CN106831266A - Heavy metal pollution alkaline land modifying agent and saline and alkali land improvement method based on spent bleaching clay - Google Patents
Heavy metal pollution alkaline land modifying agent and saline and alkali land improvement method based on spent bleaching clay Download PDFInfo
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- CN106831266A CN106831266A CN201710205940.8A CN201710205940A CN106831266A CN 106831266 A CN106831266 A CN 106831266A CN 201710205940 A CN201710205940 A CN 201710205940A CN 106831266 A CN106831266 A CN 106831266A
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- heavy metal
- modifying agent
- metal pollution
- bleaching clay
- spent bleaching
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B3/00—Fertilisers based essentially on di-calcium phosphate
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of heavy metal pollution alkaline land modifying agent and modification method based on spent bleaching clay, the composition of raw materials of modifying agent includes spent bleaching clay 45 80%, complex micro organism fungicide 0.5 2%, humic acid 5 15%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 3 10%, calcium carbonate 2 5%, citric acid 1 6% and polyaluminium sulfate 2 19.5%, described complex micro organism fungicide are that bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus laterosporus, Streptomyces jingyangensis, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering are 1 by nutrient solution volume ratio:1.2‑1.6:0.5‑0.7:1.2‑1.5:The mixture of 0.6 0.9 compositions.The improvement in salt-soda soil particularly heavy metal pollution salt-soda soil can be effectively realized using modifying agent of the present invention and with reference to modification method of the present invention, the improvement requirement in salt-soda soil is fundamentally solved, while low cost of the present invention, is capable of achieving resource reutilization, environmental pollution is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to soil improvement field, and in particular to a kind of heavy metal pollution alkaline land modifying agent and modification method.
Background technology
The salinization of soil is destroyed than larger to soil physico-chemical property, and pole is unfavorable for the growth of many crops, easily causes work
Thing is short of seedling or dead, so as to hinder the development of agricultural economy.Salt-soda soil is more due to salt content, and organic quality is few, and acid-base value is high, makes
Agron suffers leaching loss, and soil texture is destroyed, and is sticked when showing as wet, and hard when doing, native table often has white salinity accumulation,
Ventilation, it is permeable bad, serious meeting cause plant wilt, poisoning and rotten death.In addition, surface soil alkalinity is too big, soil is had influence on
The validity of the nutrients such as phosphorus, iron, manganese, boron, zinc in earth, easily causes a large amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium essential element and iron, calcium, boron
Deng the shortage of trace element.According to statistics, Chinese saline-alkali soil area there are about more than 20 ten thousand square kilometres, constitute about China's territory total area
2.1%.Up to the present China about also have 80% or so saline-alkali soil not to be developed.It is increasingly tight in land resource
The today opened, the exploitation of large area saline-alkali wasteland and the preventing and treating of the salinization of soil have become influence China's economy and society
The major issue of sustainable development.
Existing conventional modification method has chemical modifying, physically improved, organic fertilizer improvement and biological modification etc..Soil
The kind of modifying agent has such as mineral substance, organic matter, artificial synthesized macromolecular compound, effective microorganism preparation, sulphur-bentonite
Deng.These modifying agents are generally common liquid body fertilizer material ﹑ farm manures or organic matter, and nutrient content is than relatively low, though can be supplemented for soil
Certain nutrient, but the improvement of soil physico-chemical property is have ignored, nutrient is difficult release, neither takes stopgap measures nor effects a permanent cure.Beneficial micro- life
Thing type of preparation is various, and the improved effect of most of microbial bacterial agents reported or produced is general, mainly microbial bacterial agent
Be difficult to survive and breed under alkaline land soil environment and played so as to limit its effect, although some microbial bacterial agent effects compared with
It is good, but it is expensive.
