CN108222897A - It is a kind of that the method for drawing Dynamic Control Chart is combined with statistics based on calculating - Google Patents
It is a kind of that the method for drawing Dynamic Control Chart is combined with statistics based on calculating Download PDFInfo
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- CN108222897A CN108222897A CN201611197175.1A CN201611197175A CN108222897A CN 108222897 A CN108222897 A CN 108222897A CN 201611197175 A CN201611197175 A CN 201611197175A CN 108222897 A CN108222897 A CN 108222897A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 67
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/12—Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
- E21B43/121—Lifting well fluids
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- Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
It based on statistics and calculates the method that is combined the present invention relates to a kind of and draws Dynamic Control Chart, first the specific creation data in the oil fields such as lower-continuous mapping, water content based on oil well, determine in a manner of calculating the theoretical pump efficiency upper limit, theoretical pump efficiency lower limit, theoretical pump efficiency line and the minimum blowing pump intake pressure boundary of Dynamic Control Chart.Then statistically, determining that fluid supply capacity margin line, bar break to be left out respectively by calculating submergence and pump efficiency loses line, reasonable pump efficiency margin line.Method of the present invention due to being combined based on statistics with calculating, according to different oil fields, the different production status of oil well, the boundary for making Dynamic Control Chart is more accurate, the drafting precision higher of Dynamic Control Chart, on the other hand, the Dynamic Control Chart that this method is drawn, it can periodically be updated and redraw, can ensure the real-time update of Dynamic Control Chart, the production status of each well can be grasped in real time, Optimization Work system improves pumping unit management level.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil field dynamic research control figure rendering technique fields, specifically a kind of mutually to be tied based on calculating and statistics
Close the method for drawing Dynamic Control Chart.
Background technology
Rod-pumped well Dynamic Control Chart is the tool and means of macro-management rod-pumped well, it intuitively reflects pumping unit
Well supply-discharge coordination relationship organically combines the fluid supply capacity on stratum with the drainage capacity of oil well pump, Dynamic Control Chart master
It is divided into following region：Parameter area bigger than normal, disconnected de- lost circulation zone, Reasonable area, parameter area less than normal and area to be implemented.Show tool
Be exactly in body parameter stratum pump intake pressure with the rapport between pumpingh well pump efficiency, be widely used in rod-pumped well
In production management and conceptual design.
At present, rod-pumped well Dynamic Control Chart is drawn as unit of squad, and this method for drafting is only from the oil on ground
The otherness for situations such as being divided on belonging to well, not considering mined bed, strata pressure, physical properties of fluids, oilwell parameter in detail,
Directive significance is limited.On the other hand the determining of existing reasonable pump efficiency boundary accounts for there is no blockette, but unified
9.9% is defined as, excessively generally.Fluid supply capacity boundary is in the case that known to reasonable pump efficiency boundary simultaneously, is back-calculated to obtain,
So the determining of fluid supply capacity boundary also lacks specific aim.In addition, when Dynamic Control Chart is once drawn out, it will not be according to oil field
The change of data repaints Dynamic Control Chart.Therefore, with the raising of engineering management level, original area boundary can not expire
The needs of sufficient precision management.
Invention content
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of drafting dynamic control drawing method based on calculating and statistics,
Calculating in a manner that statistics is combined, quantitative explanation has been carried out with qualitatively dividing to the drafting of curve in Dynamic Control Chart
Analysis, is corrected and adjusts to the regional boundary line in Dynamic Control Chart, so as to improve the drafting precision of Dynamic Control Chart, make
Dynamic Control Chart has more directive significance.
Present invention technical solution used for the above purpose is：
It is a kind of that the method for drawing Dynamic Control Chart is combined with calculating based on statistics, include the following steps：
Under theoretical pump efficiency line a, theoretical pump efficiency upper limit b, theoretical pump efficiency that Dynamic Control Chart is determined based on oilfield production data
Limit c and fluid supply capacity margin line d；
According to the pump intake pressure and pump efficiency of pumpingh well, it is fixed statistically bar and breaks to be left out and lose line g, reasonable pump efficiency boundary
Line e, minimum blowing limit of bottomhole flowing pressure line f；
Represent that the horizontal axis of pump efficiency, the longitudinal axis of expression pump intake pressure and above-mentioned each line form Dynamic Control Chart.
It is parameter area bigger than normal by the closed area that the horizontal stroke of e, f and Dynamic Control Chart, axis of ordinates are formed；By g, d and dynamic
The closed area that the frame of control figure is formed is parameter area less than normal；It is made of the axis of ordinates of g, c, f and Dynamic Control Chart, frame
Closed area take off lost circulation zone for section；The closed area being made of the horizontal stroke of b, d and Dynamic Control Chart, reference axis, frame is waits to fall
Real area；E, the closed area that b, d, c are formed is Reasonable area.
