CN1369641A - Recognition and control method for affection of sucker rod's dilatation deformation to pmping effect for pumping unit - Google Patents
Recognition and control method for affection of sucker rod's dilatation deformation to pmping effect for pumping unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN1369641A CN1369641A CN 01103957 CN01103957A CN1369641A CN 1369641 A CN1369641 A CN 1369641A CN 01103957 CN01103957 CN 01103957 CN 01103957 A CN01103957 A CN 01103957A CN 1369641 A CN1369641 A CN 1369641A
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- sucker rod
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 37
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 title claims description 36
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title description 6
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010977 unit operation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The present invention relating to an oil extracting technical field with digial control which uses load transducer, current transducer, positional transducer and time calculator to collect the deformation course data signal of load elongating and unload shortening in upper stroke of oil extracting rod and to identify out the relationship of operational balance ratio nbetween deformation of oil extracting rod and operation current, operation load, operation time, operation distance, pump cylinder efficiency as well as oil extractor. The pump cylinder efficiency of deep well pump can be effectively raised by sufficiently utilizing the elastic deformation in move course of oil extracting rod through change of operation dynamic balance, dynamic load, dynamic volocity and dynamic stroke.
Description
The present invention relates to digital control oil recovery technique field.
Oil pumping unit is in the upstroke motion of extraction, and sucker rod is driving piston and moving upward.Head of liquid and closing in travelling valve on the piston is managed.At this moment, in the pump (below the piston) the pressure reduction, standing valve is opened under the effect of annular space head of liquid (pump intake pressure).This stroke is to suck liquid in the pump, and the process of well head drain.The efficient of its discharge degree direct influence pump.The pump efficiency of the present oil pumping unit of China on average has only about 30%, so the efficient that improves pump is the key factor that increases extraction efficient.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of oil pumping unit and take out identification and the controlling method that journey sucker rod dilatation influences pump efficiency.
The present invention realizes that the method that above-mentioned purpose adopts is as follows:
Gather the exact position of oil pumping unit upstroke ground rope hanger operation, the exact position of underground deep-well pump piston operation by position transducer; Gather loading elongation in the rod string up stroke, the deformation process data-signal that unloading is shortened by load transducer, current sensor, position transducer, time calculator; By the actual motion of pumping unit, identify distortion and running current, performance load, working time, range ability and the pump barrel efficient operation equilibrium ratio relation of rod string; Transient equiliblium by adjust changing pumping unit, dynamic load, dynamic speed and dynamic stroke satisfy rod string and freely shake and swing the optimum phase of forcing vibrations that causes with suspension point and cooperate; Take out that Cheng Qidong quickens, operation, slow down stop, in the restart procedure, the distance of the sucker rod load deflection elongation of reading and time point should≤distance and time point that the startup of the ground suspension point set is quickened; The deceleration of ground suspension point stop between commutation point and the backhaul start-up point stop time should 〉=time of sucker rod elastic shrinkage, the actual motion value is compared with setting value, meet and be normal operation, otherwise revise the parameter of setting again, normally move until meeting above-mentioned threshold value near threshold value.
The present invention has following advantage:
1. realized the coupling of automatic identification, control sucker rod resiliently deformable and piston displacement, and sucker rod distortion back roofbolt free vibration and suspension point are swung being complementary of the forced vibration that causes.
2. improve pump efficiency effectively, reduce cost for oil production, improve extraction efficient.
3. prolong the working life of machine, bar, pump.
Oil pumping unit of the present invention is taken out journey sucker rod dilatation, and to influence the identification of pump efficiency and controlling party ratio juris and concrete identification and controlling method as follows:
Oil pumping unit is in the upstroke motion of extraction, and sucker rod is driving piston and moving upward.Head of liquid and closing in travelling valve on the piston is managed, at this moment, the pump internal pressure reduces, and standing valve is opened under the effect of annular space head of liquid.If be full of by liquid gradually in the oil pipe, discharge is equivalent to one section liquid of piston stroke length at well head.Originally the head of liquid that acted in the oil pipe on the standing valve will be transferred on the piston from oil pipe, thereby cause the elongation of rod string and the shortening of oil pipe.The static load of bearing on the suspension point is that rod weight adds the above fluid column weight of piston.
Upstroke is to suck liquid in the pump, and the process of well head drain.The condition that causes pump to suck is that (suction pressure) is lower than pump intake pressure in the pump.
The load that upstroke is born is:
1. the gravitational load of sucker rod: suspension point is being with sucker rod to move reciprocatingly when moving up and down, so rod weight acts on the suspension point all the time.In upstroke, travelling valve is closed, the effect of liquid buoyancy in sucker rod is not managed.Act on the gravity of the rod string on the suspension point, both its aerial weight.
2. act on the fluid column load on the piston: in upstroke, because travelling valve is closed, the fluid column weight on the piston acts on the suspension point.