CN106278705A discloses a kind of alkaline land improving fertilizer special for organic and its preparation method and application, organic fertilizer by
Following components in percentage by weight is constituted：Edible oil and fat decolouring spent bleaching clay 90%~92%, middle micro- 1%~6%, it is saline and alkaline
Ground improved materials 2%~9%；Middle trace element is consisted of the following components in percentage by weight：Potassium sulfate 35~65%, ammonium sulfate
30~60%, zinc sulfate 1~4%, borax 0.5~2%；Alkaline land improving material is consisted of the following components in percentage by weight：
Desulfurization gypsum powder 70~100%, sofril 0~30%.The preparation method of organic fertilizer is：By edible oil and fat decolourize spent bleaching clay, in
, according to described percentage by weight mixing and stirring, the pH of dilution is passed through in then addition for trace element and alkaline land improving material
The acid conditioner of value, is uniformly mixed, and the pH value for adjusting mixture is 3~4, obtains alkaline land improving fertilizer special for organic, pH value
Acid conditioner is consisted of the following components in percentage by weight：Gustatory production wastewater 60~80%, steel and iron industry H2SO4Pickling is given up
Liquid 10~20%, steel and iron industry HCL pickle liquors 10~20%, the consumption of pH value acidity conditioner is the 5- of total weight of the mixture
20%.The organic fertilizer of the patent uses edible oil and fat decolouring spent bleaching clay in alkaline land improving first, but it is not to edible
The content of grease is illustrated in grease-decolor spent bleaching clay.Meanwhile, it uses steel and iron industry hydrochloric acid and sulphur pickle liquor regulation pH,
Because Cr is contained in iron and steel pickling waste liquid the inside, this can cause substantial amounts of Cr to enter soil, cause the secondary pollution of soil, and past
Hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid waste are added in spent bleaching clay, the microorganism in spent bleaching clay are all killed, destroy the environment of the growth of microorganism,
Unnecessary grease in spent bleaching clay can not be decomposed by the microorganisms, while the nutrients that plant easily absorbs can not be converted it into
Matter, the macronutrient in spent bleaching clay can not be absorbed and used by plants.Additionally, spent bleaching clay addition is up to more than 90%, and
, without consumption, containing substantial amounts of nutrient, single fertilization is excessive, can cause the excessive growth of plant, hinders flower_bud formation for grease
With bloom, be formulated be unfavorable on the whole that soil granular is formed in addition.For summary, although the organic fertilizer of the patent is using spent bleaching clay
It is raw material, but but spent bleaching clay is not utilized well, it is impossible to fundamentally solves the improvement requirement in salt-soda soil.
CN103320137B discloses a kind of composite microbiological bacteriocin saline-alkali soil improver, and described modifying agent includes micro- life
Thing, organic liquor and matrix.Described microorganism includes bacillus subtilis (Bacillussubtilis) and bacillus megaterium
(Bacillusmegaterium), the ratio of weight and number of described bacillus subtilis and bacillus megaterium is：Withered grass gemma
Bacillus 60~80；Bacillus megaterium 20~40, the bacillus subtilis is that the bacillus subtilis is bacillus subtilis
Bacterium CGMCC7296, bacillus subtilis CGMCC7297, the mixture of bacillus subtilis CGMCC7298；The huge gemma
Bacillus is CGMCC 7337.Described organic liquor includes the protease that described microbial bacterial agent fermentation is produced, lipase, α-
Amylase, amino acid.Described matrix includes chicken manure or cow dung, lignite, ground phosphate rock, medical stone.Described chicken manure or cow dung pass through
Cross 200~400 DEG C of high-temperature sterilizations；Described lignite is containing 20% humic acid；The ground phosphate rock, medical stone are more than 300 mesh.
The patent formulation is complicated, production inconvenience, with the addition of the nutriment that a large amount of growth of microorganism need, relatively costly, and salt-soda soil
Hardened environment under, growth of microorganism and breeding are limited, and regulation effect is not good.
Compared to general salt-soda soil, the improvement in the salt-soda soil of heavy metal pollution administers increasingly difficult, and one is pollutant in soil
Poor mobility in earth, the holdup time is long, be unable to natural degradation, dilution, flowing, extension that can over time in salt-soda soil all the more
Enrichment, the plant planted in harm salt-soda soil；Two is, because salt content is high and in alkalescence, plant survival rate is very low, to improve naturally
It is extremely slow.A kind of low cost is provided and modifying agent and the improvement side of heavy metal pollution Saline-alkali Field Control requirement can be fundamentally solved
Method is significant.
