CN106890342B - 使用基因疗法治疗和预防神经变性疾病 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本文提供治疗和/或预防神经变性疾病诸如阿尔茨海默病的组合物和方法。在具体方面,本文施用的组合物编码细胞免疫应答元件。组合物可以以这样的方式制备和施用:编码细胞免疫应答元件的序列在施用组合物的对象中表达。组合物包括表达系统、传递系统和某些细胞免疫应答元件基因。
Description
本申请是发明名称为“使用基因疗法治疗和预防神经变性疾病”、申请号为“200880010918.7”、申请日为2008年2月4日的申请的分案申请。
相关申请的交叉参考
本发明要求2007年2月6日提交的申请序列号60/900,138的优先权,其通过引用全部并入本文。
发明领域
本文提供治疗和/或预防神经变性疾病诸如阿尔茨海默病的组合物和方法。在某些方面,所述组合物和方法涉及过继细胞疗法和DNA免疫。
发明背景
神经炎症与阿尔茨海默病(AD)病理学相关(Chen,K.et al.,281 PeptideJ.Biol.Chem.3651-59(2006)和Frenkel,D.et al.,115 J.Clin.Inves.2423-33(2005))。神经炎症涉及大量活化的小胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞以及少量T细胞的积聚,其大部分粘附至毛细血管后微静脉(Agadjanyan,M.G.et al.,174 J.Immunol.1580-86(2005);Dickson,D.et al.,7 Glia 75-83(1993);和Fillit,H.et al.,129 Neurosci.Lett.318-20(1991))。小胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞均已显示产生β-淀粉样蛋白(Aβ),其是AD的主要病理学特征之一。Aβ本身已显示充当引起许多炎症组分活化的促炎剂(pro-inflammatoryagent)。伴随的生物化学变化包括表征炎症和自由基攻击的许多分子的出现或上调。特别重要的可能是补体蛋白质、急性期反应物和炎症细胞因子。服用非甾体类抗炎药物的患者患AD的风险低于没有服用非甾体类抗炎药的那些患者。这些结果在寻求AD抗炎疗法中引起了增加的兴趣(Fillit,H.1991)。
发明概述
尽管神经变性疾病诸如阿尔茨海默病在传统上不被认为由炎症或免疫系统介导,但是在某些情况下,免疫系统在变性过程中起重要作用。设计为诱导体液免疫应答的免疫治疗方法先前已开发用于治疗AD。那些研究使得人体试验导致有益的和不利的效果。在动物模型中已显示,设计为诱导细胞免疫应答的免疫疗法可有益于中枢神经系统损伤,尽管取决于诱导的T细胞应答类型,T细胞可具有或是有益或是有害的作用。这些研究提供开发基于免疫系统治疗神经变性疾病的新途径。
适合的免疫系统广义上可分为两种应答类型:细胞和体液(抗体)应答类型。在细胞应答中,三种主要类型或种类的免疫应答已被确定在理解炎症过程调节的机制中起关键作用,例如Th1应答(包括例如IFN-γ)相比于Th2或Th3应答(包括例如IL-4、IL-10、IL-13和TGF-β)。不同种类的T细胞应答对于开发阿尔茨海默病的接种策略具有重要的启示。
本文提供的内容包括治疗和/或预防神经变性疾病诸如阿尔茨海默病的组合物和方法。在某些方面,所述组合物和方法涉及DNA疫苗和过继细胞基因疗法,以便治疗或改善神经变性疾病。在某些具体方面,所述组合物和方法涉及编码细胞免疫应答元件诸如Th2或Th3细胞因子的DNA疫苗。
在一个方面,提供用于治疗或改善神经变性疾病的方法,其包括施用诱导细胞免疫应答的组合物。在另一个方面,提供用于治疗或改善神经变性疾病的方法,其通过施用包含细胞免疫应答元件的组合物而施用诱导细胞免疫应答的组合物来进行;优选地,细胞免疫应答元件是蛋白质、肽、核酸或多核苷酸。在一个相关方面,还提供治疗或改善神经变性疾病的方法,其包括施用两种或更多种、三种或更多种、四种或更多种、五种或更多种、或六种或更多种细胞免疫应答元件。在另一个方面,还提供制造用于治疗或预防神经变性疾病的组合物的方法,其可以包括制备多核苷酸或其片段,所述多核苷酸或其片段具有转录连接至编码细胞免疫应答元件基因或其片段的序列的启动子/增强子。在一个相关方面,提供制备用于在对象中表达细胞免疫应答元件多核苷酸或其片段的组合物的方法,其包括:制备多核苷酸,所述多核苷酸具有转录连接至编码细胞免疫应答元件基因或其片段的序列的启动子/增强子;以及将促进转染的物质与所述多核苷酸组合。还提供给哺乳动物——优选人——施用的组合物和方法。在另一个方面,组合物可以包括药学上可接受的载体和包含编码细胞免疫应答元件多肽的序列的多核苷酸。在某些方面,提供试剂盒,其可以包括适于容纳给对象——优选人——施用的药物的容器、包含编码细胞免疫应答元件多肽的序列的多核苷酸、药学上可接受的载体以及附至容器的标签或包装说明书(package insert)。在其它方面,提供施用与细胞免疫应答元件多肽或其片段同源的多肽的方法。
在某些实施方式中,提供诱导细胞免疫应答元件的组合物。该方法和组合物可以包括蛋白质、核酸或多核苷酸;优选地,多核苷酸和/或核酸是DNA或RNA;优选地,多核苷酸是环状DNA;优选地,多核苷酸是质粒;优选地,多核苷酸包含转录连接至编码细胞免疫应答元件基因的序列的启动子/增强子;优选地,多核苷酸包含复制起点(ORI);优选地,多核苷酸包含多克隆位点(MCS);优选地,启动子适于在真核细胞中表达;在某些优选的实施方式中,多核苷酸是载体;优选是病毒载体,在其它优选的实施方式中,多核苷酸是RNA;优选地,多核苷酸是双链RNA;优选地,多核苷酸是短干扰RNA(siRNA),或优选地,一种以上减少炎症的组合物可同时施用。在某些实施方式中,单个细胞免疫应答元件在单个多核苷酸或质粒上;在其它实施方式中,一种以上的细胞免疫应答元件可以在单个多核苷酸或质粒上。在其它实施方式中,单个多核苷酸或质粒包括一种或更多种细胞免疫应答元件以及进一步包括一种或更多种已知治疗或改善神经变性疾病影响的多肽或其片段(即,脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)、神经生长因子(NGF)、β-淀粉样蛋白、β-淀粉样肽1-42(β-淀粉样蛋白1-42)、载脂蛋白E(ApoE)或ApoE-2)。
其它实施方式涉及施用细胞免疫应答元件的蛋白质、肽和/或多肽。在其它实施方式中,提供施用编码细胞免疫应答元件多肽的核酸和/或多核苷酸的方法。组合物可以以这样的方式制备和施用:细胞免疫应答元件多肽表达于被施用组合物的对象中。组合物可以包括免疫调节基因诸如抗炎细胞因子、细胞因子激动剂或抗TNF抗体的表达系统、传递系统和编码序列。优选地,该方法和组合物的细胞免疫应答元件增加减少炎症的基因,优选地,增加基因表达是通过上调表达;优选地,减少炎症的基因是Th2细胞因子;优选地,Th2细胞因子是IL-4、IL-5、IL-10、IL-13或TGF-β;在其它优选的实施方式中,包含细胞免疫应答元件的组合物抑制或削弱增加炎症的基因,优选地,增加炎症的基因是Th1细胞因子;优选地,削弱基因表达是通过下调表达;优选地,Th1细胞因子优选是1L-2、IL-12或TNFα;在某些实施方式中,组合物通过刺激表达或产生减少炎症的基因来影响调节,然而在其它实施方式中,组合物通过抑制增加刺激的基因表达来影响调节,诸如Th1拮抗物。
令人惊讶的是,如实施例3和4所描述,显示了施用编码IFN-γ的多核苷酸可以治疗和预防动物模型中阿尔茨海默病的影响。尽管IFN-γ是Th1细胞因子,但它作为基因疫苗施用已显示使神经变性疾病的影响减到最小。因此,本文提供包含多核苷酸的组合物和方法作为治疗或改善对象的神经变性疾病诸如阿尔茨海默病的方法,所述多核苷酸编码IFN-γ或编码与IFN-γ同源的多肽,所述对象优选哺乳动物,更优选人。
在某些实施方式中,细胞免疫应答元件包括编码自身抗原、减少自身免疫炎症的细胞因子、增加自身免疫炎症的细胞因子的拮抗物的基因或蛋白质或诱导无反应性(anergy)的基因或其片段,优选地,细胞免疫应答元件是下列物质或与下列物质同源:白细胞介素(IL)-4、IL-5、IL-10、IL-13、转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)或干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)或其片段。
在优选的实施方式中,细胞免疫应答元件进一步与编码多肽的核酸或蛋白质或其片段一起施用,所述多肽进一步治疗和/或改善神经变性疾病的影响;优选地,所述另外的编码多肽的基因或蛋白质是下列物质或与下列物质同源:脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)、神经生长因子(NGF)、β-淀粉样蛋白、β-淀粉样肽1-42(β-淀粉样蛋白1-42)、载脂蛋白E(ApoE)或ApoE-2。
在其它优选的实施方式中,诱导细胞免疫应答的组合物和方法包括通过过继细胞基因疗法传递。优选地,用于过继细胞疗法的细胞类型是自体的或非自体的;优选地,用于过继细胞基因疗法的细胞类型是T细胞、抗原呈递细胞、成纤维细胞或干细胞;优选地,用于过继细胞基因疗法的细胞类型是树突细胞、NIH3T3细胞、非自体干细胞诸如来自美国典型培养物保藏中心(American Type Culture Collection,ATCC))的细胞或自体干细胞。
在某些实施方式中,本文描述的多核苷酸与药学上可接受的载体一起给患者施用。在某些实施方式中,多核苷酸包含真核启动子,真核启动子优选在人体中提供表达。在某些实施方式中,多核苷酸是复合有启动子/增强子的质粒,所述启动子/增强子转录连接至编码细胞免疫应答元件的序列。在某些实施方式中,多核苷酸是病毒载体。在某些实施方式中,多核苷酸与脂转染试剂一起施用。在某些实施方式中,方法可以包括施用本文提供的组合物的一种或更多种方法,其选自静脉内、鼻内、皮下、通过注射、通过吸入和通过基因枪。
在本文提供的方法的某些优选的实施方式中,多核苷酸被施用给哺乳动物,所述多核苷酸包含编码细胞免疫应答元件多肽或其片段的序列;更优选地,哺乳动物是人;优选地,包含编码细胞免疫应答元件基因或其片段序列的多核苷酸与促进转染的物质一起施用;优选地,促进转染的物质包括脂类;优选地,多核苷酸在药学上可接受的载体中施用;在某些优选的实施方式中,多核苷酸通过病毒转导施用;优选地,多核苷酸通过基因枪施用;优选地,多核苷酸通过吸入施用;或者优选地,多核苷酸通过注射施用,或者优选皮下注射或者优选肌肉注射。
在某些实施方式中,组合物包含多核苷酸,多核苷酸包含编码细胞免疫应答元件多肽或其片段的序列;优选地,组合物包含药学上可接受的载体;优选地,组合物包含促进转染的物质,优选地,促进转染的物质包括脂类;优选地,组合物与佐剂一起施用;优选地,组合物适于注射入哺乳动物,优选地,哺乳动物是人;优选地,组合物适于被哺乳动物吸入,优选地,哺乳动物是人;优选地,组合物装入药学上可接受的载体中,优选地,药学上可接受的载体具有标签,所述标签表明其中的内容物和有关多核苷酸施用的说明;优选地,组合物优选包括包装说明书,优选地,包装说明书包括有关组合物的内容物的说明,更优选地,包装说明书包括有关剂量信息/给药信息的说明。
如本文所用,术语“抗原”广义上指使个体可以对其产生免疫应答的任意组分。本文所用的“抗原”广义上指包含至少一种涉及免疫应答的抗原决定簇的分子。免疫应答可以是细胞介导的或是体液的或两者兼有。如本领域所周知,抗原可以是自然界的蛋白质、自然界的碳水化合物、自然界的脂类、自然界的核酸或这些生物分子的组合。例如,抗原可以包括非天然分子诸如聚合物等等。抗原包括自身抗原和外来抗原诸如由另一个动物产生的抗原或来自感染因子的抗原。感染因子抗原可以是细菌、病毒、真菌、原生动物等等。
如本文所用,术语“自身同源的”用于指从对象移除细胞时,可能改变该细胞或保存该细胞并且将该细胞再注回对象。
如本文所用,术语“编码区”或“编码序列”指核酸序列、其互补序列或其部分,其根据正常的碱基配对和密码子使用关系编码期望表达的特定基因产物或其片段。编码序列包括基因组DNA或未成熟的初级RNA转录物中的外显子,其通过细胞的生物化学机构结合在一起以提供成熟的mRNA。反义链是这种核酸的互补物,并且可以从反义链推导编码序列。编码序列的位置与转录控制元件以及翻译起始和终止密码子相关,以便合适长度的转录物会产生并且会在适当的阅读框内引起翻译,产生有功能的期望产物。
本文所用的术语“互补物/互补序列”、“互补的”或“互补性”指多核苷酸(即,核苷酸诸如寡核苷酸或目标核酸的序列),其根据标准的Watson/Crick配对规则。使一个序列的5'端与另一序列的3'端配对的核酸序列互补处于“反向平行关联”中。例如,序列“5'-A-G-T-3'”与序列“3'-T-C-A-5'”互补。在天然核酸中通常找不到的某些核苷酸可以包括在本文描述的核酸中,它们包括,例如肌苷、7脱氮鸟嘌呤、锁定核酸(LNA)和肽核酸(PNA)。互补序列还可以是与DNA序列或其互补序列互补的RNA序列,以及还可以是cDNA。互补性不必是精确的;稳定的双链体可以包含错配的碱基对、简并的或未配对的碱基。核酸技术领域的技术人员可以考虑许多变量而经验性地确定双链体的稳定性,所述变量包括例如,寡核苷酸的长度、寡核苷酸的碱基组成和序列、错配碱基对的离子强度和发生率。
互补性可以是“部分的”,其中两个核酸链的仅仅一些核苷酸碱基根据碱基配对规则匹配。互补性可以是“完全的”或“全部的”,其中两个核酸链的所有核苷酸碱基根据碱基配对规则匹配。互补性可以不存在,其中两个核酸链的核苷酸碱基中没有一个根据碱基配对规则匹配。核酸链之间的互补性程度对核酸链之间的杂交效率和强度有显著影响。这在扩增反应以及依赖于核酸之间结合的检测方法中具有特殊的重要性。任一术语还可以用于指单个核苷酸,特别是在多核苷酸的情况下,例如,可以指出一个寡核苷酸中的具体核苷酸与另一个核酸链中的核苷酸的互补性或缺乏互补性,以对比或比较于该寡核苷酸和该核酸链的其余核苷酸之间的互补性。
如本文所用,术语“基本互补”指在严格杂交条件下杂交的两个序列。技术人员将理解,基本互补的序列不需要沿着它们的整个长度杂交。具体而言,基本互补的序列包含不与目标序列杂交的连续碱基序列,其位于在严格杂交条件下与目标序列杂交的连续碱基序列的3'或5'端。
如本文所用,术语“树突细胞”(DC)指抗原呈递细胞(APC),其可源自造血干细胞。DC可以从许多淋巴和非淋巴组织,以及外周血和骨髓获得。造血干细胞诸如人的CD34+细胞可在体外人工分化为DC。树突细胞具有特征性的形态:在各个方向从树突细胞体伸出薄片(层形足板)。几种表型标准也是典型的,但可以根据树突细胞的来源变化。这些包括高水平的MHC分子和共刺激分子(例如B7-1和B7-2),粒细胞、NK细胞、B细胞和T细胞特异性标记的缺失。在小鼠中,一些(但不是全部)树突细胞表达33D1(DC,来自脾和派伊尔淋巴集结,但不来自皮肤或胸腺髓质)、NLDC145(DC,在皮肤和几种淋巴样器官的T依赖性区域)和CD11C(Cd11c也与巨噬细胞反应)。树突细胞能够在体外和体内引发初级T细胞应答。这些应答是抗原特异性的。与外周血白细胞、脾细胞、B细胞和单核细胞相比,树突细胞引导强的混合白细胞反应(MLR)。
如本文所用,术语“表达”指由编码序列编码的产物的生物生产。在大多数情况下,DNA序列,包括编码序列,被转录形成信使RNA(mRNA)。信使RNA被翻译以形成具有生物活性的多肽产物。然而,在某些情况下,RNA产物可以具有相关的活性并且会因此被认为是基因产物。表达可以包括转录RNA产物的进一步的加工步骤,诸如剪接以去除内含子和/或多肽产物的翻译后加工。
如本文所用,涉及免疫耐受的术语指对自身抗原无应答性的获得。区分自身抗原和非自身抗原的能力对于宿主的保持是必要的。免疫耐受进一步描述在Seroogy,C.M.,etal.,Gene Therapy,vol 7,p.9-13(2000);Costa,G.L.,et al.,J.Immunol.,vol.164,p.3581-90(2000);和(Werner,H.L.,et al.,NY Acad.Sci.,vol.778,p.xiii-xviii(1996)中。
如本文所用,术语“细胞免疫应答元件(cellular immune response element)”指诱导细胞免疫应答的任意分子。优选地,细胞免疫应答是Th2或Th3应答。优选地,分子是蛋白质、肽、多肽、核酸、寡核苷酸或多核苷酸。某些细胞免疫应答元件在本领域是周知的以及包括但不限于可以上调或产生减少自身免疫炎症的多肽的分子,其包括但不限于多肽IL-4(即GenBank登录号(Accession No)M13982;SEQ ID NO:12)和IL-10(即GenBank登录号M57627;SEQ ID NO:14)和编码IL-4和IL-10的核酸(即SEQ ID NOs:1和3)。细胞免疫应答元件还可以下调或抑制增加自身免疫炎症的多肽,其包括但不限于多肽TGF-β(即GenBank登录号M60316;SEQ ID NO:16)和编码TGF-β的核酸(即SEQ ID NO:5)。然而,可以理解为其它细胞免疫应答元件包括本领域已知的那些和尚未鉴定的那些。优选地,细胞免疫应答元件多肽或其片段具有与本文提供的细胞免疫应答元件的氨基酸序列即SEQ ID NOs:12-22同源的氨基酸序列。在某些优选的实施方式中,细胞免疫应答元件的片段具有与本文提供的细胞免疫应答元件即SEQ ID NOs:12-22同源的至少25个氨基酸、更优选至少50个氨基酸、更优选至少150个氨基酸、更优选至少200个氨基酸、更优选至少250个氨基酸、更优选至少300个氨基酸、更优选至少400个氨基酸、更优选至少500个氨基酸、更优选至少600个氨基酸、更优选至少700个氨基酸、更优选至少800个氨基酸。术语“同源的”在本文中指代氨基酸序列时是指,所述氨基酸与已知的氨基酸序列(例如SEQ ID NOs 12-22)具有至少70%、更优选75%、更优选80%、更优选85%、更优选90%、更优选95%、更优选98%或最优选100%的同一性。
如本文所用,术语“脂转染试剂”指用于借助脂质体将遗传物质掺入细胞中的物质。脂转染试剂的实例包括lipofectin、lipofectamine、阳离子脂类和中性共脂类(neutral co-lipids)。
如本文所用,术语“质粒”指由遗传物质(即,核酸)组成的构建体。它包括遗传元件,所述元件被排列以便插入的编码序列可以在真核细胞中转录。尽管质粒可以包括来自病毒核酸的序列,但这种病毒序列不引起质粒掺入病毒颗粒,并且质粒因此是非病毒载体。优选地,质粒是闭环核酸。优选地,核酸是DNA或RNA。优选地,质粒可以通过转化被引入细胞并且可以在细胞中自主复制。
如本文所用,术语“药学上可接受的”指适于给人体施用的组分。本领域的普通技术人员理解为为了适于给人体施用,组分必须满足一定的标准,例如,组分优选符合药物非临床研究质量管理规范(GLPs);优选地,组分符合药品生产质量管理规范(GMPs);更优选地,组分符合政府法规诸如美国食品和药品管理局颁布的那些法规;优选地,组分符合21U.S.C.§301-392。
