CN116944681B - Automatic pressure-resistant welding device and method for circumferential seams of pressure containers - Google Patents
Automatic pressure-resistant welding device and method for circumferential seams of pressure containers Download PDFInfo
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- CN116944681B CN116944681B CN202311207317.8A CN202311207317A CN116944681B CN 116944681 B CN116944681 B CN 116944681B CN 202311207317 A CN202311207317 A CN 202311207317A CN 116944681 B CN116944681 B CN 116944681B
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 145
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 77
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
- B23K26/24—Seam welding
- B23K26/28—Seam welding of curved planar seams
- B23K26/282—Seam welding of curved planar seams of tube sections
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
- B23K2101/12—Vessels
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of girth welding, and particularly relates to an automatic pressure-resistant welding device and method for girth of a pressure container, wherein the device comprises a feeding mechanism, a stock mechanism, a transfer mechanism and a welding mechanism, and is used for pressure-resistant welding of girth of a combined thin-wall reducing joint pipe in the pressure container, and the combined thin-wall reducing joint pipe comprises three layers of thin-wall reducing joint pipes; the feeding mechanism is provided with four stations; the transfer mechanism is used for transferring the thin-wall reducing joint pipe to the welding mechanism and blanking the assembled semi-finished product; the welding mechanism is used for pressure-resistant welding of annular seams among the three thin-wall reducing joint pipes. The invention has higher degree of automation, and can realize the automatic feeding of the lower layer, the middle layer and the upper layer of thin-wall reducing joint pipes and the automatic discharging of the assembled combined thin-wall reducing joint pipes; the automatic pressure-resistant welding of circular seams with different diameters can be realized, and the internal support can be provided in the welding process, so that adverse phenomena such as deformation and the like are effectively avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of girth welding, and particularly relates to an automatic pressure-resistant welding device and method for girth of a pressure container.
Background
A pressure vessel is a closed vessel capable of withstanding pressure. The pressure vessel has extremely wide application, and has important roles and functions in various departments such as industrial civilian use, military industry and the like and various fields of scientific research. Among them, the pressure vessels used in the petrochemical industry and the chemical industry are the most, and the pressure vessels used in the petrochemical industry only account for about 50% of the total pressure vessels. The pressure vessel is mainly used for heat transfer, mass transfer, reaction and other technological processes, and stores and transports gas or liquefied gas with pressure in the fields of chemical industry and petrochemical industry.
The laser welding is a welding method which uses focused laser beam as energy to bombard heat generated by a weldment, the laser welding belongs to special welding, the pressure welding comprises resistance welding and ultrasonic welding, and the laser welding is welding by using the heat and pressure of laser and is pressure welding.
The present department designs a large-caliber thin-wall reducing multisection tubular pressure vessel, which mainly comprises a combined thin-wall reducing joint pipe and envelopes positioned at two ends of the combined thin-wall reducing joint pipe, wherein the structure of the combined thin-wall reducing joint pipe is shown in fig. 2 to 4, and the combined thin-wall reducing joint pipe is formed by welding three thin-wall reducing joint pipes.
In the assembly process of the combined thin-wall reducing joint pipe, a girth welding device is required to be used for welding girth. However, the traditional girth welding device has the defects when in use, firstly, the welding diameter is fixed, the real-time adjustment can not be carried out according to the requirements, and the girth welding requirements of the combined thin-wall reducing joint pipe can not be met; secondly, the inner side of the circular seam region cannot be effectively supported in the pressure-resistant welding process, and the circular seam is easy to deform, so that the welding effect is affected; and thirdly, the automatic feeding and discharging can not be realized, the degree of automation is low, and the industrial batch production is not facilitated. Therefore, there is a need for an improved and optimized structure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome at least one of the problems in the prior art and provide an automatic pressure-resistant welding device and method for circumferential seams of pressure vessels.
In order to achieve the technical purpose and the technical effect, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides an automatic pressure-resistant welding device for a circumferential seam of a pressure container, which is used for pressure-resistant welding of the circumferential seam of a combined thin-wall reducing joint pipe in the pressure container, wherein the combined thin-wall reducing joint pipe comprises three layers of thin-wall reducing joint pipes, each layer of thin-wall reducing joint pipe consists of a truncated cone-shaped joint pipe body, an upper annular end plate and a lower annular end plate, and the device comprises a feeding mechanism, a material storage mechanism, a transfer mechanism and a welding mechanism;
the feeding mechanism is provided with four stations, wherein the four stations are a material taking station, a lower thin-wall reducing joint pipe placing station, a middle thin-wall reducing joint pipe placing station and an upper thin-wall reducing joint pipe placing station respectively, and the feeding mechanism can sequentially transfer the thin-wall reducing joint pipes placed in the lower thin-wall reducing joint pipe placing station, the middle thin-wall reducing joint pipe placing station and the upper thin-wall reducing joint pipe placing station to the material taking station;
the three storage mechanisms are respectively arranged right above the lower layer thin-wall reducing joint pipe placing station, the middle layer thin-wall reducing joint pipe placing station and the upper layer thin-wall reducing joint pipe placing station;
the transfer mechanism is used for transferring the thin-wall variable-diameter joint pipe at the material taking station to the welding mechanism and transferring the assembled combined thin-wall variable-diameter joint pipe from the welding mechanism to the blanking area;
the welding mechanism is used for pressure-resistant welding of the annular seams among the transferred three thin-wall reducing joint pipes.