The content of the invention
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of improved heavy metal pollution alkaline land modifying agent based on spent bleaching clay, should
Modifying agent can effectively realize heavy metal pollution alkaline land improving, and the improvement for fundamentally solving heavy metal pollution salt-soda soil will
Ask, while low cost of the present invention.
The present invention also provides a kind of modification method in heavy metal pollution salt-soda soil simultaneously, and the method is easy to operate and can be effective
Realize heavy metal pollution alkaline land improving.
To achieve the above object, a kind of technical scheme that the present invention takes is as follows for the present invention：
A kind of heavy metal pollution alkaline land modifying agent based on spent bleaching clay, by weight percentage, its composition of raw materials includes
Spent bleaching clay 45-80%, complex micro organism fungicide 0.5-2%, humic acid 5-15%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 3-10%, calcium carbonate 2-
5%th, citric acid 1-6% and polyaluminium sulfate 2-19.5%, described complex micro organism fungicide is bacillus subtilis, lichens
Bacillus, bacillus laterosporus, Streptomyces jingyangensis, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering are 1 by nutrient solution volume ratio:1.2-1.6:0.5-
0.7:1.2-1.5:The mixture of 0.6-0.9 compositions.
Preferably, complex micro organism fungicide is bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus laterosporus, Jingyang chain
Mould, the volume ratio of bacillusmusilaginosiengineering nutrient solution are 1:1.4-1.5:0.5-0.6:1.2-1.3:It is mixed that 0.8-0.9 is constituted
Compound.Most preferably, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus laterosporus, Streptomyces jingyangensis, gel-shaped gemma bar
The volume ratio of bacteria culture fluid is 1:1.5:0.6:1.3:0.8.
According to the present invention, the spent bleaching clay is useless white grease-decolor treatment.In oil and fat refining process, typically add atlapulgite
Decolourized, the oil that the carclazyte being separated after grease-decolor treatment contains 20-30%.Contain 20-30%'s for these
The carclazyte of oil, some producers can carry out secondary deep squeezing, obtain the oil-containing spent bleaching clay of miscella and oil-containing 5-8%.The present invention
Can be using the spent bleaching clay of these spent bleaching clays or oil-containing 5-8% containing 20-30% oil.However, as preferred scheme of the invention,
It is preferred that it is the spent bleaching clay of 12wt%-15wt% to use oil content, on the one hand, show by inventor's lot of experiments, oil-containing
Rate provides good growing environment for the breeding that the spent bleaching clay of 10wt%-18wt% can be good at described complex microorganism,
Mixed with microorganism with the spent bleaching clay that oil content is 5-8%, not enough support the growth of long-term microorganism, it is necessary to additionally add battalion again
The normal growth that material just can guarantee that microorganism is supported, is such as mixed with microorganism with the spent bleaching clay without after-treatment, applied
To in alkaline land soil, microbes have little time to decompose, and cause substantial amounts of grease to be full of in soil, can so cause substantial amounts of
Air can not come in, and cause microorganism and be unable to normal growth.On the other hand, inventor is had found by by containing after decolouring
The spent bleaching clay of 20-30% can obtain the spent bleaching clay that oil content is 12-15% by normal temperature physical squeezing.It is therefore especially preferred that 12-
15% spent bleaching clay is used as raw material of the invention, it is possible to achieve minimization of cost is (in oil and fat refining process, usually using oil weight 2-
5% carclazyte is decolourized, by the general grease for being adsorbed with 20-50% in the spent bleaching clay after decolouring, then again to decolouring after
Spent bleaching clay carry out after-treatment, reduce the content of the inside grease, the handling process of existing market mainly has solvent extraction, height
The treated spent bleaching clay of warm physical squeezing method, wherein solvent extraction, oil content inside it than relatively low, substantially grease all by
Extract, but using and wasting for substantial amounts of solvent can be caused, simultaneously because using a large amount of solvents, increasing substantial amounts of being processed into
This, causes treatment spent bleaching clay economic benefit not high；Spent bleaching clay is processed by high-temperature physics milling process, the oil content inside it is general
In 5-8% or so, this method needs to use heated by natural gas, can also increase processing cost, can be big using normal temperature physical squeezing
Width reduces cost) while obtain optimal effect.