3. inertial load: during the pumping unit running, sucker rod by the suspension point band and fluid column is done variable motion, thereby produces the inertial force of sucker rod and liquid.The size of inertial load depends on quality, suspension point acceleration and the distribution on roofbolt thereof of sucker rod.The suspension point acceleration is in upper and lower stroke, and size and Orientation changes.Thereby the size and Orientation that acts on the inertial load of suspension point also will change with the suspension point acceleration.In the upstroke, rod string, fluid column cause the suspension point inertial load.In the upstroke, first half term acceleration direction is identical with motion, and promptly acceleration makes progress, and then inertial force is downward, thereby increases polished rod load, and the acceleration direction is opposite with moving direction in the second half, and promptly acceleration is downward, and then inertial force makes progress, thereby reduces polished rod load.
4. frrction load: the frrction load that acts in the upstroke on the suspension point has:
A. the frictional force of rod string and oil pipe; B. the frictional force between plunger and the lining; C. the frictional force between fluid column and the oil pipe.It is directed downwards, so increase polished rod load.Pump intake pressure and wellhead back pressure are to the influence of polished rod load: in the upstroke, under the pump intake pressure effect, the resistance that liquid overcomes the access device of pump in the well enters in the pump, and the pressure that this moment, liquid stream was had is suction pressure.This pressure acts on piston base and produces load upwards.The wellhead back pressure that flow resistance caused of liquid stream in surface line will produce additional load to suspension point.Its character is identical with the load of liquid generation in the oil pipe.Increase polished rod load in the upstroke.
5. oscillating load: rod string itself is an elastomer, because rod string acts on rod string with doing variable motion and fluid column property loading period, thereby causes the elastic vibration of rod string, and the oscillating load that he produced also acts on the suspension point.Its numerical value is relevant with length, load change cycle and the pumping unit structure of rod string.Oil pumping unit begins to fluid column load loaded (initial deformation) afterwards from upstroke, and the sucker rod cornice piston and done variable motion with suspension point.In this process, except the static load of fluid column and rod string generation, also can on rod string, cause dynamic load.This dynamic load is made up of two-part substantially: oscillating load and rod string that the kinetic free longitudinal vibration of rod string of initial deformation end produces are done the inertial load that variable motion produces.
When suspension point rose to initial point, speed went to zero, but that sucker rod has is downward (negative) maximum acceleration and the maximum inertial load that makes progress, made the rod string off-load and shortened.So after suspension point arrived and goes up initial point, it is up that sucker rod also can be with piston to continue under the effect of inertial force, piston on the time than static deflection moreed move a segment distance.
Act on the rod string to fluid column property loading period, after the quiet modification of upstroke finished, fluid column began to do variable motion with rod string, so cause the oil pumping vibration of bar.Additional load owing to the vibration of sucker rod itself produces makes the elongation and the shortening of sucker rod generating period in movement process, thereby influences pump efficiency.If when the vibration of upstroke end rod string itself makes sucker rod take place to shorten just, the piston effective stroke will be increased.Then reduce stroke of piston on the contrary.
The phase place of sucker rod vibration itself almost is symmetrical in up-down stroke.
The flexible stroke influence to piston that the sucker rod vibration causes all is consistent, and should increase all increases, and reduce all to reduce.Sucker rod when underground work, actually or stressing conditions is quite complicated reducing as for increasing, will depend on rod string freely shake with suspension point swing cause force matching of vibrations.
The process of identification is as follows:
(1) by position transducer, load transducer, identification because the change procedure of upstroke load causes the elastic telescopic of rod string changes, and the sucker rod displacement drives the change procedure of stroke of piston displacement.
(2) by position transducer, current sensor, identification because the elastic telescopic change procedure of upstroke sucker rod causes the variation of electric current, and the sucker rod displacement drives the electric current change procedure of stroke of piston displacement.
(3) stretch by position transducer, load transducer, current sensor, time calculator identification upstroke roofbolt stress deformation, cause the inconsistent several reasons of piston displacement and ground rope hanger displacement.
(4) accurately calculate upstroke roofbolt dilatation, cause piston displacement poor, promptly be the poor of effective stroke.The reduced amounts of pump efficiency just.
(5) by position transducer, load transducer, current sensor, time calculator identification upstroke rod string stress deformation later stage, match time point, location point, the point of load, the current point of the forced vibration that rod string free vibration and suspension point swing cause.
(6) match time point, location point, the point of load, the current point of the forced vibration that causes of identification and the free vibration of control upstroke rod string and suspension point swing.Make theoretical pump efficiency 〉=actual pump efficiency, theoretical stroke 〉=actual stroke reduces cost for oil production effectively, improves extraction efficient, the working life of prolongation machine, bar, pump.