Further, in the automatic pressure-resistant welding device for the circumferential seam of the pressure vessel, an upper annular end plate connected with the circular truncated cone-shaped joint pipe body is arranged at the inner edge of the narrow opening of the circular truncated cone-shaped joint pipe body, and a lower annular end plate connected with the circular truncated cone-shaped joint pipe body is arranged at the inner edge of the wide opening of the circular truncated cone-shaped joint pipe body; the axial heights of the three layers of the thin-wall reducing joint pipes are equal, the lower annular end plate of the thin-wall reducing joint pipe on the upper layer is in butt joint with the upper annular end plate of the thin-wall reducing joint pipe on the lower layer, and the periphery of the butt joint is formed into a circular seam to be welded.
Further, in the automatic pressure-resistant welding device for the circumferential seam of the pressure container, the feeding mechanism comprises a first base plate, a first positioning block, a first vertical shaft, a tray, a first servo motor and a first anti-slip driving belt assembly, the upper end of the first base plate is fixed with the first positioning block and the first servo motor, the bottom end of the first vertical shaft is rotationally limited in the first positioning block, the top end of the first vertical shaft is supported with the tray, and an output shaft of the first servo motor is in transmission connection with the first vertical shaft through the first anti-slip driving belt assembly.
Further, in the automatic pressure-resistant welding device for the circumferential seam of the pressure container, four groups of annular positioning grooves are uniformly formed in the upper side of the tray along the circumferential direction, each group of annular positioning grooves comprises three concentric annular positioning grooves, and the three concentric annular positioning grooves are respectively matched with the lower annular end plates of the three-layer thin-wall reducing joint pipes in the combined thin-wall reducing joint pipe.
Further, in the automatic pressure-resistant welding device for the circumferential seam of the pressure container, the material storage mechanism comprises a cylindrical material storage barrel, a vertical material storage cavity matched with the maximum outer diameter of the thin-wall reducing joint pipe is formed in the cylindrical material storage barrel, a group of first material blocking push rods and a group of second material blocking push rods are arranged at the bottom of the cylindrical material storage barrel, the second material blocking push rods are located above the first material blocking push rods, and the distance value between the first material blocking push rods and the second material blocking push rods is equal to the distance value of two adjacent layers of lower annular end plates stacked behind the vertical material storage cavity by stacking the thin-wall reducing joint pipe; the clearance discharging operation of the material storage mechanism is realized by controlling the extending length of the movable rod in the first material blocking push rod and the second material blocking push rod.
Further, in the automatic pressure-resistant welding device for the circumferential seam of the pressure container, the transfer mechanism comprises a second base plate, a first vertical push rod, a slip ring, a second vertical shaft, a rotating sleeve, a rotating support frame, a second servo motor, a second anti-slip transmission belt assembly, a horizontal rotating plate, a second vertical push rod and a clamping assembly, wherein the first vertical push rod, the rotating support frame and the second servo motor are installed on the second base plate, a sliding groove which is convenient for accommodating the slip ring and the second vertical shaft is formed in a cylinder body of the first vertical push rod, the outer end of a movable rod of the first vertical push rod is connected with the top end of the second vertical shaft through the slip ring, the bottom end of the second vertical shaft is provided with the horizontal rotating plate, the rotating sleeve which is used for driving the second vertical shaft to rotate is limited in the rotating support frame, an output shaft of the second servo motor is in transmission connection with the rotating sleeve through the second anti-slip transmission belt assembly, the second vertical push rod which can be transferred to the position through rotation is installed at the lower side of two ends of the horizontal rotating plate, and the clamping assembly for changing the diameter of a thin-wall tube is installed at the movable end of the second vertical push rod.
Further, in the automatic pressure-resistant welding device for the circumferential seam of the pressure container, the clamping assembly comprises a frame plate, a guide plate, an annular pressing plate, a driving rotating rod and a movable pressing plate, wherein the lower side of the frame plate is connected with the annular pressing plate through the guide plate, the driving rotating rod is supported on the upper side of the guide plate through an ear plate, a built-in motor is mounted on the inner side of the frame plate, an output shaft of the built-in motor is in transmission connection with the middle part of the driving rotating rod through a bevel steering gear set, the driving rotating rod is provided with two screw rod sections with opposite rotation directions, the movable pressing plate is an L-shaped pressing plate formed by a vertical plate part and a transverse plate part, a screw rod groove matched with the corresponding screw rod section is formed in the vertical plate part of the movable pressing plate, and a clamping area matched with the annular thickness in the thin-wall reducing joint pipe is formed between the transverse plate part of the movable pressing plate and the annular pressing plate.
Further, in the automatic pressure-resistant welding device for the circumferential seam of the pressure container, the welding mechanism comprises a third base plate, a second positioning block, a third vertical shaft, a material supporting plate, a first transverse push rod, a tilting assembly, a negative pressure sucker, a negative pressure generator, a third servo motor, a third anti-slip driving belt assembly, a second transverse push rod, a first laser welding head, a third transverse push rod and a second laser welding head, wherein the third base plate is an L-shaped base plate formed by a horizontal plate part and a vertical plate part, the upper end of the horizontal plate part of the third base plate is fixed with the second positioning block and the third servo motor, the bottom end of the third vertical shaft is rotationally limited in the second positioning block, the material supporting plate is fixed on the lower part of the third vertical shaft, and an output shaft of the third servo motor is in transmission connection with the third vertical shaft through the third anti-slip driving belt assembly; the outer side of the third vertical shaft is provided with four circles of inner supporting assemblies from bottom to top, each inner supporting assembly comprises a first transverse push rod, an inclination adjusting assembly and a negative pressure sucker, the movable end of the first transverse push rod is supported with the negative pressure sucker with an adjustable inclination angle through the inclination adjusting assembly, the outer end of the negative pressure sucker is provided with a suction port, the suction port is connected with a negative pressure generator through a negative pressure suction pipe, and the negative pressure generator is fixed in the central area of the upper end of the material supporting plate; the vertical plate part of the third base plate is provided with a second transverse push rod and a third transverse push rod positioned above the second transverse push rod, the movable end of the second transverse push rod is provided with a first laser welding head for welding the annular seam between the lower thin-wall reducing joint pipe and the middle thin-wall reducing joint pipe, and the movable end of the third transverse push rod is provided with a second laser welding head for welding the annular seam between the middle thin-wall reducing joint pipe and the upper thin-wall reducing joint pipe.
