CN106885629A - The beam splitting system and its light-splitting method of a kind of spaceborne imaging spectrometer - Google Patents
The beam splitting system and its light-splitting method of a kind of spaceborne imaging spectrometer Download PDFInfo
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- CN106885629A CN106885629A CN201710055307.5A CN201710055307A CN106885629A CN 106885629 A CN106885629 A CN 106885629A CN 201710055307 A CN201710055307 A CN 201710055307A CN 106885629 A CN106885629 A CN 106885629A
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/2823—Imaging spectrometer
Abstract
The invention discloses the beam splitting system and its light-splitting method of a kind of spaceborne imaging spectrometer.It is the incident telecentricity light of the slit of 60mm~120mm from length, after being reflected through meniscus shaped lens refraction and concave spherical mirror, is incided on convex spherical grating in the form of convergent beam；Described convergent beam realizes spectrum after convex spherical optical grating diffraction；The divergent beams obtained after light splitting pass sequentially through concave spherical mirror reflection and meniscus shaped lens refraction, image in image plane, realize light spectrum image-forming.The beam splitting system that the present invention is provided, its design feature is to introduce meniscus shaped lens, reduces big astigmatism of the tradition Offner structures in slit long, realizes the light spectrum image-forming of overlength slit；Optical element meets coaxial symmetrical, and Spectral line bend and trapezoidal distortion are small, can realize high-fidelity light spectrum image-forming；Suitable for super large breadth, high spatial resolution, the spaceborne imaging spectrometer of high spectral resolution carry out light-splitting processing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to it is a kind of suitable for super large breadth, high spatial resolution, high spectral resolution spaceborne imaging
The light-dividing device and its light-splitting method of spectrometer, belong to spectral imaging technology field.
Background technology
The eighties in last century, with the development need of earth observation application, imaging spectral technology rises.It is to combine sky
Between imaging technique and spectral imaging technology emerging field, greatly widened people space remote sensing field, agricultural resource visit
The range of application of the aspect such as survey, mineral resources and geological prospecting, military detecting, biologic medical.
Imaging spectrometer light-dividing device structure can be divided into color dispersion-type, interference-type etc..Traditional color dispersion-type light-dividing device structure
Form mainly has：Plane grating Czerny-Turner types light-dividing device, convex grating Offner types light-dividing device, concave grating
Dyson type light-dividing devices etc..These structures can be good at meeting instrument index request in during short slit, but for that need to expire
For sufficient super large breadth, the slit system long of high spatial resolution requirement, there is larger aberration and the easy distortion of spectrum picture.Can only
By the way of field stitching, short slit system is spliced during slit system long is divided into multiple, spliced system architecture
Complexity, it is bulky.
The requirement of the geometry physical quantity such as spaceborne imaging spectrometer and airborne imaging spectrum instrument general weight, volume to instrument compared with
Height, excessive volume and weight causes the costs such as production, manufacture, the transmitting of instrument to sharply increase, especially spaceborne imaging spectral
Instrument, the weight and volume requirement to instrument is more strict.
In the light-dividing device that existing document is reported, mostly in short slit system, such as document " small-sized Offner light spectrum image-formings
The design of system "（Zheng Yu weighs [J] optical precision engineerings, 2005,13 (6): 650.）, " Offner imaging spectrometers
Method for designing "（Tong second place, Wu Gang is thorough, waits [J] Acta Opticas, 2010 (4): 1148-1152.）In tradition
Convex grating Offner devices, document " progress of Dyson optical systems in infrared imaging spectral measurement "（Liu Yujuan, Tang
Beautiful state, Ba Yin waits [J] spectroscopy and spectrum analysis, 2012,32 (2): 548-552.）In concave grating Dyson dress
Put, " research of spaceborne Che Erni-Tener type imaging spectrometer aberration correction "（Xue Qingsheng, Wang Shurong, Shandong phoenix celery [J] light
Learn journal, 2009,29 (1): 35-40.）And Chinese invention patent " a kind of cylinders of disappear astigmatism grating dispersion imaging spectral
Instrument light channel structure "（CN 102183304A）Disclosed in plane grating Czerny-Turner devices, their slit length is all
Within 30mm, only voucher platform beam splitting system is difficult to meet the application demand of super large breadth and high spatial resolution.At present, slit
Light-dividing device of the length more than 60mm has no report.Therefore a kind of compact unspliced overlength slit light-dividing device of design is needed badly
To meet in remote sensing application to super large breadth, the demand of high spatial resolution.
