CN106862694B - A kind of method of the soldering of functionally gradient material (FGM) method stainless steel and hard alloy - Google Patents
A kind of method of the soldering of functionally gradient material (FGM) method stainless steel and hard alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN106862694B CN106862694B CN201710221773.6A CN201710221773A CN106862694B CN 106862694 B CN106862694 B CN 106862694B CN 201710221773 A CN201710221773 A CN 201710221773A CN 106862694 B CN106862694 B CN 106862694B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/008—Soldering within a furnace
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/20—Preliminary treatment of work or areas to be soldered, e.g. in respect of a galvanic coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/20—Preliminary treatment of work or areas to be soldered, e.g. in respect of a galvanic coating
- B23K1/206—Cleaning
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
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- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of method of the soldering of functionally gradient material (FGM) method stainless steel and hard alloy, is related to a kind of method for being brazed stainless steel and hard alloy.In soldering connection technology of the present invention in order to solve existing hard alloy and stainless steel, welding point forms a large amount of welding defects and the larger problem of welding point residual stress in the welding process.Method: 1, composite soldering powder is prepared；2, it stirs；3, composite soldering paillon is prepared；4, stainless steel, hard alloy, metallic intermediate layer and composite soldering powder cleaning, are stacked in graphite fixture and obtain part to be welded；5, it is brazed.The present invention carries out assistant brazing to hard alloy and stainless steel using the method for functionally gradient material (FGM), by functionally gradient material (FGM) method, greatly alleviates the influence of the come band of difference of linear expansion, weakens residual stress, eliminates welding defect.The present invention is suitable for stainless steel and carbide quartz welding.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of functionally gradient material (FGM) method soldering stainless steel and hard alloy
Background technique
Hard alloy is to pass through powder metallurgy process by high rigidity and the metals such as high duty metal carbide and Fe, Co, Ni
Obtained alloy.Carbide in this alloy makes alloy have high hardness and wearability, and metallic matrix in this alloy
The good red hardness of alloy and thermal conductivity are assigned again；Due to its superior property, it be used to manufacture cutting tool, cutter and wear-resisting
Components are known as " industrial tooth ", and this alloy is also widely used in military project, space flight and aviation, machining, petroleum
Drilling well, building, the various industries such as tool in mine.Although hard alloy have protruded above excellent performance, poor impact toughness,
It is expensive, it is difficult to be applied integrally to machinery, therefore the prior art mainly adopts with steel structure connection as functional form component, and benefit
With the plasticity and toughness and the structural performance complement with realization and hard alloy of steel construction, structural advantage is played jointly；To guarantee knot
The durability of structure, the steel in steel construction mostly use stainless steel, thus the jointing of hard alloy and stainless steel have it is huge
Economic value and performance advantage.However in the high intensity such as cutting, excavation, drilling well, overheat, the complicated severe situation of operating condition to hard
The connection request of alloy and stainless steel is very strict.
Soldering connection is applied relatively extensively in terms of dissimilar metal connection, and is directed to the connection of hard alloy-stainless joint
The problems faced: it firstly, the physical properties such as the linear expansion coefficient of dissimilar metal, elasticity modulus difference is huge, directly carries out
The problems such as being brazed and be bound to cause the excessive problem of residual stress, and then causing crack initiation or weld cracking；Secondly, the group of the two
It differs greatly at element, selects solder improper, will affect the wetting to base material and metallurgical reaction, and then form incomplete fusion, stomata
The defects of；Again, because of situations such as working long hours or cooling down deficiency, inevitably structure is overheated, leads to brazing filler metal melts or knot
Structure fracture.Above situation seriously threatens economic benefit and generates safety, therefore need to develop a kind of guarantee hard alloy and stainless steel
It is reliably connected, and the welding method with certain heat resistance.