Control procedure is as follows: the embodiment of the invention is as follows:
1. set starting time and be 3 seconds, the specified acceleration frequency of start-up system is 0-35Hz.Start.
2. oil pumping unit operation is taken out in the journey start-up course, program by load transducer, stroke position sensor, read ground oil pumping unit rope hanger shift length and the two-dimensional curve value figure that sucker rod anamorphic stretching stress load is changed.Example: start load 3600kg is increased to 5100kg gradually in the time 3 second starting time loading curve (both being the process of oil recovery bar elastic elongation).Wherein: beginning of curve 3600kg is the starting point of sucker rod resiliently deformable, and the 5100kg point of curve is a sucker rod maximum load elastic vibration point, is that piston begins the starting point that displacement is recovered the oil simultaneously, also is that sucker rod elasticity loads the elongation terminal point.Load starting point 3600kg and increase to the loading curve process that loads terminal point 5100kg formation, the corresponding generation shift length of oil pumping unit rope hanger (example: 600mm) be the distance of the stressed elastic elongation of sucker rod gradually.
The oil pumping unit operation is taken out in the journey process, and program is read ground oil pumping unit rope hanger shift length and the sucker rod stress deformation is extended the two-dimensional curve value figure of the motor operating current variation that causes by current sensor, stroke position sensor.Example: inrush current 0A is increased to the current curve (both being the process of oil recovery bar elastic elongation) of 9A gradually in the time 3 second starting time.Wherein, Beginning of curve 0A is the starting point of sucker rod resiliently deformable, and the 9A point of curve is a sucker rod maximum current elastic vibration point, is that piston begins the starting point that displacement is recovered the oil simultaneously, also is that sucker rod elasticity loads the elongation terminal point.Electric current starting point 0A increases to the electric current loading curve process that terminal point 9A forms, the shift length of the corresponding generation of oil pumping unit rope hanger (example: 600mm) be the distance of the stressed elastic elongation of sucker rod gradually.
3. with the corresponding ground suspension point displacement 600mm of start-up course load change (peak 5100kg) (both distances) for extending from 3600kg to the slope.
Change (peak 9A) corresponding ground suspension point displacement 600mm (both distances) with the start-up course electric current for extending from minimum point 0A to the slope.
4. calculate the poor 3400mm-4000mm=-600mm (both be sucker rod resiliently deformable distance, just the pumping unit stroke reduces value) of underground deep-well pump piston and pumping unit rope hanger displacement displacement.
5. to set deceleration time be 2 seconds, stop the commutation time is 1 second, and halt system rating speed reduction frequency is 35-0Hz.Start.
6. oil pumping unit operation is taken out journey and is decelerated in the stopped process, and program is read ground oil pumping unit rope hanger shift length and unloaded the two-dimensional curve value figure that shortens distortion gradually with making sucker rod by load transducer, stroke position sensor.Example: performance load 5100kg in 3 second time, reduces to the unloading curve (both processes that shortens for oil recovery bar elasticity) of 3600kg in the deceleration stop time gradually.Wherein, The starting point that beginning of curve 5100kg shortens for the sucker rod resiliently deformable, the 3600kg point of curve is a sucker rod minimum loading elastic vibration point, be the displacement point that ground oil pumping unit rope hanger stops to recover the oil simultaneously, it also is the starting point that the sucker rod elastic unloading shortens, unloading starting point 5100kg reduces to the unloading curve process that unloading terminal point 3600kg forms gradually, (the example: be that the deep-well pump piston shortens the oil pumping range ability that produces under the drive at sucker rod 600mm) of the shortening shift length of corresponding generation in the sucker rod uninstall process.Also be that the sucker rod elastic unloading shortens terminal point.
The oil pumping unit operation is taken out journey and is decelerated in the stopped process, program is read ground oil pumping unit rope hanger shift length and is unloaded the two-dimensional curve value figure that the motor operating current variation that causes is out of shape in shortening gradually with making sucker rod by current sensor, stroke position sensor.Example: running current 18A is gradually reduced to the current curve (both processes that shortens for oil recovery bar elasticity) of 0A in the time 3 second deceleration time.Wherein, The starting point that beginning of curve 18A shortens for sucker rod elasticity, the 0A point of curve are that sucker rod elasticity shortens electric current elastic vibration point, are the displacement point that ground oil pumping unit rope hanger stops to recover the oil simultaneously, also are the starting points that the sucker rod elastic unloading shortens.Unloading electric current starting point 18A reduces to the electric current unloading curve process that terminal point 0A forms gradually, (the example: be that the deep-well pump piston shortens the oil pumping range ability that produces under the drive at sucker rod 600mm) of the shortening shift length of corresponding generation in the sucker rod uninstall process.Also be that the sucker rod elastic unloading shortens terminal point.
