CN106872668A - Temperature seepage stress THM coupling similar test method - Google Patents
Temperature seepage stress THM coupling similar test method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 22
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- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
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- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 3
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
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- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of temperature seepage stress THM coupling similar test method, including step：Test model is designed；Affinity constant is designed；The design of strain, temperature monitoring schematic diagram and water pipe position view；Similar proportioning test；The preparation of test material；The making of scale model, specifically includes：Dispensing；The making of model；Embedded foil gauge, heating plate, water pipe, temperature sensor；Maintenance；Form removal；Paint spot；Monitoring etc.；Finally carry out the excavation of model：Temperature and water are adjusted to design parameter, using manual drilling, tunneling.In the THM THM coupling mechanisms can system the Evolution for obtaining ground body strain, displacement around tunnel, realize temperature seepage stress THM coupling, in the material manufacture temperature source and seepage flow source, the long term monitoring to ground temperature, the control to seepage discharge and heat source temperature, to the controllable of coupling time and order.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of rock soil medium multi- scenarios method technology, more particularly to the middle temperature of one kind rock soil medium around tunnel
Degree-seepage-stress THM coupling similar test method.
Background technology
During Metro Excavation tunnel, the stability of rock soil medium receives fuel factor (T, by underground heat, season around tunnel
Influenceed etc. factor), seep effect (H, excavation cause groundwater change), stress effect (M, excavation causes stress to redistribute) with
And the coupling effect control of three.Above-mentioned several factors influence each other, and form the THM coupling models of tunnel excavation.Lee etc. is utilized
Seepage-pipe coupling model model (HM) analyzes stability (the Effect of seepage force on tunnel of tunnel surface
Face stability [J] .Can Geotech, 2003,40 (2)).Ji etc. is opened using the method validation tunnel of numerical simulation
Seepage-stress (HM) coupling model (tunnel excavation fluid structurecoupling numerical simulation [J] rock-soil mechanics, 2011,32 during digging
(4)).Zhang etc. have studied under the effect of fire load, and Temperature-Stress (TM) couples influence (the fire load to Tunnel Stability
Tunnel thermosetting coupling analysis [J] civil engineering journals, 40 (3) under lotus).
Above-mentioned several experiments well disclosed fluid structurecoupling (H-M), and thermosetting couples the shadow of (T-M) to Tunnel Stability
Ring, but do not probe into temperature-influence of the seepage-stress THM coupling effect to subway Tunnel Stability, it is impossible to true reflection
Go out the environment residing for rock soil medium around tunnel.
Rock And Soil is in certain geological environment, is influenceed by temperature, stress, Groundwater Flow.These three factor phases
Interaction, influences each other, and forms THM coupling effects.Temperature can make rock mass produce thermal stress, cause the springform of Rock And Soil
The change of the solid properties such as amount, Poisson's ratio, while temperature can also cause the change of underground water density, influences Groundwater Flow.Ground
Lower water flows through convection current or conduction changes the Temperature Distribution of rock mass, and the presence of underground water can also influence Rock And Soil stressing conditions.
Rock And Soil stress deformation can internally produce certain heat, and mechanical deformation can also influence the change of solid thermal characteristic, while rock
Soil body porosity or Penetration Signature can also change.Therefore for researching and analysing the stability in tunnel, if determining THM couplings
The stress and change in displacement of Rock And Soil around lower tunnel, and the two Changing Pattern is combined with macroscopical stress carries out total score
Analysis, further can provide more intuitively experimental basis and theory support to tunnel stabilization Journal of Sex Research.
