CN106894797A - Crank swing control device and method for oil pumping unit - Google Patents
Crank swing control device and method for oil pumping unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN106894797A CN106894797A CN201710167122.3A CN201710167122A CN106894797A CN 106894797 A CN106894797 A CN 106894797A CN 201710167122 A CN201710167122 A CN 201710167122A CN 106894797 A CN106894797 A CN 106894797A
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- oil pumping
- pumping machine
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- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 241000208340 Araliaceae Species 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000008434 ginseng Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000033999 Device damage Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/12—Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
- E21B43/121—Lifting well fluids
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/12—Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
- E21B43/121—Lifting well fluids
- E21B43/126—Adaptations of down-hole pump systems powered by drives outside the borehole, e.g. by a rotary or oscillating drive
- E21B43/127—Adaptations of walking-beam pump systems
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a crank swing control device and method of an oil pumping unit, which comprises a controller, a frequency conversion device, a motor and the oil pumping unit which are sequentially and electrically connected, wherein the motor is connected with a rotating speed sensor and an electric parameter acquisition module, the oil pumping unit is connected with a load sensor, a displacement sensor and a crank position sensor, and the rotating speed sensor, the electric parameter acquisition module, the load sensor, the displacement sensor and the crank position sensor are all connected to the controller. The invention realizes the oil well interval pumping control by controlling the crank swing of the pumping unit, so that the working system of the pumping unit is in the best working state.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to computer collecting system digitizer field, and in particular to a kind of oil pumping machine crank oscillating control device and
Method.
Background technology
For low yield inefficient well, there are some problems using control is taken out between oil well remote auto：One is larger liquid fluctuating,
Influence yield.Well hydrodynamic face fluctuation range general control is taken out at 100~200 meters between at present, and by field test, influence yield exists
Within 10%, hydrodynamic face fluctuation range controls smaller yield effect smaller.Two is to easily cause wax deposition overload card well, sucker rod
Pumping prevents wax deposition in oil pipe, and the process of oil well suction is also the process of paraffin cutting, easily in tube inner wall after stopping taking out
Wax deposition.Three is the presence of potential safety hazard, and oil pumper is stopped when being again started up, and operating easily causes personnel and livestock to equipment automatically
Injury.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of oil pumping machine crank oscillating control device and method, to overcome in the prior art
Problem, it is to avoid liquid fluctuating scope is big, play certain paraffin cutting and safe warning function, and the present invention is by controlling oil pumper bent
Handle swings, and realizes oil well interval pumping control, oil pumper working system is in optimum Working.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：
A kind of oil pumping machine crank oscillating control device, including be sequentially connected electrically controller, converter plant, motor and take out
Oil machine, be connected with the motor speed probe and electricity ginseng acquisition module, be connected with the oil pumper load transducer,
Displacement transducer and crank position sensor, the speed probe, electricity ginseng acquisition module, load transducer, displacement sensing
Device and crank position sensor are connected to controller.
Further, the load transducer is installed between the polished rod eye of oil pumper and square clamp, when oil pumper motion
When sensor bear oil pumping machine polished rod load, cause internal strain piece to deform, be eventually converted into the load for oil-extractor polish-rod
Lotus changes.
Further, institute's displacement sensors are installed on the walking beam lower section of oil pumper.
Further, the crank position sensor is installed on the crank position of oil pumper.
Further, the speed probe, load transducer, displacement transducer and crank position sensor and controller
Between pass through wirelessly transmitting data.
A kind of oil pumping machine crank weave control method, comprises the following steps：
Step one：Oil pumper load, displacement are gathered by load transducer, displacement transducer and crank position sensor
And crank position data, while gathering motor speed and electrical parameter evidence by speed probe and electricity ginseng acquisition module, realize
To oil pump running condition monitoring；
Step 2：Controller surveys parameter and is analyzed calculating, the work of self-adaptative adjustment crank-swinging according to step one
System, calculates motor operation and dwell time, motor speed, rotating speed distribution and power frequency distribution, and the ginseng that will be calculated
Number is sent to converter plant；
Step 3：Converter plant controls motor running, and then controls oil pumping machine crank to swing.
Further, specifically included in step 2：
A () obtains load and time, displacement and time graph by load and displacement data, and then obtain wellhead polish rod and show
Work(figure, the loss of plunger stroke of the well is obtained according to polished rod indicator card, and loss of plunger stroke size is polished rod motion length, meets sucker rod
Move up and down and oil well pump is stopped, by polished rod motion length conversion to crank full swing amplitude, primarily determine that crank pendulum
Dynamic position and crank-swinging amplitude；There is an angle for substantially swinging sign<Crank-swinging amplitude<Loss of plunger stroke conversion crank pendulum
Dynamic angle；
B () controller is given according to crank-swinging position and the crank position data of crank-swinging amplitude and Real-time Collection
Frequency converter sends instruction, controlled motor rotating speed and driving time, realizes that crank-swinging is tentatively controlled；
(c) in swing process, controller by gathering electrical parameter according to motor power (output) is calculated, and according in swing process
Power minimum obtains crank optimal drive position, and then conversion is distributed to motor operation and dwell time, motor speed, rotating speed
It is distributed with power frequency, and the parameter that will be calculated is sent to converter plant, it is ensured that energy consumption is minimum, only normal operation
10-15%.