The end of the eighties in last century, Wynne proposes to insert meniscus shaped lens in the Offner relay systems of one to one imaging,
Spherical aberration and astigmatism when can compensate for big view field imaging, realize preferable image quality.Opening to Offner type imaging spectrometers
Research after, many scholars are further developed and the perfect theory of Offner-Wynne type light-dividing devices, in imaging
It is obtained in that in the application of spectrometer device than traditional greater compactness of structure of Offner devices and more excellent image quality, such as document
“Compact Offner–Wynne imaging spectrometers”（ Prieto-Blanco X, de la Fuente
R. [J]. Optics Communications, 2014, 328: 143-150.）It is middle to be illustrated.Equally, prior art is not
It is related to for solving the problems, such as slit beam splitting system long.
The content of the invention
The present invention is in view of the shortcomings of the prior art, there is provided one kind has that slit overlength, image quality be good, spectrum point
Resolution is higher, compact conformation, it is easy to process debug feature, and the spaceborne imaging spectral of super large breadth, high spatial resolution can be met
The beam splitting system and its light-splitting method of instrument demand.
Technical scheme is to provide a kind of light-splitting method of spaceborne imaging spectrometer for achieving the above object, is from length
The incident telecentricity light of the slit of 60mm~120mm, after being reflected through meniscus shaped lens refraction and concave spherical mirror, with converging light
The form of beam is incided on convex spherical grating；Described convergent beam realizes spectrum after convex spherical optical grating diffraction；Light splitting
The divergent beams for obtaining afterwards pass sequentially through concave spherical mirror reflection and meniscus shaped lens refraction, image in image plane, realize light
Spectrum imaging.
Technical solution of the present invention also includes a kind of beam splitting system of spaceborne imaging spectrometer, and its light-dividing device uses convex surface
Grating Offner-Wynne type structures, including slit, meniscus shaped lens, concave spherical mirror）, convex spherical grating and image plane；
Main cross section of the described light-dividing device spatially on convex spherical grating is symmetrical；From the incident telecentricity light of slit through falcate
After lens refraction, spherical reflector reflection, light beam is assembled and incided on convex spherical grating, and divergent beams are anti-through concave spherical surface successively again
Mirror reflection and meniscus shaped lens refraction are penetrated, image plane is imaged in, light spectrum image-forming is realized；The span of the slit length is
60mm~120mm.
In technical solution of the present invention, convex spherical grating overlaps with the rear surface of meniscus shaped lens, and curvature is equal.
The convex spherical grating is linear pattern or the equidistant groove grating of shaped form.
The dispersion width of the light-dividing device is 1/50~1/2.5 with the length ratio of slit.
The span of the light-dividing device F numbers is 3~8.
The ratio between radius of curvature of the concave spherical mirror and convex spherical grating is 1.9:1~2.2：1.
The ratio between radius of curvature of a front surface and a rear surface of the meniscus shaped lens is 1:1.3~1：1.
The surface of the concave spherical mirror and convex spherical grating, is coated with high-reflectivity metal-deielectric-coating.
The preceding surface and rear surface of the meniscus shaped lens, are coated with high-transmission rate depolarization deielectric-coating.