THM THM couplings are a sufficiently complex physical and chemical processes, the stabilization in the lower tunnel of research THM coupling effect
Property is significant.Therefore, how a kind of test method is provided, can be determined under the effect of THM THM couplings, around tunnel
The strain of Rock And Soil and change in displacement, have great significance to research Tunnel Stability.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of temperature-seepage-stress THM coupling similar test method.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
Temperature of the invention-seepage-stress THM coupling similar test method, including step：
A, test model design：Requirement according to experiment determines the physical dimension and boundary condition of test model；
B, affinity constant design：Determine that geometric similarity compares α according to requirement of experiment and the limitation of experimental bench sizeL；Kinematic similitude
Show on time, speed and acceleration, its affinity constant isRule of thumb determine that unit weight is similar with requirement of experiment
Compare αγ；According to model and prototype corresponding points there is the identical stress equilibrium differential equation to obtain ασ=αt=αL·αγ, elastic modelling quantity and pool
The likelihood ratio of loose ratio is 1；
The design of C, strain, temperature monitoring schematic diagram and water pipe position view：Strain data is collected using foil gauge automatically
Scheme, determine foil gauge position in a model；Temperature is changed using heating plate, the position of heating plate and temperature sensor is determined
Put；Enter the osmotic control of water-filling using inclined water pipe, determine water pipe position in a model；
D, similar proportioning test：The reasonable similar proportioning of selection is the key of this analog simulation experiment, different types of phase
Like material, its mechanical property is different, by proportioning test, for analog simulation experiment provides suitable proportioning parameter；
The preparation of E, test material：Proportioning parameter according to step D prepares corresponding analog material；The making of foil gauge and
Damp-proof treatment；
The making of F, scale model：
F1, dispensing：The test material that step E prepares is moved to be added water on clean vacant lot and is stirred；
The making of F2, model：In test platform feeding process, template is placed while piling up model, mould experiment
Model, manually piles up in model process, notes compacting proportioning material, and ensure that minimal thickness is uniform；
F3, embedded foil gauge, heating plate, water pipe, temperature sensor：Make model when will make foil gauge, plus
In hot plate, water pipe, temperature sensor embedment model, the position of embedment should determine according to design diagram；
F4, maintenance：Test model is carried out into maintenance one week under conditions of ventilation is dried, model is fully dried, finally
An entirety is polymerized to, experimental stand completes after-applied different burden pressures according to experiment concrete condition in maintenance；
F5, form removal：Test model by after curing age, by baffle plate according to the order for tearing open from top to bottom, every, successively
Pull down, mould both sides bolt is first loosened in operating process, make model inside ore body elder generation ingress of air, reach ventilative effect, so that
The shortening mould release time is played, protection model is noted during form removal, it is to avoid damage model highwall；
F6, paint spot：After the completion of form removal, speckle is drawn, speckle carries out a system, paints a need miscellaneous by manually dipping in black ink with writing brush
Disorderly without chapter, and guarantee paints a little rounded, paints after a little terminating, and horizontal elevation is noted in model subscript；
F7, monitoring：Put noncontact whole audience strain measuring instrument, monitoring model displacement in model front；Open deformeter
Record strain；The record rock temperature change of opening temperature recorder；
The excavation of G, model：Temperature and water are adjusted to design parameter, using manual drilling, tunneling.
As seen from the above technical solution provided by the invention, temperature-seepage-stress three provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Coupling similar test method, can ground body strain, displacement around the acquisition tunnel of system in the THM THM coupling mechanisms
Evolution.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is experiment modelling schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is foil gauge, heating plate, temperature sensor, the Position Design schematic diagram of water pipe in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of pvc pipe in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the layout drawing (side view) of pvc pipe in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is that room temperature and temperature of heating plate change over time figure in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is experiment 1-3 ground settlement comparison diagrams in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 changes over time figure to test 1-3 in the embodiment of the present invention in the vertical strain of S1 points.
