CN106836112A - A kind of experimental provision and method for studying waterpower water quality relation in cement lining river course - Google Patents
A kind of experimental provision and method for studying waterpower water quality relation in cement lining river course Download PDFInfo
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- CN106836112A CN106836112A CN201710164795.3A CN201710164795A CN106836112A CN 106836112 A CN106836112 A CN 106836112A CN 201710164795 A CN201710164795 A CN 201710164795A CN 106836112 A CN106836112 A CN 106836112A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B1/00—Equipment or apparatus for, or methods of, general hydraulic engineering, e.g. protection of constructions against ice-strains
- E02B1/02—Hydraulic models
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
Abstract
A kind of experimental provision and method for studying waterpower water quality relation in cement lining river course,Including the sink main body that the two halves circular channels side by two straight troughs being parallel to each other while with two straight trough of connection constitutes,Sink main body middle part installing central baffle,Central baffle is parallel and isometric with two straight trough sides,So that sink main body turns into the racetrack tank of circulation reciprocating type,Two straight trough sections are constituted between central baffle and two straight trough sides,Two two ends of straight trough section are respectively by a semicircular water tank section connection,And the width of straight trough section is identical with the radius of semicircular water tank section,A semicircular water tank section bottom is provided with drain groove,A straight trough section is provided with blade,Uniformly to promote trough inner water stream to move,The device can simulate different in flow rate in cement lining river course,The depth of water or Reynolds number are to water quality,The influence that algal grown etc. is caused,Its structure simplicity,Construction is easy,Cement lining river course plug-flow state can effectively be emulated,Experimental implementation is easy.
Description
Technical field
It is more particularly to a kind of for studying waterpower-water in cement lining river course the invention belongs to field of environment engineering technology
The experimental provision and method of matter relation.
Background technology
In city, the activity such as river course environment is lived with nearby residents, amusement is closely related, its landscape, ecological functions one
As can not ignore.Using cement riverbed surface is carried out often relating to moisturizing in lining cutting, and river management more than China's city river
In etc. artificial regulation measure, therefore city river management and control, to river course hydraulic elements and its landscape, water quality (including algal grown)
The research of influence relation is significant.
Before making the present invention, the experimental provision to river course waterpower and water quality impact relation includes tub device, straight trough device
(including collapsible straight trough) and annular slot device.Wherein, tub device makes water body rotational flow by modes such as concussion, stirrings,
Beijing Inst. of Water Conservancy Science has applied for a kind of " the microcystis-aeruginosa research of Publication No. CN102174373A within such as 2011
The patent of invention of device ", the rotation by blade under water around tub tank promotes current.Tub device can be simulated and is thoroughly mixed
Unit water body, but calculate flow velocity it is more difficult, it is impossible to meet the requirement of waterpower-water quality relation research.In straight trough device, water body
One end outflow is flowed into from one end, is usually used in the research of attached microbial, it is impossible to which effective prolonged water quality of analogue unit water body becomes
Change.And for annular water tank, with the motion of simulation water body unit, and the hydraulic elements such as measurement flow velocity can be relatively easy to.There is circle at present
Ring-like and two kinds of forms of racetrack, the B's of Publication No. CN 103207060 that such as 2013 Tongji University of circular ring type device apply
" a kind of annular water tank device that can be used to simulate natural river course flow characteristics " and Shanghai Estuarine ＆ Coastal Science Research Center's application
The B of Publication No. CN 103592101 " a kind of truss-like all automatic measurement and control annular water tank experimental rig " invention
Patent；The U's of Publication No. CN 204495541 of such as 2015 Beijing Environmental Protection Science Inst. of racetrack device application
" device of natural river course flow characteristics is simulated using annular water tank " utility model patent, is using shearing action band dynamic water tank
Interior water body flow.