Preferably, the composition of raw materials of heavy metal pollution alkaline land modifying agent of the invention includes spent bleaching clay 55-70%, is combined
Microbial bacterial agent 0.5-2%, humic acid 6-12%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 3-10%, calcium carbonate 2-5%, citric acid 2-5% and poly-
Close aluminum sulfate 8-15%.
According to the present invention, each component for constituting above-mentioned raw materials formula is individually packed.
The present invention also provides a kind of heavy metal pollution saline and alkali land improvement method, and it uses the present invention above-mentioned based on spent bleaching clay
Heavy metal pollution alkaline land modifying agent, and comprise the following steps：
(1) complex micro organism fungicide is added in spent bleaching clay, controls temperature to be kept for 3-5 weeks for 28-35 DEG C, make microorganism
Breeding, obtains modifying agent component A；
(2) using citric acid as modifying agent B component, it is uniformly sprinkling upon saline and alkaline the earth's surface, is then turned over and spread
Water, is kept for 5-15 days；
(3) uniformly are sprinkling upon for it as modifying agent C components by humic acid, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium carbonate, polyaluminium sulfate
Saline and alkaline the earth's surface, is then turned over, and is kept for 3-5 days；
(4) modifying agent component A is uniformly sprinkling upon the saline and alkaline the earth's surface processed by step (3), and is turned over, make to mix
Close uniform, kept for 5-10 days.
Be added to citric acid in soil first by the inventive method, is mainly to activate and activate the heavy metal in soil,
Then humic acid, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium carbonate, polyaluminium sulfate are added in soil carries out the solidification stabilization of heavy metal-polluted soil
Change, finally again add component A, further the heavy metal ion in absorption and curing soil such that it is able to process to greatest extent
Heavy metal ion in soil, reaches improvement purpose.
Further, the preparation method of the complex micro organism fungicide is：By bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis,
Bacillus laterosporus, Streptomyces jingyangensis, the bacterium powder of bacillusmusilaginosiengineering are made each after being cultivated respectively through activation and domestication
Nutrient solution, then obtain final product nutrient solution is well mixed.Bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus laterosporus, Jingyang
Streptomycete, the bacterium powder of bacillusmusilaginosiengineering have learned that, can by commercially available, activation and domestication and culture method according to
And known program or the mode of producer's suggestion are carried out.
Preferably, in every gram of modifying agent component A, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus laterosporus,
Streptomyces jingyangensis, the viable count of bacillusmusilaginosiengineering are respectively greater than 3.5x108、2.7x108、3.5x107、3.0x108With
2.0x108。
Further, in step (1), during holding, 3-4 ventilation is stirred weekly.And preferably kept for 3 weeks.
Further, in step (2), ploughed depth is 18-25cm, preferably from about 20cm.Water is spread so that soil layer of turning over is wet
Profit.Preferably, kept for 5-10 days in the step.
Further, in step (3), ploughed depth is 18-25cm, preferably from about 20cm.
Further, in step (3), ploughed depth is 18-25cm, preferably from about 20cm.
According to the present invention, the dosage of modifying agent can accordingly be added according to the saline and alkaline of soil and heavy metal pollution situation.
General, the dosage of modifying agent is 150-200kg/ mus.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：
(1) spent bleaching clay can be neutralized in acidity with the salt-soda soil in alkalescence, coordinate the use of microorganism, can be effective
Reduce the pH value of alkaline land soil, at the same spent bleaching clay can be microorganism in the soil provide nutrient required for breeding and
Do not result in excessive fertilization and cause plant excessive growth simultaneously.
(2) present invention pass through experimental studies have found that, by bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus laterosporus, river rising in Ningxia and flowing into central Shaanxi
After positive streptomycete, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering mix in specific proportions, can be reached in the environment in salt-soda soil in the presence of spent bleaching clay
To symplastic growth and breeding, if lacking jelly bacillus, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus laterosporus and Jingyang in microbial inoculum
Streptomycete cannot survive discovery substantially, if removing bacillus licheniformis, be had when mix bacterium agent is mixed substantial amounts of miscellaneous
Bacterium produces, so as to suppress the growth of beneficial bacterium in microbial inoculum, causes the quality of microbial inoculum between a batch unstable, causes to saline and alkaline
Ground repairing effect does not reach requirement, the compounding of this several microbial inoculum, it is possible to increase its collaboration resistance alkali ability, can be in salt-soda soil soil
Fermented well in earth, support the growth in saline and alkaline aerial plant.
