as possible pruning period, this area postpones till mid or late Febuary pruning, and saw is cut in protection in time clearly with Wound protective agent bacterium
Mouthful because 80% rot occurs cutting saw kerf, and winter cut saw kerf infection rot probability it is bigger.
(4)Spray clear garden
At the beginning of 3 months and late October, with 100 times of tree health liquids, tree uniformly sprays clear garden entirely, is carried disease germs quantity with reducing tree body,
Increase trunk infusion simultaneously.
(5)Strike off disease scar
After thoroughly striking off disease scar in time, smeared clearly at disease scar with bacterium, interval is smeared 1 time for 15 days again, is applied 2 times altogether.
(6)Trunk is whitewashed
November early and middle ten dayses, carry out trunk and whitewash with white-out agent, prevention frost damage, reduce the generation of rot.
2nd, following technology is taken in control field:
(1)Fertilising
Mid-September carries out autumn basal dressing.
(2)The pruning phase is not postponed, is pruned mid-January, and Frank's wound commonly used with current fruit tree Wound protection
Consolidant smears protection wound in time.
(3)Spray clear garden
It is complete at the beginning of 3 months using chemical agent Baume degrees lime sulfur and thiophanate-methyl that the prevention of current fruit tree putrefaction disease is conventional
Tree sprays 5 Baume degrees lime sulfurs, and late October tree body sprays 1000 times of 70% thiophanate-methyl.
(4)Strike off disease scar
After thoroughly striking off disease scar in time, smeared at sick scar with Frank's Wound-healing agent.
Test result indicate that, the control rate of the canker of apple fruit in experimental plot is 95.6%, and compare the canker of apple fruit in field
Control rate is only 65.3%.
Embodiment 2
Test period is in October, -2016 in March, 2011, and test site is Gansu Jingning county town Wu Miao villages of river township(National apple
Industry's technology system Pingliang apple compbined test station Jingning experiment garden), experimental plot area is 16 mu, and check experiment field area is 1
Mu, experiment kind is Nagafu No.2 apple, and the age of tree is 15 years.
First, following technology is taken in experimental plot:
(1)Fertilising
Mid-September carries out autumn basal dressing, on the basis of original fertilising, enriches kg/ plants of biological organic fertilizer 10, biological organic
In fertilizer:Living bacteria count >=0.2 hundred million/g, the content of organic matter >=40%;Enrich kg/ plants of potassium fulvate 0.5.
(2)Smear tree nutrient solution
Respectively at mid-March, mid-June, mid-August, 100 times of 20% potassium fulvate is smeared to trunk and bough, to improve tree body
Nutrition, strengthens tree vigo(u)r.
(3)Postpone the pruning phase
Postpone as far as possible pruning period, this area postpones till mid or late Febuary pruning, and saw is cut in protection in time clearly with Wound protective agent bacterium
Mouthful because 80% rot occurs cutting saw kerf, and winter cut saw kerf infection rot probability it is bigger.
(4)Spray clear garden
At the beginning of 3 months and late October, with 200 times of tree health liquids, tree uniformly sprays clear garden entirely, is carried disease germs quantity with reducing tree body,
Increase trunk infusion simultaneously.
(5)Strike off disease scar
After thoroughly striking off disease scar in time, smeared clearly at disease scar with bacterium, interval is smeared 1 time for 15 days again, is applied 2 times altogether.
(6)Trunk is whitewashed
November early and middle ten dayses, carry out trunk and whitewash with white-out agent, prevention frost damage, reduce the generation of rot.
2nd, following technology is taken in control field:
(1)Fertilising
Mid-September carries out autumn basal dressing.
(2)The pruning phase is not postponed, is pruned mid-January, and Frank's wound commonly used with current fruit tree Wound protection
Consolidant smears protection wound in time.
(3)Spray clear garden
It is complete at the beginning of 3 months using chemical agent Baume degrees lime sulfur and thiophanate-methyl that the prevention of current fruit tree putrefaction disease is conventional
Tree sprays 5 Baume degrees lime sulfurs, and late October tree body sprays 1000 times of 70% thiophanate-methyl.