Determine that the theoretical pump efficiency line a, theoretical pump efficiency upper limit b, theory pump efficiency lower limit c of Dynamic Control Chart include the following steps：
According to the maximum value of parameters all kinds of in oilfield production data, pump intake pressure-pump efficiency is obtained using pump efficiency calculation formula
Theoretical pump efficiency upper limit b in curve, as Dynamic Control Chart；
According to the minimum value of parameters all kinds of in oilfield production data, pump intake pressure-pump efficiency is obtained using pump efficiency calculation formula
Theoretical pump efficiency lower limit c in curve, as Dynamic Control Chart；
According to the average value of parameters all kinds of in oilfield production data, pump intake pressure-pump efficiency is obtained using pump efficiency calculation formula
Theoretical pump efficiency line a in curve, as Dynamic Control Chart.
Pump efficiency calculation formula is as follows：
η=η1·η2·η3·η4·η5
Wherein, η is pump efficiency, η1Pump efficiency when being influenced for free gas；η2Piston effective travel is reduced for gas expansion in clearance
When pump efficiency；η3Pump efficiency during loss of plunger stroke is generated for oil pipe and sucker rod elastic telescopic；η4Pump efficiency when being influenced for solution gas；
η5For the pump efficiency influenced when pump barrel, valve leakage.
η1、η2、η3、η4、η5It is obtained by following formula：
η1=1/ [1+ (1-fW)(R-Rg)·Bg]
Bg=0.000386 (ZT/ph)
η2=[S-Sl(1-fW)(R-Rg)·Bg]/S
η3=(S- λ)/S
η4=fW+(1-fW)/B0
Wherein, R is production steam oil ratio (SOR)；RgFor dissolved gas oil ratio under suction pressure；fWFor moisture content；BgFor pump intake pressure
Lower gas volume factor；Z is gas compressibility factor；T is suction inlet temperature；phFor pump intake pressure；S is stroke of polished rod length；λ is
Loss of plunger stroke length；SlFor clearance length；L is lower-continuous mapping；ρ is fluid density；frIt is averagely cut for sucker rod roofbolt length weight
Area；I, j are the rod string series of layout successively from top to bottom；LiFor i-stage rod string length；friIt pumps for i-stage
Roofbolt sectional area；LjFor j-th stage rod string length；ftjFor j-th stage oil pipe sectional area；BoFor crude oil volume system under pump intake pressure
Number；D is diameter of plunger；Gaps of the δ between plunger and pump barrel；LsFor effective plungers length；γ is liquid motion viscosity；QlTo take out
The theoretical displacement of oil pump；hdFor well fluid level；fpFor plunger sectional area；Coefficients of the K for plunger degree of eccentricity influence in pump barrel, g
For acceleration of gravity, m is total series of sucker rod；ftFor tubing length weighted average sectional area.
Clock rate includes：R is production steam oil ratio (SOR)；RgFor dissolved gas oil ratio under suction pressure；fWFor moisture content；BgFor
Gas volume factor under pump intake pressure；Z is gas compressibility factor；T is suction inlet temperature；S is stroke of polished rod length；λ is stroke
Lost length；SlFor clearance length；L is lower-continuous mapping；ρ is fluid density；frFor sucker rod roofbolt length weight averga cross section
Product；LiFor i-stage rod string length；friFor i-stage rod string sectional area；LjFor j-th stage rod string length；ftjIt is
J grades of oil pipe sectional areas；BoFor oil volume factor under pump intake pressure；D is diameter of plunger；Gaps of the δ between plunger and pump barrel；Ls
For effective plungers length；γ is liquid motion viscosity；QlTheoretical displacement for oil well pump；hdFor well fluid level；fpIt is cut for plunger
Area；Coefficients of the K for plunger degree of eccentricity influence in pump barrel, ftFor tubing length weighted average sectional area.
Determine that fluid supply capacity margin line d includes the following steps：
It is worth to rod-pumped well according to being averaged for parameters all kinds of in oilfield production data and pump intake pressure and is averaged pump intake pressure
With minimum p is pressed from jet flowdRelation line, which is the fluid supply capacity margin line d in Dynamic Control Chart：
pd=(hz·ph)/hc+pt
Wherein, hzDynamic oil level is averagely converted for rod-pumped well；phIt is averaged pump intake pressure for rod-pumped well；hcFor oil pumping
Motor-pumped well is averaged reduced submergence；ptFor rod-pumped well average flow pressure.
The determining bar, which breaks to be left out, to be lost line g, reasonable pump efficiency margin line e, minimum blowing limit of bottomhole flowing pressure line f and includes following step
Suddenly：
(1) the pump intake pressure P of oil pipe side is calculatedh：
Wherein, FpuFor pump dynagraoph up stroke load；FpdFor pump dynagraoph down stroke load；fpFor plunger sectional area；F is pump barrel
Frictional resistance between plunger；
Plunger upper part pressurePcFor tubing pressure, Δ piIt is calculated by multiphase flow algorithm
Oil pipe lateral pressure gradient；N is oil pipe segments；
(2) oil well pump efficiency η：
η=Qs/Ql
Ql=1440nc·S·π·(D/2)2
Wherein, QsFor oil well actual production；QlFor oil well theoretical yield；ncFor oil well jig frequency, S is stroke of polished rod length, D
For diameter of plunger.
