CN109709278A - A kind of experimental rig and method for simulating in situ environment strength of filling mass forming process - Google Patents
A kind of experimental rig and method for simulating in situ environment strength of filling mass forming process Download PDFInfo
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- CN109709278A CN109709278A CN201910024954.9A CN201910024954A CN109709278A CN 109709278 A CN109709278 A CN 109709278A CN 201910024954 A CN201910024954 A CN 201910024954A CN 109709278 A CN109709278 A CN 109709278A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to Cut-and-fill Mining Technology fields, and in particular to a kind of experimental rig and method for simulating in situ environment strength of filling mass forming process.Technical scheme is as follows: a kind of experimental rig for simulating in situ environment strength of filling mass forming process, including pore pressure meter, matric suction meter, humidity sensor, fiber Bragg grating strain sensor, fiber grating temperature sensor, optical fiber grating sensing demodulator, laser displacement gauge, thermostat and molding structure, the molding structure includes pedestal, wooden shell, lower filter plate, circular cylindrical cavity, upper cover, plastic flexible pipe, polyurethane thermal-insulation foam, bracket and blanking funnel.The present invention is capable of the condensation process test of complete independently obturation, monitor the test of obturation internal strain, humidity, temperature strain, stress and osmotic pressure, the temperature inside large volume obturation and the variation of strain etc. can be analyzed, further deeply provides necessary means for research work.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Cut-and-fill Mining Technology fields, and in particular to a kind of simulation in situ environment strength of filling mass forming process
Experimental rig and method.
Background technique
With the environmental problem caused during the worsening shortages and mining of renewable mineral resources, filling in mine quilt
It is considered as a kind of mining methods that can slow down or eliminate environmental hazard effect.It is (exploitation of two steps) or mined out in the method for mining by the way of filling
In area's filling, in order to reach supporting role of the obturation in stope, it will usually the higher strength of filling mass of conservative selection, especially
When it is that obturation is as self-supporting artificial ore pillar in two step extraction systems, and the realization of strength of filling mass is certain by adding
What the cementing agent of content was realized, common cementing agent is ordinary portland cement, and cement content is higher, and the intensity of obturation is got over
Greatly.The increase of cementing agent content, resulting filling cost often occupy very big specific gravity in entire mine initial investment.
All the time, the cost of obturation is an important factor for restricting method of mining by the way of filling development.Therefore it need to study and realize in an optimal manner
Met functional requirement is filled, cement consumption is reduced, to achieve the purpose that reduce filling cost, that is, is realized special for stope
Determine environment precisely to be filled.Meet various filling functional requirements in underground mining stope to not only be able to achieve obturation, but also can be compared with
How the usage amount of cementing agent in the saving obturation changed greatly, numerous scholars reduce cement content in research and use various additional
Additive substitute cement, such as flyash, slag and all kinds of water-reducing agents and retarder, achieve many beneficial researchs at
Fruit largely reduces the usage amount of cementing agent in filling, reduces the filling cost in mine, and protect to a certain extent
Having demonstrate,proved prevents surface subsidence and gob collapse, realizes the lasting exploit in mine.