For the excessive problem of residual stress, using the linear expansion coefficient soft middle layer between the two between dissimilar metal
Assistant brazing is a kind of usage of more universal alleviation residual stress.The method is expanded using the moderate line of soft middle layer
Coefficient forms transition, reduces the physical property difference of base material, and the feature preferable by its plasticity, further discharges remnants and answers
Power；Also there is a small amount of middle layer element to be dissolved in solder in welding process, improve solder performance, soft middle layer is made to be more suitable for welding
The biggish base material of wiring expansion coefficient difference；And the presence of middle layer also can control the dispersal behavior of element, can avoid base material
Excessive harmful brittle product is formed between element.Reinforcement particle assistant brazing is added into solder, and one kind is more
The method of universal reinforcing joint.The method neutralizes the coefficient of expansion of solder using the low linear expansion coefficient of reinforcement particle,
Make it more suitable for welding the biggish base material of difference of linear expansion；Meanwhile refined crystalline strengthening, the dispersion-strengtherning etc. of reinforcement particle
Effect can make strength of joint, toughness have a distinct increment, and guarantee welding quality；Furthermore the combination of reinforcement particle and matrix is anti-
Should certainly will consume a certain amount of solder element, suitable reinforcement particle can control formation and the interface behavior of phase, avoid by
In excessive intermetallic compound formation and influence welding quality.
Although both the above has many advantages, such as and method is mature, for certain hard alloy such as linear expansion coefficient be 6 ×
10-6Mm/ DEG C of hard alloy and certain stainless steels such as linear expansion coefficient are 16 × 10-6Mm/ DEG C of stainless steel carries out soldering soldering
When, since the two difference of linear expansion is excessive, the single use of both the above method can not play one's part to the full.And with
Upper two methods mostly use copper base solder or copper-based middle layer, both methods not to can guarantee heat resistance and high temperature demands.
Summary of the invention
In soldering connection technology of the present invention in order to solve existing hard alloy and stainless steel, welding point was being welded
A large amount of welding defects and the larger problem of welding point residual stress are formed in journey, and it is stainless to propose a kind of functionally gradient material (FGM) method soldering
The method of steel and hard alloy；
A kind of method of the soldering of functionally gradient material (FGM) method stainless steel and hard alloy, specifically sequentially includes the following steps:
One, the reinforcement particle that 10~30wt% is added into solder powder obtains the composite soldering powder of high reinforcement content
End, the reinforcement particle that 1~10wt% is added into solder powder obtain the composite soldering powder of low reinforcement content；
The solder powder is Ni-Cr-B-Si alloy powder, Ni-Cr-B-Si-Mo alloy powder or Ni-Cr-B-Si-
Mo-Cu alloy powder；The reinforcement particle is SiC particulate, WC particle or Cr3C2Particle；
Two, the composite soldering powder of the composite soldering powder of high reinforcement content and low reinforcement content is respectively put into not
It becomes rusty in steel agitator tank, 1~3h is stirred under the conditions of revolving speed is 250~300rpm；
Three, the compound pricker of the composite soldering powder for the high reinforcement content for respectively obtaining step 2 and low reinforcement content
Feed powder end is fitted into mortar, and the liquid adhesive of 1~10wt% is added into mortar respectively, is then stirred 1~20min and is obtained
Then mixture in mortar is poured on smooth rubber sheet gasket by mixture respectively, rear natural drying is struck off, to rubber sheet gasket
On mixture molding after obtain solder, obtained solder is rolled into a thickness of 50~400 μm using mono-roller type roll mill
Paillon, the paillon with a thickness of 50~400 μm is cut into regular bulk, is finally putting into drying box, is heated to 500~700
DEG C and keep the temperature 1~10h, obtain the composite soldering paillon of high reinforcement content and the composite soldering foil of low reinforcement content after cooling
Piece；The liquid adhesive is the mixture of nitrocellulose and octyl acetate, and the content of nitrocellulose is 0.1mol/ in mixture
L；It is described to be finally putting into drying box, with 5 DEG C/min~20 DEG C/min rate of heat addition be heated to 500~700 DEG C and keep the temperature 1~
10h obtains the composite soldering paillon of high reinforcement content or the composite soldering paillon of low reinforcement content after cooling；
Four, the composite soldering foil for the high reinforcement content for obtaining stainless steel, hard alloy, metallic intermediate layer, step 3
The composite soldering paillon for the low reinforcement content that piece and step 3 obtain is respectively successively with 200 mesh, 400 mesh, 600 mesh and 800 mesh
Sand paper polishing is two-sided, then pre-processes 10min~20min with acetone ultrasound respectively, obtains the stainless steel, hard of removal surface impurity
Matter alloy, metallic intermediate layer, the composite soldering paillon of high reinforcement content and low reinforcement content composite soldering paillon；Then
The hard alloy of surface impurity, the composite soldering paillon of high reinforcement content, metallic intermediate layer, low enhancing will from top to bottom be removed
The composite soldering paillon and stainless steel of body content stack, and obtain part to be welded；
The stainless steel be 1Cr18Ni9 stainless steel, 0Cr19Ni9 stainless steel, 1Cr13 stainless steel, 3Cr13 stainless steel or
Crl7 stainless steel；The hard alloy is YG6 alloy, YG6C alloy, YG8 alloy, YG15 alloy or YG20C alloy；In described
Interbed metal is pure Fe paillon or pure Ni paillon；
Five, the part to be welded for obtaining step 4 is placed between graphite fixture, is pressed from both sides part to be welded and graphite and is in close contact, then
Graphite fixture and part to be welded are placed in vacuum brazing furnace, it is 1 × 10 in pressure-4~5 × 10-3Pa and temperature be 900~
5~40min is kept the temperature under conditions of 1300 DEG C, is then cooled to room temperature, that is, completed with the cooling rate of 2~10 DEG C/min；It is described
Metallic intermediate layer with a thickness of 50 μm~200 μm.