But existing experimental provision patent cannot temporarily meet the research of waterpower-water quality key element research in artificial lining cutting river course
Demand, including：River width is smaller in city river, current are slower, can be considered plug-flow river course, and it is in plug-flow state stream that should try one's best and make water body
It is dynamic；Simultaneously as device can be used to study algal grown situation, therefore the extraneous shearing of the reduction that should try one's best to algae form and cluster
The influence for bringing；In addition, in order to effective simulated flow and frictional force, the cement riverbed of cement surface generation are to the material in water body
Release or planktonic organism etc. need to carry out lining cutting with cement in the attachment phenomenon of riverbed surface inside device.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, it is an object of the invention to be city river reparation neck in environmental project
Domain provides a kind of experimental provision and method for studying waterpower-water quality relation in cement lining river course, for simulating cement lining
The influence that the different in flow rate, depth of water or Reynolds number are caused to water quality, algal grown etc. in block river course, can effectively emulate cement
Lining cutting river course plug-flow state, experimental implementation is easy, with structure simplicity, easy construction, cost-effective, applicability and with strong points
The advantages of.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of experimental provision for studying waterpower-water quality relation in cement lining river course, including sink main body 1, tank
Two halves circular channels side of the main body 1 by two straight troughs being parallel to each other while with two straight trough of connection constitutes, at the middle part of sink main body 1
Installing central baffle 2, central baffle 2 is parallel and isometric with two straight trough sides so that sink main body 1 turns into circulation reciprocating type
Racetrack tank, two straight troughs section is constituted between central baffle 2 and two straight trough sides, the two ends of two straight troughs sections pass through respectively
One semicircular water tank section connection, and the width of straight trough section is identical with the radius of semicircular water tank section, in a semicircular water tank
Section bottom is provided with drain groove 3, the blade 6 being connected with adjustable power set 5 is provided with a straight trough section, uniformly to promote
Trough inner water stream is moved.
The drain groove 3 is square or circle, and bottom is used to insert diving pump drainage when being less than ground, its width or half
Footpath is more than used diving pump frame radius, and when orographic condition is allowed, setting in line mouth in bottom portion of groove carries out gravity drainage.
The inwall of the sink main body 1 carries out lining cutting with cement, to simulate the river course surface of actual artificial lining cutting, so that
Attachment of the frictional force and aufwuch, planktonic organism of effective simulated flow and cement surface generation in riverbed surface in experiment
Phenomenon.
The method of the cement lining is：In the inwall and central baffle both sides surface of steel plate of the sink main body for assembling
9 spot welding 12mm length steel nails 13 every square centimeter, 10 are plastered using cement mortar, and thickness is 5-8mm, after after its initial set in its table
Wire netting 11 is placed as reinforcement in face, cement mortar 12 is covered again and is compacted, and thickness is 5-8mm.
The blade 6 is three paddle blade structures, and three blades are each to be evenly distributed on paddle shaft at a distance of 120 °, its size and position
It is set to：During blade vertical water groove bottom, blade tip is not less than 5cm away from tank bottom surface, no more than tests the depth of water；Blade parallel water
During trough face, the horizontal range of center line residing for paddle shaft, power set axle away from straight trough section initiating terminal is not less than blade length,
No more than 1/2 straight trough segment length；Blade openwork part area is determined by the experiment depth of water and flow velocity.
The adjustable power set 5 are made up of motor and speed reducer, and turning for blade 6 is adjusted by reductor speed governing knob 7
Dynamic speed, and blade rotation direction 8 makes current flow to straight trough section rear end from paddle shaft straight trough section front end closer to the distance.
The blade 6 and its paddle shaft, and steel plate above the water surface carry out antirust treatment.
Using the experimental technique for studying the experimental provision of waterpower-water quality relation in cement lining river course, including
Following steps：
Step one, after removing the debris in device after drying, reaches to injection experimentses water to the depth of water in experimental provision
To at default scale, adjustable power set 5 are opened；
Step 2, determines water volume flow rate in experimental provision；
Step 3, keeps the adjustable continuous service of power set 5, water body constant flow periodically to carry out specific water quality index inspection
Survey and record, and whether keep constant every five days inspection water volume flow rates；
Step 4, after detection terminates, closes down adjustable power set 5, and immersible pump is placed in drain groove 3, carries out draining；
Step 5, after draining terminates, scrubs the attachment of remove device inwall, according to the hydrology status data and inspection that are formed
The water quality data for measuring, obtains the corresponding hydrology-water quality relation.
