CN106877825A - The digital predistortion apparatus and method of the simplified nonlinear filter based on band limit - Google Patents
The digital predistortion apparatus and method of the simplified nonlinear filter based on band limit Download PDFInfo
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- H03F1/32—Modifications of amplifiers to reduce non-linear distortion
- H03F1/3241—Modifications of amplifiers to reduce non-linear distortion using predistortion circuits
- H03F1/3247—Modifications of amplifiers to reduce non-linear distortion using predistortion circuits using feedback acting on predistortion circuits
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Abstract
The digital predistortion apparatus and method of a kind of simplified nonlinear filter based on band limit, the digital predistorter and predistortion model training module of the predistortion model of simplified nonlinear filtering including being limited based on band, digital predistorter carries out digital pre-distortion treatment to input digital baseband signal, power amplifier exports analog radio-frequency signal and is coupled through evanescent coupler power, wide band quadrature demodulator quadrature demodulation, low pass filter, predistorter training module is input into after output digital baseband signal input digital baseband signal and output digital baseband signal synchronization are generated after the analog-to-digital conversion of low sample frequency, predistorter training module obtains the power amplifier model parameter based on the simplified nonlinear filter function with limit after carrying out parameter training using least-squares algorithm, and it is sent to digital predistorter.The present invention, with the method with limit, reduces the sample frequency of digital pre-distortion analog-digital converter on nonlinear filter function model so that digital pre-distortion realizes that difficulty and cost decline.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to a digital predistortion device and a digital predistortion method based on a band-limited simplified nonlinear filter.
Background
With the wide application of the fourth generation mobile communication system, the research of the fifth generation mobile communication technology is deep, the data traffic of the communication system is increasing, in order to improve the spectrum utilization rate, the bandwidth of the baseband signal transmitted in the system is increasing, and the peak-to-average ratio of the signal is increasing due to the complex modulation mode. The broadband high peak-to-average ratio baseband signal has high requirement on the linearity of the radio frequency power amplifier.
High speed DAC and ADC increase system power consumption and cost, which has become a bottleneck in the development of current digital predistortion technology. How to adopt low-speed DAC and ADC to implement digital predistortion with wider signal bandwidth is becoming a research hotspot and development trend of current digital predistortion technology.
In 2012, Band-Limited Voltage Series-Based Digital predistribution for wideband RF Power Amplifiers published by Chao Yu in IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques introduces a Band-limiting method to reduce the sampling rate of ADC, and uses a Volterra Series model of 2-order DDR as a behavior model of a Power amplifier for simulation, but the method has the defect that the 2-order DDR model contains high-order terms and is complex.
The output of the rf power amplifier is typically limited to a useful band by an analog bandpass filter to reduce the sampling rate of the ADC. But the incomplete feedback signal generated by the filter reduces the linearization capability of the conventional digital predistortion. In order to solve this problem, band-limited digital predistortion is an effective and practical method, and because the digital predistortion processes the characteristics of baseband signals, the rf bandpass filter is generally replaced by an analog-to-digital conversion plus a low-pass filter.
The nonlinear filter model is a nonlinear transfer function model for describing a nonlinear system, and is a filter network consisting of a group of linear filters and a series of nonlinear parameters. Simplification of the nonlinear filter function is proposed in patent Model base diagnosis for Power amplifiers us, 12/218032, 2008. The simplified function has no high-order item and is suitable for being realized by FPGA. But the function is not suitable for processing the power amplifier linearization problem under the broadband signal.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the problem that a broadband signal causes overhigh sampling frequency of an analog-to-digital converter and the defect that a Volterra series model behavior model is complex, the invention provides a band-limited simplified nonlinear filter-based digital predistortion device and a band-limited simplified nonlinear filter-based digital predistortion method. Meanwhile, a model formed by combining the low-pass FIR filter and the simplified nonlinear filter function has a simple structure and low complexity, and can well compensate the complicated nonlinear characteristic and memory effect of the power amplifier.
