CN106822641A - 一种早熟梨梨膏 - Google Patents

一种早熟梨梨膏 Download PDF

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CN106822641A
CN106822641A CN201710106214.0A CN201710106214A CN106822641A CN 106822641 A CN106822641 A CN 106822641A CN 201710106214 A CN201710106214 A CN 201710106214A CN 106822641 A CN106822641 A CN 106822641A
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bulbus fritillariae
fritillariae cirrhosae
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邢立刚
余琼
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Yangtze Normal University
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种早熟梨梨膏,其特征在于,由早熟梨及中草药采用如下质量配比制得:早熟梨300份‑600份、沙参10‑20份、麦冬10‑15份、枇杷叶10‑20份、紫菀10‑20份、款冬花5‑10份,百合10‑30份、桔梗10‑20份、白前10‑20份、川贝母5‑15份、芦根10‑30份、甘草5‑10份、菊花10‑20份和蜂蜜100份。其制备方法包括将早熟梨榨汁过滤浓缩和用回流提取法提取川贝母中和麦冬中的有效成分,将其他中药加水煎煮,最后混合并加入蜂蜜。本发明药物配伍科学合理,诸药协同增效,具有清心润肺,止咳化痰和抗炎的功效,对阴虚肺热、久咳、口燥咽干和炎症具有极佳的治疗效果,并且具有成本低,服用方便和安全无副作用的优点。

Description

一种早熟梨梨膏
技术领域
本发明涉及保健食品加工领域;特别是一种早熟梨梨膏。
背景技术
梨中含有B族维生素,对心脏有益,能够缓解疲劳,加强心肌力度,恢复血压,同时具有清心、润肺,利大小肠的功效;梨中含有的其他成分如配糖体和鞣酸等能止咳、祛痰;梨性凉,能够清喉,降火,镇静,减轻头晕目眩的症状,含有的果胶具有助消化、通便的作用,具有非常丰富的营养价值。早熟梨相对与一般品种的梨来讲具有更高的食疗和营养价值,但是早熟梨产量大,容易滞销,不易储藏,会造成严重的浪费。秋季,天气干燥,很多人都会出现口干舌燥、肺热烦渴等症状,严重的更会导致呼吸道疾病,如未及时诊治,可能会引起慢性咽炎等疾病,不易治愈。尤其是针对老年人和幼儿中来讲,此类症状比较普遍,而一般治疗这些症状的产品多为为西药,口感不理想,还会对药物产生依赖性,因此人们也不愿意服用。
如果早熟梨只是作为水果、罐头或者果脯蜜饯等,则会大大降低早熟梨的营养价值,目前市场上存在多种梨膏,将梨汁进行浓缩,但一般口感不理想,功能单一,保健效果也不突出。我国公开号CN 102451403 A所公开的一种甜梨膏的制备方法,将梨打成糊状,再添加麦冬、生甘草用水煮后浓缩,最后加蜂蜜,调成膏状,但是止咳、消炎效果不是很有效,同时用水煮的方法对中药药物中的有效成分进行提取,提取方法不完善,还会造成中药药物的浪费。
发明内容
针对上述现有技术的不足,本发明所要解决的技术问题是:怎样提供一种早熟梨梨膏,结合早熟梨的特性加以中药进行配比,采用合适的制备方法更好的提取中药药物中的有效成分,达到止咳、消炎的效果。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明采用了如下的技术方案:
一种早熟梨梨膏,其特征在于,由早熟梨及中草药采用如下质量配比制得:早熟梨300份-600份、沙参10-20份、麦冬10-15份、枇杷叶10-20份、紫菀10-20份、款冬花5-10份,百合10-30份、桔梗10-20份、白前10-20份、川贝母5-15份、芦根10-30份、甘草5-10份、菊花10-20份和蜂蜜100份。