Water volume flow rate of the present invention is debugged as follows：
Step one, depth of water requirement, and the depth of water scale needed for experimental provision inwall mark are calculated according to experimental program；
Step 2, to injection experimentses water in experimental provision, scale is reached to the depth of water, opens motor, and rotational deceleration machine is adjusted
Fast knob 7 is to lowest speed；
Step 3, now flow velocity is measured in the straight trough section of no blade 6 using single-point current meter, and measurement point position is in this
Straight trough section midpoint, at 1/2 depth of water, will measure flow velocity and is labeled at reductor speed governing knob 7；
Step 4, is adjusted to reductor speed governing knob 7 most high speed or does not produce the critical flow velocity of appreciable current transverse direction concussion,
Repeat step three is operated；
Step 5, according to step 3, step 4 operating result, reductor speed governing knob 7 when estimation reaches required flow velocity
Put, reductor speed governing knob 7 is allocated to the position, continue repeat step three and step 5 operation, until measured flow velocity is full
It is full to test demand, mark now knob position.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
(1) present invention is more applicable for can be considered plug-flow state using water body flow mode under blade simulation plug-flow state
Streamflow.
(2) present invention includes straight trough section, and current lateral flow is buffered and reduced, and makes flow-speed measurement in groove more convenient
With it is accurate.
(3) present invention lining cutting is carried out to inboard wall of cistern using cement, can effectively simulated flow and cement surface generation
The attachment phenomenon in riverbed surface such as frictional force and aufwuch, planktonic organism.
(4) present invention is provided with drain groove, draining is carried out using immersible pump, such that it is able to ignore bottom of device and ground
The discrepancy in elevation.Bottom of device can be placed in below ground in experiment, can while smooth draining holding meanss external temperature it is suitable；
And also can directly carry out gravity drainage during orographic condition permission
(5) structure of the present invention is concise, simple with electric line, it is easy to construction, saves cost.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the present invention for studying the top view of the experimental provision of waterpower-water quality relation in cement lining river course.
Fig. 2 is the present invention for studying the front view of the experimental provision of waterpower-water quality relation in cement lining river course.
Fig. 3 is the present invention for studying the left side view of the experimental provision of waterpower-water quality relation in cement lining river course.
Fig. 4 is the present invention for studying the cement lining layer of the experimental provision of waterpower-water quality relation in cement lining river course
Schematic diagram.
In figure：1 is sink main body；2 is central baffle；3 is drain groove；4 is cement lining surface；5 is adjustable power
Device；6 is blade；7 is reductor speed governing knob；8 is blade rotation direction；9 is sink main body inwall and central baffle both sides
Surface of steel plate；10 is internal layer cement mortar；11 is iron wire stratum reticulare；12 is outer layer cement mortar；13 is steel nail.
Specific embodiment
Describe embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in Figures 1 to 3, experimental provision of the present invention is including sink main body, central baffle, adjustable power set, blade etc..
Sink main body 1 and the 1000mm high of central baffle 2, main body steel plate thickness 4mm, the stirrup that a thickness 8mm is arranged at top fix (root
One stirrup can be again set at 1/2 height according to needs).After separating through central baffle, the twice straight trough that formation is parallel to each other, directly
Slot length is 4000mm, and width is 1000mm, and twice semicircular water tank, radius is 1000mm.The square drain groove length of side is
200mm, centre-to-centre spacing semicircular water tank top 500mm.
In the present invention, as shown in figure 4, in the inwall and central baffle both sides surface of steel plate 9 of the sink main body for assembling
With the steel nail 13 of spot welding 12mm length every square centimeter, 10 are plastered using cement mortar afterwards, thickness is 5mm, after after its initial set
Wire netting 11 being placed as reinforcement on its surface, cement mortar 12 being covered again and is compacted, thickness is 8mm.
In the present invention, blade 6 totally three is evenly distributed on paddle shaft at a distance of 120 °, and its length is 1100mm, and width is
900mm, effectively pushes away water section (non-openwork part) by five tile heights for the detachable steel plate of 100mm is spliced, can be according to need
Dismantle.The horizontal range of center line residing for paddle shaft, power set axle away from straight trough front end is 1200mm.Power set set up
In the top of another straight trough, steel plate mat thickness is 8mm.Blade, paddle shaft, power set metal mat are processed with antirust paint.