Further, constant duration measures data group points no less than 200 in each stroke cycle.
Further, primarily determine that crank-swinging position is upper dead center position in step (a).
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial technique effect：
Apparatus of the present invention are synchronized to realize accurately swinging operation to motor speed, crank position and operation electricity ginseng
Collection, realizes the signal to running status and adopts by motor speed sensor, crank position sensor and electricity ginseng acquisition module
Collection, while being run to complete cycle using controller and swinging operation switching control, is divided operation power, speed when operation is swung
Cloth is calculated, and the real-time adjustment speed of service is entered by frequency converter according to operating energy loss is swung, and crank is found by energy consumption comparison
Amplitude of fluctuation and optimal drive position, realize minimum energy consumption control crank-swinging, it is to avoid during being taken out between conventional oil well, due to
Stop oil well liquid level fluctuation, wax deposition and security hidden trouble that well brings etc..
The control of the inventive method application crank-swinging shuts down the process for waiting instead of being drawn between routine, avoids stop well
Wax deposition and security hidden trouble that well brings, realize automatic well site, safety, unattended pumping row, solve existing
The problem that management difficulty is big, waste time and energy is taken out between field is artificial, underground intermittent recovery is not shut down on ground in addition, can be according to well liquid
Face resume speed determines and adjustment operational factor that the termination of pumping time is short, real according to work(figure degree of filling closed-loop control motor operation speed
Existing oil pumper does not shut down a pumping row, and institute possesses two kinds of control models of power frequency and frequency conversion using system, and can realize power frequency and change
Automatically switch between frequency, device damage does not influence normal production.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is control method schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of control device of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the detailed construction schematic diagram of control device of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is crank-swinging angle calculation flow chart；
Fig. 5 is optimal drive position calculation flow chart；
Fig. 6 is that loss of plunger stroke converts crank-swinging amplitude schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 is electrical parameter according to curve map；
Fig. 8 is that crank runs and time chart.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, oil pumping machine crank oscillating control device includes motor speed sensor and electricity ginseng collection mould
Block, load sensor for oil pumping unit, displacement transducer and crank position sensor, and converter plant and RTU controllers.
The collection oil pumper such as load transducer, displacement transducer, crank position sensor load, displacement, crank position number
According to motor speed sensor, electricity ginseng acquisition module are while synchronous acquisition motor speed and electrical parameter evidence, realize transporting oil pumper
Turn condition monitoring.
RTU controllers are the brain centres that control is taken out between oil pumper is not shut down, and RTU is analyzed according to these acquisition parameters
Calculate, self-adaptative adjustment oil pumper normally runs and do not shut down the working system of crank-swinging, when calculating motor operation and stopping
Between, motor speed and supply frequency distribution.Realize to the collection of oil extractor operating parameter, intellectual analysis and parameter adjustment.
Frequency converter is the critical piece for realizing frequency control, the control instruction that RTU sends is received, by controlling power supply frequently
Rate, the working time so as to controlled motor rotating speed realize do not shut down between take out function, variable-frequency control technique can realize soft starter for motor, right
Power network is without impact.With overvoltage protection, low-voltage protection, overcurrent protection, motor overload protection, frequency converter overtemperature protection and
The defencive functions such as external fault protection.
Present invention collection oil pumper load, displacement, crank position data, while synchronous acquisition motor speed and electrical parameter
According to, to realize to oil pump running condition monitoring, controller is analyzed calculating, self-adaptative adjustment crank-swinging according to these parameters
Working system, calculate motor operation and dwell time, motor speed, rotational speed omega distribution and power frequency f distributions.And by parameter
Converter plant is sent to, converter plant is run by controlled motors such as control electric current frequency, working times, reaches control crank pendulum
Dynamic purpose.Detailed process is as follows：
1. by the load transducer on well head polished rod eye and the displacement transducer below walking beam, to rod-pumped well
Sucker rod load and displacement are measured, and gather load and time, displacement and time graph, between waiting the time in a stroke cycle
200 are no less than every data group points are measured.Gathered data is sent to controller, is calculated by controller RTU and is obtained well head light
Bar indicator card, the loss of plunger stroke of the well can be obtained according to polished rod indicator card, and loss of plunger stroke is equal to the deformation of R a T
Amount sum, loss of plunger stroke size is polished rod motion length, and the length meets sucker rod up and down motion and oil well pump is stopped.