本发明中,沙参,性甘、微苦、微寒主归肺、胃经,功效,养阴清肺,益胃生津;麦冬,性甘、微苦、微寒,主归肺、胃、心经,功效,养阴润肺、益臂生津、淸心除烦、益气、润肠;枇杷叶,性苦、微寒,主归肺、胃经,功效,清肺化痰止咳、降逆止呕、蜜炙用;紫菀,性辛、甘、苦、温,主归肺经,功效,润肺化痰止咳;款冬花,性性辛、温、无毒,主归肺经,功效,润肺止咳化痰;百合,性甘、微寒,归肺、心经,功效,润肺止咳、清心安神;桔梗,性苦、辛、平,主归肺经,功效,宣肺化痰、利咽、排脓;白前,性辛、苦、微温,主归肺经,功效,降气化痰;川贝母,性苦、甘、微寒,主归肺、心经,功效,淸化热痰、润肺止咳、散结消肿;芦根,性甘、寒,主归肺、胃经,功效,清热生津、除烦止呕;甘草,性甘、平,主归脾、肺、心经,功效,益气健脾、祛痰止咳、缓急止痛、清热解毒、缓和药性;菊花,性辛、甘、苦、微寒,主归肺、肝经,功效,疏散风热、清利头目、平抑肝阳;蜂蜜:性甘,平,主归脾、肺、大肠经。功效,补中缓急、润肺止咳、滑肠通便、解毒疗疮。
本技术方案中,将上述各药物进行科学配比,诸药协同增效,川贝母、枇杷叶、百合、甘草共起润燥、止咳、化痰的功效;沙参、麦冬、芦根清肺热;沙参对于肺部炎症有治疗作用;甘草、麦冬对于慢性咽炎有疗效;白前具有镇痛、抗炎作用;紫菀、款冬花配伍,抗炎效果更优。
作为上述技术方案的进一步优化,制备方法步骤如下:
①早熟梨洗净,榨汁,收集过滤梨汁,浓缩,得到梨汁浓缩液;
②川贝母粉碎,回流提取法提取川贝母中有效成分,形成提取液;
③麦冬粉碎,回流提取法提取麦冬总皂苷,形成提取液;
④沙参、枇杷叶、紫菀、款冬花、百合、桔梗、白前、芦根、甘草和菊花加水煎煮,过滤,浓缩后与川贝母提取液和麦冬提取液合并得到中药浓缩液;
⑤中药浓缩液与梨汁浓缩液合并并浓缩形成浓缩液,所述浓缩液中加入蜂蜜混匀制成梨膏,得到成品。
本发明中,主要采用回流提取法对川贝母中的有效成分生物碱和麦冬的有效成分麦冬总皂苷进行提取,避免了在川贝母煎煮法中存在的较多的无效成分淀粉,并且煎煮法提取的成分呈糊状,不利于有效成分的提取和梨膏的制作,而回流提取法提取的有效成分生物碱含量较高,能够更好的提取川贝母中的生物碱;麦冬主要成份为总皂苷,在煎煮法中,会存在比较多的无效成份粘液质,影响后期的浓缩精制,而采用回流提取法提取麦冬总皂苷,获得的总皂苷含量较高。采用回流提取法更能将川贝母和麦冬中的有效进行提出,而且精度高,保证物尽其用,之后再加入各种中药进行辅佐,能进一步提高药效。将提取液与梨汁浓缩液合并之后进一步浓缩,并加入蜂蜜,能够改善口感,并且蜂蜜具有润肺止咳,滑肠通便的功效,进一步增加了梨膏的药效,本制备方法科学合理,能够将各个药物的成分进行合理的提取,避免浪费。
作为优化,步骤②中,采用所述回流提取法提取所述川贝母中有效成分,所述回流提取法采用乙醇体积分数为75%的乙醇,所述乙醇质量为所述川贝母质量的7倍,回流提取3次,每次1.5小时。
这样,针对川贝母提取有效成分采用的回流提取法中采用的乙醇浓度、乙醇倍数、提取次数和提取时间是经过多次试验进行优化所得到的最佳条件。在此种条件下能够更好的将川贝母中有效成分进行提取,同等质量的川贝母在此种条件下,提取出的有效成分质量最高,能够更好的发挥川贝母的药物作用,并且能够物尽其用,避免浪费。
作为优化,步骤③中,采用所述回流提取法提取所述麦冬总皂苷,所述回流提取法采用乙醇体积分数为80%的乙醇,所述乙醇质量为所述麦冬质量的10倍,回流提取3次,每次1 小时。
这样,针对麦冬提取有效成分采用的回流提取法中采用的乙醇浓度、乙醇倍数、提取次数和提取时间是经过多次试验进行优化所得到的最佳条件。在此种条件下能够更好的将麦冬中的总皂苷进行提取,同等质量的麦冬在此种条件下,提取出的总皂苷质量最高,能够更好的发挥麦冬的药物作用,并且能够物尽其用,避免浪费。
作为优化,步骤④中,所述加水煎煮时所加水的质量为所述沙参、枇杷叶、紫菀、款冬花、百合、桔梗、白前、芦根、甘草和菊花的总质量的5倍,并且煎煮3次,每次煎煮30分钟。