Further, in the automatic pressure-resistant welding device for the circumferential seam of the pressure vessel, the inclination adjusting assembly comprises a support plate, a fourth transverse push rod, a first connecting plate, a slide rod, a sliding sleeve and a second connecting plate, wherein the support plate is fixed on the movable end of the first transverse push rod, the fourth transverse push rod and the slide rod above the support plate are arranged on the outer side of the support plate, the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate above the first connecting plate are fixed on the inner side of the negative pressure sucker, the movable end of the fourth transverse push rod is rotationally connected with the first connecting plate, one end of the sliding sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the slide rod, and the other end of the sliding sleeve is rotationally connected with the second connecting plate.
The invention also provides an automatic pressure-resistant welding method for the circumferential seam of the pressure container, which is realized based on the automatic pressure-resistant welding device for the circumferential seam of the pressure container and comprises the following steps:
1) The three stock mechanisms are used for discharging, so that the lower thin-wall reducing joint pipe is positioned at a lower thin-wall reducing joint pipe placing station, the middle thin-wall reducing joint pipe is positioned at a middle thin-wall reducing joint pipe placing station, and the upper thin-wall reducing joint pipe is positioned at an upper thin-wall reducing joint pipe placing station;
2) A material supporting disc in the feeding mechanism rotates to enable the lower layer thin-wall reducing joint pipe, the middle layer thin-wall reducing joint pipe and the upper layer thin-wall reducing joint pipe to sequentially rotate to a material taking station;
3) The transfer mechanism sequentially transfers the lower layer thin-wall reducing joint pipe, the middle layer thin-wall reducing joint pipe and the upper layer thin-wall reducing joint pipe to the welding mechanism, and the welding mechanism simultaneously performs pressure-resistant welding treatment on the two formed circular seams to synchronously realize welding; or the transfer mechanism transfers the lower thin-wall reducing joint pipe and the middle thin-wall reducing joint pipe to the welding mechanism, and the welding mechanism performs pressure-resistant welding treatment on the circumferential seam between the lower thin-wall reducing joint pipe and the middle thin-wall reducing joint pipe; and the transfer mechanism transfers the upper thin-wall reducing joint pipe to the welding mechanism, and the welding mechanism performs pressure-resistant welding treatment on the newly formed circular seam, so that welding is realized in a distributed manner.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention has higher degree of automation, and can realize the automatic feeding of the lower layer thin-wall reducing joint pipe, the middle layer thin-wall reducing joint pipe and the upper layer thin-wall reducing joint pipe and the automatic discharging of the assembled combined thin-wall reducing joint pipe; on the other hand, the automatic pressure-resistant welding of the annular joints with different diameters in the combined thin-wall reducing joint pipe can be realized, and the inner support can be provided in the welding process, so that the adverse phenomena of deformation and the like in the annular joint area in the welding process can be effectively avoided.
Of course, it is not necessary for any one product to practice the invention to achieve all of the advantages set forth above at the same time.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an automated pressure welding apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a combined thin-wall reducing joint pipe according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a semi-sectional structure of a combined thin-walled reducing joint pipe according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional front view of a thin-walled reducing joint according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a feeding mechanism in the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic top view of a tray according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the use state of the stock mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged schematic view of a part of the material storing mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the use state of the transfer mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is an enlarged schematic view of a partial structure of an upper portion of the transfer mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is an enlarged schematic view of a partial structure of the lower part of the transfer mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the location of the clamping area according to the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a welding mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the structure of the inner support assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a first use state of the welding mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a schematic view of a second use state of the welding mechanism of the present invention;
in the drawings, the list of components represented by the various numbers is as follows:
the feeding device comprises a feeding mechanism, a first substrate, a first positioning block, a first vertical shaft, a tray, a first servo motor, a first antiskid transmission belt assembly and an annular positioning groove, wherein the feeding mechanism is arranged on the first substrate, the first positioning block is arranged on the first substrate, the first vertical shaft is arranged on the first positioning block, the tray is arranged on the first vertical shaft, the first servo motor is arranged on the first tray, the first antiskid transmission belt assembly is arranged on the first servo motor, and the annular positioning groove is arranged on the first antiskid transmission belt assembly;
2-material storage mechanism, 201-cylindrical material storage barrel, 202-vertical material storage cavity, 203-first material blocking push rod, 204-second material blocking push rod;
3-transferring mechanism, 301-second base plate, 302-first vertical push rod, 303-slip ring, 304-second vertical shaft, 305-rotating sleeve, 306-rotating support frame, 307-second servo motor, 308-second anti-slip driving belt component, 309-horizontal rotating plate, 310-second vertical push rod, 311-frame plate, 312-guide plate, 313-annular pressing plate, 314-driving rotating rod, 315-movable pressing plate and 316-clamping area;
4-welding mechanism, 401-third base plate, 402-second positioning block, 403-third vertical shaft, 404-material supporting plate, 405-first transverse pushing rod, 406-inclination adjusting component, 406 a-supporting plate, 406 b-fourth transverse pushing rod, 406 c-first connecting plate, 406 d-sliding rod, 406 e-sliding sleeve, 406 f-second connecting plate, 407-negative pressure sucker, 408-negative pressure generator, 409-third servo motor, 410-third anti-skid driving belt component, 411-second transverse pushing rod, 412-first laser welding head, 413-third transverse pushing rod, 414-second laser welding head, 415-suction port;
5-thin wall reducing joint pipe, 501-round table type joint pipe body, 502-upper annular end plate and 503-lower annular end plate.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The embodiment provides an automatic pressure-resistant welding device for a circumferential seam of a pressure container, which is used for pressure-resistant welding of the circumferential seam of a combined thin-wall reducing joint pipe in the pressure container, and comprises a feeding mechanism 1, a storage mechanism 2, a transfer mechanism 3 and a welding mechanism 4 as shown in fig. 1.