Again by the conversion of polished rod motion length to crank-swinging amplitude, primarily determine that swing position is upper dead center position and crank-swinging width
Degree.
2. crank position sensor, synchronous acquisition crank position, by being wirelessly transferred mould are installed in oil pumping machine crank position
Block sends data to controller RTU.Known swing position is upper dead center position and crank-swinging amplitude, and RTU according to adopting in real time
Collection crank position data, instruction, controlled motor rotating speed and driving time are sent to frequency converter, realize that crank-swinging is tentatively controlled.
Speed probe is installed in motor shaft output, synchronous acquisition motor output shaft rotating speed feeds back to controller RTU.
3. electric energy collection module is also equipped with, it is electromechanical to oil pumping by voltage and current Acquisition Circuit in swing process
The three-phase current of machine, voltage synchronize collection, and collection electrical parameter calculates motor according to transmission to three-phase electric energy quality analysis chip
Power, and power minimum in controller RTU, RTU contrast searching swing process is sent data to, determine optimal drive position
Put, final conversion to motor operation and dwell time, motor speed, rotational speed omega distribution and power frequency f are distributed.And send out parameter
Converter plant is given, converter plant is run by controlled motors such as control electric current frequency, working times, reaches control crank-swinging
Purpose.
The present invention is described in further details with reference to specific embodiment：
Referring to Fig. 4, to realize accurately swinging operation, motor speed, crank position and operation electricity ginseng are synchronized
Collection, realizes the signal to running status and adopts by electricity ginseng acquisition module, motor speed sensor, crank position sensor
Collection, while intelligent controller runs to complete cycle and swings operation switching control, divides operation power, speed when operation is swung
Cloth is calculated, and the real-time adjustment speed of service is entered by frequency converter according to operating energy loss is swung.
Referring to Fig. 6, the loss of plunger stroke of oil well is calculated according to polished rod indicator card first, further according to loss of plunger stroke conversion crank pendulum
Dynamic angle.If the actual stroke of a cycle is 2.5m, loss of plunger stroke is 0.5m, and loss of plunger stroke size is polished rod motion length,
Then polished rod motion length cannot be greater than 0.5m, and only sucker rod athleticism under the length meets oil well pump and is stopped.Light
Bar indicator card represents a stroke, including upstroke and down stroke, and a stroke correspondence polished rod operation 5m, crank rotates a circle
360 degree, loss of plunger stroke 0.5m correspondence polished rod operation 0.5m, the unidirectional full swing angle of crank is 36 degree.
Referring to Fig. 7, three-phase electricity of the voltage and current Acquisition Circuit in acquisition module to motor of oil extractor is joined by electricity
Stream, voltage synchronize collection, and collection electrical parameter according to sending to three-phase electric energy quality analysis chip calculating power of motor, seek by contrast
Power minimum in swing process is looked for, upper dead center position is generally present in, primarily determines that swing position is upper dead center position and song
Handle amplitude of fluctuation.
Referring to Fig. 5, by primarily determining that swing position is upper dead center position and crank-swinging amplitude, motor operation rotating speed is converted
With operation and dwell time.Because every mouthful of well poised state is different, the minimal power values point in swing process is not necessarily upper dead
Point position, it is necessary to further accurate judge, then contrasts power minimum point in swing process, thus determine that optimal drive position
Put.
Final conversion is distributed to motor operation and dwell time, motor speed, rotational speed omega distribution and power frequency f.And will
Parameter is sent to converter plant, and converter plant is run by controlled motors such as control electric current frequency, working times, reaches control bent
The purpose that handle swings.
Shown in the principle such as formula (1) of Frequency Converter Control threephase asynchronous machine actual speed：
N=(1-s) 60f/p (1)
In formula 1, s for threephase asynchronous machine revolutional slip, p for motor magnetic pole logarithm, f be motor stator power supply frequently
Rate, when the timings of p mono-, in the case where the floating of revolutional slip is little, is adjusted to f, and n is changing into positive correlation change with its.
Operation system is small to meet hydrodynamic face fluctuation range, to the minimum target of yield effect, with reference to Real-time Collection
Work(diagram data, according to work(figure degree of filling, carries out short periodic Control.As shown in figure 8, when the time is from 0 to t1When, it is crank complete cycle fortune
Row order section, to reduce speed now after rated speed to 0, the time is from t for motor Accelerating running to rotating speed1To t2When, it is crank-swinging operation
Stage, motor starts to slow down after acceleration reaches a certain setting value, and motor reversal starts to slow down after acceleration reaches a certain setting value, such as
This is repeatedly.Reach t2Moment starts next cycle operating.