Device bottom surface is placed in below ground 500m, and outer wall more than ground is covered with straw mat, fits water temperature in device
Preferably.
The debugging of water velocity, comprises the following steps in the present invention：
Step one, depth of water requirement, and the depth of water scale needed for experimental provision inwall mark are calculated according to experimental program；
Step 2, to injection experimentses water in experimental provision, scale is reached to the depth of water, opens motor, and rotational deceleration machine is adjusted
Fast knob 7 is to lowest speed；
Step 3, now flow velocity is measured in the straight trough section of no blade 6 using single-point current meter, and measurement point position is in this
Straight trough section midpoint, at 1/2 depth of water, will measure flow velocity and is labeled at reductor speed governing knob 7；
Step 4, is adjusted to reductor speed governing knob 7 most high speed or does not produce the critical flow velocity of appreciable current transverse direction concussion,
Repeat step three is operated；
Step 5, according to step 3, step 4 operating result, reductor speed governing knob 7 when estimation reaches required flow velocity
Put, reductor speed governing knob 7 is allocated to the position, continue repeat step three and step 5 operation, until measured flow velocity is full
It is full to test demand, mark now knob position.
The method that change of water quality research under specific flow velocity is carried out using apparatus of the present invention, comprises the following steps, this sentences algae
As a example by class culture.
Step one, after removing the debris in device after drying, reaches to injection experimentses water to the depth of water in experimental provision
To at default scale, adjustable power set 5 are opened.
Step 2, water volume flow rate in experimental provision is determined using the method for step 3 in the debugging of water velocity again.
Step 3, keeps power set continuous service, water body constant flow periodically to carry out the detection of algae index and record,
And whether the method inspection flow velocity every step 3 in the debugging using water velocity in five days keeps constant.
Step 4, after detection terminates, closes down adjustable power set 5, and immersible pump is placed in drain groove 3, carries out draining.
Step 5, the phytoplankton that device inwall adheres to after draining terminates, scrubbed and removed with brush, and will dress
Put to be dried to after being completely dried and can carry out next group of experiment.
Step 6, the growth rate of algal grown in device during testing is tried to achieve according to the algae index for obtaining, with reference to each
The flow velocity set in group experiment, draws the Changing Pattern figure of lower algal grown speed different in flow rate.
In the present invention, different hydraulics can be formed according to the different service condition of device, and pass through experimental monitoring
Available specific water quality index data (depending on according to different Research Requirements), specific water can be carried out with reference to both
Power-water quality relationship analysis.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of experimental provision for studying waterpower-water quality relation in cement lining river course, including sink main body (1), tank
Two halves circular channels side of the main body (1) by two straight troughs being parallel to each other while with two straight trough of connection constitutes, it is characterised in that
Sink main body (1) middle part installing central baffle (2), central baffle (2) is parallel and isometric with two straight trough sides so that tank
Racetrack tank of the main body (1) as circulation reciprocating type, constitutes two straight trough sections between central baffle (2) and two straight trough sides,
The two ends of two straight troughs section respectively by a semicircular water tank section connection, and straight trough section width and semicircular water tank section half
Footpath is identical, and a semicircular water tank section bottom is provided with drain groove (3), is provided with a straight trough section and is filled with adjustable power
The blade (6) of (5) connection is put, uniformly to promote trough inner water stream to move.
2. it is used to study the experimental provision of waterpower-water quality relation in cement lining river course according to claim 1, its feature exists
It is square or circle in, the drain groove (3), bottom is used to insert diving pump drainage when being less than ground, its width or radius
More than the diving pump frame radius for being used, when orographic condition is allowed, setting in line mouth in bottom portion of groove carries out gravity drainage.
3. it is used to study the experimental provision of waterpower-water quality relation in cement lining river course according to claim 1, its feature exists
In sink main body (1) inwall carries out lining cutting with cement, to simulate the river course surface of actual artificial lining cutting, so as in reality
The frictional force and aufwuch, planktonic organism that effective simulated flow is produced with cement surface in testing show in the attachment of riverbed surface
As.
