CN106893835A - 一种摇臂的热处理工艺 - Google Patents

一种摇臂的热处理工艺 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106893835A
CN106893835A CN201510945453.6A CN201510945453A CN106893835A CN 106893835 A CN106893835 A CN 106893835A CN 201510945453 A CN201510945453 A CN 201510945453A CN 106893835 A CN106893835 A CN 106893835A
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rocking arm
stove
technology
heating processing
minutes
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CN201510945453.6A
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赵振荣
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QINGDAO SANTONGDE METAL PRODUCTS Co Ltd
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QINGDAO SANTONGDE METAL PRODUCTS Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201510945453.6A priority Critical patent/CN106893835A/zh
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
    • C23C8/20—Carburising
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/40—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions
    • C23C8/42—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions only one element being applied
    • C23C8/48—Nitriding

Abstract

一种摇臂热处理工艺属于通用机械用的工件热处理工艺。本发明是提供一种质量稳定、防止工件脆性断裂，降低对渗碳设备的要求，产品合格率达到100％的摇臂工件热处理工艺。本发明括包括摇臂的冲压成型、渗碳、淬火、高温回火、预热和氮化热处理工艺过程。

Description

一种摇臂的热处理工艺
技术领域
本发明属于通用机械用的摇臂热处理工艺，尤其涉及一种汽缸直径为Φ100mm以内的通用汽油机的摇臂热处理工艺。
背景技术
针对目前热处理工序中普遍存在的，对形状复杂、应力集中点多、使用频繁的金属零件热处理达不到使用要求，并且经常产生有变形应力等问题。如摇臂采用的热处理工艺包括将原材料为08钢板冲压成型，渗碳、淬火、低温回火、抛光。这种热处理工艺对渗碳炉的技术要求很高，均需采用可控气氛热处理渗碳炉或微机控制炉内碳势的渗碳炉；同时，摇钢件的渗碳层深度和均匀性要求极其严格，其渗碳层深度为0.3～0.5srnm，当渗碳层达到要求的上限时，则使摇臂在拉伸处造成渗穿(一般摇臂原材料厚度为1.5～2.0mm，经拉伸成型后将减薄0.6snun)。淬火后该处脆性极大，在使用中此处常发生断裂，如渗碳层未达到要求，摇臂耐磨性差，造成早期失效，一但出现上述缺陷，只有整炉报废。经统计，其产品合格率为80％。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服上述现有技术的不足，提供一种质量稳定、防止摇臂脆性断裂，降低对渗碳设备的要求，产品合格率达到100％的摇臂热处理工艺。本发明的技术方案包括将板材冲压成型、渗碳、淬火、高温回火、喷丸、氮化处理之后置于普通气体渗碳炉内，加热到860～920℃后滴入煤油，使炉内碳势为0.8～1.1％，炉内压力为15～20mm水柱，保温60-150分钟，使其渗碳层深度为0.3～0.7mm，直接出炉淬火2.5～7％的氢氧化钠水溶液中冷却，随后将工件放入480～600℃的进行回火，保温40～80分钟，使工件表面硬度HRC20～33，之后清洗，放入预热炉内预热到250～320℃，保温5～10分钟，将摇臂用放入氰根含量为32～38％，温度为540～570℃的盐浴内处理100～120分钟，出炉水冷、清洗，得到氮化层深度0.008-0.020surn，硬度HV430-650，总氮化层深度0.2～0.4snun。
本发明所用氮化盐为市场有售的工业用氮化盐。
本工艺与现有技术相比，具有以下技术效果：
1.防止了工件脆性断裂现象：用本发明处理后的工件，经破坏性试验，摇臂被敲弯45°而不发生断裂。因其心部得到的是综合机械性能很好的索氏体组织，其硬度梯度变化大、表层硬、心部软、无脆性。表层与心部变化不大，有很大脆性。众所周知，马氏体组织是一种脆性极大的组织，因而容易在使用中发生脆性断裂。用本工艺处理的摇臂。
2、降低对渗碳设备的要求：由于工件渗碳层深度的公差范围扩大到0.4snun，对普通渗碳炉的密封性、炉内碳势、炉温均匀性，保温时间等均要求不高，节约了对渗碳设备的投资。而现有工件渗碳层深度的公差范围为0.3μm，公差范围小，对渗碳炉的密封性、炉内碳势、炉温均匀性、保温时间等均要求甚严难以操作，易造成整炉被处理的工件报废。
3、产品合格率达到100％。用本工艺处理工件，其氮化后的表层为E相氮化物层，具有极高的耐磨性，只要控制氮化温度和氮化时间，确保氮化层的组织及深度，就能保证工件被处理后的合格率达到100％。更重要的一点是能保证摇臂在使用中有100％的安全性和可靠性。
具体实施方式
一种质量稳定、防止摇臂脆性断裂，降低对渗碳设备的要求，产品合格率达到100％的摇臂热处理工艺。本发明的技术方案包括将板材冲压成型、渗碳、淬火、高温回火、喷丸、氮化处理之后置于普通气体渗碳炉内，加热到860～920℃后滴入煤油，使炉内碳势为0.8～1.1％，炉内压力为15～20mm水柱，保温60-150分钟，使其渗碳层深度为0.3～0.7mm，直接出炉淬火2.5～7％的氢氧化钠水溶液中冷却，随后将工件放入480～600℃的进行回火，保温40～80分钟，使工件表面硬度HRC20～33，之后清洗，放入预热炉内预热到250～320℃，保温5～10分钟，将摇臂用放入氰根含量为32～38％，温度为540～570℃的盐浴内处理100～120分钟，出炉水冷、清洗，得到氮化层深度0.008-0.020surn，硬度HV430-650，总氮化层深度0.2～0.4snun。
本发明所用氮化盐为市场有售的工业用氮化盐。

Claims (2)

1.一种摇臂的热处理工艺，其特征在于，包括将板材冲压成型、渗碳、淬火、高温回火、喷丸、氮化处理。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种摇臂的热处理工艺，其特征在于，使炉内碳势为0.8～1.1％，炉内压力为15～20mm水柱，保温60-150分钟，使其渗碳层深度为0.3～0.7mm，直接出炉淬火2.5～7％的氢氧化钠水溶液中冷却，随后将工件放入480～600℃的进行回火，保温40～80分钟，使工件表面硬度HRC20～33，之后清洗，放入预热炉内预热到250～320℃，保温5～10分钟，将摇臂用放入氰根含量为32～38％，温度为540～570℃的盐浴内处理100～120分钟，出炉水冷、清洗，得到氮化层深度0.008-0.020surn，硬度HV430-650，总氮化层深度0.2～0.4snun。
CN201510945453.6A 2015-12-17 2015-12-17 一种摇臂的热处理工艺 Pending CN106893835A (zh)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115074657A (zh) * 2022-06-22 2022-09-20 福建华开电力科技有限公司 一种金属材料的表面热处理加工工艺

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115074657A (zh) * 2022-06-22 2022-09-20 福建华开电力科技有限公司 一种金属材料的表面热处理加工工艺

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Application publication date: 20170627