Compared with prior art, the advantage of the invention is that：
1st, the light-splitting method that the present invention is provided, using slit overlength, it is right under super large breadth, high spatial resolution to disclosure satisfy that
Ground light spectrum image-forming, and spectrum picture aberration is small, fidelity is high.
2nd, spectral resolution is of a relatively high, and optical element is few, and small volume is lightweight, compact conformation.
3rd, meniscus shaped lens, concave spherical mirror and convex spherical grating are coaxial in light-dividing device, it is easy to which processing is debug.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the light path front view of the overlength slit convex grating Offner-Wynne type light-dividing devices that the present invention is provided；
Fig. 2 is the light path top view of the overlength slit convex grating Offner-Wynne type light-dividing devices that the present invention is provided；
Fig. 3 is the optical system components left view of the overlength slit convex grating Offner-Wynne type light-dividing devices that the present invention is provided
Figure；
Fig. 4 is that a kind of modulation of overlength slit convex grating Offner-Wynne type light-dividing devices provided in an embodiment of the present invention is passed
Delivery function curve；
Fig. 5 is the ray tracing point of overlength slit convex grating Offner-Wynne type light-dividing devices provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Row figure.
In figure, 1, entrance slit；2nd, meniscus shaped lens；The preceding surface of 2-1, meniscus shaped lens；2-2, meniscus shaped lens
Surface afterwards；3rd, concave spherical mirror；4th, convex spherical grating；5th, image plane；6th, the main cross section of convex spherical grating.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment provides the beam splitting system and its light-splitting method of a kind of spaceborne imaging spectrometer.
Beam splitting system uses the light-dividing device of overlength slit convex grating Offner type structures.Referring to accompanying drawing 1, it is this reality
A kind of light path front view of overlength slit convex grating Offner type light-dividing devices of example offer is provided；It includes：Overlength incidence is narrow
Seam 1, meniscus shaped lens 2, concave spherical mirror 3, convex spherical grating 4 and image plane 5；2-1 is the preceding table of the meniscus shaped lens 2
Face, 2-2 is the rear surface of the meniscus shaped lens 2；High reflectance gold is plated on concave spherical mirror 3 and the surface of convex spherical grating 4
Plate high-transmission rate depolarization deielectric-coating in category-deielectric-coating, the forward and backward surface of meniscus shaped lens 2.
The length direction of entrance slit 1 and the groove direction of convex spherical grating 4 are each perpendicular to paper；Convex spherical grating 4 with
Surface 2-2 overlaps and curvature is equal after meniscus shaped lens.Imaging beam enters system by entrance slit 1, saturating through falcate respectively
After mirror 2 is reflected and spherical reflector 3 reflects, incided on the convex spherical grating 4 in the form of convergent beam；By convex spherical
Spectrum is realized after the diffraction of grating 4, while convergent beam is changed into divergent beams；Finally by the He of the concave spherical mirror 3
Be imaged light beam after light splitting to image plane 5 by meniscus shaped lens 2, forms dispersion line, realizes light spectrum image-forming.
Convex spherical grating 4 is linear pattern or the equidistant groove grating of shaped form, the central vision chief ray and light of incident grating
Central vision chief ray after grid diffraction is in paper in grating main cross section.Meniscus shaped lens 2, concave spherical mirror 3 with it is convex
Spheric grating 4 is coaxial；Entrance slit 1 and the off-axis of image plane 5, its off-axis amount ensure convex spherical grating 4 not to entering before dispersion
It is mapped to after the divergent beams of concave spherical mirror 3 and dispersion and incides the converging beam of meniscus shaped lens 2 and cause to be in the light.
It is that they are respectively the overlength slit convex grating Offner-Wynne types for providing of the invention referring to accompanying drawing 2 and Fig. 3
The light path top view and optical system components left view of light-dividing device.As seen from the figure, including overlength slit 1 and image plane 5
It is symmetrical in main cross section 6 of the interior whole light-dividing device on convex spherical grating 4；The light-dividing device space dimension imaging magnification is 1:
1, the space dimension length of image plane 5 and the equal length of entrance slit 1；In the light path top view shown in Fig. 2, the image space of different wave length
Imaging beam overlaps, and is overlapped with incident beam；In the optical element left view shown in Fig. 3, the image space imaging of different wave length
Light beam is in image planes 5 into the spectrum line being parallel to each other.