4. it is used to study the experimental provision of waterpower-water quality relation in cement lining river course according to claim 1, its feature exists
In the method for the cement lining is：It is every in the inwall of the sink main body for assembling and central baffle both sides surface of steel plate (9)
Square centimeter spot welding 12mm length steel nail (13), plastered (10) using cement mortar, thickness is 5-8mm, after after its initial set at it
Wire netting (11) is placed as reinforcement in surface, cement mortar (12) is covered again and is compacted, and thickness is 5-8mm.
5. it is used to study the experimental provision of waterpower-water quality relation in cement lining river course according to claim 1, its feature exists
It is three paddle blade structures in, the blade (6), three blades are each to be evenly distributed on paddle shaft at a distance of 120 °, its size and position
For：During blade vertical water groove bottom, blade tip is not less than 5cm away from tank bottom surface, no more than tests the depth of water；The parallel tank of blade
During ground, the horizontal range of center line residing for paddle shaft, power set axle away from straight trough section initiating terminal is not less than blade length, no
More than 1/2 straight trough segment length；Blade openwork part area is determined by the experiment depth of water and flow velocity.
6. it is used to study the experimental provision of waterpower-water quality relation in cement lining river course according to claim 1, its feature exists
In the adjustable power set (5) are made up of motor and speed reducer.
7. it is used to study the experimental provision of waterpower-water quality relation in cement lining river course according to claim 6, its feature exists
In, the velocity of rotation of blade (6) is adjusted by reductor speed governing knob (7), and blade rotation direction (8) makes current from paddle shaft
Straight trough section front end closer to the distance flows to straight trough section rear end.
8. it is used to study the experimental provision of waterpower-water quality relation in cement lining river course according to claim 6, its feature exists
In, the blade (6) and its paddle shaft, and steel plate above the water surface carries out antirust treatment.
9. using the experiment side of the experimental provision for being used to study waterpower-water quality relation in cement lining river course described in claim 1
Method, comprises the following steps：
Step one, after removing the debris in device after drying, reaches pre- to injection experimentses water to the depth of water in experimental provision
If at scale, opening adjustable power set (5)；
Step 2, determines water volume flow rate in experimental provision；
Step 3, keeps adjustable power set (5) continuous service, water body constant flow periodically to carry out specific water quality index detection
And record, and whether keep constant every five days inspection water volume flow rates；
Step 4, after detection terminates, closes down adjustable power set (5), and immersible pump is placed in drain groove (3), carries out draining；
Step 5, after draining terminates, scrub remove device inwall attachment, according to formed hydrology status data and detect
The water quality data for arriving, obtains the corresponding hydrology-water quality relation.
10. experimental technique according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the water volume flow rate is debugged as follows：
Step one, depth of water requirement, and the depth of water scale needed for experimental provision inwall mark are calculated according to experimental program；
Step 2, to injection experimentses water in experimental provision, scale is reached to the depth of water, opens motor, rotational deceleration machine speed governing rotation
Button (7) is to lowest speed；
Step 3, now flow velocity is measured in the straight trough section of no blade (6) using single-point current meter, and measurement point position is straight in this
Groove section midpoint, at 1/2 depth of water, will measure flow velocity and is labeled in reductor speed governing knob (7) place；
Step 4, is adjusted to reductor speed governing knob (7) most high speed or does not produce the critical flow velocity of appreciable current transverse direction concussion, weight
Multiple step 3 operation；
Step 5, according to step 3, step 4 operating result, reductor speed governing knob (7) position when estimation reaches required flow velocity,
Reductor speed governing knob (7) is allocated to the position, continues repeat step three and step 5 operation, until measured flow velocity meets
Experiment demand, marks now knob position.
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| CN201710164795.3A CN106836112B (en) | 2017-03-20 | 2017-03-20 | Experimental device and method for researching hydraulic power-water quality relation in cement lining river channel |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107817087A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-03-20 | 河海大学 | A kind of water tank device and operating method for being used to simulate open channel HYDRODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS |
| CN108109488A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-06-01 | 浙江省海洋水产研究所 | A kind of Static Water-mud mechanics experimental apparatus |
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| CN107817087B (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2020-02-21 | 河海大学 | Water tank device for simulating open channel hydrodynamic characteristics and operation method |
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|---|---|
| CN106836112B (en) | 2022-09-02 |
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