Fig. 8 is different infiltration capacities (experiment 3,6,7) ground settlement comparison diagrams under THM couplings in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is different temperatures (experiment 3-5) ground settlement comparison diagram under THM couplings in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Ground description, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on this
Inventive embodiment, the every other implementation that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made
Example, belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
Temperature of the invention-seepage-stress THM coupling similar test method, its preferably specific embodiment is：
Including step：
A, test model design：Requirement according to experiment determines the physical dimension and boundary condition of test model；
B, affinity constant design：Determine that geometric similarity compares α according to requirement of experiment and the limitation of experimental bench sizeL；Kinematic similitude
Show on time, speed and acceleration, its affinity constant isRule of thumb determine that unit weight is similar with requirement of experiment
Compare αγ；According to model and prototype corresponding points there is the identical stress equilibrium differential equation to obtain ασ=αt=αL·αγ, elastic modelling quantity and pool
The likelihood ratio of loose ratio is 1；
The design of C, strain, temperature monitoring schematic diagram and water pipe position view：Strain data is collected using foil gauge automatically
Scheme, determine foil gauge position in a model；Temperature is changed using heating plate, the position of heating plate and temperature sensor is determined
Put；Enter the osmotic control of water-filling using inclined water pipe, determine water pipe position in a model；
D, similar proportioning test：The reasonable similar proportioning of selection is the key of this analog simulation experiment, different types of phase
Like material, its mechanical property is different, by proportioning test, for analog simulation experiment provides suitable proportioning parameter；
The preparation of E, test material：Proportioning parameter according to step D prepares corresponding analog material；The making of foil gauge and
Damp-proof treatment；
The making of F, scale model：
F1, dispensing：The test material that step E prepares is moved to be added water on clean vacant lot and is stirred；
The making of F2, model：In test platform feeding process, template is placed while piling up model, mould experiment
Model, manually piles up in model process, notes compacting proportioning material, and ensure that minimal thickness is uniform；
F3, embedded foil gauge, heating plate, water pipe, temperature sensor：Make model when will make foil gauge, plus
In hot plate, water pipe, temperature sensor embedment model, the position of embedment should determine according to design diagram；
F4, maintenance：Test model is carried out into maintenance one week under conditions of ventilation is dried, model is fully dried, finally
An entirety is polymerized to, experimental stand completes after-applied different burden pressures according to experiment concrete condition in maintenance；
F5, form removal：Test model by after curing age, by baffle plate according to the order for tearing open from top to bottom, every, successively
Pull down, mould both sides bolt is first loosened in operating process, make model inside ore body elder generation ingress of air, reach ventilative effect, so that
The shortening mould release time is played, protection model is noted during form removal, it is to avoid damage model highwall；
F6, paint spot：After the completion of form removal, speckle is drawn, speckle carries out a system, paints a need miscellaneous by manually dipping in black ink with writing brush
Disorderly without chapter, and guarantee paints a little rounded, paints after a little terminating, and horizontal elevation is noted in model subscript；
F7, monitoring：Put noncontact whole audience strain measuring instrument, monitoring model displacement in model front；Open deformeter
Record strain；Opening temperature recorder records Rock And Soil temperature change；
The excavation of G, model：Temperature and water are adjusted to design parameter, using manual drilling, tunneling.
Described heating plate is temperature controllable silica gel heating plate, size 150mm × 90mm × 1.8mm, operating voltage 220V, work(
Rate 0.5W/cm2, 200 DEG C of maximum operation (service) temperature；
The probe of described temperature sensor be compressed spring type thermocouple, 0~200 DEG C of measurement range, temperature sensor it is another
One end connects moisture recorder, and long term monitoring temperature change a, moisture recorder can connect multiple temperature sensors, right respectively
Different temperature sensors are numbered, and moisture recorder can record the temperature that different sensors are detected；
The water pipe is pvc pipe, and the external diameter of the pipe, internal diameter and length are respectively 2cm, 1.4cm and 30cm, in pvc pipe
There are 6 circular ports of a diameter of 0.5cm.
Temperature of the invention-seepage-stress THM coupling similar test method, the energy in THM THM coupling mechanisms
Ground body strain, the Evolution of displacement around the acquisition tunnel of system.
The embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
The technical scheme that the present invention takes is：
Tunnel excavation temperature-seepage-stress THM coupling mechanism of action test method, comprises the following steps：
S1, test model design：Requirement according to experiment determines the physical dimension and boundary condition of test model.