如本文所用,术语“复制起点”或“复制的起点”指为了复制核酸序列的DNA合成开始之处的核苷酸序列。其通常被称为ORI位点。环状细菌通常具有单个ORI位点,而在每个真核染色体上可以有许多ORI位点。该术语包括复制子,如本文所用,其指在DNA复制期间充当自主单位的遗传元件。在细菌中,染色体起单个复制子的作用,而真核染色体包含数百个串联的复制子。
术语“转录单位”或“表达盒”指包含至少一个编码序列连同指导转录开始和终止的序列元件的核苷酸序列。然而,转录单位可以包括另外的序列,其可以包含与转录后或翻译后加工有关的序列。
如本文所用,术语“转录控制序列”指控制转录连接的编码区的转录速度的序列。该术语可以包括元件诸如启动子、操纵子和增强子。优选地,转录控制序列将包括至少一个启动子序列。
如本文所用,术语“转录连接的(transcriptionally linked)”指适于转录的系统,转录将在控制序列的指导下开始并且通过转录连接有该控制序列的序列进行。优选地,在得到的转录物中不产生会改变得到的翻译产物的突变。例如,“转录连接的”通常是指被连接的DNA序列是连续的,并且在分泌前导区的情况下和阅读阶段是连续的。然而,增强子不必是连续的。连接通过在方便的限制性位点进行连接而实现。如果这种位点不存在,则可以依照常规实践使用合成的寡核苷酸衔接头或连接体。
如本文所用,术语“5'非翻译区”或“5'UTR”指位于启动子区的3'和下游编码区的5'的序列。因此,该序列在转录时在翻译起始密码子的上游(即5'),因此通常不被翻译成多肽产物的一部分。
如本文所用,术语“3'非翻译区/poly(A)信号”或“3'UTR聚腺苷酸(3'UTR poly(A))信号”是位于编码原料多肽的区域的下游(即,3')的序列。如同5'UTR一样,该区域通常被转录但不被翻译。为了在真核细胞中表达,通常优选包括发出聚腺苷酸尾添加信号的序列。如同其它合成遗传元件一样,合成的3'UTR/聚腺苷酸信号具有不同于天然发生的UTR元件的序列。
如本文所用,术语“巨细胞病毒启动子/增强子序列”指来自巨细胞病毒的序列,其在真核细胞中起转录启动子和上游增强子序列的作用。增强子序列使得转录从相关的启动子以更高的频率发生。
本文描述的质粒可以包括下列一种或更多种:启动子、5'非翻译区(5'UTR)、3'UTR/poly(A)信号,并且内含子可以是合成的序列。在本上下文中,术语“合成的”指序列不是由该类型的天然发生遗传元件的序列直接提供,而是人工制造的序列(即,由个体通过分子生物学方法制造的)。尽管这种合成序列的一个或更多个部分可以与天然发生序列的部分相同,但指定遗传元件上的全部序列不同于该类型的天然发生遗传元件。这种合成遗传元件的使用使该元件的功能特性被适当地设计成期望的功能。
如本文所用,包括编码细胞免疫应答元件多肽或其片段的序列的多核苷酸指具有编码能够诱导本文所定义的细胞免疫应答的肽或蛋白质的核苷酸序列的多核苷酸。可以理解,基于正常的碱基配对和密码子使用关联,有许多不同的核苷酸序列可以编码一个多肽序列。同样地,该术语指会编码细胞免疫应答元件或其片段的任意核酸序列。在某些优选的实施方式中,包含编码细胞免疫应答元件多肽或其片段的序列的多核苷酸包括编码与IL-4、IL-5、IL-10、IL-13或TGF-β或其片段同源的蛋白质的核苷酸序列。优选地,包含编码细胞免疫应答元件多肽或其片段的序列的多核苷酸包括与编码多肽IL-4、IL-5、IL-10、IL-13、TGF-β或IFN-γ的序列(如SEQ ID NOs:1-6中所示)同源的至少50个核苷酸、更优选至少100个核苷酸、更优选至少300个核苷酸、更优选至少600个核苷酸、更优选至少1,000个核苷酸、更优选至少1,500个核苷酸、更优选至少2,000个核苷酸的连续片段。术语“同源的”在本文中指代核苷酸序列时是指,该核苷酸序列与已知核苷酸序列(例如,如SEQ ID NOs:1-6中提供的编码IL-4、IL-5、IL-10、IL-13、TGF-β和IFN-γ的序列)具有至少70%、更优选75%、更优选80%、更优选85%、更优选90%、更优选95%、更优选98%或最优选100%的同一性。可以理解,包括编码细胞免疫应答元件多肽的序列的多核苷酸可以包含另外的核苷酸,所述另外的核苷酸不同于形成编码细胞免疫应答元件的序列的核苷酸。
如本文所用,术语“样品”或“测试样品”指认为包含感兴趣的核酸的任意液体或固体物质。测试样品可以从任意生物来源(即,生物样品)获得,诸如培养的细胞或组织样品或合成产生的,包括化学合成的模板。
如本文所用,术语“编码细胞免疫应答基因的序列或其片段”指编码细胞免疫应答元件基因的任意核酸序列或其片段。细胞免疫应答元件基因指编码与可以影响炎症的多肽相应的氨基酸序列的多核苷酸。细胞免疫应答元件基因的实例包括,但不限于IL-4、IL-5、IL-10、IL-13、TGF–β和IFN-γ。优选地,本文所描述的细胞免疫应答元件基因编码具有这样的氨基酸序列的肽,所述氨基酸序列对应于细胞免疫应答元件多肽或其片段中的任一个的氨基酸序列,这是基于正常的的碱基配对和翻译密码子使用关联。优选地,编码序列编码天然细胞免疫应答元件基因的精确的、完整的氨基酸序列。
如本文所用,术语“转导的”指具有转移至细胞中的选择核酸的细胞。当选择核酸被复制并且传至子代细胞时,细胞被该选择核酸“稳定地转导”。当选择核酸整合进细胞基因组时,细胞被该选择核酸“转化”。
如本文所用,术语“治疗”、“处理”或“疗法”指治愈性疗法、预防疗法和预防性疗法。“预防性疗法”或“预防疗法”的一个实例是预防或减少目标病理状态或病症。需要治疗的那些对象包括已经患有病症的那些对象以及易于患有病症的那些对象或要预防病症的那些对象。施用可以是“慢性的/长期”施用,其指以连续的方式施用药剂(一种或更多种),这与急性/短期方式相反,以在延长的时期内维持最初的疗效(活性)。施用还可以是“间歇的”施用,其为这样的治疗:不是连续无间断地进行,而是具有周期性质。施用还可以与一种或更多种进一步的治疗剂“联合”,包括以任意顺序同时(并行)和连续的施用。
如本文所用,术语“上调”指基因的表达、或编码一种或更多种蛋白质亚单位的RNA或等价RNA的水平、或一种或更多种蛋白质亚单位诸如Th2细胞因子的活性大于在不存在本文公开的组合物时观察到的情况。例如,为了治疗、预防、改善或调整由基因表达的缺失或低水平引起或恶化的病理状态,可以增加蛋白质诸如IL-4的表达。
如本文所用,术语“抑制”或“下调”指基因的表达、或编码一种或更多种蛋白质亚单位的RNA或等价RNA的水平、或一种或更多种蛋白质亚单位诸如Th1细胞因子的活性小于在不存在核酸分子时观察到的情况。在一个实施方式中,通过酶核酸分子的抑制或下调优选低于在存在这样的酶促失活或减弱分子的情况下观察的水平,所述分子能够结合于目标RNA上的相同位点,但不能够剪切该RNA。在另一实施方式中,采用反义寡核苷酸的抑制或下调优选低于在存在例如具有颠倒序列或具有错配的寡核苷酸的情况下观察的水平。在另一实施方式中,本文公开的组合物对Th1细胞因子的抑制或下调在存在组合物的情况下大于不存在组合物的情况。
如本文所用,术语“大约”在定量性术语中是指加上或减去所示值的10%。
根据下列优选实施方式描述和根据权利要求书,本发明的其它特征和优势将是显而易见的。
附图简述
图1a.在载体对照(非治疗组)APP转基因阿尔茨海默病小鼠模型中,两次注射(在6个月龄和8个月龄)后,在9个月龄时处理的脑组织学切片。组织学切片中的箭头显示用抗淀粉样蛋白-β抗体(anti amyloidal-βantibody)染色(免疫组织化学特异性染色法)后的淀粉样蛋白斑(amyloidal plaques)标记。
图1b.APP转基因阿尔茨海默病小鼠模型用IL-10基因疫苗两次免疫(在6个和8个月龄)后,在9个月龄时处理的脑组织学切片。组织学不显示用抗淀粉样蛋白-β抗体染色(免疫组织化学特异性染色法)后的任何淀粉样蛋白斑标记。
图1c.APP转基因阿尔茨海默病小鼠模型用IL-4基因疫苗两次免疫(在6个和8个月龄)后,在9个月龄时处理的脑组织学切片。组织学不显示用抗淀粉样蛋白-β抗体染色(免疫组织化学特异性染色法)后的任何淀粉样蛋白斑标记。
图1d.APP转基因阿尔茨海默病小鼠模型用TGF-β基因疫苗两次免疫(在6个和8个月龄)后,在9个月龄时处理的脑组织学切片。组织学不显示用抗淀粉样蛋白-β抗体染色(免疫组织化学特异性染色法)后的任何淀粉样蛋白斑标记。
图1e.APP转基因阿尔茨海默病小鼠模型用IFN-γ基因疫苗两次免疫(在6个和8个月龄)后,在9个月龄时处理的脑组织学切片。组织学切片中的箭头显示用抗淀粉样蛋白-β抗体染色(免疫组织化学特异性染色法)后的淀粉样蛋白斑标记。
图2a和2b.APP转基因阿尔茨海默病小鼠模型仅用载体(图2a)或用1L-4、IL-I0、NGF和Apo-E2基因疫苗的混合物(Fig 2b)6次免疫(在6、8、10、12、14和16月龄)后,在18个月龄时处理的海马的脑组织学切片。用抗淀粉样蛋白-β抗体染色(免疫组织化学特异性染色法)后,混合物疫苗的组织学不显示任何淀粉样蛋白斑标记,这与正常的、未受影响的小鼠一致,而施用载体确实具有标记的淀粉样蛋白斑。
发明详述
本文提供的内容包括治疗和/或预防神经变性疾病诸如阿尔茨海默病的组合物和方法。在某些方面,所述组合物和方法涉及DNA疫苗和过继细胞基因疗法,以治疗或改善对象、优选哺乳动物、更优选人的神经变性疾病。在某些方面,所述组合物和方法涉及编码Th2或Th3细胞因子的DNA疫苗。组合物可以以这样的方式制备和施用:使编码细胞免疫应答元件的序列在施用组合物的对象中表达。这些组合物可以包括表达系统、传递系统、促进转染的物质和一种或更多种细胞免疫应答元件。
变应性疾病具有偏向T-辅助型2(Th2)模式和远离T-辅助型1(Th1)模式的免疫应答。Th1模式的特征是增加水平的使炎症应答持续存在的分子,诸如IFN-γ或IL-2。Th2模式的特征是增加水平的特定白细胞介素(IL),诸如IL-4、IL-5、IL-10、IL-13、CD4+T细胞,和抗原特异性IgE的产生。IL-4在IgE合成和Th2应答的发展方面是重要的,以及IL-5在嗜酸性粒细胞存活方面是重要的。免疫疗法导致这种不平衡的逆转,Th1细胞因子、IFN-γ和IL-12增加,其进而抑制Th2应答。同时,基因接种工作正在萌芽中,对低亲和性IgG受体FCγRIIB的工作也在萌芽中,FCγRIIB在被占用时抑制在肥大细胞和嗜碱性粒细胞上的IgE介导的应答(Daeron,et al.,J Clin.Invest.95(2):577-85(1995))。
令人惊讶的是,如上所述和实施例3和4中所示,施用编码IFN-γ的多核苷酸可以治疗和预防动物模型中阿尔茨海默病的影响。尽管IFN-γ是Th1细胞因子,但它作为基因疫苗施用已显示使神经变性疾病的影响减到最小。因此,本文提供包含编码IFN-γ或编码与IFN-γ同源的多肽的多核苷酸的组合物和方法,作为治疗和/或改善对象的神经变性疾病诸如阿尔茨海默病的方法,所述对象优选哺乳动物,更优选人。
在某些实施方式中,减少炎症的组合物可以刺激表达或产生减少炎症的基因,而在其它实施方式中,组合物可以通过抑制增加炎症的基因的表达诸如拮抗物而影响调节。双链RNA、特别是siRNA可用于抑制表达。RNA可以被导入活细胞以抑制该细胞中的目标基因表达。该过程可以离体或在体内进行。这样的RNA组合物和使用方法进一步描述在例如美国专利第6,506,559号中。
各种方法可以用于将DNA导入宿主细胞,包括给予裸DNA、与脂质体和各种病毒载体复合的DNA。可以使用裸多核苷酸物质、方法和传递系统,诸如美国专利第6,040,295、5,763,270和5,580,859号中描述的那些。在多核苷酸不含任何可以起促进进入细胞作用的传递工具或任何促进转染的物质,诸如脂质体配制物、带电脂类诸如lipofectin或沉淀剂诸如CaPO4的意义上,多核苷酸是裸的。
传递核酸的载体可以是病毒、非病毒或物理的。参见,例如,Rosenberg et al.,Science,242:1575-1578(1988)和Wolff et al.,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA 86:901 1-9014(1989)。用于基因疗法的方法和组合物的讨论包括Eck et al.,Goodman&Gilman'sThe Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics,Ninth Edition,Hardman et al.,eds.,McGray-Hill,New York,(1996),Chapter 5,pp.77-101;Wilson,Clin.Exp.Immunol.107(Suppl.l):31-32(1997);Wivel et al.,Hematology/Oncology Clinics of NorthAmerica,Gene Therapy,S.L.Eck,ed.,12(3):483-501(1998);Romano et al.,Sem Cell,18:19-39(2000)和其中引用的参考文献。美国专利第6,080,728号也提供许多基因传递方法和组合物的讨论。传递的途径包括,例如,系统施用和原位施用。周知的病毒传递技术包括使用腺病毒、逆转录病毒、慢病毒、泡沫病毒、单纯疱疹病毒和腺相关病毒载体。
病毒载体还可以用于转染哺乳动物细胞和将多核苷酸导入基因组。在间接的方法中,携带遗传信息的病毒载体用于感染从机体移去的目标细胞,并且这些细胞然后被再植入。对于包封在脂质体中的DNA配制物和包封在含有病毒包膜受体蛋白的脂蛋白体中的DNA配制物,已报道了出生后动物中的直接体内基因转移(Nicolau et al.,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci USA 80:1068-1072(1983);Kaneda et al.,Science 243:375-378(1989);Mannino et al.,Biotechniques 6:682-690(1988)。病毒载体可以在体外注入或转导入宿主细胞,其然后被过继转移并充当传递工具,诸如T细胞(Nakajima,A.,et al.,J.Clin.Invest.,vol.17(21),p.1293-1310(2001)和Tuohy,V.K.,et al.,J.Neuroimmunol.,vol.17(2),p.226-32(2000))、成纤维细胞(Rabinovich,G.A.,et al.,J.Exp.Med.,vol.19,p.385-98(1999))、树突细胞(DCs)(Kim,S.H.,et al.,J.Immunol.,vol.166(21),p.3499-3550(2001)和Morita,Y.,et al.,J.Clin.Invest,vol.17(21),p.1275-84(2001))和干细胞(ATCC或自体的)。
在某些实施方式中,病毒载体优选是逆转录病毒载体。逆转录病毒载体是基因转移质粒,其中异源核酸位于两个逆转录病毒LTRs之间。逆转录病毒载体通常包含适当的包装信号,所述包装信号能使逆转录病毒载体或使用逆转录病毒载体作为模板转录的RNA在适当的包装细胞系中被包装入病毒的病毒体(参见,例如美国专利第4,650,764号)。
本文使用的适合的逆转录病毒载体描述在,例如,美国专利5,399,346和5,252.479,以及WIPO公开WO92/07573、WO90/06997,WO89/05345、WO92/05266和WO92/14829中,它们提供使用这种逆转录病毒载体将核酸有效地导入人体细胞的方法的描述。其它逆转录病毒载体包括例如,小鼠乳腺肿瘤病毒载体(例如,Shackleford et al.,ProcNatl.Acad Sci.U S.A 85 9655-9659(1998))、慢病毒等等。一个示例性的病毒载体是plentilox-IRES-GFP。
过继细胞基因疗法(Adoptive Cellular Gene Therapy)
将核酸导入细胞的技术根据核酸是否被体外转移至培养细胞中或是体内转移至意图宿主细胞中而不同。适于在体外将核酸转移至哺乳动物细胞的技术包括使用脂质体、电穿孔(Luxembourg A.,et al.,Expert Opinion Biol.Ther.7(11):1647-1664(2007);Kesaraju P.et al.,Mol.Ther.14(3):416-422(2006);Luxembourg,et al.,Vaccine(24(21):4490-4493(2006))、显微注射、细胞融合、DEAE-葡聚糖、磷酸钙沉淀方法等。优选的体内基因转移技术包括用病毒(通常是逆转录病毒)载体转染和病毒外壳蛋白-脂质体介导的转染(Dzau,et al.,Trends in Biotechnology l l(5):205-10(1993))。适合的载体可以通过本领域周知的任何方法构建。参见,例如,Sambrook et al.,Molecular Cloning,ALaboratory Manual,Second Edition,Cold Spring Harbor Press(1989)和Ausubel etal.,eds.,Current Protocols in Molecular Biology,John Wiley&Sons,N.Y.(1987和更新资料)。设计用于DNA疫苗的载体还适用于传递核酸至哺乳动物,诸如pVAXl(InvitrogenCarlsbad,CA)。使用阳离子脂质体,诸如CD-Chol/DOPE脂质体,已普遍被证明是将DNA通过静脉注射DNA/阳离子脂质体复合物传递至许多组织的适合的工具。参见Caplen et al.,Nature Med.,1:39-46(1995);Zhu et al.,Science,261:209-211(1993)。脂质体通过与胞膜融合将基因转移至目标细胞。成功应用脂质体复合物的实例包括Lesson-Wood et al.,Human Gene Therapy,6:395-405(1995)和Xu et al.,Molecular Genetics andMetabolism,63:103-109(1998)的那些。
个体中核酸的直接传递可以通过本领域已知的各种方式中的任一种实现。例如,核酸源可以与靶向损伤组织中的细胞的试剂组合,诸如细胞表面膜蛋白或目标细胞的特异性抗体、目标细胞上受体的配体等。使用脂质体时,连接至与胞吞作用有关的细胞表面膜蛋白的蛋白质可以用于靶向和/或促进摄取,例如营养特定细胞类型的衣壳蛋白其片段、在循环中经历内化的蛋白质的抗体、靶向胞内定位和提高胞内半寿期的蛋白质。例如,Wu,etal.,J.Biol.Chem.262(10):4429-32(1987)和Wagner,et al.,Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA87(9):3410-4(1990)描述了受体介导的胞吞作用技术。对于基因标记和基因治疗方案的综述,参见Anderson,Science 256(5058):808-13(1992)。
本文提供的方法和组合物还可以应用于过继细胞基因疗法,其使用遗传改造的免疫细胞,诸如初级T细胞、树突细胞、成纤维细胞和干细胞,这些细胞在离体病毒转导后能够在器官特异性自身免疫疾病中迁移至炎症区域以便表达和传递免疫调节产物和/或治疗性基因产物。这些细胞的离体转导避免将宿主系统地暴露于编码转基因的载体,并且因此增加这种方法的安全性。使用抗原特异性T细胞杂交瘤,其表达抗炎性细胞因子诸如IL-4、细胞因子拮抗物诸如IL-12受体拮抗物IL-12p40或抗TNF抗体单链可变区片段(scFv)。所有这些分子抑制疾病的发展和减少疾病的严重程度。过继细胞基因疗法的CIA模型是介导抗炎性基因治疗的便利的基因穿梭子(shuttle)的例子。另外的研究显示更难于转导的初级T细胞在表达IL-12p40时同等地有效,这表明成功的过继细胞基因疗法可以不依赖于所使用的细胞类型而应用。因此,细胞诸如骨髓源的树突细胞(DCs)可以用于迁移至炎症区域。