The method of functionally gradient material (FGM) method soldering stainless steel and hard alloy of the present invention receives principle are as follows: during the method for the present invention utilizes
The low linear expansion coefficient of interbed metal and the low linear expansion coefficient of reinforcement particle adjust the coefficient of expansion of solder system, are formed
Linear expansion coefficient at change of gradient solder system, with solve due to the difference of linear expansion coefficient caused by residual stress it is excessive
Problem further eliminates welding defect, guarantees welding quality；The addition of reinforcement can control joint microstructure, reinforcing joint mechanics
Performance；And it ensure that the reliability of connector hot operation using the heat-resisting quantity of nickel-based solder.
The present invention have it is following the utility model has the advantages that
1, the present invention carries out assistant brazing to hard alloy and stainless steel using the method for functionally gradient material (FGM), passes through functionally gradient material (FGM)
Method greatly alleviates the influence of the come band of difference of linear expansion, weakens residual stress, eliminates welding defect, and sufficiently sends out
The effect of middle layer and reinforcement is waved, guarantees welding quality；First using Fe, Ni pure metal paillon as middle layer, hard is closed
Golden side uses the Ni sill of high reinforcement content, and stainless steel side uses the Ni sill of the same race of low reinforcement content, is formed whole
The solder system of body linear expansion coefficient change of gradient, available mechanical property is more preferable, and soldered fitting resistant to high temperature；
2, the selection of Fe, Ni middle layer of the present invention meets that low linear expansion coefficient, plasticity are good etc. to be required, and can alleviate well
Residual stress；And its element is identical as base material or solder, not only guarantees joint quality, more guarantee connector corrosion resistance and strong
Degree, will not generate extra harmful phase；The presence of middle layer simultaneously can be prevented with the reinforcement content of stabilizing material everywhere because expanding
It dissipates, gradient effect caused by reinforcement movement disappears；
3, the physical properties such as linear expansion coefficient of the adjustable solder of the addition of reinforcement of the present invention, and further control chemical combination
Joint mechanical property can be improved in the generation of object, invigoration effect；Especially in hard alloy side, the solder of high reinforcement content is similar
In hard alloy, so that hard alloy and solder interface is not generated performance mutation, form weakness zone, will not also generate because of routine
Situations such as solder spreads with hard alloy, reacts the threshing generated, is loose；
4, the present invention chooses nickel-based solder, is can satisfy first in the dissolution of base material, Interlayer Alloy, can be formed to be dissolved
Interfacial structure based on body, supplemented by compound, guarantees good joint performance, the similitude of contained element and base material can prevent because
The defects of spreading the base material performance transition generated, and incomplete fusion can be eliminated due to the good wettability of solder and base material, middle layer；
The outstanding high-temperature working performance of nickel-based solder can guarantee the heat resistant requirements of connector；And nickel-based solder and selected middle layer are arranged in pairs or groups,
Stainless composition of steel can be formed or with solder ingredient, both this ensure that reliable corrosion resistance, prevent due to the addition of middle layer
The connector corrosion fracture of generation；Furthermore it is Ni-based to have good wetability with selected reinforcement, reliable faying face be formed, it fills
The effect of reinforcement is waved in distribution；
5, present invention process process is simple, though principle is similar to functionally gradient material (FGM), and it is simpler than manufacture functionally gradient material (FGM) material
It is more, it is no different, and have both the effect that middle layer, reinforcement is added, works well with conventional brazing process, high-temperature behavior is excellent, nothing
Welding defect, soldering processes strong operability can be widely applied to high-volume industrial production；
6, the average room temperature shear strength for the stainless steel and Carbide Joint that the present invention obtains is 557~600MPa, is put down
Equal elevated temperature strength is 340~404MPa.