Complete cycle runs：Using Rated motor rotating speed, it is ensured that electric efficiency highest.
Swing operation：When crank-swinging runs, control targe is that energy consumption is minimum, i.e., by controlling crank-swinging angle and most
Good swing position, it is ensured that system power consumption is minimum, sign is substantially swung while to meet crank and have.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of oil pumping machine crank oscillating control device, it is characterised in that including be sequentially connected electrically controller, converter plant,
Motor and oil pumper, are connected with speed probe for gathering motor speed and electronic for gathering on the motor
The electricity ginseng acquisition module of electromechanical parameters evidence, is connected with the load sensing for gathering oil pumper load data on the oil pumper
Device, the displacement transducer for gathering oil pumper displacement data and the crank position for gathering oil pumping machine crank position data
Sensor, the speed probe, electricity ginseng acquisition module, load transducer, displacement transducer and crank position sensor are equal
It is connected to controller.
2. a kind of oil pumping machine crank oscillating control device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the load transducer
It is installed between the polished rod eye of oil pumper and square clamp.
3. a kind of oil pumping machine crank oscillating control device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute's displacement sensors
It is installed on the walking beam lower section of oil pumper.
4. a kind of oil pumping machine crank oscillating control device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the crank position is passed
Sensor is installed on the crank position of oil pumper.
5. a kind of oil pumping machine crank oscillating control device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the revolution speed sensing
Pass through wirelessly transmitting data between device, load transducer, displacement transducer and crank position sensor and controller.
6. a kind of oil pumping machine crank weave control method of use claim 1 described device, it is characterised in that including following step
Suddenly：
Step one：Oil pumper load, displacement and song are gathered by load transducer, displacement transducer and crank position sensor
Handle position data, while gathering motor speed and electrical parameter evidence by speed probe and electricity ginseng acquisition module, realizes to taking out
Oil machine operating condition is monitored；
Step 2：Controller surveys parameter and is analyzed calculating according to step one, the working system of self-adaptative adjustment crank-swinging,
Motor operation and dwell time, motor speed, rotating speed distribution and power frequency distribution are calculated, and the parameter that will be calculated sends
To converter plant；
Step 3：Converter plant controls motor running, and then controls oil pumping machine crank to swing.
7. oil pumping machine crank weave control method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that specifically included in step 2：
A () obtains load and time, displacement and time graph by load and displacement data, and then obtain wellhead polish rod and show work(
Figure, the loss of plunger stroke of the well is obtained according to polished rod indicator card, and loss of plunger stroke size is polished rod motion length, long by polished rod motion
Degree conversion primarily determines that crank-swinging position and crank-swinging amplitude to crank full swing amplitude；
(b) controller according to crank-swinging position and the crank position data of crank-swinging amplitude and Real-time Collection, to frequency conversion
Device sends instruction, controlled motor rotating speed and driving time, realizes that crank-swinging is tentatively controlled；
(c) in swing process, controller by gathering electrical parameter according to motor power (output) is calculated, and according to power in swing process
Minimum is worth to crank optimal drive position, and then conversion is distributed and electricity to motor operation and dwell time, motor speed, rotating speed
Stream frequency distribution, and the parameter that will be calculated is sent to converter plant.
8. oil pumping machine crank weave control method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that when being waited in each stroke cycle
Between interval measure data group points no less than 200.
9. oil pumping machine crank weave control method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that primarily determined that in step (a)
Crank-swinging position is upper dead center position.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710167122.3A CN106894797B (en) | 2017-03-20 | 2017-03-20 | Crank swing control device and method for oil pumping unit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710167122.3A CN106894797B (en) | 2017-03-20 | 2017-03-20 | Crank swing control device and method for oil pumping unit |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106894797A true CN106894797A (en) | 2017-06-27 |
| CN106894797B CN106894797B (en) | 2023-02-10 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710167122.3A Active CN106894797B (en) | 2017-03-20 | 2017-03-20 | Crank swing control device and method for oil pumping unit |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107725011A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-02-23 | 百恒石油装备有限公司 | Batch (-type) oil pumper control device and oil pumping system |
| CN109322643A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-02-12 | 西安石油大学 | A kind of partial gear reversing-type pumping unit and method |
| CN111884560A (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2020-11-03 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Constant power control system and method for motor of oil field ultra-long stroke oil pumping unit |
| CN112412403A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-02-26 | 沈岩 | Automatic control method for intermittent pumping period amplitude swing operation of pumping unit by using disc motor |
| CN112855083A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2021-05-28 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Crank swinging device and method for pumping unit well without stopping |
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| CN114876445A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2022-08-09 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Experimental device and experimental method for simulating deformation of sucker rod |
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