树突状家族的细胞特别适合在两个分开的位置行使两种不同的功能。在周围组织中,树突细胞(DC)充当“危险”抗原的哨兵。DCs将抗原迁移和转运至淋巴样器官,在淋巴样器官中它们开始激活抗原特异性的T淋巴细胞。在迁移期间,DCs从抗原捕获模式变为T细胞致敏模式。DCs也影响T细胞分化的特性,即,Th1/Th2平衡。DCs提供T淋巴细胞最佳激活所需的抗原信号和共刺激信号。DCs和使用方法进一步描述在例如美国专利第6,734,014号中。
干细胞也可以用于过继细胞基因疗法。人胚胎干(ES)细胞可以用于本文提供的组合物和方法。ES细胞是源自胚泡内细胞团的培养的细胞系,其可以在未分化的状态下无限地生长,但是也能够分化为成体的所有细胞。优选地,适用于本文提供的方法和组合物的干细胞源自对象自身或以一定方式进行改造以便回避免疫应答,诸如核移植或体细胞核移植,其需要用对象的DNA替代胚胎干细胞DNA。胚胎干细胞是最常用的干细胞,这是由于它能够分化为成人体内所见的大约200种不同的细胞类型,并且它是已经开发的常规基因工程方案所针对的唯一干细胞类型。离体产生干细胞的方法在本领域是周知的,包括美国专利第6,326,198、6,261,549、6,093,531、5,935,565、5,670,351、5,670,147、5,646,043、5,437,994号。
用cDNA接种需要相对很少的注射,并且具有较快的积累(build-up)阶段。也可以降低免疫疗法不利反应的风险。据指出,质粒DNA及其基因表达长时间持续(Wolff,et al.,Hum Mol Genet.1:363-69(1992)),以及据证明,灵长类和啮齿类动物中的免疫应答在DNA接种后持续一年以上(Donnelly,et al.,J Immunol Meth.176:145-152(1994);和Raz,etal.,Pro.Natl.Acad.Sci.91:9519-9523(1994))。质粒DNA没有显示并入宿主基因组,而是作为附加体保留(Tang,et al.,Nature.356:152-4(1992))。裸DNA和RNA在体内被肌细胞吸收和短暂表达的发现在将非病毒载体用于基因传递方面引起了增加的兴趣。参见Wolff etal.,Science,247,1465-1468(1990);Acsadi,et al.,Nature,352,815-818,(1991)。尽管裸DNA和RNA可以被哺乳动物细胞吸收,但如果该DNA或RNA复合在脂质体中,则可以显著增加转染的效率(Chen,et al.,Gene Therapy 7(19):1698-705(2000))。
在体内给哺乳动物施用多核苷酸,以便细胞免疫应答元件或其片段在哺乳动物中表达,这可以使用哺乳动物基因表达领域中已知的许多方法中的任一个来实现。例如,给哺乳动物施用可表达的多核苷酸——包括表达系统和传递系统——的方法可以在美国专利第6,875,748、5,763,270、5,580,859、6,040,295和6,034,072号中找到。
本文描述的多核苷酸构建体包括编码细胞免疫应答元件或其片段的核苷酸序列。施用多核苷酸以便多核苷酸掺入细胞并且表达可检测量的预防或治疗有效量的期望的细胞免疫应答元件或其片段。适于本文提供用途的示例性细胞免疫应答元件包括IL-4、IL-5、IL-10、IL-13、TGF-β和IFN-γ。
表达系统
核酸的体内非病毒施用已通过多种方法完成。这些包括lipofectin/脂质体融合:Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.84,pp.7413-7417(1993);带有或不带有腺病毒增强的多聚赖氨酸缩合:Human Gene Therapy 3,pp.147-154(1992);以及核酸向细胞的转铁蛋白-转铁蛋白受体传递:Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.87,pp.3410-3414(1990)。由聚丙烯酸组成的特定组合物的使用已在WO 94/24983中公开。裸DNA已如WO90/11092中所公开被施用。
因此,在一个方面,提供质粒用于表达细胞免疫应答元件其片段,其包括表达盒,所述表达盒也可以称为转录单位。当质粒处于适于基因表达的环境中时,转录单位因此将表达包含编码细胞免疫应答元件其片段的序列的多核苷酸。转录单位包括转录控制序列,其与编码细胞免疫应答元件的序列转录连接。转录控制序列可以包括启动子/增强子序列,诸如巨细胞病毒(CMV)启动子/增强子序列。然而,本领域的技术人员会知晓,多种其它的适于在真核细胞中表达的启动子序列是已知的并且可以类似地用于本文公开的构建体中。基因产物的表达水平将取决于相关的启动子和相关的增强子元件的存在和激活。在某些实施方式中,编码细胞免疫应答元件基因或其片段的序列可以克隆入表达质粒,所述表达质粒包含用于转录、翻译、RNA稳定性和复制的调节元件(即,包括转录控制序列)。这些表达质粒在本领域中是周知的,并且本领域的普通技术人员将能够以细胞免疫应答元件可以表达的方式设计带有多核苷酸的合适的表达构建体,所述多核苷酸包括编码细胞免疫应答元件或其片段的序列。有许多包含编码细胞免疫应答元件基因或其片段的序列的多核苷酸可以克隆到其中的适合的表达质粒的实例,诸如pCI-neo、pUMVC或pcDNA3。
容纳用于表达细胞免疫应答元件或其片段的质粒的大量细菌宿主可以被发酵,以及质粒可以被纯化以随后使用。目前使用质粒的人临床试验利用该方法。Recombinant DNAAdvisory Committee Data Management Report,Human Gene Therapy 6:535-548(1994)。
质粒的目的是通常用于人基因治疗中,用以将核酸序列有效传递至细胞或哺乳动物组织中并在细胞或哺乳动物组织中表达治疗基因(即,细胞免疫应答元件)。具体而言,质粒的目的可以是获得高拷贝数、避免质粒不稳定性的潜在原因和提供质粒选择的方法。至于表达,核酸盒包含用于表达盒中核酸的必需的元件。表达包括用质粒有效地转录插入的基因、核酸序列或核酸盒。表达产物可以是蛋白质、多肽或RNA。核酸序列可以包含在核酸盒中。核酸的表达可以是连续的或被调节的。
在最终获得核酸编码的产物的表达的过程中,作为初始步骤的是是实现细胞对核酸的吸收。细胞对核酸的吸收取决于许多因素,其中之一是核酸接近细胞表面的时间长度。例如,肌肉(im.)施用缓冲液中的质粒DNA后,如果按摩肌肉,则观察到基因表达的明显减少,这可能是由于DNA直接或经由淋巴管漏出肌肉(Human Gene Therapy 4:151-159,1993)。因此,可期望用这样的化合物配制核酸,所述化合物会延迟核酸扩散或从期望细胞吸收核酸的位点被带走的速度。进一步地,这些化合物可适于通过诸如注射的方法施用给生物体,同时保持或恢复增加细胞吸收核酸所需的物理特性。
药物组合物
本文提供的组合物可以作为药物组合物施用,其中化合物与本领域周知的药学上可接受的载体一起配制。配制及施用药物组合物的技术可以在例如“Remington'sPharmaceutical Sciences,”(18th ed.,Mack Publishing Co.,Easton,PA,1990)中找到。因此,化合物可以用于制造药物。化合物的药物组合物可以配制成胃肠外施用的溶液或冻干粉末。这些粉末在使用前通过添加适合的稀释剂或其它药学上可接受的载体可以进行重构。这些粉末还可以以干燥的形式喷射。液体配制物可以是缓冲的、等张的水溶液。适合的稀释剂的实例是标准的等渗盐水、标准的5%葡萄糖水溶液或缓冲醋酸钠或醋酸铵溶液。这种配制物特别适于胃肠外施用,但也可以用于口服施用或包含在定量吸入器或喷雾器中进行喷射。可期望加入赋形剂诸如聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、明胶、羟基纤维素、阿拉伯树胶、聚乙二醇、甘露醇、氯化钠或柠檬酸钠。
可选择地,含有包含编码细胞免疫应答元件或其片段的序列的多核苷酸的组合物可以制成胶囊、片剂或制备成乳液或糖浆进行口服施用。可以添加药学上可接受的固体或液体载体,以提高或稳定组合物或促进组合物的制备。固体载体包括淀粉、乳糖、二水合硫酸钙、石膏粉、硬脂酸镁或硬脂酸、滑石、果胶、阿拉伯树胶、琼脂或明胶。液体载体包括糖浆、花生油、橄榄油、盐水和水。对于体内使用的水性组合物,优选使用无菌的无热原水。为了制备适于施用给哺乳动物、优选人的药学上可接受的组合物,这些配制物将包含有效量的多核苷酸连同适合量的水溶液。载体也可以包括持续释放材料诸如单硬脂酸甘油酯或二硬脂酸甘油酯,其单独使用或与蜡一起使用。固体载体的量变化,但优选会在每剂量单位约20mg至约1g之间。药物制备物按照常规制药技术来制备,所述技术在必要时对于片剂而言,包括制粉、混合、粒化和压缩;或对于明胶硬胶囊形式而言包括制粉、混合和填充。当使用液体载体时,制备物的形式可以是糖浆、酏剂、乳剂或水性或非水性悬浮液。对于直肠施用,化合物可以结合有赋形剂诸如可可脂、甘油、明胶或聚乙二醇以及被铸成栓剂。
本文描述的多核苷酸的药学上可接受的盐的施用包含在本文中。这些盐可以从药学上可接受的无毒的碱制备,所述碱包括有机碱和无机碱。由无机碱衍生的盐包括钠盐、钾盐、锂盐、铵盐、钙盐、镁盐等。由药学上可接受的有机无毒碱衍生的盐包括伯胺盐、仲胺盐和叔胺盐、碱性氨基酸等。对于药物盐的有用的讨论,参见S.M.Berge et al.,Journal ofPharmaceutical Sciences 66:1-19(1977)。
本文还提供的是用于供给哺乳动物细胞免疫应答元件多肽的药物组合物,其可以包括药物有效量的多核苷酸,所述多核苷酸包括编码细胞免疫应答元件或其片段的序列;以无菌形式装有载体和多核苷酸的容器;和与容器相关的工具,以使多核苷酸从容器转移至组织间隙,因此组织的细胞可以吸收和表达多核苷酸。允许这种转移的工具包括传统的隔膜,其可以例如被针穿透。可选择地,当容器是注射器时,工具可以考虑包含注射器的活塞或连接至注射器的针。容器可以具有至少1、优选至少5或10、以及更优选至少50或100微克的多核苷酸,以提供一个或更多的单位剂量。对于许多应用,容器将具有至少500微克或1毫克多核苷酸,以及通常将包含至少50或100毫克多核苷酸。
还提供药物组合物,其可以包括包含编码细胞免疫应答元件或其片段的序列的多核苷酸,并且以药学上可接受的施用形式处于容器中,以及与容器相关的布告,所述布告为规范药物制造、使用或销售的政府机构规定的形式,所述布告反映出该形式的多核苷酸用于人或兽医施用得到该机构的批准。例如,这种布告可以是得到美国食品药品管理局批准的处方药物标签、或批准的产品说明书/产品插入物(product insert)。
本文提供的组合物可以作为药物组合物施用,其中组合物与本领域周知的药学上可接受的载体一起配制。配制和施用技术可在例如“Remington's PharmaceuticalSciences,”(18th ed,Mack Publishing Co,Easton,PA,1990)中找到。因此,组合物可以用于制造药物。可以理解为药学上可接受的载体、或药物组合物、或适于施用给哺乳动物的任何物质应依照当地规章的标准制造和储存。例如,许多政府拥有规范制造和处理用于施用给哺乳动物和/或人的组合物的各方面的指南或规定,诸如卫生设施、工序验证设备(process validation equipment)和文件可追溯性、以及人员资格。本文提供的包括药物组合物或药学上可接受的载体的组合物优选适于施用给人并且符合当地的规章、指南和/或GMPs(文件)规章,诸如美国食品和药品管理局为这一目的制定的那些。
用于注射——一个优选的传递途径——的、包括编码细胞免疫应答元件或其片段序列的多核苷酸可以以单位剂量形式制备在安瓿中或制备在多剂量容器中。多核苷酸可以以诸如油性或优选水性载体中的悬浮液、溶液或乳液的形式存在。可选择地,盐形式的多核苷酸可以呈冻干形式,用以在传递时与适合的载体诸如无菌无热原水重构。液体形式以及待重构的冻干形式将包含试剂,优选缓冲液,所述试剂的量为适当调节注射溶液的pH值所需的量。对于任意胃肠外应用,特别是在要静脉内施用配制物时,应控制溶质的总浓度,以使制备物等张、低渗或微弱高渗。非离子物质诸如糖优选用于调节张力,以及蔗糖是特别优选的。这些形式的任一个可以进一步包含适合的配方剂(formulatory agents),诸如淀粉或糖、甘油或盐水。每单位剂量的组合物——不论液体或固体——可以包含从0.1%至99%的多核苷酸物质。
单位剂量安瓿或多剂量容器——多核苷酸在使用之前被封装在其中——可以包含严密封闭的容器,其装入适于其一个药学有效剂量或多个有效剂量的一定量的多核苷酸或包含多核苷酸的溶液。多核苷酸作为无菌配制物被封装,以及严密封闭的容器被设计以便在使用之前保持配制物的无菌状态。
其中含有包含编码细胞免疫应答元件或其片段的序列的多核苷酸的容器可以包括附有标签的包装,并且所述标签可以带有布告,所述布告是政府机构例如美国食品药品管理局规定的形式并且所述布告反映出其中的多核苷酸物质用于人类施用的制造、使用或销售在联邦法律下获得该机构的批准。
联邦法律要求药物组合物在治疗人中的应用得到联邦政府机构的批准。在美国,其执行是美国食品药品管理局的责任,其发布适合的规章来确保这种批准,详见21 U.S.C§301-392。42 U.S.C.§262提供对生物材料的规章,所述生物材料包括由动物组织制成的产品。大多数外国国家要求类似的批准。国家与国家间的规章是不同的,但各个程序对本领域技术人员是周知的并且本文提供的组合物和方法因此优选地与其相符合。
施用的剂量很大程度上取决于被治疗对象的状态和大小以及治疗频率和施用路径。连续治疗的方案,包括剂量频率,可以通过最初的应答和临床判断来指导。优选注射入组织间隙的胃肠外路径,尽管在具体施用例如对鼻粘膜、咽喉、支气管组织或肺施用时可以要求其它胃肠外路径诸如吸入气溶胶配制物。
同样地,本文提供的是药物产品,其可以包括多核苷酸,所述多核苷酸包含编码细胞免疫应答元件或其片段的序列并以溶液形式溶于药学上可接受的注射载体,并且适于经间隙导入组织而引起组织细胞表达细胞免疫应答元件或其片段,装入溶液的容器,以及以管理药物的制造、使用或销售的政府机构规定的形式与容器相关的布告,所述布告反映出所述多核苷酸溶液用于人类施用的制造、使用或销售得到该机构的批准。
施用
在本文公开的任意方法中,优选将包含多核苷酸的组合物传递给哺乳动物,所述多核苷酸包含编码细胞免疫应答元件或其片段的序列。更优选地,哺乳动物是人。依照本文公开的任意方法的组合物的施用可以依照本领域已知的各种方法中的任一方法完成。例如,美国专利第5,676,954号公开将复合有阳离子脂类载体的遗传物质注射入小鼠中。另外,美国专利5,589,466、5,693,622、5,580,859、5,703,055和PCT国际专利申请PCT/US94/06069(WO 94/29469)提供将包含裸DNA或DNA阳离子脂类复合物的组合物传递至脊椎动物的方法。
在某些实施方式中,含有包含编码细胞免疫应答元件或其片段的序列的多核苷酸的组合物可以胃肠外施用,诸如血管内、静脉内、动脉内、肌肉、皮下等。组合物可以导入肌肉、皮肤、脑、肺、肝或脾组织。组合物还可以导入血液。施用还可以是口服、经鼻、经直肠、透皮或经气溶胶吸入。组合物也可以作为丸剂或推注(bolus)或缓慢输注而施用。
包含编码细胞免疫应答元件或其片段的序列的多核苷酸可以传递给动物体的组织间隙,包括肌肉、皮肤、脑、肺、肝、脾、骨髓、胸腺、心、淋巴、血液、骨、软骨、胰腺、肾、胆囊、胃、肠、睾丸、卵巢、子宫、直肠、神经系统、眼、腺体和结缔组织的组织间隙。组织间隙包括在器官组织的网状纤维、血管或腔壁内的弹性纤维、纤维组织的胶原纤维之间的细胞间流动的粘多糖基质,或包盖肌细胞的结缔组织中或骨腔隙中相同的基质。其类似于被循环的血浆和淋巴管的淋巴液占用的空间。由于以下讨论的原因,优选传递至肌肉组织的间隙。它们可以通过注射入包含这些细胞的组织而便利地传递。它们优选传递给并表达在持久的、分化的不分裂细胞中,尽管传递和表达可以在未分化或较不完全分化的细胞中完成,例如,血液干细胞或皮肤成纤维细胞。
在体内,肌细胞在它们吸收和表达多核苷酸的能力方面是特别胜任的。这种能力可能是由于肌肉包括多核细胞、肌浆网和横管系统的独特组织结构。本文提供的多核苷酸可以通过横管系统进入肌肉,横管系统包含细胞外液并且延伸深入肌细胞。多核苷酸也可能进入然后恢复的损伤肌细胞。
肌肉在许多治疗应用中也有利地用作传递和表达多核苷酸的部位,这是因为动物具有成比例大的肌肉群,所述肌肉群通过经由皮肤直接注射而便利地进入;因此,相当大剂量的多核苷酸通过多次注射可以沉积在肌肉中,并且重复注射——以便在长期内进行延长治疗——被容易地完成并且可以安全地实现而不需专门的技术或设备。
肌肉组织之外的组织也可以有利地用作注射部位以便产生细胞免疫应答元件。一种这样的情况是使用多核苷酸提供多肽,所述多肽必需与特定类型的细胞相关地存在才有效;例如,与胆固醇平衡相关的肝细胞的细胞表面受体。(Brown和Goldstein,Science 232:34-47(1986))。在该应用中,以及许多其它应用中,诸如在酶或激素是基因产物的应用中,为了实现有价值的治疗效果可以不必达到高水平的表达。
在某些实施方式中,包含编码细胞免疫应答元件或其片段的序列的多核苷酸单独使用可注射的载体被导入组织。载体优选是等张的、低渗的或微弱高渗的,以及具有相对低的离子强度,诸如蔗糖溶液所提供的。制备物可以进一步有利地包含细胞因子源,其以多肽的形式或作为多核苷酸被掺入脂质体。
含有包含编码细胞免疫应答元件或其片段的序列的多核苷酸的组合物被配制以包括其它医学上有用的药物或生物制剂。组合物也可以结合其它药物或生物试剂的施用而被施用,所述其它药物或生物试剂用于本文描述的组合物所涉及的疾病或状态(参见例如,美国专利第6,413,955号,其针对用于骨质疏松症的活性成分)。
含有包含编码细胞免疫应答元件或其片段的序列的多核苷酸的组合物也可以通过“基因枪”导入组织或细胞。DNA可以涂布在金微粒上,以及通过颗粒轰击装置或文献中描述的“基因枪”皮下传递(参见,例如,Tang et al.(1992),Nature 356:152-154),其中金微粒涂布有治疗的DNA,然后轰击入皮肤细胞。
含有包含编码细胞免疫应答元件或其片段的序列的多核苷酸的组合物也可以通过鼻和口服施用导入。低剂量有利于活性抑制,而较高的剂量有利于克隆无反应性/克隆缺失。口服和/或鼻抗原诱导T辅助2(Th2)T细胞,诸如IL-4和IL-10,以及T辅助3(Th3)T细胞,诸如TGF-β,加上CD4+CD25+调节细胞和潜在相关肽T细胞。因此,口服耐受的诱导可以通过施用IL-4、IL-10、抗IL-12、TGF-β、霍乱毒素B亚单位、Flt-3配体和抗CD40配体而增强。
