CN106857403A - 25‑oh‑d3促进1‑21日龄白羽肉鸡胫骨发育的应用 - Google Patents
25‑oh‑d3促进1‑21日龄白羽肉鸡胫骨发育的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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Abstract
本发明属于家禽饲养领域，公开了25‑OH‑D3在提高1‑21日龄白羽肉鸡胫骨灰分含量和胫骨磷含量中的应用。白羽肉鸡日粮中添加25‑OH‑D3不仅能缩短维生素D3在体内的转化过程，而且还能避免肝脏、肾脏、肠道受损以及其他因素带来的影响，进而提高1‑21日龄白羽肉鸡胫骨灰分含量、胫骨磷含量，本发明所述应用可在提高肉鸡生产性能上提供理论基础。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及家禽饲养领域，具体涉及25-OH-D3在促进白羽肉鸡胫骨发育中的应用。
背景技术
中国人口在世界上排行第一，肉类的消费量非常巨大，其中鸡肉的消费量占据了非常大的比例。随着科技的进步以及社会经济的快速发展，人们对肉类食品需求不断增大，对食物品质的要求更是越来越高。因此，传统的农村散养无论在数量上还是质量上都已经跟不上社会的需求了，需要更为先进的养殖模式才能满足社会的需求。为了满足需求，传统的农村散养逐渐被淘汰，取而代之的是现代化的集约化饲养。
肉鸡在现代化的高密度集约化养殖下，饲养环境由以前在广阔的平地上饲养变成在密封式饲舍内，或者在多层式的网上平养或笼养，这样会使鸡的活动空间变小，鸡得不到良好的运动，影响肉鸡胫骨的发育，从而导致容易出现腿病。
现有技术有相关促进肉鸡胫骨发育的研究，叶慧等人在《动物营养学报》，2013，25（8）：1752-1761中研究了25羟基维生素D3对42~63日龄黄羽肉鸡胫骨发育的影响。黄羽肉鸡虽也是肉鸡一种，但是和白羽肉鸡相比还是有很大的区别，白羽肉鸡一般在42日龄左右就出栏，饲养周期短。现有技术中还没有25羟基维生素对白羽肉鸡生长阶段胫骨发育影响的研究。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术中存在的上述问题，提供25-OH-D3在提高1-21日龄白羽肉鸡胫骨骨灰分含量和胫骨磷含量中的应用。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案予以实现：
25-OH-D3在提高1-21日龄白羽肉鸡胫骨灰分含量和胫骨磷含量中的应用。
维生素D的主要作用是促进钙和磷的吸收，是促进动物生长的必需营养物质。禽类从日粮中吸收的维生素D3要先在肝脏转化为25羟基维生素D3，然后在肾小管转化为生物学活性最大的1,25二羟基维生素D3。直接在日粮中添加25羟基维生素D3进行补饲，不仅能缩短维生素D3在体内的转化过程，而且还能避免肝脏、肾脏、肠道受损以及其他因素带来的影响，本发明研究发现25-OH-D3能提高1-21日龄白羽肉鸡胫骨灰分含量和胫骨磷含量，并且对肉鸡免疫性能没有影响。
优选地，上述应用具体是在肉鸡日粮中添加25-OH-D3，其添加量为每千克肉鸡日粮中添加69 ug的25-OH-D3合适的25-OH-D3含量可以进一步提高钙、磷的吸收从而提高白羽肉鸡胫骨灰分含量和胫骨磷含量。
优选地，所述肉鸡日粮中钙质量百分含量为0.8%，非植酸磷质量百分含量为0.25%，根据NPP的质量百分含量计算得磷质量百分含量为0.45%。
1-21日龄鸡对钙、磷需求量大，合适的钙、磷含量既可以保证1-21日龄白羽肉鸡生长的需求又不会搞成饲料的浪费而增加成本。
与现有技术相比本发明具有以下技术效果：
本发明提供了25-OH-D3在提高1-21日龄白羽肉鸡胫骨骨灰分含量和胫骨磷含量中的应用，即通过研究发现在1-21日龄饲养阶段，日粮中添加25-OH-D3能够显著提高白羽肉鸡胫骨灰分以及胫骨磷含量。且日粮中添加的日粮中添加25-OH-D3对肉鸡免疫性能没有显著影响，本发明所述应用可在提高肉鸡生产性能上提供理论基础。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例进一步说明本发明的内容，但不应理解为对本发明的限制。在不背离本发明精神和实质的情况下，对本发明方法、步骤或条件所作的简单修改或替换，均属于本发明的范围；若未特别指明，实施例中所用的技术手段为本领域技术人员所熟知的常规手段。
实施例1
25-OH-D3对肉鸡胫骨发育的影响