(3) by the pump intake pressure P of each oil welln, pump efficiency η and diagnostic message form oil well diagnostic data；According to diagnosis
Data determine that bar breaks to be left out and lose line g, reasonable pump efficiency margin line e, minimum blowing limit of bottomhole flowing pressure line f.
The Δ piIt is obtained by following formula：
Wherein：Δ p is the total pressure head of pipeline section, and Δ h is the potential pressure of pipeline section,As Δ pi；ρnFor gas in the pipeline section
The density of liquid mixture；G is acceleration of gravity；τfFriction pressure gradient for pipeline section；G is mixture quality flow；QgFor at this
The volume flow of gas phase under the average pressure and mean temperature of pipeline section；A is the basal area of pipe；pnAverage pressure for pipeline section；n
For oil pipe segments.
It is described to determine that bar breaks to be left out according to diagnostic data and lose line g, reasonable pump efficiency margin line e, minimum blowing limit of bottomhole flowing pressure line f
Include the following steps：
The oil well of normal work is counted according to oil well diagnostic data respectively and its pump intake pressure and pump efficiency, there is disconnected be left out and lose
Oil well and its pump intake pressure and pump efficiency；It chooses pump efficiency minimum value in the oil well of normal work and exists in the disconnected oil well for being left out and losing
The two average value is chosen corresponding points by pump efficiency maximum value in Dynamic Control Chart, and the straight line perpendicular to pump efficiency is done, and only through the point
In frame, the intersection point with theoretical pump efficiency lower limit c, which is that the bar in Dynamic Control Chart breaks to be left out and loses line g；
The oil well of non-normal working and its pump intake pressure and pump efficiency, normal work are counted according to oil well diagnostic data respectively
Oil well and its pump intake pressure and pump efficiency；Choose pump efficiency maximum value and pump efficiency in the oil well of normal work in the oil well of non-normal working
The two average value is chosen corresponding points by minimum value in Dynamic Control Chart, and the straight line perpendicular to pump efficiency is done, and terminate in horizontal stroke through the point
Axis, the intersection point with theoretical pump efficiency lower limit c, which is the reasonable pump efficiency margin line e in Dynamic Control Chart；
Oil well there are feed flow deficiency and gases affect and its pump intake pressure and pump are counted according to oil well diagnostic data respectively
It imitates, there is the disconnected oil well lost and its pump intake pressure and pump efficiency of being left out；Choose the pressure that sinks in the oil well of feed flow deficiency and gases affect
Power maximum value and there is pump intake pressure minimum value in the disconnected oil well for being left out and losing, the two average value is chosen in Dynamic Control Chart pair
Ying Dian does the straight line perpendicular to pump intake pressure through the point, and terminates in the longitudinal axis and theoretical pump efficiency lower limit c intersection points, which is dynamic
Minimum blowing limit of bottomhole flowing pressure line f in state control figure.
The invention has the advantages that and advantage：
1st, the Dynamic Control Chart drawn by the present invention, can more accurately reflect pumpingh well supply-discharge coordination relationship.
2nd, fixed inflexible, unalterable Dynamic Control Chart template is used for the Dynamic Control Chart that current oil field uses,
The present invention analyzes the theoretical foundation that each area boundary determines emphatically, area boundary is corrected, and be added to reasonable stream
Press boundary.
3rd, due to using counting in a manner that calculating is combined, carrying out the drafting of Dynamic Control Chart, dynamic is improved in this way
The drafting precision of control figure improves the management level of pumping unit, meets the demand of precision management.
4th, the present invention is due to based on calculating with the method that is combined of statistics, instead of cannot accurately draw dynamic control in the past
The problem of figure, so as to the different production status according to different oil fields, oil well, the boundary for making Dynamic Control Chart is more accurate, and dynamic is controlled
The drafting precision higher of drawing, on the other hand, the Dynamic Control Chart that this method is drawn can periodically be updated and redraw, can
Ensure the real-time update of Dynamic Control Chart, solve the unalterable present situation of previous oil field dynamic research control figure, more intuitively reflect
Supply-discharge coordination relationship in producing well production process, can grasp the production status of each well in real time, and Optimization Work system improves
Pumping unit management level.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is flow chart of the method for the present invention；
Fig. 2 is flow chart of the method for the present invention
Fig. 3 is the Dynamic Control Chart that the present invention is drawn.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, it is a kind of that the method for drawing Dynamic Control Chart is combined with statistics based on calculating, based on oil well
The specific creation data in the oil fields such as lower-continuous mapping, water content, the theoretical pump efficiency line for calculating Dynamic Control Chart, the theoretical pump efficiency upper limit, reason
By pump efficiency lower limit and fluid supply capacity margin line.Then statistically, determine that bar breaks respectively with pump efficiency by calculating submergence
It is left out and loses line, reasonable pump efficiency margin line, minimum blowing limit of bottomhole flowing pressure line.