In the present embodiment, the convex grating Offner-Wynne types light-dividing device of the overlength slit that Fig. 1 is provided is related
Index is：
Spectral region：0.5 μm~1 μm；
System F numbers：6.75；
Slit length：100mm；
Spectral resolution：1.5nm；
Image plane dispersion width：5mm；
Detector Pixel size：15μm×15μm.
The convex grating Offner-Wynne type light-dividing devices of the overlength slit that the present embodiment is provided, the tool of each optical element
Bulk optics parameter is referring to table 1." face type " represents each optical surface title in table；" radius of curvature " represents each optical surface radius size；
" distance " represents the optics vertex of surface to the lateral separation of next optics vertex of surface；" off-axis amount " represent the optical surface optical axis with
The distance between system centre axis, defines the common optical axis of meniscus shaped lens, concave spherical mirror and convex spherical grating to be
System central axis；Wherein convex spherical grating line density is 109 lp/mm.
Table 1
| Face type | Radius of curvature/mm | Distance/mm | Off-axis amount/mm |
| Slit | ∞ | 77.89 | -27.96 |
| The preceding surface of meniscus shaped lens | -76.80 | 15.39 | 0 |
| Surface after meniscus shaped lens | -92.33 | 103.53 | 0 |
| Concave spherical mirror | -195.91 | -103.53 | 0 |
| Convex spherical grating | -92.33 | 103.53 | 0 |
| Concave spherical mirror | -195.91 | -103.53 | 0 |
| Surface after meniscus shaped lens | -92.33 | -15.39 | 0 |
| The preceding surface of meniscus shaped lens | -76.80 | -76.23 | 0 |
| Image plane | ∞ | 0 | 20.46 |
Using the light-dividing device of the present embodiment offer, its light-splitting method is：From the remote of the slit incidence that length is 60mm~120mm
Heart light, after being reflected through meniscus shaped lens refraction and concave spherical mirror, incides convex spherical grating in the form of convergent beam
On；Described convergent beam realizes spectrum after convex spherical optical grating diffraction；The divergent beams obtained after light splitting are passed sequentially through
Concave spherical mirror reflects and meniscus shaped lens refraction, images in image plane, realizes light spectrum image-forming.
Referring to accompanying drawing 4, it is that the optical system provided using the present embodiment is bent in the modulation transfer function of central wavelength
Line, modulation transfer function of the light-dividing device at the Lp/mm of detector nyquist frequency 33.3 is more than 0.75, is sufficiently close to
Diffraction limit, image quality is excellent.
Referring to accompanying drawing 5, it is the ray tracing point range figure of the optical system that the present embodiment is provided.Box indicating in figure is visited
It is 15 μm of 15 μ m to survey device Pixel size, and black circles represent Airy disc size.Each row represents half slit length various location
Point range figure, each row represent the point range figure at 0.5 μm, 0.75 μm and 1 μm in designed wave band.It can be seen that the light splitting is filled
Putting the point range figure at each wavelength difference visual field can concentrate in Airy disc, close to diffraction limit.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of light-splitting method of spaceborne imaging spectrometer, it is characterised in that：It is the slit incidence of 60mm~120mm from length
Telecentricity light, after being reflected through meniscus shaped lens refraction and concave spherical mirror, incides convex spherical light in the form of convergent beam
On grid；Described convergent beam realizes spectrum after convex spherical optical grating diffraction；The divergent beams obtained after light splitting lead to successively
Concave spherical mirror reflection and meniscus shaped lens refraction are crossed, image plane is imaged in, light spectrum image-forming is realized.
