CN106863921A - 一种吸隔声屏结构 - Google Patents
一种吸隔声屏结构 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种吸隔声屏结构,包括依次贴合的第一面板、第一蜂窝芯、第二面板、第二蜂窝芯和第三面板;第一面板上设有小孔,第一蜂窝芯和第二蜂窝芯上均设有槽,第一蜂窝芯的高度不大于第二蜂窝芯的高度,第二面板上设有微孔,第三面板为实心板,小孔和微孔与第一蜂窝芯和第二蜂窝芯的蜂窝孔格空腔形成串联或并联的“亥姆赫兹共振腔”结构,拓宽了吸声结构频率带宽;第三面板与“亥姆赫兹共振腔”结构形成复合“惠更斯菲涅尔理论”隔声结构。本发明通过采用复合材料面板/蜂窝芯夹层结构并设计多层串/并联蜂窝夹层结构以及在蜂窝芯侧面设计凹槽,解决了传统吸隔声屏刚度较低、吸/隔声频带较窄以及清理维护较难的问题。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种吸隔声屏结构,能够实现宽频带降噪,属于噪声治理技术领域。
背景技术
随着人们对生活品质的追求越来越高,很多人都希望工作、生活在一个相对安静、无噪声污染的环境中,但在公共场所,噪声源众多,例如:工厂的设备噪声,机场、火车站的嘈杂声音,公路上各类车辆行驶过程的胎噪,轨道交通的噪声等,这些噪声破坏了理想的声环境,亟待控制。
对噪声源进行吸隔声处理是一种常用的噪声控制手段,传统的吸隔声屏结构简单,例如:高速公路两侧的声屏障,通常采用水泥浇注或金属开孔(或开槽)板填充吸声材料;其自身重量较重,导致安装、运输、维护成本较高,而且直接影响到地面、道路、桥梁的承载能力。
现有技术中,常规的吸隔声屏、声屏障等降噪装置还存在以下问题:
第一、自重较大、安装过程较为繁琐。
第二、结构刚度较低,吸声、隔声频带较窄。
第三、遭遇雷雨、大风、降雪、冰雹等天气时,其吸隔声效果较差,而且难以清理和维护。
发明内容
本发明解决的技术问题是:克服现有技术的不足,本发明提供了一种吸隔声屏结构,通过采用复合材料制造第一面板、第二面板和第三面板配合第一蜂窝芯和第二蜂窝芯构成轻质夹层结构,减轻了结构整体重量,克服了传统吸隔声屏自重较大的难题;通过采用复合材料面板/蜂窝芯夹层结构,提高了结构刚度,弥补了传统吸隔声屏刚度较低的缺陷;通过设计多层串/并联蜂窝夹层结构,解决了传统吸隔声屏吸声、隔声频带较窄的问题;通过设计第一蜂窝芯和第二蜂窝芯侧面的凹槽,解决了传统吸隔声屏清理维护较难的问题。
本发明的技术解决方案是:
一种吸隔声屏结构,包括第一面板、第一蜂窝芯、第二面板、第二蜂窝芯和第三面板;第一面板、第一蜂窝芯、第二面板、第二蜂窝芯、第三面板依次贴合,第一面板上设有小孔,第一蜂窝芯和第二蜂窝芯的侧面均设有用于收集杂质的凹槽,第一蜂窝芯的高度不大于第二蜂窝芯的高度,第二面板上设有微孔,第三面板为实心板,所述小孔和所述微孔与第一蜂窝芯和第二蜂窝芯的蜂窝孔格空腔形成“亥姆赫兹共振腔”结构,所述第三面板与所述“亥姆赫兹共振腔”结构形成复合“惠更斯菲涅尔理论”隔声结构。
在上述的一种吸隔声屏结构中,所述第一面板、第二面板、第三面板的形状均为矩形。
在上述的一种吸隔声屏结构中,所述第一蜂窝芯和第二蜂窝芯的密度范围均为60~150Kg/m3。
在上述的一种吸隔声屏结构中,所述第一面板的厚度为1~2mm,第二面板的厚度为0.5~1.5mm,第三面板的厚度为2~5mm。
在上述的一种吸隔声屏结构中,所述第一蜂窝芯采用铝蜂窝或芳纶纸蜂窝,第二蜂窝芯采用铝蜂窝或芳纶纸蜂窝。