Determine that Reasonable area pump efficiency lower limit e lines, fluid supply capacity limit f lines and disconnected be left out loses limit g lines by the method for statistics.
According to the collected data of oil field pumping well, oilfield production data and oil field static data, each mouth well is calculated
Pump intake pressure and pump efficiency, and the method marked by reference axis, statistically find out that there are feed flows in Dynamic Control Chart
The region of insufficient and serious gases affect determines a reasonable pump efficiency value.That is Reasonable area pump efficiency lower limit e lines；Similarly, with statistics
Mode finds out the region there are feed flow deficiency and disconnected mistake of being left out in Dynamic Control Chart, determines a rational pump intake pressure value,
That is fluid supply capacity boundary f lines；Similarly, statistically analysis is located at all pumpingh wells in the high pump intake pressure area of control figure,
So that it is determined that the pump efficiency boundary of normal well and abnormal well, i.e. disconnected be left out lose line g lines.
Theoretical pump efficiency line a lines, theory pump efficiency upper limit b lines, theoretical pump efficiency lower limit c lines and minimum are obtained by way of calculating
Blowing pump intake pressure boundary d lines.
Wherein, pump intake pressure reflection is for liquid status, pump efficiency reflection drain state.The principal element for influencing pump efficiency is free
Gas, solution gas, clearance loss, loss of plunger stroke, various leakages etc., these factors are all the function of pump intake pressure again, therefore can be with
The theoretical pump efficiency upper limit, theoretical pump efficiency lower limit and the theoretical pump efficiency line of Dynamic Control Chart is determined by calculation.
Theoretical pump efficiency a lines are determined (see Fig. 3)：Take the lower-continuous mapping in oil field, the average value of the parameters such as aqueous, using pump efficiency
It is the theoretical pump efficiency line in Dynamic Control Chart that calculation formula, which calculates pump intake pressure-pump efficiency curve,.
Theoretical pump efficiency upper limit b lines are determined (see Fig. 3)：The lower-continuous mapping in oil field, the maximum value of the parameters such as aqueous are taken, is used
It is the theoretical pump efficiency upper limit curve in Dynamic Control Chart that pump efficiency calculation formula, which calculates pump intake pressure-pump efficiency curve,.
Theoretical pump efficiency lower limit c lines are determined (see Fig. 3)：The lower-continuous mapping in oil field, the minimum value of the parameters such as aqueous are taken, is used
It is the theoretical pump efficiency lower limit curve in Dynamic Control Chart that pump efficiency calculation formula, which calculates pump intake pressure-pump efficiency curve,.
Minimum blowing pump intake pressure boundary d lines are determined (see Fig. 3)：Calculating can be simplified, only consider that gravity and oil pressure influence
：
pd=(hz·ph)/hc+pt
Wherein, pdFor the minimum from jet flow pressure, i.e. d lines of rod-pumped well；hzDynamic oil level is averagely converted for rod-pumped well；
phIt is averaged pump intake pressure for rod-pumped well；hcIt is averaged reduced submergence for rod-pumped well；ptFor rod-pumped well average flow pressure.
The pump efficiency calculating process is：
η=η1·η2·η3·η4·η5
Wherein, η1Pump efficiency when being influenced for free gas；η2Pump during piston effective travel is reduced for gas expansion in clearance
Effect；η3Pump efficiency during loss of plunger stroke is generated for oil pipe and sucker rod elastic telescopic；η4Pump efficiency when being influenced for solution gas；η5For pump
The pump efficiency influenced when cylinder, valve leakage.
Pump efficiency calculation formula is：
η1=1/ [1+ (1-fW)(R-Rg)·Bg]
Bg=0.000386 (ZT/ph)
η2=[S-S1(1-fW)(R-Rg)·Bg]/S
η3=(S- λ)/S
η4=fW+(1-fW)/B0
Wherein, R is production steam oil ratio (SOR)；RgFor dissolved gas oil ratio under suction pressure；fWFor moisture content；BgFor pump intake pressure
Lower gas volume factor；Z is gas compressibility factor；T is suction inlet temperature；phFor pump intake pressure；S is stroke of polished rod length；λ is
Loss of plunger stroke length；SlFor clearance length；L is lower-continuous mapping；ρ is fluid density；E is steel elasticity modulus；frFor sucker rod bar
Column length weighted average sectional area；I, j are the rod string series of layout successively from top to bottom；LiFor i-stage sucker rod column length
Degree；friFor i-stage rod string sectional area；LjFor j-th stage rod string length；ftjFor j-th stage rod string sectional area；BoFor
Oil volume factor under pump intake pressure；D is diameter of plunger；Gaps of the δ between plunger and pump barrel；LsFor effective plungers length；γ
For liquid motion viscosity；QlTheoretical displacement for oil well pump；hdFor well fluid level；fpFor plunger sectional area；ftFor tubing length
Weighted average sectional area.