S2, affinity constant design：Determine that geometric similarity compares α according to requirement of experiment and the limitation of experimental bench sizeL；Kinematic similitude
Show on time, speed and acceleration, its affinity constant isRule of thumb determine that unit weight is similar with requirement of experiment
Compare αγ；According to model and prototype corresponding points there is the identical stress equilibrium differential equation to obtain ασ=αt=αL·αγ.Elastic modelling quantity and pool
The likelihood ratio of loose ratio is 1.
The design of S3, strain, temperature monitoring schematic diagram and water pipe position view：This experiment is collected automatically using foil gauge should
Become the scheme of data, determine foil gauge position in a model；Temperature is changed using heating plate, heating plate and TEMP is determined
The position of device；Enter the osmotic control of water-filling using inclined water pipe, determine water pipe position in a model.
S4, similar proportioning test：The reasonable similar proportioning of selection is the key of this analog simulation experiment, different types of phase
Like material, its mechanical property is different.By proportioning test, for analog simulation experiment provides suitable proportioning parameter.
The preparation of S5, test material：Proportioning parameter according to the 4th step prepares corresponding analog material；The making of foil gauge
And damp-proof treatment.
The making of S6, scale model：
(1) dispensing：The test material that 5th step prepares is moved to be added water on clean vacant lot and is stirred；
(2) making of model：In test platform feeding process, template is placed while piling up model, mould experiment
Model, in manually piling up model process, it shall be noted that compacting proportioning material, and ensure that minimal thickness is uniform；
(3) foil gauge, heating plate, water pipe, temperature sensor are buried：Make model when will make foil gauge, plus
In hot plate, water pipe, temperature sensor embedment model, the position of embedment should determine according to design diagram；
(4) conserve：Test model is carried out into maintenance one week under conditions of ventilation is dried, model is fully dried, finally
It is polymerized to an entirety.Experimental stand can complete after-applied different burden pressures according to experiment concrete condition in maintenance；
(5) form removal：Test model by after curing age, by baffle plate according to from top to bottom, the order of " tearing open every ", according to
It is secondary to pull down.Need first to loosen mould both sides bolt in operating process, make model inside ore body elder generation ingress of air, reach ventilative effect
Really, so as to play the shortening mould release time.Protection model is noted during form removal, it is to avoid damage model highwall etc.；
(6) spot is painted：After the completion of form removal, speckle is drawn.Speckle carries out a system by manually dipping in black ink with writing brush, paints a need miscellaneous
Disorderly without chapter, but guarantee paints a little rounded as far as possible.Paint after a little terminating, horizontal elevation is noted in model subscript；
(7) monitor：Put noncontact whole audience strain measuring instrument, monitoring model displacement in model front；Open deformeter
Record strain；Opening temperature recorder records Rock And Soil temperature change.
The excavation of S7, model：Temperature and water are adjusted to design parameter, using manual drilling, tunneling.
Wherein, described heating plate is temperature controllable silica gel heating plate, and with generating heat, fast, temperature is uniform, the thermal efficiency is high, intensity
High the features such as.Size 150mm × 90mm × 1.8mm, operating voltage 220V, power 0.5W/cm2, 200 DEG C of maximum operation (service) temperature,
Can be completely waterproof.
Wherein, described temperature sensor probe is compressed spring type thermocouple, 0~200 DEG C of measurement range.The sensor other end
Connection moisture recorder, can long term monitoring temperature change.One moisture recorder can connect multiple sensors, respectively to not simultaneous interpretation
Sensor is numbered, the temperature that the recordable different sensors of moisture recorder are detected.
Wherein, the water pipe is pvc pipe, and the external diameter of the pipe, internal diameter and length are respectively 2cm, 1.4cm and 30cm.In PVC
There are 6 circular ports (a diameter of 0.5cm) in pipe.
The invention has the advantages that：
Realize temperature-seepage-stress THM coupling, system discloses around tunnel Rock And Soil in THM THM couplings
Stress, the Evolution of displacement under effect.
Manufacture temperature source and seepage flow source in the material is realized, and the position in temperature source and seepage flow source can be according to experiment
Purpose difference makes a change.