As shown in fig. 2-4, the combined thin-wall reducing joint pipe comprises three layers of thin-wall reducing joint pipes 5, each layer of thin-wall reducing joint pipe 5 is composed of a truncated cone-shaped joint pipe body 501, an upper annular end plate 502 and a lower annular end plate 503, the upper annular end plate 502 connected with the truncated cone-shaped joint pipe body 501 is arranged at the inner edge of a narrow opening of the truncated cone-shaped joint pipe body 501, and the lower annular end plate 503 connected with the truncated cone-shaped joint pipe body 501 is arranged at the inner edge of a wide opening of the truncated cone-shaped joint pipe body. The axial heights of the three layers of thin-wall reducing joint pipes 5 are equal, the lower annular end plate 503 of the upper layer of thin-wall reducing joint pipe 5 is mutually butted with the upper annular end plate 502 of the lower layer of thin-wall reducing joint pipe 5, and the periphery of the butted upper annular end plate and the butted upper annular end plate 502 form a circumferential seam to be welded.
As shown in fig. 5 to 6, the feeding mechanism 1 is provided with four stations, wherein the four stations are a material taking station, a lower layer thin-wall reducing joint pipe placing station, a middle layer thin-wall reducing joint pipe placing station and an upper layer thin-wall reducing joint pipe placing station respectively. The feeding mechanism 1 can sequentially transfer the thin-wall reducing joint pipes 5 placed in the lower layer thin-wall reducing joint pipe placing station, the middle layer thin-wall reducing joint pipe placing station and the upper layer thin-wall reducing joint pipe placing station to the material taking station. The feeding mechanism 1 comprises a first base plate 101, a first positioning block 102, a first vertical shaft 103, a tray 104, a first servo motor 105 and a first anti-slip transmission belt assembly 106, wherein the first positioning block 102 and the first servo motor 105 are fixed at the upper end of the first base plate 101. The bottom end of the first vertical shaft 103 is rotationally limited in the first positioning block 102, and the top end of the first vertical shaft 103 supports a tray 104. The output shaft of the first servo motor 105 is in transmission connection with the first vertical shaft 103 through a first anti-slip driving belt assembly 106, and the first anti-slip driving belt assembly 106 comprises a first sprocket, a second sprocket and a first chain belt sleeved outside the first sprocket and the second sprocket. Four groups of annular positioning grooves 107 are uniformly formed in the upper side of the tray 104 along the circumferential direction inwards, each group comprises three concentric annular positioning grooves 107, and the three concentric annular positioning grooves 107 are respectively matched with the lower annular end plates 503 of the three-layer thin-wall reducing joint pipes 5 in the combined thin-wall reducing joint pipe.
As shown in fig. 7 to 8, the three stock mechanisms 2 are respectively arranged right above the lower thin-wall reducing joint pipe placing station, the middle thin-wall reducing joint pipe placing station and the upper thin-wall reducing joint pipe placing station. The stock mechanism 2 comprises a cylindrical stock barrel 201, a vertical stock cavity 202 corresponding to the largest outer diameter of the thin-wall reducing joint pipe 5 is formed in the cylindrical stock barrel 201, a group of first material blocking push rods 203 and a group of second material blocking push rods 204 are arranged at the bottom of the cylindrical stock barrel 201, the second material blocking push rods 204 are located above the first material blocking push rods 203, and the gauge value between the two is equal to the gauge value of the adjacent two layers of lower annular end plates 503 after stacking and stacking the thin-wall reducing joint pipe 5 in the vertical stock cavity. The clearance discharging operation of the material storage mechanism is realized by controlling the extending length of the movable rod in the first material blocking push rod 203 and the second material blocking push rod 204, specifically: the movable rod of the first material blocking push rod 203 is contracted, the movable rod of the second material blocking push rod 204 extends out, and the lowest thin-wall reducing joint pipe 5 slides down under the action of gravity; then, the movable rod of the first material blocking push rod 203 extends, the movable rod of the second material blocking push rod 204 contracts for a period of time and then extends, and the preparation work of the second material discharging is completed, and the intermittent material discharging operation can be realized by repeating the steps.