The pump intake pressure and pump efficiency of pumpingh well are sought by collected data and oilfield production data, oil field static data.
(1) the pump intake pressure P for calculating oil pipe sidenInclude the following steps：
Force analysis is carried out to plunger, then is had：
Note pump load is F before upstroke fixes after valve is opened and arrives closingpu=Pp(fp-fr)-phfp+Wp+f
Note pump is carried as F to before closing after down stroke travelling valve openingpd=Pp(fp-fr)-phfp+Wp-f
Subtract each other：
Wherein, FpuFor pump dynagraoph up stroke load；FpdFor pump dynagraoph down stroke load；PpFor plunger upper part pressure；phFor
Pump intake pressure；fp,frRespectively plunger and oil pumping rod area；WpFor rod weight；Frictions of the f between pump barrel and plunger
Resistance；
The plunger upper part pressure PpFor：
Wherein, PcFor tubing pressure, Δ piFor the oil pipe lateral pressure gradient being calculated by multiphase flow algorithm.
(2) the calculating oil well pump efficiency includes the following steps：
η=Qs/Ql
Ql=1440nc·S·π·(D/2)2
Wherein, QsFor oil well actual production；QlFor oil well theoretical yield；ncFor oil well jig frequency.
The barometric gradient that multiphase flow algorithm is calculated is：
Orkiszewski multiphase stream calculations barometric gradient is distributed：
Wherein：Δ p is the total pressure head of pipeline section；Δ h is the potential pressure of pipeline section；As Δ pi；ρnFor gas in the pipeline section
The density of liquid mixture；G is acceleration of gravity；τfFriction pressure gradient for pipeline section；G is mixture quality flow；QgFor at this
The volume flow of gas phase under the average pressure and mean temperature of pipeline section；A is the basal area of pipe；pnAverage pressure for pipeline section.
Step 1：Determined by way of calculating theoretical pump efficiency line a lines in Dynamic Control Chart, theory pump efficiency upper limit b lines,
Theoretical pump efficiency lower limit c lines and minimum blowing pump intake pressure boundary d lines.
The pump efficiency calculating process is：η=η1·η2·η3·η4·η5
Wherein, η1Pump efficiency when being influenced for free gas；η2Pump during piston effective travel is reduced for gas expansion in clearance
Effect；η3Pump efficiency during loss of plunger stroke is generated for oil pipe and sucker rod elastic telescopic；η4Pump efficiency when being influenced for solution gas；η5For pump
The pump efficiency influenced when cylinder, valve leakage.
η1=1/ [1+ (1-fW)(R-Rg)·Bg]
Bg=0.000386 (ZT/ph)
η2=[S-S1(1-fW)(R-Rg)·Bg]/S
η3=(S- λ)/S
η4=fW+(1-fW)/B0
Wherein, R is production steam oil ratio (SOR)；RgFor dissolved gas oil ratio under suction pressure；fWFor moisture content；BgFor pump intake pressure
Lower gas volume factor；Z is gas compressibility factor；T is suction inlet temperature；phFor pump intake pressure；S is stroke of polished rod length；λ is
Loss of plunger stroke length；SlFor clearance length；L is lower-continuous mapping；ρ is fluid density；E is steel elasticity modulus；frFor sucker rod bar
Column length weighted average sectional area；I, j are the rod string series of layout successively from top to bottom；LiFor i-stage sucker rod column length
Degree；friFor i-stage rod string sectional area；LjFor j-th stage rod string length；ftjFor j-th stage rod string sectional area；BoFor
Oil volume factor under pump intake pressure；D is diameter of plunger；Gaps of the δ between plunger and pump barrel；LsFor effective plungers length；γ
For liquid motion viscosity；QlTheoretical displacement for oil well pump；hdFor well fluid level；fpFor plunger sectional area；
Wherein, pump intake pressure reflection is for liquid status, pump efficiency reflection drain state.The principal element for influencing pump efficiency is free
Gas, solution gas, clearance loss, loss of plunger stroke, various leakages etc., these factors are all the function of pump intake pressure again, therefore can be with
Theoretical pump efficiency line, the theoretical pump efficiency upper limit and the theoretical pump efficiency lower limit of Dynamic Control Chart is determined by calculation.
Theoretical pump efficiency a lines are determined (see Fig. 3)：Take the lower-continuous mapping in oil field, the average value (pump intake pressure of the parameters such as aqueous
Except), by each average value substitute into pump efficiency calculation formula, obtain the relationship between pump intake pressure and pump efficiency, calculate pump intake pressure-
Pump efficiency curve is the theoretical pump efficiency line in Dynamic Control Chart.
Theoretical pump efficiency upper limit b lines are determined (see Fig. 3)：The lower-continuous mapping in oil field, the maximum value of the parameters such as aqueous are taken, similarly
It is the theoretical pump efficiency upper limit curve in Dynamic Control Chart to calculate pump intake pressure-pump efficiency curve using pump efficiency calculation formula.