口服或鼻抗原施用(例如,粘膜耐受)抑制下列动物模型:自身免疫疾病,包括实验性的自身免疫脑炎、葡萄膜炎、甲状腺炎、肌无力、关节炎和非肥胖糖尿病(NOD)小鼠的糖尿病,加上非自身免疫疾病,诸如哮喘、动脉硬化症、移植排斥、变态反应(诸如对二硝基氯苯(DNCB)的接触易感性和镍过敏症)、结肠炎、中风和阿尔茨海默病模型(McGeer P.et al.,42 Neurology 447-449(1992);Okuray Y.,103(25)PNAS USA 9619-24(Epub June 12,2006);Qu B.et al,244(1-2)J.Neurol.Sci.151-158(2006))。粘膜耐受可以有利于治疗神经变性疾病诸如阿尔茨海默病,这是由于易于施用、缺乏毒性和抗原特异性作用机制。
粘膜耐受是引人注目的治疗神经变性疾病的方法,这是因为缺乏毒性、随时间易于施用和抗原特异性作用机制。成功应用口服耐受治疗人疾病将取决于剂量、评价免疫学效果的发展中的免疫标记、路径(鼻对口服)、配方、粘膜佐剂、联合治疗和早期治疗。
如本文所用,短语“有效量”指足以提供足够高的浓度以赋予其接受者有益效果的剂量。针对任意具体对象的具体治疗有效剂量水平将取决于许多因素,包括被治疗的病症、病症的严重性、具体化合物的活性、施用路径、化合物的清除率、治疗的持续时间、与化合物联合使用或同时使用的药物、对象的年龄、体重、性别、饮食和一般健康状况以及在医学领域和医学科学中周知的相似因素。在确定“治疗有效量”中考虑的各种通常的考虑事项对本领域技术人员来说是已知的,并且描述在例如Gilman et al.,eds.,Goodman和Gilman's:The Pharmacological Bases of Therapeutics,8th ed,Pergamon Press,1990;和Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences,17th ed.,Mack Publishing Co.,Easton,Pa.,1990.中。
佐剂
对于包含编码细胞免疫应答元件或其片段的序列的多核苷酸向哺乳动物系统的传递,通常优选利用传递系统。这种系统可以提供多种益处,显著提供稳定性以保护DNA的完整,以及有助于细胞吸收。
此外,如通过本文描述的示例性传递系统(即,转染试剂)所说明的,配制物的非DNA组分可以有助于免疫系统增强或激活。因此,传递系统的组分可以结合具体的基因产物进行选择,以提高免疫刺激效应或使免疫刺激效应最小化。
对于某些核苷酸序列,也描述了免疫刺激效应。例如,Sato et al.,Science 273:352-354(1996)描述了用具有某些含CpG序列的双链DNA接种对干扰素-γ、干扰素-β和白细胞介素-12产生的效果。
转染试剂
本文提供的含有包含编码细胞免疫应答元件或其片段的序列的多核苷酸的组合物还可以包括一种或更多种促进转染的物质,其有助于传递多核苷至细胞内部和/或至细胞中的期望位置。许多此类促进转染的物质可商业获得,例如Lipofectin、Lipofectamme、Lipofcctaminc 2000、Optifect、SuperFect。促进转染的物质的实例包括但不限于:脂类,优选阳离子脂类;无机物质诸如磷酸钙,以及金属(例如,金或钨)颗粒(例如,“粉末”型传递溶液);肽,包括阳离子肽,选择性地传递至某些细胞或胞内细胞器诸如细胞核或核仁的靶向肽,以及两亲肽,即成螺旋肽或成孔肽;碱性蛋白质,诸如组蛋白、去唾液酸蛋白质;病毒蛋白(例如仙台病毒外壳蛋白);成孔蛋白;以及聚合物,包括树枝状高分子、星形聚合物、“同源的”聚氨基酸(例如,聚赖氨酸、聚精氨酸)、“异源的”聚氨基酸(例如,赖氨酸和甘氨酸的混合物)、共聚物、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)和聚乙二醇(PEG)。此外,这些在体内促进和增强多核苷酸进入脊椎动物细胞的辅助剂也可以认为是“促进转染的物质”。
Lipofectin促进的转染在本领域是周知的,如在例如,美国专利第6,034,072、6,040.295和6,710,035号中所描述的。本文提供的某些实施方式的组合物可以包括作为促进转染的物质的脂类,包括阳离子脂类(例如,DOTMA、DMRlE、DOSPA、DC-Chol、GAP-DLRIE)、碱性脂类(例如,甾醇胺(steryl amine))、中性脂类(例如,胆固醇)、阴离子脂类(例如,磷脂酰丝氨酸),以及两性离子脂类(例如,DOPE、DOPC)。优选地,阳离子脂类与一种或更多种共脂类混合。为了定义的目的,术语“共脂类(co-lipid)”指可以与阳离子脂类组分结合的任何疏水物质而且包括两亲脂类,诸如磷脂,以及中性脂类,诸如胆固醇。阳离子脂类和共脂类可以以许多方式混合或组合,产生多种非共价结合的宏观结构,包括,例如,脂质体、多层囊泡、单层囊泡、胶束和简单膜。
传递还可以通过使用DNA转运体进行。DNA转运体(transporter)指连接到DNA载体并且能够被表皮细胞吸收的分子。DNA转运体包含能够非共价地连接到DNA并且将DNA有效转运穿过细胞膜的分子复合物。DNA转运体系统可以由包含几个成分的颗粒组成,所述成分独立地并且非共价地连接到DNA。每个成分由配体组成,所述配体识别特异性受体或其它功能基团,诸如与连接到DNA的阳离子基团复合的蛋白质。可以使用的阳离子的实例是精胺、精胺衍生物、组蛋白、阳离子肽和/或聚赖氨酸。第一成分能够连接到DNA载体和目标细胞上的细胞表面受体。这些成分的实例是与去唾液酸糖蛋白受体、叶酸受体、甘露糖-6-磷酸受体或肉碱受体相互作用的有机化合物。第二成分能够连接到DNA载体和核膜上的受体。核配体能够识别转运体系统和将转运体系统转运穿过核膜。这种配体的一个实例是来自SV40大T抗原或组蛋白的核靶向序列。第三成分能够连接到DNA载体和诱导附加型裂解(episomallysis)的成分。实例包括失活的病毒颗粒诸如腺病毒、与流感病毒血球凝集素相关的肽或GALA肽。
实施例1
DNA疫苗动物模型研究
包含K670N/M671L APP双突变的转基因小鼠(Tg-2576)被用于研究DNA接种和阿尔茨海默病的影响。按照这种研究的制订方针,小鼠供养在田纳西大学(University ofTennessee)的动物房设备中。这些研究得到田纳西大学的动物实验管理委员会(Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee)的批准,符合公共卫生局有关实验室动物人道关爱和使用的政策。动物模型实验的结果提供其它生物体,特别是人的过继细胞基因疗法的原理依据(proof-of-principle)。
在4和5个月之间,脑损伤在Tg-2576小鼠中出现。在9至10个月后,损伤完全发展。大约4个月开始的接种显示对阿尔茨海默病治疗的预防效果,而5个月后开始的接种(即,在6个月开始)显示对已经发生阿尔茨海默病的小鼠的治疗。
4个月大的小鼠用编码IL-4、IL-10、TGF-β、IFN-γ的DNA疫苗进行治疗或施用对照载体。给予每只小鼠100μg疫苗。小鼠以2个月间隔被加强免疫2次。雄性和雌性Tg-2576小鼠均使用并且供养至60周龄。然后将小鼠处死并且它们的脑被去除,速冻在液氮中,并在-80℃下保存。
实施例2
记忆力评价
使用Morris水迷宫航行实验(水迷宫)评价空间学习和记忆力。在圆形不透明的水池中训练小鼠学习平台的定位,以逃脱水。水池放置在容器的中央,所述容器具有任意不同远端的空间尾状物(cue)。用高架的摄像机对全部试验录像。用23℃水充满水槽(80cm宽,80cm深)。将隐蔽的圆形平台(15cm宽)置于水表面下1cm,充当动物的逃脱平台。每个试验的最大游泳时间是90秒,然后在平台上休息20秒。每个小鼠训练5天,每天4次试验。对于每天的训练,4个开始的点是随机的。最后一次试验后30分钟,在不存在平台的情况下,进行保持测验(探索试验)。从与目标象限相反的位置释放每个动物并且使其游60秒。再训练后在第7天,将逃脱平台移至相反的象限,以及在实验第8-10天时进行逆转训练程序。逆转训练的保持测验也在最后一次获得试验后30分钟进行。登记每次试验的潜伏期(小鼠到达平台所用的时间长度)。
实施例3
预防阿尔茨海默病的水迷宫结果
在4个月龄时开始接种的8个月龄的小鼠的水迷宫结果。
组 | 小鼠鉴别号 | 潜伏期 |
正常未处理的小鼠 | 1 | 6秒 |
具有对照载体的Tg-2576小鼠 | 1 | 2分钟 |
具有IL-10载体的Tg-2576小鼠 | 1 | 15秒 |
具有TGF-β载体的Tg-2576小鼠 | 1 | 23秒 |
在4个月龄时开始接种的9个月龄的小鼠的水迷宫结果
这些结果表明早期使用DNA疫苗治疗可以预防和/或极大地减低阿尔茨海默病的影响。
实施例4
治疗阿尔茨海默病的水迷宫结果
在6、8、10和12个月龄时接种的7.5、9.5和11个月龄的小鼠的水迷宫结果
实验1:7.5个月小鼠的结果
组 | 小鼠鉴别号 | 潜伏期 |
正常未处理的小鼠 | 1 | 6秒 |
具有对照载体的Tg-2576小鼠 | 1 | 2分钟 |
具有TGF-β载体的Tg-2576小鼠 | 1 | 23秒 |
具有IL-10载体的Tg-2576小鼠 | 1 | 15秒 |
实验2:9.5个月小鼠的结果
实验3:11个月小鼠的结果
*混和基因包含BDNF、IL-10、IL-4、ApoE
由于在大约4-5个月龄时脑损伤形成,所以这些小鼠已经发展成阿尔茨海默病,并且这些结果显示通过编码细胞免疫应答元件的DNA疫苗可以治疗阿尔茨海默病并且减少或逆转其影响。
实施例5
脑组织学
用三溴乙醇(Avertin)麻醉后,通过耳用温的0.1M磷酸缓冲液(PBS)的溶液灌注小鼠,然后用温的缓冲1.5%多聚甲醛溶液灌注小鼠2分钟。然后用包含冷的4%多聚甲醛的第二固定剂灌注25分钟。将动物断头,暴露脑和骨并且将整个头部浸入10%中性甲醛溶液且储存过夜。用PBS漂洗后,用乙醇将脑脱水且包埋入石蜡中。使用切片机连续收集多组6μm厚的从额叶起始超向小脑的冠状切片和裱片(mounted)。所有切片被裱片并用标准的苏木精和伊红染色以及用β-淀粉样蛋白免疫组织化学染色来检查损伤或神经变性的证据。用光学显微镜(最终放大倍数×400的Carl Zeiss Axioskop 2 plus HAL 100)检查所有切片。使用连接到计算机的照相机(leica)获得切片的数字图像。
苏木精和伊红(H&E)染色方案
将包含石蜡切片的载玻片置于载玻片架中(玻璃或金属)。
使用下述试剂使切片脱蜡和再水化:
二甲苯3x3'(在使用乙醇之前吸去过量的二甲苯)(StatLab#8400,实验室级,Anapath牌,Lewisville,TX)
100%乙醇3x3'
95%乙醇1x3'
80%乙醇1x3'
去离子水1x5'
当切片在水中时,用Kimwipe擦拭苏木精的表面,以去除氧化的颗粒。在加入苏木精前,从载玻片架吸去过量的水。
苏木精染色包括:
苏木精1x3'(Poly Scientific#s212A,含有冰醋酸的Harris苏木精,Bayshore,NY)
漂洗,用去离子水
自来水1x5'(以使染色显影)
在酸性乙醇(脱色)中蘸8-12次(快速)
自来水漂洗2x1'
去离子水漂洗1x2'(在此阶段可以放置过夜)
在加入伊红前,从载玻片架吸去过量的水。
伊红染色和脱水
伊红1x30秒(对于较年久批次的伊红,高达45秒)(Poly Scientific#s176,EosinPhloxine染料,Bayshore,NY)
95%乙醇3x5'
100%乙醇3x5'(在加入二甲苯前,吸去过量的乙醇)
二甲苯2x15'
可以将载玻片放入二甲苯中过夜,以充分清除任何水。
使用玻璃棒在载玻片上放一滴Permount(二甲苯基的)(Fisher Scientific#SP15-100,组织学封固剂),小心不要产生气泡。
使盖玻片成角度并且使其轻轻地落在载玻片上。使Permount在盖玻片下扩散,覆盖整个组织。
在通风橱中干燥过夜
β-淀粉样蛋白免疫组织化学染色方案
β-淀粉样蛋白是脑内发现的细胞外丝状蛋白质沉积物。它是淀粉样蛋白核和神经斑的主要的蛋白质组分并且也作为沉积物在神经原纤维缠结中发现。在人中,阿尔茨海默病是最常见的老年性痴呆的原因,并且特征是脑内的异常的丝状蛋白沉积物。β-淀粉样蛋白沉积物也在路维小体痴呆症(Lewy body dementia)、唐氏综合征、淀粉样变性病(荷兰型)以及在Guam氏帕金森痴呆复合症(Guam Parkinson-Dementia complex)中检测到。除患有阿尔茨海默病的脑组织之外,患有这些疾病的脑组织也被用作阳性对照。
固定步骤:福尔马林固定、石蜡包埋切片。
阳性对照:患有阿尔茨海默病、路维小体痴呆症、唐氏综合征、淀粉样变性病(荷兰型)和Guam氏帕金森痴呆复合症的脑组织。
溶液和试剂
初次抗体
小鼠抗β-淀粉样蛋白(Clone:6F/3D)(Novocastra,Cat#NCI-B-Amyloid)。最佳稀释度1:100。物种应答性:人,小鼠(更多信息参照抗体数据表)
二次抗体
生物素化的马抗小鼠IgG(H+L)(Vector Laboratoπes,Cat#BA-2000)。最佳稀释度1:500。
检测试剂
HRP-链霉抗生物素蛋白(Vetor Laboratoπes,Cat#SA-5004)。最佳稀释度1:500
程序
1.石蜡切片置入蒸馏水中。
2.抗原决定部位修复:使用甲酸抗原决定部位修复方法。
3.改变2次洗涤缓冲液漂洗切片,每次2分钟。
4.血清封闭:用正常的马血清封闭溶液温育切片30分钟,以封闭免疫球蛋白的非特异性结合。
5.初次抗体:用在初次抗体稀释缓冲液中1:100稀释的马抗β-淀粉样蛋白(Novocastra,Cat#NCL-B-Amyloid)室温下温育切片1小时。
6.在洗涤缓冲液中漂洗2x2min。
7.过氧化物酶封闭:在过氧化物酶封闭溶液中温育切片10分钟,以阻断内源性过氧化物酶活性。
8.在洗涤缓冲液中漂洗3x2min。
9.二次抗体:用在二次抗体稀释缓冲液中稀释的生物素化马抗小鼠IgG室温下温育切片30分钟。
10.在洗涤缓冲液中漂洗3x2mm。
11.检测:用在HRP-链霉抗生物素蛋白稀释缓冲液中稀释的HRP-链霉抗生物素蛋白室温下温育切片30分钟。
12.在洗涤缓冲液中漂洗3x2min。
13.色原/底物:在DAB过氧化物酶底物溶液中温育切片5-10分钟。
14.在蒸馏水中短暂漂洗。
15.如果期望,用Gill's苏木精溶液或Mayer's苏木精溶液复染。
16.在流动的自来水中漂洗5分钟。
17.通过95%乙醇脱水2分钟,通过100%乙醇脱水2x3min。
18.在二甲苯中透明2x3min。
19.应用永久封固剂,加盖玻片。
结果:
染色方式:阳性染色可以在老年斑中心、斑外围和扩散斑中观察到。在阿尔茨海默病的一些情况下,染色可以在血管壁和细胞外神经原纤维缠结中观察到。
注释:
1.相关的方案:Tau(Tau-2)(Novocastra)
2.对于某些可含有内源性生物素的组织,诸如肾、肝、前列腺、结肠和消化道,可需要抗生物素/生物素封闭来阻断内源性生物素活性。对于冷冻切片,在之前在液氮中冷却的异戊烷中快速冷冻新鲜组织,在低温模式中包埋入OCT化合物中。切下4-8μm恒冷箱切片并且裱在superfrost plus载玻片上。在-80℃下储存载玻片直至需要时。在染色前,室温下风干载玻片30分钟并在冰冷的丙酮中固定5分钟。再风干30分钟。然后从第3步起进行常规的免疫染色。
实施例6
预防阿尔茨海默病的水迷宫结果
在6、8、10、12和14个月龄时接种的16个月龄小鼠的水迷宫结果。
在6、8、10和12个月龄时接种的13个月龄小鼠的水迷宫结果。
实施例7
混合基因接种的脑组织学
海马区域的小鼠脑组织被如上所述处理,其来自仅接受DNA疫苗载体(图2a)或接受包含IL-4、IL-I0、脑源神经生长因子(NGF)和Apo-E2基因的DNA疫苗混合物(图2b)的18个月龄的淀粉样蛋白前体蛋白(APP)转基因小鼠。在6、8、10、12、14和16个月龄时肌肉接种小鼠。对于4个基因中的每一个,每个混合DNA接种治疗的剂量为每次注射大约100微克(总共约400微克)。用荧光标记的抗淀粉样蛋白抗体染色冷冻的脑组织。在未处理的小鼠脑内(图2a)有大量的淀粉样蛋白组织,以及在混合DNA疫苗治疗的小鼠脑内(图2b)淀粉样蛋白显著减少。
除非另有定义,本文使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本发明所属领域中技术人员通常所理解的含义相同的含义。
本文说明性地描述的发明在不存在本文没有具体公开的任一要素或更多个要素、任一限制或更多个限制的情况下可以合适地施行。因此,例如,术语“包含”、“包括”、“含有”等应该被广泛地理解而没有限制。此外,本文使用的术语和表述被作为描述的术语使用,而不是限制性的,以及这些术语和表述的使用不意图于排除任何所显示和描述的特征或其部分的等同物,而是应该认识到,在要求保护的发明范围内,各种修改是可能的。
因此,应该理解为:尽管通过优选的实施方式和任选的特征已经具体公开了本发明,但是本领域技术人员可以进行本文公开的其中体现的发明的修改、改良和变化,以及这些修改、改良和变化认为是在本发明的范围内。本文提供的材料、方法和实例代表了优选实施方式,是示例性的,并不意欲是对本发明范围的限制。
本文已经宽泛地和一般性地描述了本发明。落入该一般公开内容的每一较窄的种类和亚类也形成本发明的一部分。这包括发明的这样的概括性描述,其带有附加条件或从该类中除去任何主题的负限定,不论删除的物质是否在本文中被具体陈述。
此外,当本发明的特征或者方面针对马库什组(Markush groups)进行描述时,本领域技术人员会意识到,本发明因此也针对该马库什组成员中的任何单独成员或成员亚组进行描述。
本文提到的所有公开、专利申请、专利和其它参考文献通过引用它们全部被明确并入,达到与每个通过单独引用被并入相同的程度。在冲突的情况下,以本说明书——包括定义——为准。
其它实施方式在所附权利要求书中列出。
序列表(SEQ ID Listing)
SEQ ID NO:1
IL-4核苷酸序列
GenBank登录号:M13982
SEQ ID NO:2
IL-5核苷酸序列
GenBank登录号:BC066282
SEQ ID NO:3
IL-10核苷酸序列
GenBank登录号:M57627
SEQ ID NO:4
IL-13核苷酸序列
GenBank登录号:L06801
SEQ ID NO:5
TGF-β核苷酸序列
GenBank登录号:M60316
SEQ ID NO:6
IFN-γ核苷酸序列
GenBank登录号:BC070256
SEQ ID NO:7
BDNF核苷酸序列
GenBank登录号:M37762
SEQ ID NO:8
NGF核苷酸序列
GenBank登录号:BT019733
SEQ ID NO:9
β-淀粉样蛋白核苷酸序列
GenBank登录号:BC004369
SEQ ID NO:10
ApoE核苷酸序列
GenBank登录号:BC003557
SEQ ID NO:11
ApoE-2核苷酸序列
SEQ ID NO:12
IL-4肽编码序列
GenBank登录号:M13982
MGLTSQLLPPLFFLLACAGNFVHGHKCDITLQEIIKTLNSLTEQ
KTLCTELTVTDIFAASKNTTEKETFCRAATVLRQFYSHHEKDTRCLGATAQQFHRHKQLIRFLKRLDRNLWGLAGLNSCPVKEANQSTLENFLERLKTIMREKYSKCSS
SEQ ID NO:13
IL-5肽编码序列
GenBank登录号:BC066282
MRMLLHLSLLALGAAYVYAIPTEIPTSALVKETLALLSTHRTLL