During studying cementing agent usage amount, the uniaxial compressive strength of obturation simply, conveniently, is all the time because of it
Quantify an important indicator of strength of filling mass performance.For a long time, how quantitative domestic and foreign scholars are devoted to research
And it is accurately obtained the intensity distribution form of obturation inside filling stope in situ.Forefathers have carried out a large amount of obturation indoors
Uniaxial compression experiment has obtained obturation uniaxial compressive strength as the variation of curing time, the ratio of mud, cementing agent content etc. is advised
Rule.But since underground mining stope is influenced by geological conditions, in a fixed humidity, temperature environment, obturation is filled with
Settlement Consolidation effect can occur after stope, hydration forms intensity in turn.And hydration would generally generate a large amount of aquation
Heat, at the same time, the excessively high country rock temperature of hydration and its deep mining can be produced from drying effect inside obturation
(pore interior moisture is influenced to gradually decrease by hydration, causes capillary attraction effect enhancing), and then cause obturation hair
It is born from contraction distortion, the formation mechenism of this and intensity has direct relevance, because self-constriction deformation is related with the rigidity of skeleton,
Rigidity is bigger, and the suction of required a certain amount of self-constriction deformation is bigger, and the size of skeleton rigidity is directly related to the intensity of obturation,
The rigidity of skeleton increases with the increase of hydration.Stress distribution because its underground mining stope size is different, inside obturation
And its intensity distribution compares and is influenced by many factors, is a kind of combined influence as a result, its result is also more complex.This will lead to
The uniaxial compressive strength and reality only conserved by indoor standard part generates biggish deviation.Although forefathers fill large size
The Settlement Consolidation effect of body test specimen is analyzed, but rare scholar considers under different obturation sizes, consideration self weight effect,
Under Settlement Consolidation effect and curing temperature coupling, intensity distribution caused by the heat of hydration is different is different.
Therefore, the difference acted on according to filling in mine, in order to realize the intensity of reasonable, economic selection obturation.This
There is an urgent need to establish interior and adopt in situ by a kind of more convenient and cheap, reliable monitoring means by field technical staff
Between, the transformational relation of strength of filling mass, it is intended to quantitatively can reasonably be obtained needed for obturation in situ by laboratory test
Intensity.But lack consider under different obturation sizes at this stage, it is in situ to fill under stope environmental effect, especially consider
Obturation self weight arching effect, Settlement Consolidation effect meet above-mentioned mesh with the experimental rig under the temperature coupling of country rock body rock
's.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of experimental rig and method for simulating in situ environment strength of filling mass forming process, is not only able to
The condensation process of complete independently obturation is tested, and can complete to monitor obturation internal strain, humidity, temperature in condensation process
Degree strain, the test of stress and osmotic pressure, while meeting consider different ambient temperature conditions to simulate not during the test
Same rock temperature condition, the conditions of difference filling Stope dimensions, the temperature inside large volume obturation can be analyzed and strained etc.
Variation further deeply provides necessary means for research work.
Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of experimental rig for simulating in situ environment strength of filling mass forming process, including it is pore pressure meter, matric suction meter, wet
Spend sensor, fiber Bragg grating strain sensor, fiber grating temperature sensor, optical fiber grating sensing demodulator, laser displacement gauge,
Thermostat and molding structure, the molding structure include that pedestal, wooden shell, lower filter plate, circular cylindrical cavity, upper cover, plastics are soft
Pipe, polyurethane thermal-insulation foam, bracket and blanking funnel, wooden shell are arranged on the base, and lower filter plate setting is wooden outer
In shell, circular cylindrical cavity is placed on lower filter plate, and the upper cover is equipped with circular hole, and the upper cover is mounted on the upper end of wooden shell,
Plastic flexible pipe is wrapped in outside circular cylindrical cavity, and polyurethane thermal-insulation foam is filled between wooden shell and circular cylindrical cavity, institute
State bracket setting on the cover, blanking funnel is placed on the bracket；Circular cylindrical cavity is equipped with multiple mounting holes, hole
Pressure meter, matric suction meter, humidity sensor, fiber Bragg grating strain sensor and fiber grating temperature sensor are mounted on the peace
It fills at hole, fiber Bragg grating strain sensor and fiber grating temperature sensor are connected by conducting wire and optical fiber grating sensing demodulator
It connects, plastic flexible pipe is connected to the thermostat, and laser displacement gauge is used to carry out real-time monitoring to the settling amount of obturation.
The experimental rig of the simulation in situ environment strength of filling mass forming process, preferred embodiment is the cylinder
Shape cavity is prepared by aluminium-plastic panel or PVC board.
The experimental rig of the simulation in situ environment strength of filling mass forming process, preferred embodiment is the installation
Hole is arranged at the different height of circular cylindrical cavity, and four mounting holes are uniformly distributed at each height.