选择96只健康、1日龄初始体重差异不显著的白羽肉鸡，分成2个组，对照组和25-OH-D3组，每组6个重复，每重复8只鸡。对照组饲喂基础日粮，25-OH-D3组在每kg基础日粮中添加69 ug 25-OH-D3。
肉鸡基础日粮配方参照《中华人民共和国农业行业标准 NY/T33-2004》按前期1-21天，后期22-42天两个饲养阶段配制日粮。配方组成和营养成分(表1中%均为质量百分含量)见表1。
表1 肉鸡日粮组成
注：微量元素预混料组成如下：铁，100 mg；锌，100 mg；铜，8 mg；锰，120 mg；碘，0.7mg；硒，0.3 mg。
试验鸡采用3层直立式笼养，自由采食，自由饮水，雏鸡入栏前对鸡舍和器具进行清洗和消毒，保证鸡舍的清洁和良好通风，白天自由采光，晚上日光灯补光。鸡的免疫接种按照常规进行。
在试验第21天进行屠宰试验，每个试验组各重复随机抽取2只试验鸡进行屠宰，取左腿胫骨，测定胫骨长度和重量，并测定骨灰分、骨钙和骨磷含量。
肉鸡胫骨指标测定方法：
（1）胫骨长度：胫骨剔除表面肌肉后，使用游标卡尺测量其长度。
（2）胫骨重量：用电子天平测量胫骨剔除表面肌肉后的重量。
（3）胫骨灰分含量：取脱脂后胫骨样品置于550℃高温马弗炉中灰化4个小时，烧得灰分并称重，胫骨灰分含量=胫骨灰分总量/胫骨风干重量。
（4）胫骨钙含量：将骨灰分充分磨碎混匀，用高锰酸钾法测定钙含量，胫骨钙含量=胫骨钙总量/胫骨风干重量。
（5）胫骨磷含量：用钒钼黄比色法测定磷含量，胫骨含磷量=胫骨磷总量/胫骨风干重量。
日粮中添加25-OH-D3对21日龄白羽肉鸡胫骨发育的影响情况见表2。
表2 25-OH-D3对21日龄肉鸡胫骨发育的影响
由表2可以看出，25-OH-D3组21日龄的肉鸡胫骨长度、胫骨重量以及胫骨钙含量略高于对照组，但差异不显著（P＞0.05）。25-OH-D3组21日龄的肉鸡胫骨灰分含量、胫骨磷含量与对照组相比分别提高了9.13%、16.16%，且差异显著（P＜0.05）。
实施例2
25-OH-D3对肉鸡免疫器官的影响
表3 日粮添加25-OH-D3对21日龄肉鸡免疫器官的影响
从表3可以看出，25-OH-D3组与对照组相比，胸腺、胰腺、脾脏、法氏囊和肝脏的重量差异不显著（P>0.05）说明在日粮中添加25-OH-D3不影响肉鸡的免疫性能。
Claims (3)
1.25-OH-D3在提高1-21日龄白羽肉鸡胫骨灰分含量和胫骨磷含量中的应用。
2.根据权利要求1所述25-OH-D3在提高1-21日龄白羽肉鸡胫骨骨灰分含量和胫骨磷含量中的应用，其特征在于，在肉鸡日粮中添加25-OH-D3，其添加量为每千克日粮添加69 ug。
3.根据权利要求2所述25-OH-D3在提高1-21日龄白羽肉鸡胫骨骨灰分含量和胫骨磷含量中的应用，其特征在于，所述肉鸡日粮中钙质量百分含量为0.8%，磷质量百分含量为0.45%，非植酸磷质量百分含量为0.25%。
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Citations (3)
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| CN1852717A (zh) * | 2003-09-19 | 2006-10-25 | 辉瑞产品公司 | 治疗骨质稀少或雄性骨质疏松的2－亚烷基－19－去甲－维生素d衍生物 |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1852717A (zh) * | 2003-09-19 | 2006-10-25 | 辉瑞产品公司 | 治疗骨质稀少或雄性骨质疏松的2－亚烷基－19－去甲－维生素d衍生物 |
| CN101863809A (zh) * | 2010-05-12 | 2010-10-20 | 重庆泰濠制药有限公司 | 一种度骨化醇的提纯方法 |
| CN105352958A (zh) * | 2015-11-28 | 2016-02-24 | 宁波美康生物科技股份有限公司 | 总25-羟基维生素d检测试剂盒 |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 杨德智: "25-羟基维生素D3与植酸酶对艾维茵肉仔鸡胫骨发育和血清、肝脏生化指标的影响", 《畜牧兽医杂志》 * |
| 韩进诚: "肉鸡1α-羟基维生素D3或25-羟基维生素D3饲粮中适宜的钙与非植酸磷比例", 《第七届中国饲料营养学术研讨会论文集》 * |
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