IANETLRIPVPVHKNHQLCTEEIFQGIGTLESQTVQGGTVERLFKNLSLIKKYIDGQKKKCGEERRRVNQFLDYLQEFLGVMNTEWIIES
SEQ ID NO:14
IL-10肽编码序列
GenBank登录号:M57627
MHSSALLCCLVLLTGVRASPGQGTQSENSCTHFPGNLPNMLRDL
RDAFSRVKTFFQMKDQLDNLLLKESLLEDFKGYLGCQALSEMIQFYLEEVMPQAENQDPDIKAHVNSLGENLKTLRLRLRRCHRFLPCENKSKAVEQVKNAFNKLQEKGIYKAMSEFDIFINYIEAYMTMKIRN
SEQ ID NO:15
IL-13肽编码序列
GenBank登录号:L06801
MALLLTTVIALTCLGGFASPGPVPPSTALRELIEELVNITQNQK
APLCNGSMVWSINLTAGMYCAALESLINVSGCSAIEKTQRMLSGFCPHKVSAGQFSSLHVRDTKIEVAQFVKDLLLHLKKLFREGRFN
SEQ ID NO:16
TGF-β肽编码序列
GenBank登录号:M60316
MHVRSLRAAAPHSFVALWAPLFLLRSALADFSLDNEVHSSFIHR
RLRSQERREMQREILSILGLPHRPRPHLQGKHNSAPMFMLDLYNAMAVEEGGGPGGQGFSYPYKAVFSTQGPPLASLQDSHFLTDADMVMSFVNLVEHDKEFFHPRYHHREFRFDLSKIPEGEAVTAAEFRIYKDYIRERFDNETFRISVYQVLQEHLGRESDLFLLDSRTLWASEEGWLVFDITATSNHWVVNPRHNLGLQLSVETLDGQSINPKLAGLIGRHGPQNKQPFMVAFFKATEVHFRSIRSTGSKQRSQNRSKTPKNQEALRMANVAENSSSDQRQACKKHELYVSFRDLGWQDWIIAPEGYAAYYCEGECAFPLNSYMNATNHAIVQTLVHFINPETVPKPCCAPTQLNAISVLYFDDSSNVILKKYRNMVVRACGCH
SEQ ID NO:17
IFN-γ核苷酸序列
GenBank登录号:AAH70256
MKYTSYILAFQLCIVLGSLGCYCQDPYVKEAENLKKYFNAGHSDVADNGTLFLGILKNWKEESDRKIMQSQIVSFYFKLFKNFKDDQSIQKSVETIKEDMNVKFFNSNKKKRDDFEKLTNYSVTDLNVQRKAIHELIQVMAELSPAAKTGKRKRSQMLFRGRRASQ
SEQ ID NO:18
BDNF肽编码序列
GenBank登录号:M37762
MTILFLTMVISYFGCMKAAPMKEANIRGQGGLAYPGVRTHGTLE
SVNGPKAGSRGLTSLADTFEHVIEELLDEDQKVRPNEENNKDADLYTSRVMLSSQVPLEPPLLFLLEEYKNYLDAANMSMRVRRHSDPARRGELSVCDSISEWVTAADKKTAVDMSGGTVTVLEKVPVSKGQLKQYFYETKCNPMGYTKEGCRGIDKRHWNSQCRTTQSYVRALTMDSKKRIGWRFIRIDTSCVCTLTIKRGR
SEQ ID NO:19
NGF肽编码序列
GenBank登录号:AAV38538
MSMLFYTLITAFLIGIQAEPHSESNVPAGHTIPQAHWTKLQHSLDTALRRARSAPAAAIAARVAGQTRNITVDPRLFKKRRLRSPRVLFSTQPPREAADTQDLDFEVGGAAPFNRTHRSKRSSSHPIFHRGEFSVCDSVSVWVGDKTTATDIKGKEVMVLGEVNINNSVFKQYFFETKCRDPNPVDSGCRGIDSKHWNSYCTTTHTFVKALTMDGKQAAWRFIRIDTACVCVLSRKAVRRA
SEQ ID NO:20
β-淀粉样蛋白肽编码序列
GenBank登录号:BC004369
MLPGLALLLLAAWTARALEVPTDGNAGLLAEPQIAMFCGRLNMH
MNVQNGKWDSDPSGTKTCIDTKEGILQYCQEVYPELQITNVVEANQPVTIQNWCKRGRKQCKTHPHFVIPYRCLVGEFVSDALLVPDKCKFLHQERMDVCETHLHWHTVAKETCSEKSTNLHDYGMLLPCGIDKFRGVEFVCCPLAEESDNVDSADAEEDDSDVWWGGADTDYADGSEDKVVEVAEEEEVAEVEEEEADDDEDDEDGDEVEEEAEEPYEEATERTTSIATTTTTTTESVEEVVREKWYKEVHSGQARWLML
SEQ ID NO:21
ApoE肽编码序列
GenBank登录号:BC003557
MKVLWAALLVTFLAGCQAKVEQAVETEPEPELRQQTEWQSGQRW
ELALGRFWDYLRWVQTLSEQVQEELLSSQVTQELRALMDETMKELKAYKSELEEQLTPVAEETRARLSKELQAAQARLGADMEDVCGRLVQYRGEVQAMLGQSTEELRVRLASHLRKLRKRLLRDADDLQKRLAVYQAGAREGAERGLSAIRERLGPLVEQGRVRAATVGSLAGQPLQERAQAWGERLRARMEEMGSRTRDRLDEVKEQVAEVRAKLEEQAQQIRLQAEAFQARLKSWFEPLVEDMQRQWAGLVEKVQAAVGTSAAPVPSDNH
SEQ ID NO:22
ApoE-2肽编码序列
MKVLWAALLVTFLAGCQAKVEQAVETEPEPELRQQTEWQSGQRW
ELALGRFWDYLRWVQTLSEQVQEELLSSQVTQELRALMDETMKELKAYKSELEEQLTPVAEETRARLSKELQAAQARLGADMEDVCGRLVQYRGEVQAMLGQSTEELRVRLASHLRKLRKRLLRDADDLQKRLAVYQAGAREGAERGLSAIRERLGPLVEQGRVRAATVGSLAGQPLQERAQAWGERLRARMEEMGSRTRDRLDEVKEQVAEVRAKLEEQAQQIRLQAEAFQARLKSWFEPLVEDMQRQWAGLVEKVQAAVGTSAAPVPSDNH
序列表
<110> T.J.杨
<120> 使用基因疗法治疗和预防神经变性疾病
<130> 069662-0502
<140> PCT/US2008/052953
<141> 2008-02-04
<150> 60/900,138
<151> 2007-02-06
<160> 22
<170> PatentIn version 3.3
<210> 1
<211> 614
<212> DNA
<213> 智人(Homo sapiens)
<400> 1
gatcgttagc ttctcctgat aaactaattg cctcacattg tcactgcaaa tcgacaccta 60
ttaatgggtc tcacctccca actgcttccc cctctgttct tcctgctagc atgtgccggc 120
aactttgtcc acggacacaa gtgcgatatc accttacagg agatcatcaa aactttgaac 180
agcctcacag agcagaagac tctgtgcacc gagttgaccg taacagacat ctttgctgcc 240
tccaagaaca caactgagaa ggaaaccttc tgcagggctg cgactgtgct ccggcagttc 300
tacagccacc atgagaagga cactcgctgc ctgggtgcga ctgcacagca gttccacagg 360
cacaagcagc tgatccgatt cctgaaacgg ctcgacagga acctctgggg cctggcgggc 420
ttgaattcct gtcctgtgaa ggaagccaac cagagtacgt tggaaaactt cttggaaagg 480
ctaaagacga tcatgagaga gaaatattca aagtgttcga gctgaatatt ttaatttatg 540
agtttttgat agctttattt tttaagtatt tatatattta taactcatca taaaataaag 600
tatatataga atct 614
<210> 2
<211> 459
<212> DNA
<213> 智人
<400> 2
caaacgcaga acgtttcaga gccatgagga tgcttctgca tttgagtttg ctagctcttg 60
gagctgccta cgtgtatgcc atccccacag aaattcccac aagtgcattg gtgaaagaga 120
ccttggcact gctttctact catcgaactc tgctgatagc caatgagact ctgaggattc 180
ctgttcctgt acataaaaat caccaactgt gcactgaaga aatctttcag ggaataggca 240
cactggagag tcaaactgtg caagggggta ctgtggaaag actattcaaa aacttgtcct 300
taataaagaa atacattgac ggccaaaaaa aaaagtgtgg agaagaaaga cggagagtaa 360
accaattcct agactacctg caagagtttc ttggtgtaat gaacaccgag tggataatag 420
aaagttgaga ctaaactggt tgttgcagcc aaagataac 459
<210> 3
<211> 1601
<212> DNA
<213> 智人
<400> 3
aaaccacaag acagacttgc aaaagaaggc atgcacagct cagcactgct ctgttgcctg 60
gtcctcctga ctggggtgag ggccagccca ggccagggca cccagtctga gaacagctgc 120
acccacttcc caggcaacct gcctaacatg cttcgagatc tccgagatgc cttcagcaga 180
gtgaagactt tctttcaaat gaaggatcag ctggacaact tgttgttaaa ggagtccttg 240
ctggaggact ttaagggtta cctgggttgc caagccttgt ctgagatgat ccagttttac 300
ctggaggagg tgatgcccca agctgagaac caagacccag acatcaaggc gcatgtgaac 360
tccctggggg agaacctgaa gaccctcagg ctgaggctac ggcgctgtca tcgatttctt 420
ccctgtgaaa acaagagcaa ggccgtggag caggtgaaga atgcctttaa taagctccaa 480
gagaaaggca tctacaaagc catgagtgag tttgacatct tcatcaacta catagaagcc 540
tacatgacaa tgaagatacg aaactgagac atcagggtgg cgactctata gactctagga 600
cataaattag aggtctccaa aatcggatct ggggctctgg gatagctgac ccagcccctt 660
gagaaacctt attgtacctc tcttatagaa tatttattac ctctgatacc tcaaccccca 720
tttctattta tttactgagc ttctctgtga acgatttaga aagaagccca atattataat 780
ttttttcaat atttattatt ttcacctgtt tttaagctgt ttccataggg tgacacacta 840
tggtatttga gtgttttaag ataaattata agttacataa gggaggaaaa aaaatgttct 900
ttggggagcc aacagaagct tccattccaa gcctgaccac gctttctagc tgttgagctg 960
ttttccctga cctccctcta atttatcttg tctctgggct tggggcttcc taactgctac 1020
aaatactctt aggaagagaa accagggagc ccctttgatg attaattcac cttccagtgt 1080
ctcggaggga ttcccctaac ctcattcccc aaccacttca ttcttgaaag ctgtggccag 1140
cttgttattt ataacaacct aaatttggtt ctaggccggg cgcggtggct cacgcctgta 1200
atcccagcac tttgggaggc tgaggcgggt ggatcacttg aggtcaggag ttcctaacca 1260
gcctggtcaa catggtgaaa ccccgtctct actaaaaata caaaaattag ccgggcatgg 1320
tggcgcgcac ctgtaatccc agctacttgg gaggctgagg caagagaatt gcttgaaccc 1380
aggagatgga agttgcagtg agctgatatc atgcccctgt actccagcct gggtgacaga 1440
gcaagactct gtctcaaaaa aataaaaata aaaataaatt tggttctaat agaactcagt 1500
tttaactaga atttattcaa ttcctctggg aatgttacat tgtttgtctg tcttcatagc 1560
agattttaat tttgaataaa taaatgtatc ttattcacat c 1601
<210> 4
<211> 1270
<212> DNA
<213> 智人
<400> 4
ttcggcatcc gctcctcaat cctctcctgt tggcactggg cctcatggcg cttttgttga 60
ccacggtcat tgctctcact tgccttggcg gctttgcctc cccaggccct gtgcctccct 120
ctacagccct cagggagctc attgaggagc tggtcaacat cacccagaac cagaaggctc 180
cgctctgcaa tggcagcatg gtatggagca tcaacctgac agctggcatg tactgtgcag 240
ccctggaatc cctgatcaac gtgtcaggct gcagtgccat cgagaagacc cagaggatgc 300
tgagcggatt ctgcccgcac aaggtctcag ctgggcagtt ttccagcttg catgtccgag 360
acaccaaaat cgaggtggcc cagtttgtaa aggacctgct cttacattta aagaaacttt 420
ttcgcgaggg acggttcaac tgaaacttcg aaagcatcat tatttgcaga gacaggacct 480
gactattgaa gttgcagatt catttttctt tctgatgtca aaaatgtctt gggtaggcgg 540
gaaggagggt tagggagggg taaaattcct tagcttagac ctcagcctgt gctgcccgtc 600
ttcagcctag ccgacctcag ccttcccctt gcccagggct cagcctggtg ggcctcctct 660
gtccagggcc ctgagctcgg tggacccagg gatgacatgt ccctacaccc ctcccctgcc 720
ctagagcaca ctgtagcatt acagtgggtg ccccccttgc cagacatgtg gtgggacagg 780
gacccacttc acacacaggc aactgaggca gacagcagct caggcacact tcttcttggt 840
cttatttatt attgtgtgtt atttaaatga gtgtgtttgt caccgttggg gattggggaa 900
gactgtggct gctggcactt ggagccaagg gttcagagac tcagggcccc agcactaaag 960
cagtggaccc caggagtccc tggtaataag tactgtgtac agaattctgc tacctcactg 1020
gggtcctggg gcctcggagc ctcatccgag gcagggtcag gagaggggca gaacagccgc 1080
tcctgtctgc cagccagcag ccagctctca gccaacgagt aatttattgt ttttcctcgt 1140
atttaaatat taaatatgtt agcaaagagt taatatatag aagggtacct tgaacactgg 1200
gggaggggac attgaacaag ttgtttcatt gactatcaaa ctgaagccag aaataaagtt 1260
ggtgacagat 1270
<210> 5
<211> 1448
<212> DNA
<213> 智人
<400> 5
gtgaccgagc ggcgcggacg gccgcctgcc ccctctgcca cctggggcgg tgcgggcccg 60
gagcccggag cccgggtagc gcgtagagcc ggcgcgatgc acgtgcgctc actgcgagct 120
gcggcgccgc acagcttcgt ggcgctctgg gcacccctgt tcctgctgcg ctccgccctg 180
gccgacttca gcctggacaa cgaggtgcac tcgagcttca tccaccggcg cctccgcagc 240
caggagcggc gggagatgca gcgcgagatc ctctccattt tgggcttgcc ccaccgcccg 300
cgcccgcacc tccagggcaa gcacaactcg gcacccatgt tcatgctgga cctgtacaac 360
gccatggcgg tggaggaggg cggcgggccc ggcggccagg gcttctccta cccctacaag 420