The experimental rig of the simulation in situ environment strength of filling mass forming process, preferred embodiment is, described wooden
The lower part of shell is equipped with handle hole.
The experimental rig of the simulation in situ environment strength of filling mass forming process, preferred embodiment is pore pressure meter, base
Matter suction gauge, humidity sensor, optical fiber grating sensing demodulator, laser displacement gauge and thermostat are connected by conducting wire and computer
It connects.
A kind of test method for simulating in situ environment strength of filling mass forming process, is filled using above-mentioned simulation in situ environment
The experimental rig for filling out body intensity forming process, includes the following steps:
Step 1: the sand-lime of obturation material needed for determining when concentration；Calculate the dosage of tailings, cementing agent and water；
Step 2: tailings, cementing agent are poured into blender by preparation obturation material, and water needed for adding after being sufficiently mixed stirs
Machine stirring 10-15min is mixed, is sufficiently mixed uniformly；
Step 3: thermostat is set to required temperature；
Step 4: the blanking funnel of suitable dimension is selected according to the pack completeness of underground mining stope according to geometric similarity criterion；
Step 5: according to the discharge rate of underground mining stope, the seepage rate of lower filter plate is selected；
Step 6: obturation material is filled in circular cylindrical cavity by blanking funnel, fills up after circular cylindrical cavity, unloads
Lower blanking funnel places a round tagger in the upper surface of obturation, laser displacement gauge is installed on the cover, will
Laser, which is beaten, to be penetrated on round tagger, and the real-time monitoring of obturation settling amount is carried out；Meanwhile it being made indoors using obturation material
Standby Ф 50*100mm cylindrical type standard component, is placed in the chest equipped with polyurethane thermal-insulation foam material and is conserved, reached
When corresponding age, cylindrical type standard component is taken out and carries out uniaxial compression test, to compare experiment；
Step 7: by the circular cylindrical cavity of different-diameter size, preparing the obturation of different size, simulates different big
Settlement Consolidation data inside small underground mining stope retrofilling body, to obtain the intensity of obturation in different size underground mining stopes
Rule；
Step 8: fiber Bragg grating strain sensor and the signal of fiber grating temperature sensor pass to optical fiber grating sensing
(FBG) demodulator, the signal transmitting of optical fiber grating sensing demodulator, laser displacement gauge, pore pressure meter, matric suction meter and humidity sensor
To computer；
Step 9: after body to be filled reaches curing time, dismantling molding structure, obturation test specimen is obtained, according to 100mm
Height obturation test specimen is cut with rock cutter, then the axial centre position of obturation test specimen after dicing into
Row coring, obtains the obturation standard component of different location, carries out mechanical property tests test, to analyze at different height by
Settlement difference and its stress arching effect and the nonunf ormity for causing strength of filling mass；
Step 10: according to the data of acquisition, temperature of the obturation in the filling chamber of different sizes is analyzed, shrinks and answers
Become, the variation of humidity, affecting laws of the analysis Settlement Consolidation process to obturation internal intensity.
The invention has the benefit that
1, experimental facilities of the invention, have it is easy to operate, it is cheap, while the mould of kinds of schemes obturation can be carried out
Draft experiment, monitoring method can be applied directly to the intensity forming process that scene carries out in-situ monitoring obturation, the monitoring method
More conventional soil pressure cell, matric suction sensor, monitoring carry out long range multiple spot and measure simultaneously, have higher resolution ratio, energy
The interference of the other factors such as electromagnetism is enough avoided, monitoring result is stablized；It can be supporting filling body mechanism in conjunction with correlation theories knowledge
And obturation foundation related to country rock interaction offer.
2, the mechanical behavior monitoring inside the different Stope dimension retrofilling bodies of simulation can be achieved.
3, the monitoring of mechanical behavior inside simulation different surrounding rock temperature retrofilling body can be achieved.
4, the sedimentation condensation that can be achieved to monitor obturation under simulation weight stress arching and the coupling of country rock body rock temperature is hard
Change, i.e. the forming process of intensity.