7. move 600mm (both the distance that shortens for sucker rod also was the distance that increases the oil recovery stroke) with the corresponding underground deep-well pump of deceleration stopped process load change (minimum point 3600kg) than ground rope hanger multidigit from 5100kg to the slope.
Change (from the peak 18A on slope to minimum point 0A) corresponding underground deep-well pump with deceleration stopped process electric current and move the 600mm distance of sucker rod shortening (both for) than ground rope hanger multidigit.
8. calculate displacement of pumping unit rope hanger and underground deep-well pump piston displacement difference 3400mm-4000mm=-600mm (both for sucker rod elasticity reduces the distance, just the pumping unit stroke increases value).
9. take out that Cheng Qidong quickens, operation, slow down stop, in the restart procedure, the distance of the sucker rod load deflection elongation that system program is read and time point should≤distance and time point that the startup of the ground suspension point set is quickened.The deceleration of ground suspension point stop between commutation point and the backhaul start-up point stop time should 〉=time of sucker rod elastic shrinkage.
10. the actual motion value is compared with setting value; Meet with approaching above-mentioned threshold value and move, otherwise return the first step, revise the parameter of setting again, normally move until meeting above-mentioned threshold value for normal.
Claims (1)
1. an oil pumping unit is taken out identification and the controlling method that journey sucker rod dilatation influences pump efficiency, it is characterized in that: gather the exact position of oil pumping unit upstroke ground rope hanger operation, the exact position of underground deep-well pump piston operation by position transducer; Gather loading elongation in the rod string up stroke, the deformation process data-signal that unloading is shortened by load transducer, current sensor, position transducer, time calculator; By the actual motion of pumping unit, identify distortion and running current, performance load, working time, range ability and the pump barrel efficient operation equilibrium ratio relation of rod string; Transient equiliblium by adjust changing pumping unit, dynamic load, dynamic speed and dynamic stroke satisfy rod string and freely shake and swing the optimum phase of forcing vibrations that causes with suspension point and cooperate; Take out that Cheng Qidong quickens, operation, slow down stop, in the restart procedure, the distance of the sucker rod load deflection elongation of reading and time point should≤distance and time point that the startup of the ground suspension point set is quickened; The deceleration of ground suspension point stop between commutation point and the backhaul start-up point stop time should 〉=time of sucker rod elastic shrinkage, the actual motion value is compared with setting value, meet and be normal operation, otherwise revise the parameter of setting again, normally move until meeting above-mentioned threshold value near threshold value.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB011039574A CN1133816C (en) | 2001-02-16 | 2001-02-16 | Recognition and control method for affection of sucker rod's dilatation deformation to pmping effect for pumping unit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB011039574A CN1133816C (en) | 2001-02-16 | 2001-02-16 | Recognition and control method for affection of sucker rod's dilatation deformation to pmping effect for pumping unit |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1369641A true CN1369641A (en) | 2002-09-18 |
| CN1133816C CN1133816C (en) | 2004-01-07 |
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| CNB011039574A Expired - Fee Related CN1133816C (en) | 2001-02-16 | 2001-02-16 | Recognition and control method for affection of sucker rod's dilatation deformation to pmping effect for pumping unit |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102213084A (en) * | 2011-05-23 | 2011-10-12 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Stroke frequency adjusting device of oil pumping unit |
| CN104200642A (en) * | 2014-09-14 | 2014-12-10 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | System and method for ground control on underground equipment |
| CN106894797A (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2017-06-27 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Crank swing control device and method for oil pumping unit |
| CN108222897A (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2018-06-29 | 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 | It is a kind of that the method for drawing Dynamic Control Chart is combined with statistics based on calculating |
-
2001
- 2001-02-16 CN CNB011039574A patent/CN1133816C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102213084A (en) * | 2011-05-23 | 2011-10-12 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Stroke frequency adjusting device of oil pumping unit |
| CN104200642A (en) * | 2014-09-14 | 2014-12-10 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | System and method for ground control on underground equipment |
| CN108222897A (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2018-06-29 | 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 | It is a kind of that the method for drawing Dynamic Control Chart is combined with statistics based on calculating |
| CN106894797A (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2017-06-27 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Crank swing control device and method for oil pumping unit |
| CN106894797B (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2023-02-10 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Crank swing control device and method for oil pumping unit |
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| CN1133816C (en) | 2004-01-07 |
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Owner name: AMERICA DIPAIYI PETROLEUM SCIENTIFIC + TECHNICAL C Free format text: FORMER OWNER: LU XU Effective date: 20090821 |
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Effective date of registration: 20090821 Address after: American Colorado Patentee after: The United States Dipai oil spill technology company Address before: Beijing City, Haidian District Guancheng Nanyuan 9-17D zip code: 100088 Co-patentee before: Li Ying Patentee before: Lu Xu |
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Granted publication date: 20040107 Termination date: 20140216 |