The long term monitoring to ground temperature is realized, the control to seepage discharge and heat source temperature, to coupling time and suitable
Sequence it is controllable.
Specific embodiment：
The tunnel THM THM coupling mechanism test modelling schematic diagrames that the embodiment of the present invention is used are as shown in Figure 1.Examination
It is research object to test selection ijing Subway Line Five running tunnel, and formation condition is silty clay, clay, medium coarse sand composition, is covered
The minimum 9m of soil thickness, is 18m to the maximum.Test simulation edpth of tunnel 18m, geometric similarity ratio is 30, according to Beijing Subway
Standard cross-section of tunnel (structure height is 6.28m, and span is 5.8m, and equivalent hole footpath is 6.3m), theory of similarity conversion obtains model
Poly (methyl methacrylate) plate punches a diameter of 0.2m in experimental stand, and hole bottom is away from test-bed bottom 30cm.Stress model is T steel, bottom
Portion is rectangular washer, it is ensured that uniform load.Tunnel model fills method and makes using compacting, and moulded dimension 2.0m × 1.1m ×
0.3m (wide × high × thick).Experiment is carried out in seven times, and detailed process is shown in step 6.
Embodiment：
S1, test model design：Design diagram is as shown in Figure 1；
S2, affinity constant design：This experiment geometric similarity constant takes αL=30；According to the tentative module unit weight and pressure resistance
Degree relation, unit weight affinity constant is taken as αγ=1；Cohesion affinity constant is αc=30；
The design of S3, strain, temperature monitoring schematic diagram and water pipe position view：Design diagram is as shown in Figure 2；
S4, similar proportioning test：Experiment selects sand, lime, gypsum as simulation material, using these materials according to not
Same proportioning makes corresponding test block, and by after curing period, by uniaxial compressive mechanical test, obtaining suitable material proportioning is
7:0.4:0.6 (sand:Lime:Gypsum).
The preparation of S5, test material：Proportioning parameter according to the 4th step prepares corresponding analog material；This experiment is selected
BX120-50AA type foil gauges, dip in the greasy dirt on foil gauge upper absolute alcohol equal solvent with rayon balls and are fully cleaned,
Contact is not gone after cleaning up with hand.With electric iron welding lead, terminal.It is noted that distinguishing the positive and negative of connection terminal, draw
Line can not be tightened too much causes open circuit, can not be too loose, it is to avoid because two extraction linear contact lays or lead-out wire and the outer end in contact of test specimen are led
Cause short circuit.The test specimen for connecting is placed on and is about 80mm, on the rectangle plastic casing of about 10mm wide, is full of and modeling with self-control AB glue
Material housing slot.Carried out in the case where ventilation condition is dried during being somebody's turn to do, it is to avoid contact water.With answering that low resistance table measurement is made
Whether the insulating resistance value become between piece lead-out wire and metal specimen meets 120 ohm of initial value.
The making of S6, scale model：
(1) dispensing：Proportional quantity needed for weighing each material (aqueous, lime, gypsum, sand) with standard electronic scale, moves to clean
Vacant lot be stirred, well is tried one's best and ensures that raw material puts specified amount of water after stirring, be made proportioning material；
The prototype of table 1 and model mechanics index of physics table
(2) making of model：In test platform feeding process, template is placed while piling up model, mould experiment
Model.It is artificial to pile up model process, it shall be noted that compacting proportioning material, block mold is increased 3cm every time, until model is high
1.1m.And ensure that minimal thickness is uniform.