5, compared with prior art, the present invention being not only able to the sedimentation condensation hardening process test of complete independently obturation,
And it can sufficiently simulate the intensity after consideration stope environment retrofilling body in situ is filled under by effect of weight stress arching
Forming process, and the Evolution of characterization intensity forming process parameter, Jin Erjian are obtained by the continuous monitoring means of fiber grating
Relationship between vertical stope intensity indoor and in situ, further deeply provides necessary means for research work.
6, polyurethane thermal-insulation foam material is installed in the cavity and plastic flexible pipe periphery, is realized heat-insulated processing, is avoided equipment
Internal temperature and environment temperature carries out heat exchange.
7, in order to realize that obturation is filled with constant rate of speed, a blanking funnel is added on the top of equipment.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of molding structure；
Fig. 2 is the sectional interior view of molding structure；
Fig. 3 is the experimental rig annexation figure for simulating in situ environment strength of filling mass forming process.
In figure, 1-blanking funnel, 2-brackets, 3-plastic flexible pipes, 4-upper covers, 5-circular cylindrical cavities, 6-polyurethane
Insulating foam, 7-wooden shells, 8-lower filter plates, 9-handle holes, 10-pedestals, 11-fiber Bragg grating strain sensors, 12-
Fiber grating temperature sensor, 13-optical fiber grating sensing demodulators, 14-computers.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1-3, a kind of experimental rig for simulating in situ environment strength of filling mass forming process, including pore pressure meter,
Matric suction meter, humidity sensor, fiber Bragg grating strain sensor 11, fiber grating temperature sensor 12, optical fiber grating sensing
(FBG) demodulator 13, laser displacement gauge, thermostat and molding structure, the molding structure include pedestal 10, wooden shell 7, lower filter plate
8, circular cylindrical cavity 5, upper cover 4, plastic flexible pipe 3, polyurethane thermal-insulation foam 6, bracket 2 and blanking funnel 1, wooden shell 7 are arranged
On the pedestal 10, lower filter plate 8 is arranged in wooden shell 7, and circular cylindrical cavity 5 is placed on lower filter plate 8, the upper cover 4
Equipped with circular hole, the upper cover 4 is mounted on the upper end of wooden shell 7, and plastic flexible pipe 3 is wrapped in outside circular cylindrical cavity 5, polyurethane
Insulating foam 6 is filled between wooden shell 7 and circular cylindrical cavity 5, and the bracket 2 is arranged in the upper cover 4, blanking funnel
1 is placed on the bracket 2；Circular cylindrical cavity 5 is equipped with multiple mounting holes, and circular cylindrical cavity 5 is arranged in the mounting hole
At different height, four mounting holes, pore pressure meter, matric suction meter, humidity sensor, optical fiber are uniformly distributed at each height
Grating strain transducer 11 and fiber grating temperature sensor 12 are mounted at the mounting hole, fiber Bragg grating strain sensor 11
And fiber grating temperature sensor 12 is connect by conducting wire with optical fiber grating sensing demodulator 13, plastic flexible pipe 3 and the permanent heat
Device connection, laser displacement gauge are used to carry out real-time monitoring to the settling amount of obturation；The circular cylindrical cavity 5 is prepared by PVC board；
The lower part of the wooden shell 7 is equipped with handle hole 9；Pore pressure meter, matric suction meter, humidity sensor, fiber grating sensing demodulation
Instrument 13, laser displacement gauge and thermostat are connect by conducting wire with computer 14；Matric suction sensor used in matric suction meter
Model: MPS-6；Pore pressure meter model: CYY99；Optical fiber grating sensing reconciles instrument model: SI255；Laser displacement gauge model: CD33-
30NV；Humidity sensor model: 5TE；Thermostat is thermostatical circulating water bath HX-101.