As shown in fig. 9-10, the transfer mechanism 3 is used to transfer the thin-walled reducing joint pipe 5 at the material taking station to the welding mechanism 4 and to transfer the assembled combined thin-walled reducing joint pipe from the welding mechanism 4 to the blanking area. The transfer mechanism 3 includes a second base plate 301, a first vertical push rod 302, a slip ring 303, a second vertical shaft 304, a rotating sleeve 305, a rotating support 306, a second servo motor 307, a second anti-slip belt assembly 308, a horizontal rotating plate 309, a second vertical push rod 310, and a clamping assembly. The second base plate 301 is provided with a first vertical push rod 302, a rotary supporting frame 306 and a second servo motor 307, and a cylinder body of the first vertical push rod 302 is provided with a sliding groove which is convenient for accommodating the sliding ring 303 and the second vertical shaft 304. The outer end of the movable rod of the first vertical push rod 302 is connected with the top end of a second vertical shaft 304 through a slip ring 303, and a horizontal rotating plate 309 is installed at the bottom end of the second vertical shaft 304. The rotary supporting frame 306 is limited with a rotary sleeve 305 for driving the second vertical shaft 304 to rotate, and an output shaft of the second servo motor 307 is in transmission connection with the rotary sleeve 305 through a second anti-slip transmission belt assembly 308. The outer side of the second vertical shaft 304 is provided with a key groove along the length direction, and the inner hole wall of the rotating sleeve 305 is provided with a convex key matched with the key groove. The second anti-slip belt assembly 308 comprises a third sprocket, a gear ring and a second chain belt, the third sprocket is mounted on the output shaft of the second servo motor 307, the gear ring is arranged on the outer side of the rotary sleeve 305, and the second chain belt is sleeved on the outer sides of the third sprocket and the gear ring. The lower sides of the two ends of the horizontal rotating plate 309 are provided with a second vertical push rod 310 which can be transferred to the position right above the material taking station through rotation, and the movable end of the second vertical push rod 310 is provided with a clamping assembly for clamping the thin-wall reducing joint pipe 5.
The working principle of the transfer mechanism 3: the second servo motor 307 drives the rotating sleeve 305 to rotate by utilizing the second anti-slip driving belt assembly 308, and the rotating sleeve 305 drives the second vertical shaft 304 and the lower horizontal rotating plate 309 to rotate accordingly, so that the positions of the two clamping assemblies are switched. The adjustment of the height position of the collet assembly is accomplished by the cooperation of the first vertical pushrod 302 and the second vertical pushrod 310. The vertical displacement action of the second vertical shaft 304 and the rotation action thereof do not interfere with each other due to the design of the slip ring.
As shown in fig. 11-12, the clamping assembly comprises a frame plate 311, a guide plate 312, an annular pressing plate 313, a driving rotating rod 314 and a movable pressing plate 315, wherein the lower side of the frame plate 311 is connected with the annular pressing plate 313 through the guide plate 312, the driving rotating rod 314 is supported on the upper side of the guide plate 312 through an ear plate, a built-in motor is mounted on the inner side of the frame plate 311, an output shaft of the built-in motor is in transmission connection with the middle part of the driving rotating rod 314 through an umbrella-shaped steering gear set, and a dust cover is sleeved on the outer sides of the built-in motor and the umbrella-shaped steering gear set together. The driving rotary rod 314 is provided with two screw rod sections with opposite rotation directions, the movable pressing plate 315 is an L-shaped pressing plate formed by a vertical plate part and a transverse plate part, a screw rod groove matched with the corresponding screw rod section is formed in the vertical plate part of the movable pressing plate 315, a guide groove matched with the vertical plate part of the movable pressing plate 315 is formed in the guide plate 312, and the length direction of the guide groove is consistent with the axis direction of the driving screw rod. A clamping area 316 which is matched with the thickness of the upper annular end plate 502 in the thin-wall reducing joint pipe 5 is formed between the transverse plate part of the movable pressing plate 315 and the annular pressing plate 313.
Working principle of the clamping assembly: when the thin-wall reducing joint pipe 5 needs to be clamped, the annular pressing plate 313 abuts against the upper side of the upper annular end plate 502 in the thin-wall reducing joint pipe 5, and the driving rotary rod 314 is utilized to drive the two movable pressing plates 315 to be away from each other until the transverse plate part of the movable pressing plates 315 is displaced to the lower side of the upper annular end plate 502 in the thin-wall reducing joint pipe 5, so that clamping is realized. When the clamping of the thin-wall reducing joint pipe 5 is required to be removed, the driving rotary rod 314 is utilized to drive the two movable pressing plates 315 to be close to each other until the transverse plate part of the movable pressing plates 315 is displaced to the inner side area of the upper annular end plate 502 in the thin-wall reducing joint pipe 5, so that the clamping is removed.