在上述的一种吸隔声屏结构中,所述第一面板采用玻璃钢、玄武岩纤维复合材料或碳纤维复合材料,第二面板采用玻璃钢、玄武岩纤维复合材料或碳纤维复合材料,第三面板采用玻璃钢、玄武岩纤维复合材料或碳纤维复合材料。
在上述的一种吸隔声屏结构中,所述第一蜂窝芯和第二蜂窝芯的凹槽与吸隔声屏下端的排水口相连,用于排除积水或杂质。
在上述的一种吸隔声屏结构中,所述第一面板的小孔孔径范围是1~3mm。
在上述的一种吸隔声屏结构中,所述第二面板的微孔孔径范围是0.5~1mm。
本发明与现有技术相比的有益效果是:
【1】本发明通过设计第一面板、第二面板和第三面板采用复合材料配合第一蜂窝芯和第二蜂窝芯构成轻质夹层结构,减轻了结构整体的重量,对地面、道路、桥梁的负荷较小,克服了传统吸隔声屏自重较大的难题。
【2】本发明通过采用复合材料面板/蜂窝芯夹层结构,使得弯曲刚度达到了4~9x103N·mm2的范围,剪切刚度达到了200~300KN的范围,弥补了传统吸隔声屏刚度较低的缺陷。
【3】本发明通过在第一蜂窝芯和第二蜂窝芯上设置用于收集杂质的凹槽,使得雨水可以通过凹槽流到吸隔声屏下端的排水口。在日常维护时,可以采用高压水冲洗的方式清洗吸隔声屏,解决了传统吸隔声屏难以清理维护的问题。
【4】本发明宽频带吸声和隔声的效果相比于传统吸隔声版均有显著提升,利用阻抗管声学测试方法测得,本发明在125-2000Hz范围内的平均吸声系数介于0.60~0.98之间;利用隔声室法测得,本发明在125-4000Hz的倍频带的计权隔声量介于25~28dB之间。
【5】本发明整体结构紧凑,适用于多种环境,在复杂工况下依然能够正常使用,通用性强。
【6】本发明为模块化产品,易于安装和更换,有效降低了结构整体的维护成本。
【7】本发明的吸隔声屏面板为复合材料,芯材为铝蜂窝或芳纶纸蜂窝,面板和芯材均为耐候性材料,优化了结构整体的耐候性能,延长了使用寿命,即使长期在雨水充沛、温度高、日照时间长的地区(高温、高湿环境)使用,性能下降不明显,设计寿命大于25年。
附图说明
图1为本发明结构的侧视图
图2为本发明结构的主视图
其中:1 第一面板;2 第一蜂窝芯;3 第二面板;4 第二蜂窝芯;5 第三面板
具体实施方式
为使本发明的方案更加明了,下面结合附图说明和具体实施例对本发明作进一步描述:
如图1~2所示,一种吸隔声屏结构,包括第一面板1、第一蜂窝芯2、第二面板3、第二蜂窝芯4和第三面板5;第一面板1、第一蜂窝芯2、第二面板3、第二蜂窝芯4、第三面板5依次贴合,第一面板1上设有小孔,第一蜂窝芯2和第二蜂窝芯4的侧面均设有用于收集杂质的凹槽,第一蜂窝芯2的高度不大于第二蜂窝芯4的高度,第二面板3上设有微孔,第三面板5为实心板,所述小孔和所述微孔与第一蜂窝芯2和第二蜂窝芯4的蜂窝孔格空腔形成“亥姆赫兹共振腔”结构,拓宽了吸声结构频率带宽,所述第三面板5与“亥姆赫兹共振腔”结构形成复合“惠更斯菲涅尔理论”隔声结构。
第一面板1、第二面板3、第三面板5的形状均为矩形。
优选的,第一蜂窝芯2和第二蜂窝芯4的密度均设为68Kg/m3。
优选的,第一面板1的厚度设为1mm;第二面板3的厚度设为0.5mm;第三面板5的厚度设为2mm。
优选的,第一蜂窝芯2和第二蜂窝芯4均采用铝蜂窝。
优选的,第一面板1、第二面板3和第三面板5的材料均采用玻璃钢。
优选的,第一蜂窝芯2的高度设为30mm,第二蜂窝芯4的高度设为70mm。
优选的,第一面板1的小孔孔径设为1mm。
优选的,第二面板3的微孔孔径设为0.5mm。