A kind of test method for simulating in situ environment strength of filling mass forming process, is filled using above-mentioned simulation in situ environment
The experimental rig for filling out body intensity forming process, includes the following steps:
Step 1: the solid concentration 80% of obturation material, cementing agent content 5%, 20 μm of tailings fine graineds below need
Reach 15% or more；According to formula:
Calculate the dosage of tailings, cementing agent and water；
Step 2: tailings, cementing agent are poured into blender by preparation obturation material, and water needed for adding after being sufficiently mixed stirs
Machine stirring 10-15min is mixed, is sufficiently mixed uniformly；
Step 3: thermostat is set to required temperature；
Step 4: the blanking funnel 1 of suitable dimension is selected according to the pack completeness of underground mining stope according to geometric similarity criterion；
Step 5: according to the discharge rate of underground mining stope, the seepage rate of lower filter plate 8 is selected；
Step 6: obturation material being filled in circular cylindrical cavity 5 by blanking funnel, is filled up after circular cylindrical cavity 5,
Blanking funnel 1 is unloaded, a round tagger is placed in the upper surface of obturation, laser displacement gauge is installed in the upper cover 4
On, laser is beaten and is penetrated on round tagger, the real-time monitoring of obturation settling amount is carried out；Meanwhile being existed using obturation material
Indoor preparation Ф 50*100mm cylindrical type standard component, is placed in the chest equipped with polyurethane thermal-insulation foam material and is conserved,
When reaching corresponding age, cylindrical type standard component is taken out and carries out uniaxial compression test, to compare experiment；
Step 7: by the circular cylindrical cavity 5 of different-diameter size, the obturation of different size is prepared, simulation is different
Settlement Consolidation data inside the underground mining stope retrofilling body of size, to obtain the strong of obturation in different size underground mining stopes
Metric rule；
Step 8: fiber Bragg grating strain sensor 11 and the signal of fiber grating temperature sensor 12 pass to fiber grating
Sensing demodulator 13, optical fiber grating sensing demodulator 13, laser displacement gauge, pore pressure meter, matric suction meter and humidity sensor
Signal passes to computer 14；
Step 9: after body to be filled reaches curing time (3 days, 7 days, 14 days, 28 days), molding structure is dismantled, is obtained
Obturation test specimen cuts obturation test specimen with rock cutter according to 100mm height, then obturation after dicing
The axial centre position of test specimen carries out coring, obtains the obturation standard component of different location, carries out mechanical property tests test, uses
To analyze the nonunf ormity for being caused strength of filling mass at different height by settlement difference and its stress arching effect；
Step 10: according to the data of acquisition, temperature of the obturation in the filling chamber of different sizes is analyzed, shrinks and answers
Become, the variation of humidity, affecting laws of the analysis Settlement Consolidation process to obturation internal intensity.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of experimental rig for simulating in situ environment strength of filling mass forming process, which is characterized in that including pore pressure meter, matrix
Suction gauge, fiber Bragg grating strain sensor, fiber grating temperature sensor, optical fiber grating sensing demodulator, swashs at humidity sensor
Light displacement meter, thermostat and molding structure, the molding structure include pedestal, wooden shell, lower filter plate, circular cylindrical cavity, on
Lid, plastic flexible pipe, polyurethane thermal-insulation foam, bracket and blanking funnel, wooden shell are arranged on the base, lower filter plate setting
In wooden shell, circular cylindrical cavity is placed on lower filter plate, and the upper cover is equipped with circular hole, and the upper cover is mounted on wooden shell
Upper end, plastic flexible pipe is wrapped in outside circular cylindrical cavity, and polyurethane thermal-insulation foam is filled in wooden shell and circular cylindrical cavity
Between, on the cover, blanking funnel is placed on the bracket for the bracket setting；Circular cylindrical cavity is equipped with multiple peaces
Fill hole, pore pressure meter, matric suction meter, humidity sensor, fiber Bragg grating strain sensor and fiber grating temperature sensor installation
At the mounting hole, fiber Bragg grating strain sensor and fiber grating temperature sensor pass through conducting wire and optical fiber grating sensing solution
Instrument connection is adjusted, plastic flexible pipe is connected to the thermostat, and laser displacement gauge is used to carry out real-time monitoring to the settling amount of obturation.