As shown in fig. 13, the welding mechanism 4 is used for pressure-resistant welding the circumferential seams between the transferred three thin-walled reducer pipes 5. The welding mechanism 4 comprises a third substrate 401, a second positioning block 402, a third vertical shaft 403, a material supporting plate 404, a first transverse push rod 405, a tilting assembly 406, a negative pressure sucker 407, a negative pressure generator 408, a third servo motor 409, a third anti-slip driving belt assembly 410, a second transverse push rod 411, a first laser welding head 412, a third transverse push rod 413 and a second laser welding head 414, wherein the third substrate 401 is an L-shaped substrate formed by a horizontal plate part and a vertical plate part, the upper end of the horizontal plate part of the third substrate 401 is fixedly provided with the second positioning block 402 and the third servo motor 409, and the bottom end rotation of the third vertical shaft 403 is limited in the second positioning block 402. The lower part of the third vertical shaft 403 is fixed with a material supporting plate 404, an output shaft of a third servo motor 409 is in transmission connection with the third vertical shaft 403 through a third anti-slip driving belt assembly 410, and the third anti-slip driving belt assembly 410 comprises a fourth sprocket, a fifth sprocket and a third chain belt sleeved outside the fourth sprocket and the fifth sprocket. The outside of third vertical axle 403 is by installing four rings of internal stay subassemblies from bottom to top, and internal stay subassembly includes first horizontal push rod 405, adjusts the subassembly 406 and negative pressure sucking disc 407 that inclines, and the expansion end of first horizontal push rod 405 supports through adjusting the subassembly 406 that inclines has the negative pressure sucking disc 407 of inclination adjustable, and the outer end of negative pressure sucking disc 407 is equipped with suction port 415, and suction port 415 is connected with negative pressure generator 408 through the negative pressure straw, and the negative pressure straw is equipped with the screw thread expansion section that adaptation was pulled, and negative pressure generator 408 is fixed in the upper end central region that holds in the palm flitch 404. The vertical plate part of the third base plate 401 is provided with a second transverse push rod 411 and a third transverse push rod 413 positioned above the second transverse push rod 411, the movable end of the second transverse push rod 411 is provided with a first laser welding head 412 for welding the annular seam between the lower thin-wall reducing joint pipe and the middle thin-wall reducing joint pipe, and the movable end of the third transverse push rod 413 is provided with a second laser welding head 414 for welding the annular seam between the middle thin-wall reducing joint pipe and the upper thin-wall reducing joint pipe.
The working principle of the welding mechanism 4: the lower two rings of inner support assemblies in the four rings of inner support assemblies are respectively positioned at the upper side and the lower side of the horizontal position of the lower layer circular seam, the upper two rings of inner support assemblies are respectively positioned at the upper side and the lower side of the horizontal position of the upper layer circular seam, the horizontal position of the first laser welding head 412 is equal to the horizontal position of the lower layer circular seam in height, and the horizontal position of the second laser welding head 414 is equal to the horizontal position of the upper layer circular seam in height. When the thin-wall reducing joint pipe 5 is sleeved on the outer side of the third vertical shaft 403, the first transverse push rod 405 drives the negative pressure sucker 407 to abut against the inner side wall of the thin-wall reducing joint pipe 5, the negative pressure generator 408 works, and the negative pressure sucker 407 is adsorbed and locked with the inner side wall of the thin-wall reducing joint pipe 5; the third servo motor 409 drives the third vertical shaft 403 to rotate by using the third anti-slip driving belt assembly 410, the circumferential seam between two adjacent thin-wall reducing joint pipes 5 also rotates along with the third vertical shaft, and the corresponding laser welding head adjusts the distance between the laser welding head and the circumferential seam by using the transverse push rod, so that the corresponding laser welding head works to realize pressure-resistant welding.
As shown in fig. 14, the tilt adjusting assembly 406 includes a support plate 406a, a fourth transverse push rod 406b, a first connecting plate 406c, a slide bar 406d, a sliding sleeve 406e and a second connecting plate 406f, wherein the support plate 406a is fixed on the movable end of the first transverse push rod 405, and the fourth transverse push rod 406b and the slide bar 406d above the fourth transverse push rod 406b are installed on the outer side of the support plate 406 a. The inner side of the negative pressure sucker 407 is fixed with a first connecting plate 406c and a second connecting plate 406f positioned above the first connecting plate 406c, the movable end of a fourth transverse push rod 406b is rotationally connected with the first connecting plate 406c, one end of a sliding sleeve 406e is sleeved on the outer side of a sliding rod 406d, and the other end of the sliding sleeve 406e is rotationally connected with the second connecting plate 406 f.
Principle of operation of tilt adjustment assembly 406: the first transverse push rod 405 is utilized to drive the lower end of the negative pressure sucker 407 to displace inwards or outwards, the superposition length between the slide rod 406d and the slide sleeve 406e is adaptively adjusted, the inclination angle of the negative pressure sucker 407 is adjusted, and the attaching requirements of the negative pressure sucker 407 on the thin-wall variable-diameter joint pipes 5 with different conicity are met.
The device has higher automation degree, and can realize the automatic feeding of the lower thin-wall reducing joint pipe, the middle thin-wall reducing joint pipe and the upper thin-wall reducing joint pipe and the automatic discharging of the assembled combined thin-wall reducing joint pipe; on the other hand, the automatic pressure-resistant welding of the annular joints with different diameters in the combined thin-wall reducing joint pipe can be realized, and the inner support can be provided in the welding process, so that the adverse phenomena of deformation and the like in the annular joint area in the welding process can be effectively avoided.
Example two
The embodiment provides an automatic pressure-resistant welding method for a circular seam of a pressure container, which is realized based on the automatic pressure-resistant welding device for the circular seam of the pressure container provided by the embodiment, and comprises the following steps:
1) The three stock mechanisms 2 are used for discharging, so that a lower thin-wall reducing joint pipe is positioned at a lower thin-wall reducing joint pipe placing station, a middle thin-wall reducing joint pipe is positioned at a middle thin-wall reducing joint pipe placing station, and an upper thin-wall reducing joint pipe is positioned at an upper thin-wall reducing joint pipe placing station;
2) The material tray 104 in the feeding mechanism 1 rotates to enable the lower layer thin-wall reducing joint pipe, the middle layer thin-wall reducing joint pipe and the upper layer thin-wall reducing joint pipe to sequentially rotate to the material taking station;
3) The transfer mechanism 3 transfers the lower layer thin wall reducing joint pipe, the middle layer thin wall reducing joint pipe and the upper layer thin wall reducing joint pipe to the welding mechanism 4 in sequence, and the welding mechanism 4 performs pressure-resistant welding treatment on two formed circular seams simultaneously and realizes welding synchronously, as shown in fig. 15.