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a digital predistortion apparatus based on a band-limited simplified nonlinear filter, the apparatus comprising: a loop formed by sequentially connecting a digital predistorter, a digital-to-analog converter, a broadband quadrature modulator, a power amplifier, an analog band-pass filter, an attenuation coupler, a broadband quadrature demodulator, an analog-to-digital converter, a digital low-pass filter and a predistortion model training module in series; wherein:
the digital predistorter carries out predistortion processing on an input digital baseband input signal and a model parameter output by a predistortion model training module based on a predistortion model of a band-limited simplified nonlinear filter function, and outputs a signal after the predistortion processing to a digital-to-analog converter; carrying out digital-to-analog conversion on the signal subjected to the pre-distortion treatment through a digital-to-analog converter, carrying out quadrature modulation on a broadband quadrature modulator, and carrying out power amplification on a power amplifier to obtain an analog radio frequency signal;
the analog radio frequency signal is subjected to band-pass filtering by an analog band-pass filter, power coupling by an attenuation coupler, quadrature demodulation by a broadband quadrature demodulator, analog-to-digital conversion of low sampling frequency by an analog-to-digital converter and low-pass filtering by a low-pass filter in sequence to obtain a band-limited digital baseband signal and transmit the band-limited digital baseband signal to a pre-distortion model training module;
the predistortion model training module trains parameters of a predistortion model according to the digital baseband signal and the band-limited digital baseband signal, and transmits the model parameters obtained by training to the digital predistorter;
the output signal of the attenuation coupler is the output signal of the digital predistortion device based on the band-limited simplified nonlinear filter;
the predistortion model is as follows:
wherein,complex envelope data represented as a digital baseband input signal at a sampling instant n;complex envelope data representing the band limit of an output signal of the attenuation coupler at a sampling time n after passing through a broadband quadrature demodulator, an analog-to-digital converter and a digital low-pass filter;representing coefficient vectors of a digital low-pass filter, M representing a memory depth of the predistortion model, J representing a threshold number of the predistortion model, K representing an order of the digital low-pass filter, βjA segmentation point value representing a jth threshold; c. Cm，jParameters representing the predistortion model, M ∈ [0, 1, …, M]。
The invention also provides a digital predistortion method based on the band-limited simplified nonlinear filter, which comprises the following steps:
(1) constructing a digital predistortion apparatus based on a band-limited simplified nonlinear filter as claimed in claim 1;
(2) at the current sampling time n, the digital baseband input signal is subjected to the predistortion model of the band-limited simplified nonlinear filter function through the digital predistorterPerforming digital pre-distortion processing to obtain processed signal
(3) Through digital-to-analog converter, wideband quadrature modulator and power amplifier pairAfter digital-to-analog conversion, quadrature modulation and power amplification are sequentially carried out, an analog radio frequency signal is obtained;
(4) analog band-pass filtering, power coupling, quadrature demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion with low sampling frequency and low-pass filtering are sequentially carried out on the analog radio-frequency signal through an analog band-pass filter, an attenuation coupler, a broadband quadrature demodulator, an analog-to-digital converter and a digital low-pass filter, and then a band-limited digital baseband signal is obtained
(5) Predistortion model training module threshold value βjMemory depth M of model, order K of digital low-pass filter, and digital baseband input signal using least square algorithmSum band limited digital baseband signalPerforming parameter training, calculating a predistortion model parameter at the next sampling time n +1, and uploading the calculated predistortion model parameter of n +1 to a digital predistorter;
(6) judging whether n is more than or equal to nmax，nmaxIs a preset maximum iteration number; if n is more than or equal to nmaxThen stopping iteration; otherwise, let n be n +1, return to step (2).
Further, the segmentation point values of the thresholds are evenly distributed between 0 and 1, βj＝(j-1)/J。
Further, the memory depth M of the predistortion model and the threshold number J of the predistortion model satisfy: m is less than or equal to 3, and J is less than or equal to 10.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1) the output signal passes through the low-pass filter to realize the function of band limitation, so that the sampling frequency of the analog-digital converter can be reduced, and the realization difficulty of the system is reduced.
2) The complex high-order operation of a Volterra series model is avoided, the using number of multipliers is reduced, and the complexity of digital signal processing is reduced.