Detailed description of the invention:
Fig. 1 is the sample assembling schematic diagram that functionally gradient material (FGM) method of the present invention is brazed stainless steel and hard alloy；
Wherein, 1 is upper graphite fixture, and 2 be hard alloy, and 3 be the composite soldering paillon of high reinforcement content, and 4 be centre
Layer metal, 5 be the composite soldering paillon of low reinforcement content, and 6 be stainless steel, and 7 be lower graphite fixture.
Specific embodiment:
The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the following list, further includes between each specific embodiment
Any reasonable combination.
Specific embodiment 1: embodiment is described with reference to Fig. 1, a kind of functionally gradient material (FGM) method soldering of present embodiment is stainless
Method this method of steel and hard alloy specifically sequentially includes the following steps:
One, the reinforcement particle that 10~30wt% is added into solder powder obtains the composite soldering powder of high reinforcement content
End, the reinforcement particle that 1~10wt% is added into solder powder obtain the composite soldering powder of low reinforcement content；
Two, the composite soldering powder of the composite soldering powder of high reinforcement content and low reinforcement content is respectively put into not
It becomes rusty in steel agitator tank, 1~3h is stirred under the conditions of revolving speed is 250~300rpm；
Three, the compound pricker of the composite soldering powder for the high reinforcement content for respectively obtaining step 2 and low reinforcement content
Feed powder end is fitted into mortar, and the liquid adhesive of 1~10wt% is added into mortar respectively, is then stirred 1~20min and is obtained
Then mixture in mortar is poured on smooth rubber sheet gasket by mixture respectively, rear natural drying is struck off, to rubber sheet gasket
On mixture molding after obtain solder, obtained solder is rolled into a thickness of 50~400 μm using mono-roller type roll mill
Paillon, the paillon with a thickness of 50~400 μm is cut into regular bulk, is finally putting into drying box, is heated to 500~700
DEG C and keep the temperature 1~10h, obtain the composite soldering paillon of high reinforcement content and the composite soldering foil of low reinforcement content after cooling
Piece；
Four, the composite soldering foil for the high reinforcement content for obtaining stainless steel, hard alloy, metallic intermediate layer, step 3
The composite soldering paillon for the low reinforcement content that piece and step 3 obtain is respectively successively with 200 mesh, 400 mesh, 600 mesh and 800 mesh
Sand paper polishing is two-sided, then pre-processes 10min~20min with acetone ultrasound respectively, obtains the stainless steel, hard of removal surface impurity
Matter alloy, metallic intermediate layer, the composite soldering paillon of high reinforcement content and low reinforcement content composite soldering paillon；Then
The hard alloy of surface impurity, the composite soldering paillon of high reinforcement content, metallic intermediate layer, low enhancing will from top to bottom be removed
The composite soldering paillon and stainless steel of body content stack, and obtain part to be welded；
Five, the part to be welded for obtaining step 4 is placed between graphite fixture, is pressed from both sides part to be welded and graphite and is in close contact, then
Graphite fixture and part to be welded are placed in vacuum brazing furnace, it is 1 × 10 in pressure-4~5 × 10-3Pa and temperature be 900~
5~40min is kept the temperature under conditions of 1300 DEG C, is then cooled to room temperature, that is, completed with the cooling rate of 2~10 DEG C/min.
Present embodiment have it is following the utility model has the advantages that
1, present embodiment carries out assistant brazing to hard alloy and stainless steel using the method for functionally gradient material (FGM), passes through gradient
Material method greatly alleviates the influence of the come band of difference of linear expansion, weakens residual stress, eliminates welding defect, and fills
The effect of middle layer and reinforcement is waved in distribution, guarantees welding quality；First using Fe, Ni pure metal paillon as middle layer, firmly
Matter alloy side uses the Ni sill of high reinforcement content, and stainless steel side uses the Ni sill of the same race of low reinforcement content, shape
The solder system of integral linear expansion coefficient change of gradient, available mechanical property is more preferable, and soldered fitting resistant to high temperature；
2, the selection of present embodiment Fe, Ni middle layer meets that low linear expansion coefficient, plasticity are good etc. to be required, can be well
Alleviate residual stress；And its element is identical as base material or solder, not only guarantees joint quality, more guarantee connector corrosion resistance and
Intensity will not generate extra harmful phase；Simultaneously middle layer presence can with the reinforcement content of stabilizing material everywhere, prevent because
Gradient effect caused by diffusion, reinforcement movement disappears.