(3) foil gauge, heating plate, water pipe, temperature sensor are buried：Experiment 1 need not bury thermal source and seepage flow source, test
2 pvc pipe, foil gauge during model is piled up in model is imbedded.Experiment 3 adds silica gel heating during model is piled up
Plate (it is 48 DEG C to set temperature), pvc pipe, foil gauge, temperature sensor, reference picture 2 and Fig. 4, foil gauge (circular dot) is in hole week
Enclose and arrange three circles along four direction, radially arranged foil gauge distance is 5cm, and first lap foil gauge is also 5cm away from hole wall.Examination
4 temperature settings are tested for 28 DEG C, experiment 5 is set to 38 DEG C, remaining sets identical with experiment 3.Be set to for infiltration capacity by experiment 6
100ml (by the diameter for changing pvc pipe), remaining sets identical with experiment 3.Infiltration capacity is set to 300ml by experiment 7, remaining
Set identical with experiment 3.Each foil gauge mount point to pattern board and the vertical range of model both sides is calculated, when simulation material
Embedded strain gauge when material is stacked to ad-hoc location.Four pvc pipes are symmetrical on stand center line, arrange and same horizontal line, often
Root tube hub spacing 15cm, the vertical range of tube center distance tunnel top is 7cm.By steel tubing portions are perpendicular to model front and incline
Tiltedly in embedment simulation material, 30 degree of angle of inclination.Circumference 4 point embedment heating plate (strips up and down are cut in away from hole wall 12cm
Shape).Temperature sensor (square dot) is apart from heating plate vertical range 10cm；
(4) conserve：Test model is carried out into maintenance one week under conditions of ventilation is dried, model is fully dried, finally
It is polymerized to an entirety；
(5) form removal：After test model spends maintenance age, by baffle plate according to from top to bottom, the order of " tearing open every ", successively
Pull down.Need first to loosen mould both sides bolt in operating process, make model inside ore body elder generation ingress of air, reach ventilative effect,
Shorten the mould release time so as to play.Protection model is noted during form removal, it is to avoid damage model highwall etc.；
(6) spot is painted：After the completion of form removal, speckle is drawn.Speckle carries out a system by manually dipping in black ink with writing brush, paints a need miscellaneous
Disorderly without chapter, but guarantee paints a little rounded as far as possible.Paint after a little terminating, horizontal elevation is noted in model subscript；
(7) monitor：VIC-3D noncontact whole audience strain measuring instruments are put in model front, have debugged monitoring system.It is logical
Pendent lamp adjustment indoor model brightness is crossed, while ensureing indoor electric safety, experimental safe.After zeroing treatment, need to be entered with speckle plate
Row equipment correction process, while monitoring camera filming frequency is set taking pictures once for every 3 minutes.After the completion of preparation, prison
Survey starts.In process of the test, it is ensured that monitoring device real-time working, and ensure the security of equipment.Open deformeter and temperature note
Record instrument record strain and temperature.
The excavation of S7, model：Excavate step-length and take 5cm, shoulder height takes 10cm, per 30 minutes excavation step used times.Until
Tunnel excavation is finished.
The excavation step explanation of table 2
Test result analysis：
The tunnel subsidence value of 2 (HM) of experiment is maximum as shown in Figure 6, and 1 (M) of experiment is minimum, and 2 (THM) of experiment are placed in the middle, and seepage flow is made
With causing the soil skeleton of the soil body to change, the elastic modelling quantity of the soil body is caused to reduce, subsidence value increase；High temperature causes the swollen of the soil body
It is swollen, cause subsidence value to reduce.
Experiment 1-3 discloses the vertical strain of the S1 monitorings under M, HM, THM effect with the carrying out excavated as shown in Figure 7
(εyy) Evolution.Contrast finds that temperature and seepage flow have an impact to the stability of Rock And Soil around tunnel.
Fig. 8 is disclosed the difference in THM couplings and is oozed by the monitoring in contrast test 3,4,5 to subsidence value
Influence of the penetration to ground settlement.Result display infiltration capacity is bigger, and ground settlement is bigger.Therefore or underground larger for precipitation
Water, should strengthening supporting measure during tunnel excavation than more rich area.
Fig. 9 discloses in THM couplings not equality of temperature by the monitoring in contrast test 3,6,7 to subsidence value
Spend the influence to subsidence value.As a result displays temperature is higher, and subsidence value is smaller.