经检测,本实施例的吸隔声屏密度为109kg/m3,弯曲刚度为6.5x103N·mm2,剪切刚度为209KN。
本发明的第一蜂窝芯2和第二蜂窝芯4作为吸隔声屏结构的两层蜂窝芯,在实际使用时,可以根据产品的实际需求将蜂窝芯的层数设计为2~5层,且在每层蜂窝芯的平面内配置不同规格的蜂窝芯,即串/并联结构,以便于更加高效的拓宽吸声结构频率带宽。
本发明的工作原理是:
将第一面板1朝向噪声源,利用第一面板1上的小孔、第二面板3上的微孔、第一蜂窝芯2和第二蜂窝芯4形成串联或并联的“亥姆赫兹共振腔”结构,拓宽吸声结构频率带宽(两个以上的频率带宽),同时,第三面板5与串联或并联的“亥姆赫兹共振腔”结构形成复合“惠更斯菲涅尔理论”结构,显著提升隔声量,而且灰尘、雨水等杂质均通过第一蜂窝芯2和第二蜂窝芯4侧面的凹槽进行收集处理,实现有效的宽频带噪声治理。
本发明说明书中未详细描述的内容为本领域技术人员公知技术。
Claims (9)
1.一种吸隔声屏结构,其特征在于:包括第一面板(1)、第一蜂窝芯(2)、第二面板(3)、第二蜂窝芯(4)和第三面板(5);第一面板(1)、第一蜂窝芯(2)、第二面板(3)、第二蜂窝芯(4)、第三面板(5)依次贴合,第一面板(1)上设有小孔,第一蜂窝芯(2)和第二蜂窝芯(4)的侧面均设有用于收集杂质的凹槽,第一蜂窝芯(2)的高度不大于第二蜂窝芯(4)的高度,第二面板(3)上设有微孔,第三面板(5)为实心板,所述小孔和所述微孔与第一蜂窝芯(2)和第二蜂窝芯(4)的蜂窝孔格空腔形成“亥姆赫兹共振腔”结构,所述第三面板(5)与所述“亥姆赫兹共振腔”结构形成复合“惠更斯菲涅尔理论”隔声结构。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种吸隔声屏结构,其特征在于:所述第一面板(1)、第二面板(3)、第三面板(5)的形状均为矩形。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种吸隔声屏结构,其特征在于:所述第一蜂窝芯(2)和第二蜂窝芯(4)的密度范围均为60~150Kg/m3。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种吸隔声屏结构,其特征在于:所述第一面板(1)的厚度为1~2mm,第二面板(3)的厚度为0.5~1.5mm,第三面板(5)的厚度为2~5mm。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种吸隔声屏结构,其特征在于:所述第一蜂窝芯(2)采用铝蜂窝或芳纶纸蜂窝,第二蜂窝芯(4)采用铝蜂窝或芳纶纸蜂窝。
6.根据权利要求4所述的一种吸隔声屏结构,其特征在于:所述第一面板(1)采用玻璃钢、玄武岩纤维复合材料或碳纤维复合材料,第二面板(3)采用玻璃钢、玄武岩纤维复合材料或碳纤维复合材料,第三面板(5)采用玻璃钢、玄武岩纤维复合材料或碳纤维复合材料。
7.根据权利要求5所述的一种吸隔声屏结构,其特征在于:所述第一蜂窝芯(2)和第二蜂窝芯(4)的凹槽与吸隔声屏下端的排水口相连,用于排除积水或杂质。
8.根据权利要求6所述的一种吸隔声屏结构,其特征在于:所述第一面板(1)的小孔孔径范围是1~3mm。
9.根据权利要求6所述的一种吸隔声屏结构,其特征在于:所述第二面板(3)的微孔孔径范围是0.5~1mm。
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