2. a kind of beam splitting system of spaceborne imaging spectrometer, it is characterised in that：Its light-dividing device uses convex grating Offner-
Wynne type structures, including entrance slit（1）, meniscus shaped lens（2）, concave spherical mirror（3）, convex spherical grating（4）It is flat with picture
Face（5）；Described light-dividing device is spatially on convex spherical grating（4）Main cross section（6）Symmetrically；From slit（1）Incident
Telecentricity light is through meniscus shaped lens（2）Refraction, spherical reflector（3）After reflection, light beam is assembled and incides convex spherical grating（4）
On, divergent beams are again successively through concave spherical mirror（3）Reflection and meniscus shaped lens（2）Refraction, images in image plane（5）, it is real
Existing light spectrum image-forming；The span of the slit length is 60mm~120mm.
3. the beam splitting system of a kind of spaceborne imaging spectrometer according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Convex spherical grating
（4）With meniscus shaped lens（2）Rear surface（2-2）Overlap, and curvature is equal.
4. the beam splitting system of a kind of spaceborne imaging spectrometer according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Convex spherical grating
（4）It is linear pattern or the equidistant groove grating of shaped form.
5. the beam splitting system of a kind of spaceborne imaging spectrometer according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The light-dividing device
Dispersion width and slit（1）Length ratio be 1/50~1/2.5.
6. the beam splitting system of a kind of spaceborne imaging spectrometer according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Light-dividing device F numbers
Span be 3~8.
7. the beam splitting system of a kind of spaceborne imaging spectrometer according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Concave spherical mirror
（3）With convex spherical grating（4）The ratio between radius of curvature be 1.9:1~2.2：1.
8. the beam splitting system of a kind of spaceborne imaging spectrometer according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Meniscus shaped lens
Preceding surface（2-1）With rear surface（2-2）The ratio between radius of curvature be 1:1.3~1：1.
9. the beam splitting system of a kind of spaceborne imaging spectrometer according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Concave spherical mirror
（3）With convex spherical grating（4）Surface be coated with high-reflectivity metal-deielectric-coating.
10. the beam splitting system of a kind of spaceborne imaging spectrometer according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Meniscus shaped lens
Preceding surface（2-1）With rear surface（2-2）It is coated with high-transmission rate depolarization deielectric-coating.
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| CN108827469A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-11-16 | 长春理工大学 | DMD space dimension encodes symmetrical Offner dispersion Dual band IR optical spectrum imaging device |
| CN109029932A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2018-12-18 | 长春理工大学 | A kind of unified full filed ray tracing method of refraction-reflection type telescopic system |
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| CN109781261A (en) * | 2018-12-31 | 2019-05-21 | 苏州大学 | Compact refraction-reflection type is without thermalization imaging spectrometer |
| CN111999862A (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2020-11-27 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Compact type long-focus short-wave optical system with real-time multispectral imaging function |
| CN111999862B (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2021-10-15 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Compact type long-focus short-wave optical system with real-time multispectral imaging function |
| CN112212985B (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2022-02-11 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Shortwave infrared imaging spectrometer light splitting system and shortwave infrared imaging spectrometer |
| CN112212985A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-12 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Shortwave infrared imaging spectrometer light splitting system and shortwave infrared imaging spectrometer |
| CN112461364A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-03-09 | 北京空间机电研究所 | High-flux long-wave infrared hyperspectral imaging optical system |
| CN112461364B (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2023-09-29 | 北京空间机电研究所 | High-flux long-wave infrared hyperspectral imaging optical system |
| CN112461365A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-03-09 | 苏州大学 | Curved slit imaging spectrometer |
| WO2022104992A1 (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2022-05-27 | 苏州大学 | Imaging spectrometer with curved slit |
| US11959804B2 (en) | 2020-11-20 | 2024-04-16 | Soochow University | Curved-slit imaging spectrometer |
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Application publication date: 20170623 |