2. the experimental rig of simulation in situ environment strength of filling mass forming process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The circular cylindrical cavity is prepared by aluminium-plastic panel or PVC board.
3. the experimental rig of simulation in situ environment strength of filling mass forming process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The mounting hole is arranged at the different height of circular cylindrical cavity, and four mounting holes are uniformly distributed at each height.
4. the experimental rig of simulation in situ environment strength of filling mass forming process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The lower part of the wooden shell is equipped with handle hole.
5. the experimental rig of simulation in situ environment strength of filling mass forming process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
Pore pressure meter, matric suction meter, humidity sensor, optical fiber grating sensing demodulator, laser displacement gauge and thermostat by conducting wire with
Computer connection.
6. a kind of test method for simulating in situ environment strength of filling mass forming process, which is characterized in that using such as claim
The experimental rig of simulation in situ environment strength of filling mass forming process, includes the following steps: described in one of 1-5
Step 1: the sand-lime of obturation material needed for determining when concentration；Calculate the dosage of tailings, cementing agent and water；
Step 2: tailings, cementing agent are poured into blender by preparation obturation material, water needed for adding after being sufficiently mixed, blender
10-15min is stirred, is sufficiently mixed uniformly；
Step 3: thermostat is set to required temperature；
Step 4: the blanking funnel of suitable dimension is selected according to the pack completeness of underground mining stope according to geometric similarity criterion；
Step 5: according to the discharge rate of underground mining stope, the seepage rate of lower filter plate is selected；
Step 6: obturation material is filled in circular cylindrical cavity by blanking funnel, fills up after circular cylindrical cavity, unloads down
Funnel is placed a round tagger in the upper surface of obturation, laser displacement gauge is installed on the cover, by laser
It beats and penetrates on round tagger, carry out the real-time monitoring of obturation settling amount；Meanwhile Ф is prepared indoors using obturation material
50*100mm cylindrical type standard component, is placed in the chest equipped with polyurethane thermal-insulation foam material and is conserved, and corresponds to reaching
Age when, by cylindrical type standard component take out carry out uniaxial compression test, so as to compare experiment；
Step 7: by the circular cylindrical cavity of different-diameter size, the obturation of different size is prepared, is simulated different size of
Settlement Consolidation data inside underground mining stope retrofilling body, to obtain the intensity rule of obturation in different size underground mining stopes
Rule；
Step 8: fiber Bragg grating strain sensor and the signal of fiber grating temperature sensor pass to fiber grating sensing demodulation
Instrument, optical fiber grating sensing demodulator, laser displacement gauge, pore pressure meter, matric suction meter and humidity sensor signal pass to meter
Calculation machine；
Step 9: after body to be filled reaches curing time, dismantling molding structure, obtains obturation test specimen, according to 100mm height
Obturation test specimen is cut with rock cutter, then the axial centre position of obturation test specimen after dicing is taken
Core obtains the obturation standard component of different location, carries out mechanical property tests test, is settled at different height to analyze
Difference and its stress arching effect and the nonunf ormity for causing strength of filling mass；
Step 10: according to the data of acquisition, analyze temperature of the obturation in the filling chamber of different sizes, contraction strain,
The variation of humidity, affecting laws of the analysis Settlement Consolidation process to obturation internal intensity.
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| CN111622807A (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2020-09-04 | 矿冶科技集团有限公司 | Mine in-situ filling body mechanical evaluation system and method |
| CN114754818A (en) * | 2022-04-22 | 2022-07-15 | 王盼 | Stress and temperature monitoring method for filling paste of spacer strip |
| CN115656316A (en) * | 2022-07-21 | 2023-01-31 | 西安科技大学 | Synchronous monitoring device and method for ultrasonic and self-contraction characteristics of paste in hardening process |
| CN115754235A (en) * | 2022-11-17 | 2023-03-07 | 西安科技大学 | Monitoring device and analysis method for interaction between ageing deformation of surrounding rock body and hardening process of filling body |
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