3, the physical properties such as linear expansion coefficient of the adjustable solder of the addition of present embodiment reinforcement, and further control
Joint mechanical property can be improved in the generation of compound, invigoration effect；Especially in hard alloy side, the solder of high reinforcement content
Similar to hard alloy, so that hard alloy and solder interface is not generated performance mutation, form weakness zone, will not also generate because
Situations such as conventional solder spreads with hard alloy, reacts the threshing generated, is loose.
4, present embodiment choose nickel-based solder, can satisfy first in the dissolution of base material, Interlayer Alloy, can be formed with
Interfacial structure based on solid solution, supplemented by compound, guarantees good joint performance, and the similitude of contained element and base material can prevent
Only because of the base material performance transition that diffusion generates, and since the good wettability of solder and base material, middle layer can eliminate incomplete fusion etc.
Defect；The outstanding high-temperature working performance of nickel-based solder can guarantee the heat resistant requirements of connector；And nickel-based solder and selected middle layer
Collocation, can form stainless composition of steel or with solder ingredient, both this ensure that reliable corrosion resistance, prevent adding because of middle layer
The connector corrosion fracture for entering and generating；Furthermore it is Ni-based to have good wetability with selected reinforcement, reliable combination be formed
Face gives full play to the effect of reinforcement；
5, present embodiment technical process is simple, though principle is similar to functionally gradient material (FGM), than manufacture functionally gradient material (FGM) material letter
Single is more, is no different with conventional brazing process, and has both the effect that middle layer, reinforcement is added, and works well, high-temperature behavior is excellent
Different, welding defect, soldering processes strong operability can be widely applied to high-volume industrial production.
6, the average room temperature shear strength of present embodiment obtains stainless steel and the hard alloy end be 557~
600MPa, average elevated temperature strength are 340~404MPa.
Specific embodiment 2: the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that: solder powder described in step 1
For Ni-Cr-B-Si alloy powder, Ni-Cr-B-Si-Mo alloy powder or Ni-Cr-B-Si-Mo-Cu alloy powder.Other steps
It is same as the specific embodiment one with parameter.
Specific embodiment 3: the present embodiment is different from the first and the second embodiment in that: enhance described in step 1
Body particle is SiC particulate, WC particle or Cr3C2Particle.Other steps and parameter are the same as one or two specific embodiments.
Specific embodiment 4: unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to three: described in step 3
Liquid adhesive is the mixture of nitrocellulose and octyl acetate.Other steps and one of parameter and specific embodiment one to three
It is identical.
Specific embodiment 5: present embodiment is unlike specific embodiment four: the bonding of liquid described in step 3
The content of nitrocellulose is 0.1mol/L in agent.Other steps and parameter are identical as specific embodiment four.
Specific embodiment 6: unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to five: described in step 3
It is finally putting into drying box, is heated to 500~700 DEG C with 5 DEG C/min~20 DEG C/min rate of heat addition and keeps the temperature 1~10h, it is cold
But the composite soldering paillon of high reinforcement content or the composite soldering paillon of low reinforcement content are obtained afterwards.Other steps and parameter
It is identical as one of specific embodiment one to five.
Specific embodiment 7: unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to six: described in step 4
Stainless steel is 1Cr18Ni9 stainless steel, 0Cr19Ni9 stainless steel, 1Cr13 stainless steel, 3Cr13 stainless steel or Crl7 stainless steel.Its
His step and parameter are identical as one of specific embodiment one to six.
Specific embodiment 8: unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to seven: described in step 4
Hard alloy is YG6 alloy, YG6C alloy, YG8 alloy, YG15 alloy or YG20C alloy.Other steps and parameter and specific reality
It is identical to apply one of mode one to seven.
Specific embodiment 9: unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to eight: described in step 4
Metallic intermediate layer is pure Fe paillon or pure Ni paillon.Other steps and parameter are identical as one of specific embodiment one to eight.
Specific embodiment 10: unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to nine: described in step 5
Metallic intermediate layer with a thickness of 50 μm~200 μm.Other steps and parameter are identical as one of specific embodiment one to nine.