Example III
The embodiment provides an automatic pressure-resistant welding method for a circular seam of a pressure container, which is realized based on the automatic pressure-resistant welding device for the circular seam of the pressure container provided by the embodiment, and comprises the following steps:
1) The three stock mechanisms 2 are used for discharging, so that a lower thin-wall reducing joint pipe is positioned at a lower thin-wall reducing joint pipe placing station, a middle thin-wall reducing joint pipe is positioned at a middle thin-wall reducing joint pipe placing station, and an upper thin-wall reducing joint pipe is positioned at an upper thin-wall reducing joint pipe placing station;
2) The material tray 104 in the feeding mechanism 1 rotates to enable the lower layer thin-wall reducing joint pipe, the middle layer thin-wall reducing joint pipe and the upper layer thin-wall reducing joint pipe to sequentially rotate to the material taking station;
3) The transfer mechanism 3 transfers the lower thin-wall reducing joint pipe and the middle thin-wall reducing joint pipe to the welding mechanism 4, and the welding mechanism 4 performs pressure-resistant welding treatment on the circumferential seam between the two, as shown in fig. 16; and the transfer mechanism 3 transfers the upper thin-wall reducing joint pipe to the welding mechanism 4, and the welding mechanism 4 performs pressure-resistant welding treatment on the newly formed circular seam, so that welding is realized in a distributed manner.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are merely helpful in explaining the invention. The preferred embodiments are not exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and the full scope and equivalents thereof.
Claims (4)
1. An automatic pressure-resistant welding device for circumferential seams of pressure containers is used for pressure-resistant welding of circumferential seams of combined thin-wall reducing joint pipes in the pressure containers and is characterized in that the combined thin-wall reducing joint pipes comprise three layers of thin-wall reducing joint pipes, each layer of thin-wall reducing joint pipes consists of a truncated cone-shaped joint pipe body, an upper annular end plate and a lower annular end plate, and the device comprises a feeding mechanism, a stock mechanism, a transfer mechanism and a welding mechanism;
the feeding mechanism is provided with four stations, wherein the four stations are a material taking station, a lower thin-wall reducing joint pipe placing station, a middle thin-wall reducing joint pipe placing station and an upper thin-wall reducing joint pipe placing station respectively, and the feeding mechanism can sequentially transfer the thin-wall reducing joint pipes placed in the lower thin-wall reducing joint pipe placing station, the middle thin-wall reducing joint pipe placing station and the upper thin-wall reducing joint pipe placing station to the material taking station;
the three storage mechanisms are respectively arranged right above the lower layer thin-wall reducing joint pipe placing station, the middle layer thin-wall reducing joint pipe placing station and the upper layer thin-wall reducing joint pipe placing station;
the transfer mechanism is used for transferring the thin-wall variable-diameter joint pipe at the material taking station to the welding mechanism and transferring the assembled combined thin-wall variable-diameter joint pipe from the welding mechanism to the blanking area;
the welding mechanism is used for performing pressure-resistant welding on the circumferential seams among the transferred three thin-wall variable-diameter joint pipes;
an upper annular end plate connected with the narrow opening of the truncated cone-shaped joint pipe body is arranged at the inner edge of the narrow opening of the truncated cone-shaped joint pipe body, and a lower annular end plate connected with the wide opening of the truncated cone-shaped joint pipe body is arranged at the inner edge of the wide opening of the truncated cone-shaped joint pipe body; the axial heights of the three layers of thin-wall reducing joint pipes are equal, the lower annular end plate of the upper layer of thin-wall reducing joint pipe is mutually butted with the upper annular end plate of the lower layer of thin-wall reducing joint pipe, and the periphery of the butted thin-wall reducing joint pipe forms a circular seam to be welded;
the feeding mechanism comprises a first base plate, a first positioning block, a first vertical shaft, a tray, a first servo motor and a first anti-slip transmission belt assembly, wherein the first positioning block and the first servo motor are fixed at the upper end of the first base plate, the bottom end of the first vertical shaft is limited in the first positioning block in a rotating way, the top end of the first vertical shaft is supported with the tray, and an output shaft of the first servo motor is in transmission connection with the first vertical shaft through the first anti-slip transmission belt assembly;
the material storage mechanism comprises a cylindrical material storage barrel, a vertical material storage cavity matched with the maximum outer diameter of the corresponding thin-wall reducing joint pipe is formed in the cylindrical material storage barrel, a group of first material blocking push rods and a group of second material blocking push rods are arranged at the bottom of the cylindrical material storage barrel, the second material blocking push rods are positioned above the first material blocking push rods, and the gauge value between the first material blocking push rods and the second material blocking push rods is equal to the gauge value of two adjacent layers of lower annular end plates after the corresponding thin-wall reducing joint pipes are stacked in the vertical material storage cavity; the clearance discharging operation of the material storage mechanism is realized by controlling the extending length of the movable rod in the first material blocking push rod and the second material blocking push rod;
the transfer mechanism comprises a second base plate, a first vertical push rod, a slip ring, a second vertical shaft, a rotating sleeve, a rotating support frame, a second servo motor, a second anti-slip transmission belt assembly, a horizontal rotating plate, a second vertical push rod and a clamping assembly, wherein the first vertical push rod, the rotating support frame and the second servo motor are installed on the second base plate;