gccgtcttca gtacccaggg cccccctctg gccagcctgc aagatagcca tttcctcacc 480
gacgccgaca tggtcatgag cttcgtcaac ctcgtggaac atgacaagga attcttccac 540
ccacgctacc accatcgaga gttccggttt gatctttcca agatcccaga aggggaagct 600
gtcacggcag ccgaattccg gatctacaag gactacatcc gggaacgctt cgacaatgag 660
acgttccgga tcagcgttta tcaggtgctc caggagcact tgggcaggga atcggatctc 720
ttcctgctcg acagccgtac cctctgggcc tcggaggagg gctggctggt gtttgacatc 780
acagccacca gcaaccactg ggtggtcaat ccgcggcaca acctgggcct gcagctctcg 840
gtggagacgc tggatgggca gagcatcaac cccaagttgg cgggcctgat tgggcggcac 900
gggccccaga acaagcagcc cttcatggtg gctttcttca aggccacgga ggtccacttc 960
cgcagcatcc ggtccacggg gagcaaacag cgcagccaga accgctccaa gacgcccaag 1020
aaccaggaag ccctgcggat ggccaacgtg gcagagaaca gcagcagcga ccagaggcag 1080
gcctgtaaga agcacgagct gtatgtcagc ttccgagacc tgggctggca ggactggatc 1140
atcgcgcctg aaggctacgc cgcctactac tgtgaggggg agtgtgcctt ccctctgaac 1200
tcctacatga acgccaccaa ccacgccatc gtgcagacgc tggtccactt catcaacccg 1260
gaaacggtgc ccaagccctg ctgtgcgccc acgcagctca atgccatctc cgtcctctac 1320
ttcgatgaca gctccaacgt catcctgaag aaatacagaa acatggtggt ccgggcctgt 1380
ggctgccact agctcctccg agaattcaga ccctttgggg ccaagttttt ctggatcctc 1440
cattgctc 1448
<210> 6
<211> 1244
<212> DNA
<213> 智人
<400> 6
agcacattgt tctgatcatc tgaagatcag ctattagaag agaaagatca gttaagtcct 60
ttggacctga tcagcttgat acaagaacta ctgatttcaa cttctttggc ttaattctct 120
cggaaacgat gaaatataca agttatatct tggcttttca gctctgcatc gttttgggtt 180
ctcttggctg ttactgccag gacccatatg taaaagaagc agaaaacctt aagaaatatt 240
ttaatgcagg tcattcagat gtagcggata atggaactct tttcttaggc attttgaaga 300
attggaaaga ggagagtgac agaaaaataa tgcagagcca aattgtctcc ttttacttca 360
aactttttaa aaactttaaa gatgaccaga gcatccaaaa gagtgtggag accatcaagg 420
aagacatgaa tgtcaagttt ttcaatagca acaaaaagaa acgagatgac ttcgaaaagc 480
tgactaatta ttcggtaact gacttgaatg tccaacgcaa agcaatacat gaactcatcc 540
aagtgatggc tgaactgtcg ccagcagcta aaacagggaa gcgaaaaagg agtcagatgc 600
tgtttcgagg tcgaagagca tcccagtaat ggttgtcctg cctgcaatat ttgaatttta 660
aatctaaatc tatttattaa tatttaacat tatttatatg gggaatatat ttttagactc 720
atcaatcaaa taagtattta taatagcaac ttttgtgtaa tgaaaatgaa tatctattaa 780
tatatgtatt atttataatt cctatatcct gtgactgtct cacttaatcc tttgttttct 840
gactaattag gcaaggctat gtgattacaa ggctttatct caggggccaa ctaggcagcc 900
aacctaagca agatcccatg ggttgtgtgt ttatttcact tgatgataca atgaacactt 960
ataagtgaag tgatactatc cagttactgc cggtttgaaa atatgcctgc aatttgagcc 1020
agtgctttaa tggcatgtca gacagaactt gaatgtgtca ggtgaccctg atgaaaacat 1080
agcatctcag gagatttcat gcctggtgct tccaaatatt gttgacaact gtgactgtac 1140
ccaaatggaa agtaactcat ttgttaaaat tatcaatatc taatatatat gaataaagtg 1200
taagttcaca actgaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa aaaa 1244
<210> 7
<211> 918
<212> DNA
<213> 智人
<400> 7
ggtgaaagaa agccctaacc agttttctgt cttgtttctg ctttctccct acagttccac 60
caggtgagaa gagtgatgac catccttttc cttactatgg ttatttcata ctttggttgc 120
atgaaggctg cccccatgaa agaagcaaac atccgaggac aaggtggctt ggcctaccca 180
ggtgtgcgga cccatgggac tctggagagc gtgaatgggc ccaaggcagg ttcaagaggc 240
ttgacatcat tggctgacac tttcgaacac gtgatagaag agctgttgga tgaggaccag 300
aaagttcggc ccaatgaaga aaacaataag gacgcagact tgtacacgtc cagggtgatg 360
ctcagtagtc aagtgccttt ggagcctcct cttctctttc tgctggagga atacaaaaat 420
tacctagatg ctgcaaacat gtccatgagg gtccggcgcc actctgaccc tgcccgccga 480
ggggagctga gcgtgtgtga cagtattagt gagtgggtaa cggcggcaga caaaaagact 540
gcagtggaca tgtcgggcgg gacggtcaca gtccttgaaa aggtccctgt atcaaaaggc 600
caactgaagc aatacttcta cgagaccaag tgcaatccca tgggttacac aaaagaaggc 660
tgcaggggca tagacaaaag gcattggaac tcccagtgcc gaactaccca gtcgtacgtg 720
cgggccctta ccatggatag caaaaagaga attggctggc gattcataag gatagacact 780
tcttgtgtat gtacattgac cattaaaagg ggaagatagt ggatttatgt tgtatagatt 840
agattatatt gagacaaaaa ttatctattt gtatatatac ataacagggt aaattattca 900
gttaagaaaa aaataatt 918
<210> 8
<211> 726
<212> DNA
<213> 智人
<400> 8
atgtccatgt tgttctacac tctgatcaca gcttttctga tcggcataca ggcggaacca 60
cactcagaga gcaatgtccc tgcaggacac accatccccc aagcccactg gactaaactt 120
cagcattccc ttgacactgc ccttcgcaga gcccgcagcg ccccggcagc ggcgatagct 180
gcacgcgtgg cggggcagac ccgcaacatt actgtggacc ccaggctgtt taaaaagcgg 240
cgactccgtt caccccgtgt gctgtttagc acccagcctc cccgtgaagc tgcagacact 300
caggatctgg acttcgaggt cggtggtgct gcccccttca acaggactca caggagcaag 360
cggtcatcat cccatcccat cttccacagg ggcgaattct cggtgtgtga cagtgtcagc 420
gtgtgggttg gggataagac caccgccaca gacatcaagg gcaaggaggt gatggtgttg 480
ggagaggtga acattaacaa cagtgtattc aaacagtact tttttgagac caagtgccgg 540
gacccaaatc ccgttgacag cgggtgccgg ggcattgact caaagcactg gaactcatat 600
tgtaccacga ctcacacctt tgtcaaggcg ctgaccatgg atggcaagca ggctgcctgg 660
cggtttatcc ggatagatac ggcctgtgtg tgtgtgctca gcaggaaggc tgtgagaaga 720
gcctag 726
<210> 9
<211> 1319
<212> DNA
<213> 智人
<400> 9
cgagagcacg cggagcagcg tgcgcggggg ccccgggaga cggcggcggt ggcggcgcgg 60
gcagagcaag gacgcggcgg atcccactcg cacagcagcg cactcggtgc cccgcgcagg 120
gtcgcgatgc tgcccggttt ggcactgctc ctgctggccg cctggacggc tcgggcgctg 180
gaggtaccca ctgatggtaa tgctggcctg ctggctgaac cccagattgc catgttctgt 240
ggcagactga acatgcacat gaatgtccag aatgggaagt gggattcaga tccatcaggg 300
accaaaacct gcattgatac caaggaaggc atcctgcagt attgccaaga agtctaccct 360
gaactgcaga tcaccaatgt ggtagaagcc aaccaaccag tgaccatcca gaactggtgc 420
aagcggggcc gcaagcagtg caagacccat ccccactttg tgattcccta ccgctgctta 480
gttggtgagt ttgtaagtga tgcccttctc gttcctgaca agtgcaaatt cttacaccag 540
gagaggatgg atgtttgcga aactcatctt cactggcaca ccgtcgccaa agagacatgc 600
agtgagaaga gtaccaactt gcatgactac ggcatgttgc tgccctgcgg aattgacaag 660
ttccgagggg tagagtttgt gtgttgccca ctggctgaag aaagtgacaa tgtggattct 720
gctgatgcgg aggaggatga ctcggatgtc tggtggggcg gagcagacac agactatgca 780
gatgggagtg aagacaaagt agtagaagta gcagaggagg aagaagtggc tgaggtggaa 840
gaagaagaag ccgatgatga cgaggacgat gaggatggtg atgaggtaga ggaagaggct 900
gaggaaccct acgaagaagc cacagagaga accaccagca ttgccaccac caccaccacc 960
accacagagt ctgtggaaga ggtggttcga gagaagtggt ataaggaagt acattctggc 1020
caggcacgat ggctcatgct gtaatcccag cactttggga ggccgaggtg ggtgcatcac 1080
ctgaggtcag gagtttgaga ccagcctggc caacatggtg aaacccctcg ctactaaaaa 1140
tacaaaaatt agccgggcgt ggtggcacac acctgtggtc ccagctactc gggaggctga 1200
agcaggagaa tcgcttgaac ccgggagacg gaggttgcag taagccgagt tcactccatt 1260
gtactctagc ctgggtgaca gagcgagatt cgtctcaaaa aaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaa 1319
<210> 10
<211> 1186
<212> DNA
<213> 智人
<400> 10
ggacgtcctt ccccaggagc cgactggcca atcacaggca ggaagatgaa ggttctgtgg 60
gctgcgttgc tggtcacatt cctggcagga tgccaggcca aggtggagca agcggtggag 120
acagagccgg agcccgagct gcgccagcag accgagtggc agagcggcca gcgctgggaa 180
ctggcactgg gtcgcttttg ggattacctg cgctgggtgc agacactgtc tgagcaggtg 240
caggaggagc tgctcagctc ccaggtcacc caggaactga gggcgctgat ggacgagacc 300
atgaaggagt tgaaggccta caaatcggaa ctggaggaac aactgacccc ggtggcggag 360
gagacgcggg cacggctgtc caaggagctg caggcggcgc aggcccggct gggcgcggac 420
atggaggacg tgtgcggccg cctggtgcag taccgcggcg aggtgcaggc catgctcggc 480
cagagcaccg aggagctgcg ggtgcgcctc gcctcccacc tgcgcaagct gcgtaagcgg 540
ctcctccgcg atgccgatga cctgcagaag cgcctggcag tgtaccaggc cggggcccgc 600
gagggcgccg agcgcggcct cagcgccatc cgcgagcgcc tggggcccct ggtggaacag 660
ggccgcgtgc gggccgccac tgtgggctcc ctggccggcc agccgctaca ggagcgggcc 720
caggcctggg gcgagcggct gcgcgcgcgg atggaggaga tgggcagccg gacccgcgac 780
cgcctggacg aggtgaagga gcaggtggcg gaggtgcgcg ccaagctgga ggagcaggcc 840
cagcagatac gcctgcaggc cgaggccttc caggcccgcc tcaagagctg gttcgagccc 900
ctggtggaag acatgcagcg ccagtgggcc gggctggtgg agaaggtgca ggctgccgtg 960
ggcaccagcg ccgcccctgt gcccagcgac aatcactgaa cgccgaagcc tgcagccatg 1020
cgaccccacg ccaccccgtg cctcctgcct ccgcgcagcc tgcagcggga gaccctgtcc 1080
ccgccccagc cgtcctcctg gggtggaccc tagtttaata aagattcacc aagtttcacg 1140
caaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa aaaaac 1186
<210> 11
<211> 954
<212> DNA
<213> 智人
<400> 11
atgaaggttc tgtgggctgc gttgctggtc acattcctgg caggatgcca ggccaaggtg 60
gagcaagcgg tggagacaga gccggagccc gagctgcgcc agcagaccga gtggcagagc 120
ggccagcgct gggaactggc actgggtcgc ttttgggatt acctgcgctg ggtgcagaca 180
ctgtctgagc aggtgcagga ggagctgctc agctcccagg tcacccagga actgagggcg 240
ctgatggacg agaccatgaa ggagttgaag gcctacaaat cggaactgga ggaacaactg 300
accccggtgg cggaggagac gcgggcacgg ctgtccaagg agctgcaggc ggcgcaggcc 360
cggctgggcg cggacatgga ggacgtgtgc ggccgcctgg tgcagtaccg cggcgaggtg 420