Embodiment 1:
The method that the present embodiment functionally gradient material (FGM) method is brazed stainless steel and hard alloy, specifically sequentially includes the following steps:
One, the reinforcement particle that 14wt% is added into solder powder obtains the composite soldering powder of high reinforcement content,
The reinforcement particle that 4wt% is added into solder powder obtains the composite soldering powder of low reinforcement content；The solder powder
For Ni-Cr-B-Si alloy powder；The reinforcement particle is SiC particulate；
Two, the composite soldering powder of the composite soldering powder of high reinforcement content and low reinforcement content is respectively put into not
It becomes rusty in steel agitator tank, stirs 2h under the conditions of revolving speed is 300rpm；
Three, the compound pricker of the composite soldering powder for the high reinforcement content for respectively obtaining step 2 and low reinforcement content
Feed powder end is fitted into mortar, and the liquid adhesive of 5wt% is added into mortar respectively, is then stirred 10min and is obtained mixture,
Then the mixture in mortar is poured on smooth rubber sheet gasket respectively, strikes off rear natural drying, to mixed on rubber sheet gasket
It closes object molding and obtains solder later, obtained solder is rolled into the paillon with a thickness of 100 μm using mono-roller type roll mill, it will be thick
Degree is cut into regular bulk for 100 μm of paillon, is finally putting into drying box, is heated to 640 DEG C and keeps the temperature 4h, obtains after cooling
The composite soldering paillon of the composite soldering paillon of high reinforcement content or low reinforcement content；The liquid adhesive is that nitrification is fine
The mixture of dimension and octyl acetate, wherein the content of nitrocellulose is 0.1mol/L,；It is described to be finally putting into drying box, with 15
DEG C/rate of heat addition of min is heated to 640 DEG C and keeps the temperature 4h, obtained after cooling high reinforcement content composite soldering paillon and
The composite soldering paillon of low reinforcement content；
Four, the composite soldering foil for the high reinforcement content for obtaining stainless steel, hard alloy, metallic intermediate layer, step 3
The composite soldering paillon for the low reinforcement content that piece and step 3 obtain is respectively successively with 200 mesh, 400 mesh, 600 mesh and 800 mesh
Sand paper polishing is two-sided, then pre-processes 10min~20min with acetone ultrasound respectively, obtains the stainless steel, hard of removal surface impurity
Matter alloy, metallic intermediate layer, the composite soldering paillon of high reinforcement content and low reinforcement content composite soldering paillon；Then
The hard alloy of surface impurity, the composite soldering paillon of high reinforcement content, metallic intermediate layer, low enhancing will from top to bottom be removed
The composite soldering paillon and stainless steel of body content stack, and obtain part to be welded；
The stainless steel is 1Cr18Ni9 stainless steel；The hard alloy is YG6 alloy；The metallic intermediate layer is pure Ni
Paillon；
Five, the part to be welded for obtaining step 4 is placed between graphite fixture, is pressed from both sides part to be welded and graphite and is in close contact, then
Graphite fixture and part to be welded are placed in vacuum brazing furnace, it is 1 × 10 in pressure-4~5 × 10-3Pa and temperature are 1040 DEG C
Under the conditions of keep the temperature 20min, be then cooled to room temperature, that is, completed with the cooling rate of 5 DEG C/min；The thickness of the metallic intermediate layer
It is 80 μm.