the clamping assembly comprises a frame plate, a guide plate, an annular pressing plate, a driving rotating rod and a movable pressing plate, wherein the lower side of the frame plate is connected with the annular pressing plate through the guide plate, the upper side of the guide plate is supported with the driving rotating rod through an ear plate, a built-in motor is installed on the inner side of the frame plate, an output shaft of the built-in motor is in transmission connection with the middle part of the driving rotating rod through an umbrella-shaped steering gear set, the driving rotating rod is provided with two screw rod sections with opposite rotation directions, the movable pressing plate is an L-shaped pressing plate formed by a vertical plate part and a transverse plate part, a screw rod groove matched with the corresponding screw rod section is formed in the vertical plate part of the movable pressing plate, and a clamping area matched with the thickness of an upper annular end plate in a thin-wall reducing joint pipe is formed between the transverse plate part of the movable pressing plate and the annular pressing plate;
the welding mechanism comprises a third base plate, a second positioning block, a third vertical shaft, a material supporting plate, a first transverse push rod, a tilting assembly, a negative pressure sucker, a negative pressure generator, a third servo motor, a third anti-slip driving belt assembly, a second transverse push rod, a first laser welding head, a third transverse push rod and a second laser welding head, wherein the third base plate is an L-shaped base plate formed by a horizontal plate part and a vertical plate part, the upper end of the horizontal plate part of the third base plate is fixedly provided with the second positioning block and the third servo motor, the bottom end of the third vertical shaft is rotationally limited in the second positioning block, the lower part of the third vertical shaft is fixedly provided with the material supporting plate, and an output shaft of the third servo motor is in driving connection with the third vertical shaft through the third anti-slip driving belt assembly; the outer side of the third vertical shaft is provided with four circles of inner supporting assemblies from bottom to top, each inner supporting assembly comprises a first transverse push rod, an inclination adjusting assembly and a negative pressure sucker, the movable end of the first transverse push rod is supported with the negative pressure sucker with an adjustable inclination angle through the inclination adjusting assembly, the outer end of the negative pressure sucker is provided with a suction port, the suction port is connected with a negative pressure generator through a negative pressure suction pipe, and the negative pressure generator is fixed in the central area of the upper end of the material supporting plate; the vertical plate part of the third base plate is provided with a second transverse push rod and a third transverse push rod positioned above the second transverse push rod, the movable end of the second transverse push rod is provided with a first laser welding head for welding the annular seam between the lower thin-wall reducing joint pipe and the middle thin-wall reducing joint pipe, and the movable end of the third transverse push rod is provided with a second laser welding head for welding the annular seam between the middle thin-wall reducing joint pipe and the upper thin-wall reducing joint pipe.
2. The automated pressure resistant welding apparatus of pressure vessel girth, according to claim 1, wherein: four groups of annular positioning grooves are uniformly formed in the upper side of the tray along the circumferential direction inwards, each group of annular positioning grooves comprises three concentric annular positioning grooves, and the three concentric annular positioning grooves are respectively matched with the lower annular end plates of the three-layer thin-wall reducing joint pipes in the combined thin-wall reducing joint pipe.
3. The automated pressure resistant welding apparatus of pressure vessel girth, according to claim 2, wherein: the tilting assembly comprises a support plate, a fourth transverse push rod, a first connecting plate, a slide rod, a sliding sleeve and a second connecting plate, wherein the support plate is fixed on the movable end of the first transverse push rod, the fourth transverse push rod and the slide rod above the support plate are arranged on the outer side of the support plate, the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate above the negative pressure suction cup are fixed on the inner side of the negative pressure suction cup, the movable end of the fourth transverse push rod is rotationally connected with the first connecting plate, one end of the sliding sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the slide rod, and the other end of the sliding sleeve is rotationally connected with the second connecting plate.
4. An automated pressure-resistant welding method for a pressure vessel girth, the method being realized based on the automated pressure-resistant welding apparatus for a pressure vessel girth according to claim 3, comprising the steps of:
1) The three stock mechanisms are used for discharging, so that the lower thin-wall reducing joint pipe is positioned at a lower thin-wall reducing joint pipe placing station, the middle thin-wall reducing joint pipe is positioned at a middle thin-wall reducing joint pipe placing station, and the upper thin-wall reducing joint pipe is positioned at an upper thin-wall reducing joint pipe placing station;
2) A material supporting disc in the feeding mechanism rotates to enable the lower layer thin-wall reducing joint pipe, the middle layer thin-wall reducing joint pipe and the upper layer thin-wall reducing joint pipe to sequentially rotate to a material taking station;
3) The transfer mechanism sequentially transfers the lower layer thin-wall reducing joint pipe, the middle layer thin-wall reducing joint pipe and the upper layer thin-wall reducing joint pipe to the welding mechanism, and the welding mechanism simultaneously performs pressure-resistant welding treatment on the two formed circular seams to synchronously realize welding;
or the transfer mechanism transfers the lower thin-wall reducing joint pipe and the middle thin-wall reducing joint pipe to the welding mechanism, and the welding mechanism performs pressure-resistant welding treatment on the circumferential seam between the lower thin-wall reducing joint pipe and the middle thin-wall reducing joint pipe; and the transfer mechanism transfers the upper thin-wall reducing joint pipe to the welding mechanism, and the welding mechanism performs pressure-resistant welding treatment on the newly formed circular seam, so that welding is realized in a distributed manner.
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