caggccatgc tcggccagag caccgaggag ctgcgggtgc gcctcgcctc ccacctgcgc 480
aagctgtgta agcggctcct ccgcgatgcc gatgacctgc agaagtgcct ggcagtgtac 540
caggccgggg cccgcgaggg cgccgagcgc ggcctcagcg ccatccgcga gcgcctgggg 600
cccctggtgg aacagggccg cgtgcgggcc gccactgtgg gctccctggc cggccagccg 660
ctacaggagc gggcccaggc ctggggcgag cggctgcgcg cgcggatgga ggagatgggc 720
agccggaccc gcgaccgcct ggacgaggtg aaggagcagg tggcggaggt gcgcgccaag 780
ctggaggagc aggcccagca gatacgcctg caggccgagg ccttccaggc ccgcctcaag 840
agctggttcg agcccctggt ggaagacatg cagcgccagt gggccgggct ggtggagaag 900
gtgcaggctg ccgtgggcac cagcgccgcc cctgtgccca gcgacaatca ctga 954
<210> 12
<211> 153
<212> PRT
<213> 智人
<400> 12
Met Gly Leu Thr Ser Gln Leu Leu Pro Pro Leu Phe Phe Leu Leu Ala
1 5 10 15
Cys Ala Gly Asn Phe Val His Gly His Lys Cys Asp Ile Thr Leu Gln
20 25 30
Glu Ile Ile Lys Thr Leu Asn Ser Leu Thr Glu Gln Lys Thr Leu Cys
35 40 45
Thr Glu Leu Thr Val Thr Asp Ile Phe Ala Ala Ser Lys Asn Thr Thr
50 55 60
Glu Lys Glu Thr Phe Cys Arg Ala Ala Thr Val Leu Arg Gln Phe Tyr
65 70 75 80
Ser His His Glu Lys Asp Thr Arg Cys Leu Gly Ala Thr Ala Gln Gln
85 90 95
Phe His Arg His Lys Gln Leu Ile Arg Phe Leu Lys Arg Leu Asp Arg
100 105 110
Asn Leu Trp Gly Leu Ala Gly Leu Asn Ser Cys Pro Val Lys Glu Ala
115 120 125
Asn Gln Ser Thr Leu Glu Asn Phe Leu Glu Arg Leu Lys Thr Ile Met
130 135 140
Arg Glu Lys Tyr Ser Lys Cys Ser Ser
145 150
<210> 13
<211> 134
<212> PRT
<213> 智人
<400> 13
Met Arg Met Leu Leu His Leu Ser Leu Leu Ala Leu Gly Ala Ala Tyr
1 5 10 15
Val Tyr Ala Ile Pro Thr Glu Ile Pro Thr Ser Ala Leu Val Lys Glu
20 25 30
Thr Leu Ala Leu Leu Ser Thr His Arg Thr Leu Leu Ile Ala Asn Glu
35 40 45
Thr Leu Arg Ile Pro Val Pro Val His Lys Asn His Gln Leu Cys Thr
50 55 60
Glu Glu Ile Phe Gln Gly Ile Gly Thr Leu Glu Ser Gln Thr Val Gln
65 70 75 80
Gly Gly Thr Val Glu Arg Leu Phe Lys Asn Leu Ser Leu Ile Lys Lys
85 90 95
Tyr Ile Asp Gly Gln Lys Lys Lys Cys Gly Glu Glu Arg Arg Arg Val
100 105 110
Asn Gln Phe Leu Asp Tyr Leu Gln Glu Phe Leu Gly Val Met Asn Thr
115 120 125
Glu Trp Ile Ile Glu Ser
130
<210> 14
<211> 178
<212> PRT
<213> 智人
<400> 14
Met His Ser Ser Ala Leu Leu Cys Cys Leu Val Leu Leu Thr Gly Val
1 5 10 15
Arg Ala Ser Pro Gly Gln Gly Thr Gln Ser Glu Asn Ser Cys Thr His
20 25 30
Phe Pro Gly Asn Leu Pro Asn Met Leu Arg Asp Leu Arg Asp Ala Phe
35 40 45
Ser Arg Val Lys Thr Phe Phe Gln Met Lys Asp Gln Leu Asp Asn Leu
50 55 60
Leu Leu Lys Glu Ser Leu Leu Glu Asp Phe Lys Gly Tyr Leu Gly Cys
65 70 75 80
Gln Ala Leu Ser Glu Met Ile Gln Phe Tyr Leu Glu Glu Val Met Pro
85 90 95
Gln Ala Glu Asn Gln Asp Pro Asp Ile Lys Ala His Val Asn Ser Leu
100 105 110
Gly Glu Asn Leu Lys Thr Leu Arg Leu Arg Leu Arg Arg Cys His Arg
115 120 125
Phe Leu Pro Cys Glu Asn Lys Ser Lys Ala Val Glu Gln Val Lys Asn
130 135 140
Ala Phe Asn Lys Leu Gln Glu Lys Gly Ile Tyr Lys Ala Met Ser Glu
145 150 155 160
Phe Asp Ile Phe Ile Asn Tyr Ile Glu Ala Tyr Met Thr Met Lys Ile
165 170 175
Arg Asn
<210> 15
<211> 132
<212> PRT
<213> 智人
<400> 15
Met Ala Leu Leu Leu Thr Thr Val Ile Ala Leu Thr Cys Leu Gly Gly
1 5 10 15
Phe Ala Ser Pro Gly Pro Val Pro Pro Ser Thr Ala Leu Arg Glu Leu
20 25 30
Ile Glu Glu Leu Val Asn Ile Thr Gln Asn Gln Lys Ala Pro Leu Cys
35 40 45
Asn Gly Ser Met Val Trp Ser Ile Asn Leu Thr Ala Gly Met Tyr Cys
50 55 60
Ala Ala Leu Glu Ser Leu Ile Asn Val Ser Gly Cys Ser Ala Ile Glu
65 70 75 80
Lys Thr Gln Arg Met Leu Ser Gly Phe Cys Pro His Lys Val Ser Ala
85 90 95
Gly Gln Phe Ser Ser Leu His Val Arg Asp Thr Lys Ile Glu Val Ala
100 105 110
Gln Phe Val Lys Asp Leu Leu Leu His Leu Lys Lys Leu Phe Arg Glu
115 120 125
Gly Arg Phe Asn
130
<210> 16
<211> 431
<212> PRT
<213> 智人
<400> 16
Met His Val Arg Ser Leu Arg Ala Ala Ala Pro His Ser Phe Val Ala
1 5 10 15
Leu Trp Ala Pro Leu Phe Leu Leu Arg Ser Ala Leu Ala Asp Phe Ser
20 25 30
Leu Asp Asn Glu Val His Ser Ser Phe Ile His Arg Arg Leu Arg Ser
35 40 45
Gln Glu Arg Arg Glu Met Gln Arg Glu Ile Leu Ser Ile Leu Gly Leu
50 55 60
Pro His Arg Pro Arg Pro His Leu Gln Gly Lys His Asn Ser Ala Pro
65 70 75 80
Met Phe Met Leu Asp Leu Tyr Asn Ala Met Ala Val Glu Glu Gly Gly
85 90 95
Gly Pro Gly Gly Gln Gly Phe Ser Tyr Pro Tyr Lys Ala Val Phe Ser
100 105 110
Thr Gln Gly Pro Pro Leu Ala Ser Leu Gln Asp Ser His Phe Leu Thr
115 120 125
Asp Ala Asp Met Val Met Ser Phe Val Asn Leu Val Glu His Asp Lys
130 135 140
Glu Phe Phe His Pro Arg Tyr His His Arg Glu Phe Arg Phe Asp Leu
145 150 155 160
Ser Lys Ile Pro Glu Gly Glu Ala Val Thr Ala Ala Glu Phe Arg Ile
165 170 175
Tyr Lys Asp Tyr Ile Arg Glu Arg Phe Asp Asn Glu Thr Phe Arg Ile
180 185 190
Ser Val Tyr Gln Val Leu Gln Glu His Leu Gly Arg Glu Ser Asp Leu
195 200 205
Phe Leu Leu Asp Ser Arg Thr Leu Trp Ala Ser Glu Glu Gly Trp Leu
210 215 220
Val Phe Asp Ile Thr Ala Thr Ser Asn His Trp Val Val Asn Pro Arg
225 230 235 240
His Asn Leu Gly Leu Gln Leu Ser Val Glu Thr Leu Asp Gly Gln Ser
245 250 255
Ile Asn Pro Lys Leu Ala Gly Leu Ile Gly Arg His Gly Pro Gln Asn
260 265 270
Lys Gln Pro Phe Met Val Ala Phe Phe Lys Ala Thr Glu Val His Phe
275 280 285
Arg Ser Ile Arg Ser Thr Gly Ser Lys Gln Arg Ser Gln Asn Arg Ser
290 295 300
Lys Thr Pro Lys Asn Gln Glu Ala Leu Arg Met Ala Asn Val Ala Glu
305 310 315 320
Asn Ser Ser Ser Asp Gln Arg Gln Ala Cys Lys Lys His Glu Leu Tyr
325 330 335
Val Ser Phe Arg Asp Leu Gly Trp Gln Asp Trp Ile Ile Ala Pro Glu
340 345 350
Gly Tyr Ala Ala Tyr Tyr Cys Glu Gly Glu Cys Ala Phe Pro Leu Asn
355 360 365
Ser Tyr Met Asn Ala Thr Asn His Ala Ile Val Gln Thr Leu Val His
370 375 380
Phe Ile Asn Pro Glu Thr Val Pro Lys Pro Cys Cys Ala Pro Thr Gln
385 390 395 400
Leu Asn Ala Ile Ser Val Leu Tyr Phe Asp Asp Ser Ser Asn Val Ile
405 410 415
Leu Lys Lys Tyr Arg Asn Met Val Val Arg Ala Cys Gly Cys His
420 425 430
<210> 17
<211> 166
<212> PRT
<213> 智人
<400> 17
Met Lys Tyr Thr Ser Tyr Ile Leu Ala Phe Gln Leu Cys Ile Val Leu
1 5 10 15
Gly Ser Leu Gly Cys Tyr Cys Gln Asp Pro Tyr Val Lys Glu Ala Glu
20 25 30
Asn Leu Lys Lys Tyr Phe Asn Ala Gly His Ser Asp Val Ala Asp Asn
35 40 45
Gly Thr Leu Phe Leu Gly Ile Leu Lys Asn Trp Lys Glu Glu Ser Asp
50 55 60
Arg Lys Ile Met Gln Ser Gln Ile Val Ser Phe Tyr Phe Lys Leu Phe
65 70 75 80
Lys Asn Phe Lys Asp Asp Gln Ser Ile Gln Lys Ser Val Glu Thr Ile
85 90 95
Lys Glu Asp Met Asn Val Lys Phe Phe Asn Ser Asn Lys Lys Lys Arg
100 105 110
Asp Asp Phe Glu Lys Leu Thr Asn Tyr Ser Val Thr Asp Leu Asn Val
115 120 125
Gln Arg Lys Ala Ile His Glu Leu Ile Gln Val Met Ala Glu Leu Ser
130 135 140
Pro Ala Ala Lys Thr Gly Lys Arg Lys Arg Ser Gln Met Leu Phe Arg
145 150 155 160
Gly Arg Arg Ala Ser Gln
165
<210> 18
<211> 247
<212> PRT
<213> 智人
<400> 18
Met Thr Ile Leu Phe Leu Thr Met Val Ile Ser Tyr Phe Gly Cys Met
1 5 10 15
Lys Ala Ala Pro Met Lys Glu Ala Asn Ile Arg Gly Gln Gly Gly Leu
20 25 30
Ala Tyr Pro Gly Val Arg Thr His Gly Thr Leu Glu Ser Val Asn Gly
35 40 45
Pro Lys Ala Gly Ser Arg Gly Leu Thr Ser Leu Ala Asp Thr Phe Glu
50 55 60
His Val Ile Glu Glu Leu Leu Asp Glu Asp Gln Lys Val Arg Pro Asn
65 70 75 80
Glu Glu Asn Asn Lys Asp Ala Asp Leu Tyr Thr Ser Arg Val Met Leu
85 90 95
Ser Ser Gln Val Pro Leu Glu Pro Pro Leu Leu Phe Leu Leu Glu Glu
100 105 110
Tyr Lys Asn Tyr Leu Asp Ala Ala Asn Met Ser Met Arg Val Arg Arg
115 120 125
His Ser Asp Pro Ala Arg Arg Gly Glu Leu Ser Val Cys Asp Ser Ile
130 135 140
Ser Glu Trp Val Thr Ala Ala Asp Lys Lys Thr Ala Val Asp Met Ser
145 150 155 160
Gly Gly Thr Val Thr Val Leu Glu Lys Val Pro Val Ser Lys Gly Gln
165 170 175
Leu Lys Gln Tyr Phe Tyr Glu Thr Lys Cys Asn Pro Met Gly Tyr Thr
180 185 190
Lys Glu Gly Cys Arg Gly Ile Asp Lys Arg His Trp Asn Ser Gln Cys
195 200 205
Arg Thr Thr Gln Ser Tyr Val Arg Ala Leu Thr Met Asp Ser Lys Lys
210 215 220
Arg Ile Gly Trp Arg Phe Ile Arg Ile Asp Thr Ser Cys Val Cys Thr
225 230 235 240
Leu Thr Ile Lys Arg Gly Arg
245
<210> 19
<211> 241
<212> PRT
<213> 智人
<400> 19
Met Ser Met Leu Phe Tyr Thr Leu Ile Thr Ala Phe Leu Ile Gly Ile
1 5 10 15
Gln Ala Glu Pro His Ser Glu Ser Asn Val Pro Ala Gly His Thr Ile
20 25 30
Pro Gln Ala His Trp Thr Lys Leu Gln His Ser Leu Asp Thr Ala Leu
35 40 45
Arg Arg Ala Arg Ser Ala Pro Ala Ala Ala Ile Ala Ala Arg Val Ala
50 55 60
Gly Gln Thr Arg Asn Ile Thr Val Asp Pro Arg Leu Phe Lys Lys Arg
65 70 75 80
Arg Leu Arg Ser Pro Arg Val Leu Phe Ser Thr Gln Pro Pro Arg Glu
85 90 95
Ala Ala Asp Thr Gln Asp Leu Asp Phe Glu Val Gly Gly Ala Ala Pro
100 105 110
Phe Asn Arg Thr His Arg Ser Lys Arg Ser Ser Ser His Pro Ile Phe
115 120 125