3) Because the sampling frequency of the analog-digital converter is reduced by using a band-limited method, the data processing amount during the realization of pre-distortion is reduced, and the modeling time is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a digital predistortion apparatus based on a band-limited simplified nonlinear filter according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the digital predistortion model modeling of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a power spectrum after digital predistortion under a band-limited simplified nonlinear filtering method at the sampling frequency of 200MHz of an analog-to-digital converter.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a digital predistortion apparatus based on a band-limited simplified nonlinear filter according to the present invention, which includes a digital predistorter, an analog bandpass filter, a low-pass filter, a low-sampling-frequency analog-to-digital converter, a digital-to-analog converter, a wideband quadrature modulator, a power amplifier, an attenuation coupler, a wideband quadrature demodulator, and a predistortion model training module based on a predistortion model of a band-limited simplified nonlinear filter function, where:
the input end of the digital predistorter is externally connected with a digital baseband input signal and model parameters obtained by training of a predistortion model training module; the digital predistorter inputs the digital baseband signal and the model parameter into a predistortion model of a band-limited simplified nonlinear filter function to obtain an output signal after predistortion treatmentSignalThe input baseband I/Q signal is generated after passing through a digital-to-analog converter in sequence, the input baseband I/Q signal is input into a power amplifier after being subjected to quadrature modulation through a broadband quadrature modulator, the power amplifier outputs an analog radio frequency signal, the analog radio frequency signal is subjected to quadrature demodulation through an analog band-pass filter, an attenuation coupler power coupling and a broadband quadrature demodulator to form an output baseband I/Q signal, and the output baseband I/Q signal is subjected to low-sampling-frequency analog-to-digital converter and a low-pass filter to generate a band-limited digital baseband output signal.
The predistortion model training module trains parameters of the simplified nonlinear filtering model with the band limit according to the digital baseband input signal and the digital baseband output signal with the band limit, and pushes the model parameters obtained by training to the digital predistorter.
The invention also provides a digital predistortion method based on the band-limited simplified nonlinear filter, which comprises the following steps:
(1) constructing a digital predistortion apparatus based on a band-limited simplified nonlinear filter as claimed in claim 1;
(2) at the current sampling time n, the digital baseband input signal is subjected to the predistortion model of the band-limited simplified nonlinear filter function through the digital predistorterPerforming digital pre-distortion processing to obtain processed signal
(3) Through digital-to-analog converter, wideband quadrature modulator and power amplifier pairAfter digital-to-analog conversion, quadrature modulation and power amplification are sequentially carried out, an analog radio frequency signal is obtained;
(4) analog band-pass filtering, power coupling, quadrature demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion with low sampling frequency and low-pass filtering are sequentially carried out on the analog radio-frequency signal through an analog band-pass filter, an attenuation coupler, a broadband quadrature demodulator, an analog-to-digital converter and a digital low-pass filter, and then a band-limited digital baseband signal is obtained
(5) Predistortion model training module threshold value βjMemory depth M of model, order K of digital low-pass filter, and digital baseband input signal using least square algorithmSum band limited digital baseband signalPerforming parameter training, calculating a predistortion model parameter at the next sampling time n +1, and uploading the calculated predistortion model parameter of n +1 to a digital predistorter;
(6) judging whether it is fullN is more than or equal to nmax，nmaxIs a preset maximum iteration number; if n is more than or equal to nmaxThen stopping iteration; otherwise, let n be n +1, return to step (2).
The specific process of modeling the model based on the band-limited simplified nonlinear filter function in the above technical solution is shown in fig. 2, and the specific steps are as follows:
1) acquiring input and output data of model training, and generally performing normalization processing;
2) selecting threshold number J, threshold value points βiMemory depth M of the model, order K of the digital low-pass filter threshold value βjCan be uniformly distributed between 0 and 1, and in the embodiment, β is takenj＝(j-1)/J。
3) Obtaining unknown model parameter c by using least square methodm，j。
Taking an example that an LTE-A signal with a bandwidth of 100MHz is input into a 2.55GHz radio frequency power amplifier, the input and output data of the power amplifier are subjected to normalization processing after being synchronously acquired.
The sampling frequency of the analog-to-digital converter is 200MHz, and the simplified nonlinear filter function parameter is J-6, M-3, βjWhen the signal is (J-1)/J, the frequency spectrum of the digital predistortion signal with the band-limited simplified nonlinear filter function as the model after the power amplification is shown in fig. 3, and it can be seen that under the condition that the sampling frequency is only 2 times of the signal bandwidth, the linearity and the memory effect of the power amplification are still well compensated.