(3) humic acid is added in inventive formulation, the pH of alkaline land soil on the one hand can be reduced, on the other hand can be changed
It is apt to living environment of the microorganism in salt-soda soil, while substantial amounts of growth elements can also be provided for the growth of plant.In formula
Calcium ion can chemically react with carbanion in salt-soda soil and bicarbonate ion in calcium salt and spent bleaching clay, generate carbonic acid
Calcium and calcium bicarbonate, wherein calcium carbonate are water insoluble, and calcium bicarbonate is slightly soluble in water, and the property of calcium carbonate and calcium bicarbonate can promote
Zinc fractions spherulitic texture, spherulitic texture, while reducing the unit weight of soil, the logical of soil can be increased with wrapping portion sodium ion
It is aqueous.The heavy metal and OH that cause in soil are changed by ion simultaneously-、PO4 3-、CO3 2-、SO4 2-Etc. precipitation is combined into, so as to have
Heavy metal in the rehabilitating soil of effect.The polyaluminium sulfate added in formula, by the substantial amounts of AL of ion exchange3+Into soil
In, colloid is formed with the water in soil, the formation of the crumb structure of soil is promoted, increased the gas permeability of soil and permeable
Property, so that the microorganism in soil substantial amounts of can breed, heavy metal that can effectively in rehabilitating soil.Lemon in formula
On the one hand lemon acid can adjust the pH in salt-soda soil, on the other hand can activate and activate the heavy metal ion in soil, contribute to
Heavy metal ion and OH-、PO4 3-、CO3 2-、SO4 2-Etc. being combined into precipitation.Whole recipe ingredient synergies, effectively improve saline and alkaline
Ground and removes removing heavy metals at soil.
(4) raw material used is finally converted to plant growth and can absorb the element for utilizing in being formulated, and does not result in soil
Secondary pollution, and wherein realize the resource reutilization of spent bleaching clay, help to reduce environmental pollution.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described in detail, and unreceipted condition is in embodiment
The conventional condition in this area.When the consumption or dosage or content of material is addressed, unless stated otherwise, weight is referred both to.Below
The complex micro organism fungicide used in embodiment, preparation method is as follows：Microbial bacteria by commercially available, and using it is preceding according to
Known program or producer suggestion mode enter line activating and domestication cultivate, then by bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis,
Bacillus laterosporus, Streptomyces jingyangensis, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering nutrient solution are according to volume ratio 1:1.5:0.6:1.3:0.8 compounding exists
Together, control temperature is at 28-32 DEG C.
Embodiment 1
This example provides a kind of heavy metal pollution alkaline land modifying agent, and by weight percentage, its composition of raw materials includes useless white
Soil 65%, complex micro organism fungicide 1%, humic acid 8%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 6%, calcium carbonate 5%, citric acid 5% and polymerization
Aluminum sulfate 10%.Wherein spent bleaching clay oil content is for about 13-14%.Each component independent packaging.
Embodiment 2
This example provides a kind of heavy metal pollution alkaline land modifying agent, and by weight percentage, its raw material includes spent bleaching clay
55%, complex micro organism fungicide 1.5%, humic acid 10%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 5%, calcium carbonate 4%, citric acid 5% and polymerization
Aluminum sulfate 19.5%.Wherein spent bleaching clay oil content is for about 12-13%.Each component independent packaging.
Embodiment 3
This example provides a kind of heavy metal pollution alkaline land modifying agent, its substantially with embodiment 1, unlike, wherein useless white
Native oil content is for about 6-8%.
Embodiment 4
This example provides a kind of heavy metal pollution alkaline land modifying agent, its substantially with embodiment 1, unlike, wherein useless white
Native oil content is for about 20-22%.
Comparative example 1
This example provides a kind of heavy metal pollution alkaline land modifying agent, its substantially with embodiment 1, unlike, wherein compound
Microbial bacterial agent is bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus laterosporus, Streptomyces jingyangensis in proportion 1:1.5:0.6:
1.3 mixing compositions.