Theoretical pump efficiency lower limit c lines are determined (see Fig. 3)：The lower-continuous mapping in oil field, the minimum value of the parameters such as aqueous are taken, similarly
It is the theoretical pump efficiency lower limit curve in Dynamic Control Chart to calculate pump intake pressure-pump efficiency curve using pump efficiency calculation formula.
Minimum blowing pump intake pressure boundary d lines are determined (see Fig. 3)：Calculating can be simplified, only consider that gravity and oil pressure influence
：
pd=(hz·ph)/hc+pt
Wherein, pdFor the minimum from jet flow pressure, i.e. d lines of pumpingh well；hzDynamic oil level is averagely converted for pumpingh well；phFor
Pumpingh well is averaged pump intake pressure；hcIt is averaged reduced submergence for pumpingh well；ptFor pumpingh well average flow pressure.
Step 2：Determine that Reasonable area pump efficiency lower limit e lines, fluid supply capacity boundary f lines and disconnected be left out are lost by the method for statistics
Limit g lines.
The pump intake pressure and pump efficiency of pumpingh well are sought by collected data and oilfield production data, oil field static data.
(1) the pump intake pressure P for calculating oil pipe sidenInclude the following steps：
Force analysis is carried out to plunger, then is had：
Note pump load is F before upstroke fixes after valve is opened and arrives closingpu=Pp(fp-fr)-phfp+Wp+f
Note pump is carried as F to before closing after down stroke travelling valve openingpd=Pp(fp-fr)-phfp+Wp-f
Subtract each other：
Wherein, FpuFor pump dynagraoph up stroke load；FpdFor pump dynagraoph down stroke load；PpFor plunger upper part pressure；phFor
Pump intake pressure；fp,frRespectively plunger and oil pumping rod area；WpFor rod weight；Frictions of the f between pump barrel and plunger
Resistance；
The plunger upper part pressure PpFor：
Wherein, PcFor tubing pressure, Δ piFor the oil pipe lateral pressure gradient being calculated by multiphase flow algorithm.
(2) the calculating oil well pump efficiency includes the following steps：
η=Qs/Ql
Ql=1440nc·S·π·(D/2)2
Wherein, QsFor oil well actual production；QlFor oil well theoretical yield；ncFor oil well jig frequency.
The barometric gradient that multiphase flow algorithm is calculated is：
Orkiszewski multiphase stream calculations barometric gradient is distributed：
Wherein：Δ p is the total pressure head of pipeline section；Δ h is the potential pressure of pipeline section；ρnFor in the pipeline section gas-liquid mixture it is close
Degree；G is acceleration of gravity；τfFriction pressure gradient for pipeline section；G is mixture quality flow；QgFor the mean pressure in the pipeline section
The volume flow of gas phase under power and mean temperature；A is the basal area of pipe；pnAverage pressure for pipeline section.
According to the collected data of oil field pumping well, oilfield production data and oil field static data, each mouth well is calculated
Pump intake pressure and pump efficiency, and the method marked by reference axis, statistically find out that there are feed flows in Dynamic Control Chart
The region of insufficient and serious gases affect determines a reasonable pump efficiency value.That is Reasonable area pump efficiency lower limit e lines：
1 Reasonable area pump efficiency lower limit e lines of table determine
The sub-fraction data only taken from a large amount of statistical data shown in table 1, can be closed according to statistical result
Reason area's pump efficiency lower limit e lines value be：30%.
Similarly, the region there are feed flow deficiency and disconnected mistake of being left out statistically is found out in Dynamic Control Chart, is determined
One rational pump intake pressure value, i.e. fluid supply capacity boundary f lines：
2 fluid supply capacity boundary f lines of table determine
The sub-fraction data only taken from a large amount of statistical data shown in table 2, can be supplied according to statistical result
The value of liquid capacity limits f lines is：5Mpa.
Similarly, statistically analysis is located at all pumpingh wells in the high pump intake pressure area of control figure, so that it is determined that just
The pump efficiency boundary of the abnormal wells of Chang Jingyu, i.e. disconnected be left out lose line g lines：
Disconnected be left out of table 3 loses determining for line g lines
The sub-fraction data only taken from a large amount of statistical data shown in table 3, can be broken according to statistical result
Be left out lose line g lines value be：60%.
The Dynamic Control Chart drawn out is as shown in Figure 3.The feed flow of oil well and the state of drain can be showed according to the chart, adjusted
Whole and management oil well.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of be combined the method for drawing Dynamic Control Chart based on statistics with calculating, it is characterised in that includes the following steps：
Based on oilfield production data determine the theoretical pump efficiency line a of Dynamic Control Chart, theoretical pump efficiency upper limit b, theory pump efficiency lower limit c and
Fluid supply capacity margin line d；
According to the pump intake pressure and pump efficiency of pumpingh well, be fixed statistically bar break be left out lose line g, reasonable pump efficiency margin line e,
Minimum blowing limit of bottomhole flowing pressure line f；
Represent that the horizontal axis of pump efficiency, the longitudinal axis of expression pump intake pressure and above-mentioned each line form Dynamic Control Chart.