His Arg Gly Glu Phe Ser Val Cys Asp Ser Val Ser Val Trp Val Gly
130 135 140
Asp Lys Thr Thr Ala Thr Asp Ile Lys Gly Lys Glu Val Met Val Leu
145 150 155 160
Gly Glu Val Asn Ile Asn Asn Ser Val Phe Lys Gln Tyr Phe Phe Glu
165 170 175
Thr Lys Cys Arg Asp Pro Asn Pro Val Asp Ser Gly Cys Arg Gly Ile
180 185 190
Asp Ser Lys His Trp Asn Ser Tyr Cys Thr Thr Thr His Thr Phe Val
195 200 205
Lys Ala Leu Thr Met Asp Gly Lys Gln Ala Ala Trp Arg Phe Ile Arg
210 215 220
Ile Asp Thr Ala Cys Val Cys Val Leu Ser Arg Lys Ala Val Arg Arg
225 230 235 240
Ala
<210> 20
<211> 305
<212> PRT
<213> 智人
<400> 20
Met Leu Pro Gly Leu Ala Leu Leu Leu Leu Ala Ala Trp Thr Ala Arg
1 5 10 15
Ala Leu Glu Val Pro Thr Asp Gly Asn Ala Gly Leu Leu Ala Glu Pro
20 25 30
Gln Ile Ala Met Phe Cys Gly Arg Leu Asn Met His Met Asn Val Gln
35 40 45
Asn Gly Lys Trp Asp Ser Asp Pro Ser Gly Thr Lys Thr Cys Ile Asp
50 55 60
Thr Lys Glu Gly Ile Leu Gln Tyr Cys Gln Glu Val Tyr Pro Glu Leu
65 70 75 80
Gln Ile Thr Asn Val Val Glu Ala Asn Gln Pro Val Thr Ile Gln Asn
85 90 95
Trp Cys Lys Arg Gly Arg Lys Gln Cys Lys Thr His Pro His Phe Val
100 105 110
Ile Pro Tyr Arg Cys Leu Val Gly Glu Phe Val Ser Asp Ala Leu Leu
115 120 125
Val Pro Asp Lys Cys Lys Phe Leu His Gln Glu Arg Met Asp Val Cys
130 135 140
Glu Thr His Leu His Trp His Thr Val Ala Lys Glu Thr Cys Ser Glu
145 150 155 160
Lys Ser Thr Asn Leu His Asp Tyr Gly Met Leu Leu Pro Cys Gly Ile
165 170 175
Asp Lys Phe Arg Gly Val Glu Phe Val Cys Cys Pro Leu Ala Glu Glu
180 185 190
Ser Asp Asn Val Asp Ser Ala Asp Ala Glu Glu Asp Asp Ser Asp Val
195 200 205
Trp Trp Gly Gly Ala Asp Thr Asp Tyr Ala Asp Gly Ser Glu Asp Lys
210 215 220
Val Val Glu Val Ala Glu Glu Glu Glu Val Ala Glu Val Glu Glu Glu
225 230 235 240
Glu Ala Asp Asp Asp Glu Asp Asp Glu Asp Gly Asp Glu Val Glu Glu
245 250 255
Glu Ala Glu Glu Pro Tyr Glu Glu Ala Thr Glu Arg Thr Thr Ser Ile
260 265 270
Ala Thr Thr Thr Thr Thr Thr Thr Glu Ser Val Glu Glu Val Val Arg
275 280 285
Glu Lys Trp Tyr Lys Glu Val His Ser Gly Gln Ala Arg Trp Leu Met
290 295 300
Leu
305
<210> 21
<211> 317
<212> PRT
<213> 智人
<400> 21
Met Lys Val Leu Trp Ala Ala Leu Leu Val Thr Phe Leu Ala Gly Cys
1 5 10 15
Gln Ala Lys Val Glu Gln Ala Val Glu Thr Glu Pro Glu Pro Glu Leu
20 25 30
Arg Gln Gln Thr Glu Trp Gln Ser Gly Gln Arg Trp Glu Leu Ala Leu
35 40 45
Gly Arg Phe Trp Asp Tyr Leu Arg Trp Val Gln Thr Leu Ser Glu Gln
50 55 60
Val Gln Glu Glu Leu Leu Ser Ser Gln Val Thr Gln Glu Leu Arg Ala
65 70 75 80
Leu Met Asp Glu Thr Met Lys Glu Leu Lys Ala Tyr Lys Ser Glu Leu
85 90 95
Glu Glu Gln Leu Thr Pro Val Ala Glu Glu Thr Arg Ala Arg Leu Ser
100 105 110
Lys Glu Leu Gln Ala Ala Gln Ala Arg Leu Gly Ala Asp Met Glu Asp
115 120 125
Val Cys Gly Arg Leu Val Gln Tyr Arg Gly Glu Val Gln Ala Met Leu
130 135 140
Gly Gln Ser Thr Glu Glu Leu Arg Val Arg Leu Ala Ser His Leu Arg
145 150 155 160
Lys Leu Arg Lys Arg Leu Leu Arg Asp Ala Asp Asp Leu Gln Lys Arg
165 170 175
Leu Ala Val Tyr Gln Ala Gly Ala Arg Glu Gly Ala Glu Arg Gly Leu
180 185 190
Ser Ala Ile Arg Glu Arg Leu Gly Pro Leu Val Glu Gln Gly Arg Val
195 200 205
Arg Ala Ala Thr Val Gly Ser Leu Ala Gly Gln Pro Leu Gln Glu Arg
210 215 220
Ala Gln Ala Trp Gly Glu Arg Leu Arg Ala Arg Met Glu Glu Met Gly
225 230 235 240
Ser Arg Thr Arg Asp Arg Leu Asp Glu Val Lys Glu Gln Val Ala Glu
245 250 255
Val Arg Ala Lys Leu Glu Glu Gln Ala Gln Gln Ile Arg Leu Gln Ala
260 265 270
Glu Ala Phe Gln Ala Arg Leu Lys Ser Trp Phe Glu Pro Leu Val Glu
275 280 285
Asp Met Gln Arg Gln Trp Ala Gly Leu Val Glu Lys Val Gln Ala Ala
290 295 300
Val Gly Thr Ser Ala Ala Pro Val Pro Ser Asp Asn His
305 310 315
<210> 22
<211> 317
<212> PRT
<213> 智人
<400> 22
Met Lys Val Leu Trp Ala Ala Leu Leu Val Thr Phe Leu Ala Gly Cys
1 5 10 15
Gln Ala Lys Val Glu Gln Ala Val Glu Thr Glu Pro Glu Pro Glu Leu
20 25 30
Arg Gln Gln Thr Glu Trp Gln Ser Gly Gln Arg Trp Glu Leu Ala Leu
35 40 45
Gly Arg Phe Trp Asp Tyr Leu Arg Trp Val Gln Thr Leu Ser Glu Gln
50 55 60
Val Gln Glu Glu Leu Leu Ser Ser Gln Val Thr Gln Glu Leu Arg Ala
65 70 75 80
Leu Met Asp Glu Thr Met Lys Glu Leu Lys Ala Tyr Lys Ser Glu Leu
85 90 95
Glu Glu Gln Leu Thr Pro Val Ala Glu Glu Thr Arg Ala Arg Leu Ser
100 105 110
Lys Glu Leu Gln Ala Ala Gln Ala Arg Leu Gly Ala Asp Met Glu Asp
115 120 125
Val Cys Gly Arg Leu Val Gln Tyr Arg Gly Glu Val Gln Ala Met Leu
130 135 140
Gly Gln Ser Thr Glu Glu Leu Arg Val Arg Leu Ala Ser His Leu Arg
145 150 155 160
Lys Leu Arg Lys Arg Leu Leu Arg Asp Ala Asp Asp Leu Gln Lys Arg
165 170 175
Leu Ala Val Tyr Gln Ala Gly Ala Arg Glu Gly Ala Glu Arg Gly Leu
180 185 190
Ser Ala Ile Arg Glu Arg Leu Gly Pro Leu Val Glu Gln Gly Arg Val
195 200 205
Arg Ala Ala Thr Val Gly Ser Leu Ala Gly Gln Pro Leu Gln Glu Arg
210 215 220
Ala Gln Ala Trp Gly Glu Arg Leu Arg Ala Arg Met Glu Glu Met Gly
225 230 235 240
Ser Arg Thr Arg Asp Arg Leu Asp Glu Val Lys Glu Gln Val Ala Glu
245 250 255
Val Arg Ala Lys Leu Glu Glu Gln Ala Gln Gln Ile Arg Leu Gln Ala
260 265 270
Glu Ala Phe Gln Ala Arg Leu Lys Ser Trp Phe Glu Pro Leu Val Glu
275 280 285
Asp Met Gln Arg Gln Trp Ala Gly Leu Val Glu Lys Val Gln Ala Ala
290 295 300
Val Gly Thr Ser Ala Ala Pro Val Pro Ser Asp Asn His
305 310 315
Claims (12)
1.用于治疗或改善阿尔茨海默病的组合物,其由编码IL-4、IL-10的核酸,和编码ApoE-2和脑源神经营养因子(BDNF)的核酸组成,其中所述组合物将被施用。
2.权利要求1所述的组合物,其中所述核酸将被施用给哺乳动物。
3.权利要求2所述的组合物,其中所述哺乳动物是人。
4.前述权利要求任一项所述的组合物,其中所述施用包括选自静脉注射、肌肉注射、腹膜内注射、皮下注射、电穿孔、注射、吸入和基因枪的一种或更多种方法。
5.权利要求1-3任一项所述的组合物,其中所述核酸包括多核苷酸,并且其中所述多核苷酸包括环状DNA,所述环状DNA包含复制起点(ORI)、启动子和多克隆位点(MCS)。
6.权利要求1-3任一项所述的组合物,其中所述核酸包括多核苷酸,并且其中所述多核苷酸是质粒,所述质粒包含转录连接至编码细胞免疫应答元件基因的序列的启动子/增强子。
7.权利要求6所述的组合物,其中所述启动子适于在真核细胞中表达。
8.前述权利要求任一项所述的组合物,其中所述核酸将与促进转染的物质一起施用。
9.权利要求1-3任一项所述的组合物,其中所述核酸包括多核苷酸,并且其中所述多核苷酸将通过过继细胞基因疗法传递。
10.权利要求9所述的组合物,其中所述过继细胞基因疗法包括施用能够将核酸传递至炎症位点的细胞。
11.前述权利要求任一项所述的组合物,其中所述核酸是病毒载体,典型地是pUMCV,或者其中所述核酸是逆转录病毒载体或慢病毒载体或pVAX1。
12.前述权利要求任一项所述的组合物,其中所述组合物抑制或削弱增加炎症的基因的表达。
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US90013807P | 2007-02-06 | 2007-02-06 | |
US60/900,138 | 2007-02-06 | ||
CN200880010918A CN101652063A (zh) | 2007-02-06 | 2008-02-04 | 使用基因疗法治疗和预防神经变性疾病 |
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CN200880010918A Division CN101652063A (zh) | 2007-02-06 | 2008-02-04 | 使用基因疗法治疗和预防神经变性疾病 |
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CN106890342B true CN106890342B (zh) | 2022-09-23 |
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CN200880010918A Pending CN101652063A (zh) | 2007-02-06 | 2008-02-04 | 使用基因疗法治疗和预防神经变性疾病 |
CN201710045905.4A Expired - Fee Related CN106890342B (zh) | 2007-02-06 | 2008-02-04 | 使用基因疗法治疗和预防神经变性疾病 |
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CN200880010918A Pending CN101652063A (zh) | 2007-02-06 | 2008-02-04 | 使用基因疗法治疗和预防神经变性疾病 |
Country Status (13)
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US (2) | US8247385B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2114153B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP5829377B2 (zh) |
KR (2) | KR101661356B1 (zh) |
CN (2) | CN101652063A (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2008213999B2 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2677273A1 (zh) |
IL (1) | IL200151A (zh) |
MX (1) | MX2009008413A (zh) |
NZ (1) | NZ579050A (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2471487C2 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2008097927A2 (zh) |
ZA (1) | ZA200906165B (zh) |
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US20120014987A1 (en) * | 2009-03-26 | 2012-01-19 | Yoh Matsumoto | Dna vaccine for alzheimer's disease |
US9173928B2 (en) | 2009-03-26 | 2015-11-03 | Yoh Matsumoto | DNA vaccine for Alzheimer's disease |
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RU2471487C2 (ru) | 2013-01-10 |
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CN106890342A (zh) | 2017-06-27 |
IL200151A (en) | 2015-06-30 |
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US20080292603A1 (en) | 2008-11-27 |
WO2008097927A3 (en) | 2008-12-18 |
MX2009008413A (es) | 2009-11-02 |
US20130231632A1 (en) | 2013-09-05 |
CN101652063A (zh) | 2010-02-17 |
WO2008097927A2 (en) | 2008-08-14 |
IL200151A0 (en) | 2010-04-15 |
KR101661356B1 (ko) | 2016-09-30 |
JP5829377B2 (ja) | 2015-12-09 |
KR20090118956A (ko) | 2009-11-18 |
AU2008213999A1 (en) | 2008-08-14 |
EP2114153A2 (en) | 2009-11-11 |
CA2677273A1 (en) | 2008-08-14 |
NZ579050A (en) | 2012-10-26 |
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