Comparative example 2
This example provides a kind of heavy metal pollution alkaline land modifying agent, its substantially with embodiment 1, unlike, wherein compound
Microbial bacterial agent is bacillus subtilis, bacillus laterosporus, Streptomyces jingyangensis, jelly bacillus in proportion 1:0.6:1.3:
0.8 mixing composition.
Comparative example 3
This example provides a kind of heavy metal pollution alkaline land modifying agent, and by weight percentage, its composition of raw materials includes useless white
Soil 65%, complex micro organism fungicide 1%, humic acid 8%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 11%, citric acid 5% and polyaluminium sulfate
10%, wherein spent bleaching clay oil content is for about 13-14%.Each component independent packaging.
Embodiment 5
Alkaline land improving experiment is carried out using the modifying agent of embodiment 1-4 and comparative example 1-3, it is specific as follows：
1. salt-soda soil situation is tested：Central arid belt in Ningxia Yinchuan City Xingqing District moderate salt affected soil, its pH value 8.65 or so,
Salt-soda soil is divided into 8 homalographic regions, 0.05 mu of each region.
2. for studying thing：Paddy rice, in late April, 2016 sowing, late August harvests.
3. modifying agent consumption：180kg/ mus.
4. method for testing is supplied：First salt-soda soil is improved, then long-term cropping on the soil after improvement, wherein improvement side
Method is as follows：Complex micro organism fungicide in each formula is added in spent bleaching clay, control temperature is for about 30-32 DEG C and is kept for 3 weeks, obtains
To modifying agent component A, wherein viable count is surveyed, as a result referring to table 1；Using citric acid as modifying agent B component, it is uniformly sprinkling upon salt
Alkali the earth's surface, then carries out turning over 20cm and spreads water (wetting), is kept for 7 days, by humic acid, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, carbonic acid
Calcium and polyaluminium sulfate are uniformly sprinkling upon saline and alkaline the earth's surface as modifying agent C components, then carry out turning over 20cm and spread water (wetting
), kept for 5 days, modifying agent component A is uniformly sprinkling upon saline and alkaline the earth's surface, and the 20cm that turns over is carried out, and make to be well mixed, protect
Hold 7 days, the betterment of land is to complete.Detection soil indices, as a result referring to table 2, wherein heavy metal index is shown in Table 3.
Table 1
Table 2
Table 3
| Sequence number | Cadmium (mg/kg) | Chromium (mg/kg) | Lead (mg/kg) | Mercury (mg/kg) | Copper (mg/kg) |
| Blank soil | 2.4089 | 462.3 | 108.6 | 2.3963 | 135.6 |
| Embodiment 1 | 0.8868 | 246.3 | 63.22 | 0.7689 | 66.36 |
| Embodiment 2 | 0.8812 | 249.9 | 66.01 | 0.7584 | 64.98 |
| Embodiment 3 | 1.3245 | 359.6 | 91.12 | 1.324 | 109.1 |
| Embodiment 4 | 1.3589 | 355.3 | 92.19 | 1.341 | 105.2 |
| Comparative example 1 | 2.3598 | 361.3 | 94.21 | 1.311 | 105.8 |
| Comparative example 2 | 2.3345 | 360.1 | 92.46 | 1.321 | 113.8 |
| Comparative example 3 | 1.3201 | 357.4 | 94.99 | 1.309 | 111.2 |
General planting and fertilizing management further are carried out according to conventional crop to the soil after the completion of improvement, is inserted in paddy rice
Before seedling, with reference to site preparation, regular job is pressed in field management and water management.Indices to crop detect, as a result referring to
Table 4.Further, it was observed that, the corresponding paddy rice of comparative example 1 and 2, every fringe overhead grain number and flat grain number (averagely about 79/fringe) are substantially
More than other examples (averagely about 40-60/fringe), bear fruit grains (averagely about 65-70) are significantly lower than other examples (averagely about 80-90).