2. according to claim 1 be combined the method for drawing Dynamic Control Chart based on statistics with calculating, it is characterised in that：
It is parameter area bigger than normal by the closed area that the horizontal stroke of e, f and Dynamic Control Chart, axis of ordinates are formed；By g, d and Dynamic Control Chart
The closed area that frame is formed is parameter area less than normal；The enclosed area being made of the axis of ordinates of g, c, f and Dynamic Control Chart, frame
Domain takes off lost circulation zone for section；It is area to be implemented by the closed area that the horizontal stroke of b, d and Dynamic Control Chart, reference axis, frame are formed；e、b、
D, the closed area that c is formed is Reasonable area.
3. according to claim 1 be combined the method for drawing Dynamic Control Chart based on statistics with calculating, it is characterised in that
Determine that the theoretical pump efficiency line a, theoretical pump efficiency upper limit b, theory pump efficiency lower limit c of Dynamic Control Chart include the following steps：
According to the maximum value of parameters all kinds of in oilfield production data, pump intake pressure-pump efficiency curve is obtained using pump efficiency calculation formula,
Theoretical pump efficiency upper limit b as in Dynamic Control Chart；
According to the minimum value of parameters all kinds of in oilfield production data, pump intake pressure-pump efficiency curve is obtained using pump efficiency calculation formula,
Theoretical pump efficiency lower limit c as in Dynamic Control Chart；
According to the average value of parameters all kinds of in oilfield production data, pump intake pressure-pump efficiency curve is obtained using pump efficiency calculation formula,
Theoretical pump efficiency line a as in Dynamic Control Chart.
4. according to claim 3 be combined the method for drawing Dynamic Control Chart based on statistics with calculating, it is characterised in that
Pump efficiency calculation formula is as follows：
η=η1·η2·η3·η4·η5
Wherein, η is pump efficiency, η1Pump efficiency when being influenced for free gas；η2For in clearance gas expansion reduce piston effective travel when
Pump efficiency；η3Pump efficiency during loss of plunger stroke is generated for oil pipe and sucker rod elastic telescopic；η4Pump efficiency when being influenced for solution gas；η5For
The pump efficiency influenced when pump barrel, valve leakage.
5. according to claim 4 be combined the method for drawing Dynamic Control Chart based on statistics with calculating, it is characterised in that
η1、η2、η3、η4、η5It is obtained by following formula：
η1=1/ [1+ (1-fW)(R-Rg)·Bg]
Bg=0.000386 (ZT/ph)
η2=[S-Sl(1-fW)(R-Rg)·Bg]/S
η3=(S- λ)/S
η4=fW+(1-fW)/B0
Wherein, R is production steam oil ratio (SOR)；RgFor dissolved gas oil ratio under suction pressure；fWFor moisture content；BgFor gas under pump intake pressure
Body volume factor；Z is gas compressibility factor；T is suction inlet temperature；phFor pump intake pressure；S is stroke of polished rod length；λ is stroke
Lost length；SlFor clearance length；L is lower-continuous mapping；ρ is fluid density；frFor sucker rod roofbolt length weight averga cross section
Product；I, j are the rod string series of layout successively from top to bottom；LiFor i-stage rod string length；friFor i-stage sucker rod
Column section accumulates；LjFor j-th stage rod string length；ftjFor j-th stage oil pipe sectional area；BoFor crude oil volume system under pump intake pressure
Number；D is diameter of plunger；Gaps of the δ between plunger and pump barrel；LsFor effective plungers length；γ is liquid motion viscosity；QlTo take out
The theoretical displacement of oil pump；hdFor well fluid level；fpFor plunger sectional area；Coefficients of the K for plunger degree of eccentricity influence in pump barrel, g
For acceleration of gravity, m is total series of sucker rod；ftFor tubing length weighted average sectional area.
6. according to claim 4 be combined the method for drawing Dynamic Control Chart based on calculating with statistics, it is characterised in that
The clock rate includes：R is production steam oil ratio (SOR)；RgFor dissolved gas oil ratio under suction pressure；fWFor moisture content；BgFor sinking
Gas volume factor under pressure；Z is gas compressibility factor；T is suction inlet temperature；S is stroke of polished rod length；λ is loss of plunger stroke
Length；SlFor clearance length；L is lower-continuous mapping；ρ is fluid density；frFor sucker rod roofbolt length weight average cross-section；Li
For i-stage rod string length；friFor i-stage rod string sectional area；LjFor j-th stage rod string length；ftjFor j-th stage oil
Tube section accumulates；BoFor oil volume factor under pump intake pressure；D is diameter of plunger；Gaps of the δ between plunger and pump barrel；LsIt is effective
Plungers length；γ is liquid motion viscosity；QlTheoretical displacement for oil well pump；hdFor well fluid level；fpFor plunger sectional area；K
For the plunger coefficient that the degree of eccentricity influences in pump barrel, ftFor tubing length weighted average sectional area.