The hard alloy and stainless joint intensity that the present embodiment obtains are good, and high-temperature behavior is good, does not have clearly visible
Crackle the defects of, average room temperature shear strength is 600MPa, and average elevated temperature strength is 404MPa.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method of the soldering of functionally gradient material (FGM) method stainless steel and hard alloy, it is characterised in that: this method specifically presses following step
It is rapid to carry out:
One, the reinforcement particle that 10~30wt% is added into solder powder obtains the composite soldering powder of high reinforcement content,
The reinforcement particle that 1~10wt% is added into solder powder obtains the composite soldering powder of low reinforcement content；
The solder powder is Ni-Cr-B-Si alloy powder, Ni-Cr-B-Si-Mo alloy powder or Ni-Cr-B-Si-Mo-Cu
Alloy powder；
The reinforcement particle is SiC particulate, WC particle or Cr3C2Particle；
Two, the composite soldering powder of the composite soldering powder of high reinforcement content and low reinforcement content is respectively put into stainless steel
In agitator tank, 1~3h is stirred under the conditions of revolving speed is 250~300rpm；
Three, the composite soldering powder of the composite soldering powder for the high reinforcement content for respectively obtaining step 2 and low reinforcement content
End is fitted into mortar, and the liquid adhesive of 1~10wt% is added into mortar respectively, is then stirred 1~20min and is mixed
Then mixture in mortar is poured on smooth rubber sheet gasket by object respectively, rear natural drying is struck off, on rubber sheet gasket
Solder is obtained after mixture molding, obtained solder is rolled into the foil with a thickness of 50~400 μm using mono-roller type roll mill
Paillon with a thickness of 50~400 μm is cut into regular bulk, is finally putting into drying box, is heated to 500~700 DEG C simultaneously by piece
1~10h is kept the temperature, obtains the composite soldering paillon of high reinforcement content and the composite soldering paillon of low reinforcement content after cooling；
Four, the composite soldering paillon for the high reinforcement content for obtaining stainless steel, hard alloy, metallic intermediate layer, step 3 and
The composite soldering paillon for the low reinforcement content that step 3 obtains is respectively successively with 200 mesh, 400 mesh, 600 mesh and 800 mesh sand paper
It polishes two-sided, then pre-processes 10min~20min with acetone ultrasound respectively, obtain the stainless steel of removal surface impurity, hard closes
Gold, metallic intermediate layer, the composite soldering paillon of high reinforcement content and low reinforcement content composite soldering paillon；Then by upper
The hard alloy for removing surface impurity, the composite soldering paillon of high reinforcement content, metallic intermediate layer, low reinforcement are contained to lower
The composite soldering paillon and stainless steel of amount stack, and obtain part to be welded；
The metallic intermediate layer is pure Fe paillon or pure Ni paillon；
Five, the part to be welded for obtaining step 4 is placed between graphite fixture, is pressed from both sides part to be welded and graphite and is in close contact, then by stone
Black fixture and part to be welded are placed in vacuum brazing furnace, are 1 × 10 in pressure-4~5 × 10-3Pa and temperature are 900~1300 DEG C
Under the conditions of keep the temperature 5~40min, be then cooled to room temperature, that is, completed with the cooling rate of 2~10 DEG C/min.
2. the method for the soldering of functionally gradient material (FGM) method stainless steel and hard alloy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step
Three liquid adhesives are the mixture of nitrocellulose and octyl acetate.
3. the method for the soldering of functionally gradient material (FGM) method stainless steel and hard alloy according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: step
The content of nitrocellulose is 0.1mol/L in three liquid adhesives.
4. the method for the soldering of functionally gradient material (FGM) method stainless steel and hard alloy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step
Be finally putting into drying box described in three, with 5 DEG C/min~20 DEG C/min rate of heat addition be heated to 500~700 DEG C and keep the temperature 1~
10h obtains the composite soldering paillon of high reinforcement content or the composite soldering paillon of low reinforcement content after cooling.
5. the method for the soldering of functionally gradient material (FGM) method stainless steel and hard alloy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step
Four stainless steels be 1Cr18Ni9 stainless steel, 0Cr19Ni9 stainless steel, 1Cr13 stainless steel, 3Cr13 stainless steel or Cr17 not
Become rusty steel.
6. the method for the soldering of functionally gradient material (FGM) method stainless steel and hard alloy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step
Four hard alloy are YG6 alloy, YG6C alloy, YG8 alloy, YG15 alloy or YG20C alloy.
7. the method for the soldering of functionally gradient material (FGM) method stainless steel and hard alloy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step
Five metallic intermediate layers with a thickness of 50 μm~200 μm.
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| CN110315239B (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2022-02-15 | 浙江亚通焊材有限公司 | Nickel alloy slurry and ultrathin strip-shaped nickel-based brazing filler metal prepared from same |
| CN110303226B (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2021-03-12 | 河南省煤科院耐磨技术有限公司 | Method for inlaying hard alloy block |
| CN110549032B (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2021-06-29 | 河南机电职业学院 | Copper-based brazing filler metal with gradient thermal expansion coefficient and preparation method thereof |
| CN113492255A (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2021-10-12 | 昆山微电子技术研究院 | Sample welding method |
| CN113020735B (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2022-06-21 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Preparation method of silicon nitride ceramic/stainless steel braze welding joint with corrosion resistance and stress relief |
| CN116944681B (en) * | 2023-09-19 | 2023-11-21 | 迪森(常州)能源装备有限公司 | Automatic pressure-resistant welding device and method for circumferential seams of pressure containers |
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