Therefore, the power amplifier digital predistortion method applies a band-limiting method to a simplified nonlinear filtering model, reduces the sampling frequency of an analog-to-digital converter, and reduces the implementation cost and difficulty of digital predistortion; meanwhile, complex modeling in models such as a Volterra series is avoided, the difficulty and complexity of digital signal processing are reduced, and the complex nonlinear characteristic of the power amplifier can be well compensated.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A digital predistortion apparatus based on a band-limited simplified nonlinear filter, comprising: a loop formed by sequentially connecting a digital predistorter, a digital-to-analog converter, a broadband quadrature modulator, a power amplifier, an analog band-pass filter, an attenuation coupler, a broadband quadrature demodulator, an analog-to-digital converter, a digital low-pass filter and a predistortion model training module in series; wherein:
the digital predistorter carries out predistortion processing on an input digital baseband input signal and a model parameter output by a predistortion model training module based on a predistortion model of a band-limited simplified nonlinear filter function, and outputs a signal after the predistortion processing to a digital-to-analog converter; carrying out digital-to-analog conversion on the signal subjected to the pre-distortion treatment through a digital-to-analog converter, carrying out quadrature modulation on a broadband quadrature modulator, and carrying out power amplification on a power amplifier to obtain an analog radio frequency signal;
the analog radio frequency signal is subjected to band-pass filtering by an analog band-pass filter, power coupling by an attenuation coupler, quadrature demodulation by a broadband quadrature demodulator, analog-to-digital conversion of low sampling frequency by an analog-to-digital converter and low-pass filtering by a low-pass filter in sequence to obtain a band-limited digital baseband signal and transmit the band-limited digital baseband signal to a pre-distortion model training module;
the predistortion model training module trains parameters of a predistortion model according to the digital baseband signal and the band-limited digital baseband signal, and transmits the model parameters obtained by training to the digital predistorter;
the output signal of the attenuation coupler is the output signal of the digital predistortion device based on the band-limited simplified nonlinear filter;
the predistortion model is as follows:
wherein,complex envelope data represented as a digital baseband input signal at a sampling instant n;complex envelope data representing the band limit of an output signal of the attenuation coupler at a sampling time n after passing through a broadband quadrature demodulator, an analog-to-digital converter and a digital low-pass filter;representing coefficient vectors of a digital low-pass filter, M representing a memory depth of the predistortion model, J representing a threshold number of the predistortion model, K representing an order of the digital low-pass filter, βjA segmentation point value representing a jth threshold; c. Cm，jParameters representing the predistortion model, M ∈ [0, 1, …, M]。
2. A method for digital predistortion based on a band-limited simplified nonlinear filter, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) constructing a digital predistortion apparatus based on a band-limited simplified nonlinear filter as claimed in claim 1;
(2) at the current sampling time n, the digital baseband input signal is subjected to the predistortion model of the band-limited simplified nonlinear filter function through the digital predistorterPerforming digital pre-distortion processing to obtain processed signal
(3) Through digital-to-analog converter, wideband quadrature modulator and power amplifier pairAfter digital-to-analog conversion, quadrature modulation and power amplification are sequentially carried out, an analog radio frequency signal is obtained;
(4) analog band-pass filtering, power coupling, quadrature demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion with low sampling frequency and low-pass filtering are sequentially carried out on the analog radio-frequency signal through an analog band-pass filter, an attenuation coupler, a broadband quadrature demodulator, an analog-to-digital converter and a digital low-pass filter, and then a band-limited digital baseband signal is obtained
(5) Predistortion model training module threshold value βjMemory depth M of model, order K of digital low-pass filter, and digital baseband input signal using least square algorithmSum band limited digital baseband signalPerforming parameter training, calculating a predistortion model parameter at the next sampling time n +1, and uploading the calculated predistortion model parameter of n +1 to a digital predistorter;
(6) judging whether n is more than or equal to nmax，nmaxIs a preset maximum iteration number; if n is more than or equal to nmaxThen stopping iteration; otherwise, let n be n +1, return to step (2).
3. According to claim 2The method for digital predistortion based on a simplified non-linear filter with limits is characterized in that the segmentation point values of the thresholds are evenly distributed between 0 and 1, βj＝(j-1)/J。
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the memory depth M of the predistortion model and the threshold number J of the predistortion model satisfy: m is less than or equal to 3, and J is less than or equal to 10.
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