The above, the only present invention preferably specific embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Any one skilled in the art in the technical scope of present disclosure, the change or replacement that can be readily occurred in,
Should all be included within the scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be with the protection model of claims
Enclose and be defined.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of temperature-seepage-stress THM coupling similar test method, it is characterised in that including step：
A, test model design：Requirement according to experiment determines the physical dimension and boundary condition of test model；
B, affinity constant design：Determine that geometric similarity compares α according to requirement of experiment and the limitation of experimental bench sizeL；Kinematic similitude shows
On time, speed and acceleration, its affinity constant isUnit weight likelihood ratio α is rule of thumb determined with requirement of experimentγ；Root
According to model and prototype corresponding points there is the identical stress equilibrium differential equation to obtain ασ=αt=αL·αγ, elastic modelling quantity and Poisson's ratio
The likelihood ratio is 1；
The design of C, strain, temperature monitoring schematic diagram and water pipe position view：Collect the side of strain data automatically using foil gauge
Case, determines foil gauge position in a model；Temperature is changed using heating plate, the position of heating plate and temperature sensor is determined；
Enter the osmotic control of water-filling using inclined water pipe, determine water pipe position in a model；
D, similar proportioning test：The reasonable similar proportioning of selection is the key of this analog simulation experiment, different types of similar material
Material, its mechanical property is different, by proportioning test, for analog simulation experiment provides suitable proportioning parameter；
The preparation of E, test material：Proportioning parameter according to step D prepares corresponding analog material；The making and protection against the tide of foil gauge
Treatment；
The making of F, scale model：
F1, dispensing：The test material that step E prepares is moved to be added water on clean vacant lot and is stirred；
The making of F2, model：In test platform feeding process, template is placed while piling up model, moulds test model,
Manually pile up in model process, note compacting proportioning material, and ensure that minimal thickness is uniform；
F3, embedded foil gauge, heating plate, water pipe, temperature sensor：Make model when will make foil gauge, heating plate,
In water pipe, temperature sensor embedment model, the position of embedment should determine according to design diagram；
F4, maintenance：Test model is carried out into maintenance one week under conditions of ventilation is dried, model is fully dried, be finally polymerized
It is an entirety, experimental stand completes after-applied different burden pressures according to experiment concrete condition in maintenance；
F5, form removal：Test model by after curing age, by baffle plate according to the order for tearing open from top to bottom, every, tearing open successively
Under, mould both sides bolt is first loosened in operating process, make model inside ore body elder generation ingress of air, ventilative effect is reached, so as to rise
To the mould release time is shortened, protection model is noted during form removal, it is to avoid damage model highwall；
F6, paint spot：After the completion of form removal, speckle is drawn, speckle carries out a system, paints the mixed and disorderly nothing of a need by manually dipping in black ink with writing brush
Chapter, and guarantee paints a little rounded, paints after a little terminating, and horizontal elevation is noted in model subscript；
F7, monitoring：Put noncontact whole audience strain measuring instrument, monitoring model displacement in model front；Open deformeter record
Strain；Opening temperature recorder records Rock And Soil temperature change；
The excavation of G, model：Temperature and water are adjusted to design parameter, using manual drilling, tunneling.
2. temperature according to claim 1-seepage-stress THM coupling similar test method, it is characterised in that：
Described heating plate is temperature controllable silica gel heating plate, size 150mm × 90mm × 1.8mm, operating voltage 220V, power
0.5W/cm2, 200 DEG C of maximum operation (service) temperature；
The probe of described temperature sensor is compressed spring type thermocouple, 0~200 DEG C of measurement range, the other end of temperature sensor
Connection moisture recorder, long term monitoring temperature change a, moisture recorder can connect multiple temperature sensors, respectively to difference
Temperature sensor be numbered, moisture recorder can record the temperature that different sensors are detected；
The water pipe is pvc pipe, and the external diameter of the pipe, internal diameter and length are respectively 2cm, 1.4cm and 30cm, there is 6 in pvc pipe
The circular port of a diameter of 0.5cm.
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| CN114429072A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-05-03 | 石家庄铁道大学 | Rich water karst tunnel homogeneity seepage flow monitoring system |
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