7. according to claim 1 be combined the method for drawing Dynamic Control Chart based on statistics with calculating, it is characterised in that
Determine that fluid supply capacity margin line d includes the following steps：
According to parameters all kinds of in oilfield production data and pump intake pressure be averaged be worth to rod-pumped well be averaged pump intake pressure with most
It is small to press p from jet flowdRelation line, which is the fluid supply capacity margin line d in Dynamic Control Chart：
pd=(hz·ph)/hc+pt
Wherein, hzDynamic oil level is averagely converted for rod-pumped well；phIt is averaged pump intake pressure for rod-pumped well；hcFor rod-pumped well
Average reduced submergence；ptFor rod-pumped well average flow pressure.
8. according to claim 1 be combined the method for drawing Dynamic Control Chart based on statistics with calculating, it is characterised in that
The determining bar, which breaks to be left out, to be lost line g, reasonable pump efficiency margin line e, minimum blowing limit of bottomhole flowing pressure line f and includes the following steps：
(1) the pump intake pressure P of oil pipe side is calculatedh：
Wherein, FpuFor pump dynagraoph up stroke load；FpdFor pump dynagraoph down stroke load；fpFor plunger sectional area；F is pump barrel and column
Frictional resistance between plug；
Plunger upper part pressurePcFor tubing pressure, Δ piFor the oil pipe being calculated by multiphase flow algorithm
Lateral pressure gradient；N is oil pipe segments；
(2) oil well pump efficiency η：
η=Qs/Ql
Ql=1440nc·S·π·(D/2)2
Wherein, QsFor oil well actual production；QlFor oil well theoretical yield；ncFor oil well jig frequency, S is stroke of polished rod length, and D is column
Fill in diameter.
(3) by the pump intake pressure P of each oil welln, pump efficiency η and diagnostic message form oil well diagnostic data；It is true according to diagnostic data
Fixed pole, which breaks to be left out, loses line g, reasonable pump efficiency margin line e, minimum blowing limit of bottomhole flowing pressure line f.
9. according to claim 8 be combined the method for drawing Dynamic Control Chart based on statistics with calculating, it is characterised in that
The Δ piIt is obtained by following formula：
Wherein：Δ p is the total pressure head of pipeline section, and Δ h is the potential pressure of pipeline section,As Δ pi；ρnIt is mixed for gas-liquid in the pipeline section
Close the density of object；G is acceleration of gravity；τfFriction pressure gradient for pipeline section；G is mixture quality flow；QgFor in the pipeline section
Average pressure and mean temperature under gas phase volume flow；A is the basal area of pipe；pnAverage pressure for pipeline section；N is oil
Pipe segments.
10. according to claim 8 be combined the method for drawing Dynamic Control Chart based on statistics with calculating, it is characterised in that
It is described to determine that bar breaks omitted line g, reasonable pump efficiency margin line e, the minimum blowing limit of bottomhole flowing pressure line f of losing including following according to diagnostic data
Step：
The oil well of normal work is counted according to oil well diagnostic data respectively and its pump intake pressure and pump efficiency, there is the disconnected oil for being left out and losing
Well and its pump intake pressure and pump efficiency；It chooses pump efficiency minimum value in the oil well of normal work and there is pump efficiency in the disconnected oil well for being left out and losing
The two average value is chosen corresponding points by maximum value in Dynamic Control Chart, and the straight line perpendicular to pump efficiency is done, and terminate in side through the point
Frame, the intersection point with theoretical pump efficiency lower limit c, the line segment are that the bar in Dynamic Control Chart breaks to be left out and loses line g；
The oil well of non-normal working and its pump intake pressure and pump efficiency, the oil well of normal work are counted according to oil well diagnostic data respectively
And its pump intake pressure and pump efficiency；It is minimum to choose pump efficiency maximum value and pump efficiency in the oil well of normal work in the oil well of non-normal working
Value, the two average value in Dynamic Control Chart is chosen into corresponding points, the straight line perpendicular to pump efficiency is done through the point, and terminate in horizontal axis,
With the intersection point of theoretical pump efficiency lower limit c, which is the reasonable pump efficiency margin line e in Dynamic Control Chart；
Oil well there are feed flow deficiency and gases affect and its pump intake pressure and pump efficiency are counted according to oil well diagnostic data respectively, deposited
In the disconnected oil well lost and its pump intake pressure and pump efficiency of being left out；It is maximum to choose pump intake pressure in the oil well of feed flow deficiency and gases affect
It is worth and there is pump intake pressure minimum value in the disconnected oil well for being left out and losing, the two average value is chosen into corresponding points in Dynamic Control Chart,
The straight line perpendicular to pump intake pressure is done through the point, and terminates in the longitudinal axis and theoretical pump efficiency lower limit c intersection points, which is that dynamic is controlled
Minimum blowing limit of bottomhole flowing pressure line f in drawing.
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