(4)Strike off disease scar
After thoroughly striking off disease scar in time, smeared at sick scar with Frank's Wound-healing agent.
Test result indicate that, the control rate of the canker of apple fruit in experimental plot is 96.2%, and compare the canker of apple fruit in field
Control rate is only 67.7%.
Presently preferred embodiments of the present invention is the foregoing is only, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in essence of the invention
Any modification, equivalent and improvement made within god and principle etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the canker of apple fruit prevention and controls of tree vigo(u)r are strengthened based on training, it is characterised in that the method is comprised the following steps:
(1)Fertilising
Mid-September carries out autumn basal dressing, on the basis of original fertilising, 10 years it is raw more than into age tree body, enriching biology has
Machine fertilizer and potash fertilizer;
(2)Smear tree nutrient solution
Respectively in mid-March, mid-June, mid-August, tree nutrient solution is smeared to trunk and bough, to improve trunk infusion;
(3)Postpone the pruning phase
Pruning period is postponed, shortens wound healing time, reduce the susceptible probability of wound, and protected in time clearly with Wound protective agent bacterium
Cut saw kerf;
(4)Spray clear garden
Respectively at the beginning of 3 months and late October, with tree Ankang 100-200 liquid, tree uniformly sprays clear garden entirely, and reduction tree body is carried disease germs quantity,
Increase trunk infusion simultaneously;
(5)Strike off disease scar
(6)Trunk is whitewashed
November early and middle ten dayses, carry out trunk and whitewash with white-out agent, prevention frost damage, reduce the generation of rot.
2. it is according to claim 1 based on the canker of apple fruit prevention and controls for training strong tree vigo(u)r, it is characterised in that the step
(1)The middle biological organic fertilizer amount of enriching is 10 kg/ plants, in biological organic fertilizer:Living bacteria count >=0.2 hundred million/g, the content of organic matter >=
40%。
3. it is according to claim 1 based on the canker of apple fruit prevention and controls for training strong tree vigo(u)r, it is characterised in that the step
(1)The middle preferred potassium fulvate of potash fertilizer, the amount of enriching is 0.5 kg/ plants.
4. it is according to claim 1 based on the canker of apple fruit prevention and controls for training strong tree vigo(u)r, it is characterised in that the step
(2)Middle tree nutrient solution is 50 times of tree health liquids.
5. it is according to claim 1 based on the canker of apple fruit prevention and controls for training strong tree vigo(u)r, it is characterised in that the step
(2)Middle tree nutrient solution is 100 times of 20% potassium fulvate.
6. it is according to claim 1 based on the canker of apple fruit prevention and controls for training strong tree vigo(u)r, it is characterised in that the step
(5)In strike off disease scar after, need to clearly be smeared at disease scar with bacterium, interval smears 1 time for 15 days again, applies 2 times altogether.
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Cited By (4)
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CN108283092A (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2018-07-17 | 山东省果树研究所 | A kind of fruit tree putrefaction disease control method |
CN109673355A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-04-26 | 甘肃省农业科学院林果花卉研究所 | A kind of quick rejuvenating method leading to weak tree body for canker of apple fruit |
CN110396030A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-11-01 | 孙永华 | A kind of soil improvement integrated technology and its application method promoted for farmland quality |
CN115039624A (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2022-09-13 | 浙江大学山东(临沂)现代农业研究院 | Green prevention and control method for peach tree rot disease |
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108283092A (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2018-07-17 | 山东省果树研究所 | A kind of fruit tree putrefaction disease control method |
CN108283092B (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2020-07-14 | 山东省果树研究所 | Fruit tree rot disease control method |
CN109673355A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-04-26 | 甘肃省农业科学院林果花卉研究所 | A kind of quick rejuvenating method leading to weak tree body for canker of apple fruit |
CN110396030A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-11-01 | 孙永华 | A kind of soil improvement integrated technology and its application method promoted for farmland quality |
CN115039624A (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2022-09-13 | 浙江大学山东(临沂)现代农业研究院 | Green prevention and control method for peach tree rot disease |
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Application publication date: 20170630 |