Table 4
| Sequence number | Plant height (cm) | Spike length (cm) | Yield (kg/ mus) | ||
| Embodiment 1 | 88.6 | 30 | 498 | 18.3 | 705.9 |
| Embodiment 2 | 87.9 | 30 | 502 | 18.2 | 700.6 |
| Embodiment 3 | 84.2 | 30 | 445 | 14.4 | 546.3 |
| Embodiment 4 | 85.6 | 30 | 446 | 15.6 | 578.2 |
| Comparative example 1 | 84.6 | 30 | 423 | 16.9 | 622.6 |
| Comparative example 2 | 82.9 | 30 | 438 | 16.2 | 590.1 |
| Comparative example 3 | 86.3 | 30 | 466 | 17.6 | 638.4 |
Above result of the test shows, can successfully realize that heavy metal is dirty using the modifying agent and modification method of inventive formulation
The improvement in salt-soda soil is contaminated, improved effect is notable.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of heavy metal pollution alkaline land modifying agent based on spent bleaching clay, it is characterised in that：By weight percentage, it is described heavy
The composition of raw materials of metallic pollution alkaline land modifying agent includes spent bleaching clay 45-80%, complex micro organism fungicide 0.5-2%, humic acid
5-15%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 3-10%, calcium carbonate 2-5%, citric acid 1-6% and polyaluminium sulfate 2-19.5%, it is described
Complex micro organism fungicide is bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus laterosporus, Streptomyces jingyangensis, gel-shaped gemma
Bacillus is 1 by nutrient solution volume ratio:1.2-1.6:0.5-0.7:1.2-1.5:The mixture of 0.6-0.9 compositions.
2. the heavy metal pollution alkaline land modifying agent based on spent bleaching clay according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described
Complex micro organism fungicide is bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus laterosporus, Streptomyces jingyangensis, gel-shaped gemma
The volume ratio of bacillus nutrient solution is 1:1.4-1.5:0.5-0.6:1.2-1.3:The mixture of 0.8-0.9 compositions.
3. the heavy metal pollution alkaline land modifying agent based on spent bleaching clay according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described useless
Carclazyte is that grease-decolor processes spent bleaching clay, and its oil content is 12wt%-15wt%.
4. the heavy metal pollution alkaline land improving based on spent bleaching clay according to any one of claims 1 to 3 claim
Agent, it is characterised in that：The each component of the composition above-mentioned raw materials is individually packed.
5. a kind of heavy metal pollution saline and alkali land improvement method, it is characterised in that：The method is using any in such as Claims 1-4
The heavy metal pollution alkaline land modifying agent based on spent bleaching clay described in item claim, and comprise the following steps：
(1) complex micro organism fungicide is added in spent bleaching clay, controls temperature to be kept for 3-5 weeks for 28-35 DEG C, make microorganism numerous
Grow, obtain modifying agent component A；
(2) using citric acid as modifying agent B component, it is uniformly sprinkling upon saline and alkaline the earth's surface, is then turned over and spread water, protected
Hold 5-15 days；
(3) uniformly are sprinkling upon for it saline and alkaline by humic acid, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium carbonate, polyaluminium sulfate as modifying agent C components
The earth's surface, is then turned over, and is kept for 3-5 days；
(4) modifying agent component A is uniformly sprinkling upon the saline and alkaline the earth's surface processed by step (3), and is turned over, make mixing equal
It is even, kept for 5-10 days.
6. heavy metal pollution saline and alkali land improvement method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Every gram of modifying agent A
In component, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus laterosporus, Streptomyces jingyangensis, the viable bacteria of bacillusmusilaginosiengineering
Number is respectively greater than 3.5x108、2.7x108、3.5x107、3.0x108And 2.0x108。
7. heavy metal pollution saline and alkali land improvement method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The composite microbial bacteria
The preparation method of agent is：By bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus laterosporus, Streptomyces jingyangensis, gel-shaped gemma
Then be well mixed for nutrient solution and obtain final product by the bacterium powder of bacillus respectively through respective nutrient solution is made after activation and domestication culture.
8. heavy metal pollution saline and alkali land improvement method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：In step (1), keeping
During, 3-4 ventilation is stirred weekly.
9. heavy metal pollution saline and alkali land improvement method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Step (2) is to step (4)
In, ploughed depth is respectively 18-25cm.
10. the heavy metal pollution alkaline land modifying agent based on spent bleaching clay as described in any one of Claims 1-4 claim
Application in heavy metal pollution alkaline land improving.
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