这样,煎药时药物中的有效成分首先会溶解在进入药物组织的水液中,然后再扩散到药物外部的水液中,所以加入水的质量为药物总质量的5倍是为了让药物中的有效成分能够充分溶解。当药物内外溶液的浓度达到平衡时,因渗透压平衡,有效成分就不再溶出了。这时,只有将药液滤出,重新加水煎煮,有效成分才能继续溶出。为了充分溶出药物有效成分,避免药药物的浪费,煎煮三次,每次煎煮30分钟为最佳条件。
综上所述,本发明药物配伍科学合理,诸药协同增效,具有清心润肺,止咳化痰和抗炎的功效,对阴虚肺热、久咳、口燥咽干和炎症具有极佳的治疗效果,并且具有成本低,服用方便和安全无副作用的优点。
具体实施方式
下面列举部分配方实例。
实施例1:一种早熟梨梨膏,制备方法步骤如下:
①早熟梨300份洗净,榨汁,收集过滤梨汁,浓缩,得到梨汁浓缩液;
②川贝母15份,粉碎,回流提取法提取川贝母有效成分,回流提取法采用乙醇体积分数为75%的乙醇70 ml,回流提取3次,每次1.5小时,形成提取液;
③麦冬15份,粉碎,回流提取法提取麦冬总皂苷,回流提取法采用乙醇体积分数为80%的乙醇100 ml,回流提取3次,每次1小时,形成提取液;
④沙参20份、枇杷叶20份、紫菀20份、款冬花10份、百合30份、桔梗20份、白前20份、芦根30份、甘草10份、菊花20份,以上中药混合,并加入质量为1000 ml的水,煎煮三次,每次煎煮30分钟,过滤,浓缩后得浓缩液,并与川贝母提取液和麦冬提取液合并得到中药浓缩液;
⑤中药浓缩液与梨汁浓缩液合并浓缩形成100 ml浓缩液,加蜂蜜100份混匀制成梨膏,得到成品。
实施例2:一种早熟梨梨膏,制备方法步骤如下:
①早熟梨400份洗净,榨汁,收集过滤梨汁,浓缩,得到梨汁浓缩液;
②川贝母15份,粉碎,回流提取法提取川贝母有效成分,回流提取法采用乙醇体积分数为75%的乙醇105 ml,回流提取3次,每次1.5小时,形成提取液;
③麦冬15份,粉碎,回流提取法提取麦冬总皂苷,回流提取法采用乙醇体积分数为80%的乙醇150 ml,回流提取3次,每次1 小时,形成提取液;
④沙参20份、枇杷叶15份、紫菀15份、款冬花5份、百合25份、桔梗15份、白前15份、芦根25份、甘草10份、菊花15份,以上中药混合,并加入质量为800 ml的水,煎煮三次,每次煎煮30分钟,过滤,浓缩后得浓缩液,并与川贝母提取液和麦冬提取液合并得到中药浓缩液;
⑤中药浓缩液与梨汁浓缩液合并浓缩形成100 ml浓缩液,加蜂蜜100份混匀制成梨膏,得到成品。
实施例3:一种早熟梨梨膏,制备方法步骤如下:
①早熟梨600份洗净,榨汁,收集过滤梨汁,浓缩,得到梨汁浓缩液;
②川贝母15份,粉碎,回流提取法提取川贝母有效成分,回流提取法采用乙醇体积分数为75%的乙醇105 ml,回流提取3次,每次1.5小时,形成提取液;
③麦冬15份,粉碎,回流提取法提取麦冬总皂苷,回流提取法采用乙醇体积分数为80%的乙醇150 ml,回流提取3次,每次1 小时,形成提取液;
④沙参20份、枇杷叶20份、紫菀20份、款冬花10份、百合30份、桔梗15份、白前15份、芦根30份、甘草10份、菊花20份,以上中药混合,并加入质量为950 ml的水,煎煮三次,每次煎煮30分钟,过滤,浓缩后得浓缩液,并与川贝母提取液和麦冬提取液合并得到中药浓缩液;
⑤中药浓缩液与梨汁浓缩液合并浓缩形成100 ml浓缩液,加蜂蜜100份混匀制成梨膏,得到成品。
临床效果介绍:采用实施例1所述的制备方法,制得早熟梨梨膏,服用所述早熟梨膏每次15ml,早、中、晚各一次,用温开水化开后再服用,每天共服三次。儿童酌减,服3天后,咳嗽症状会减轻,尤其久咳,干咳的患者效果会更明显,对咽痛有显著效果。坚持服用半月左右可以痊愈。对肺燥、阴虚咳嗽,其中如干咳、久咳、无痰或少痰的症状具有独特疗效。
部分病例介绍:
病例1:张某,男,53岁,症状:咳嗽、咳少量痰、发热、气喘,咽痛,食欲减退,睡眠欠佳等。查体,咽充血明显,双肺呼吸音粗,可闻及痰鸣音和或喘鸣音。服用本发明实施例所述早熟梨梨膏,每次15ml,早、中、晚各一次,用温开水化开后再服用,共服三次。经过服本发明早熟梨梨膏6天后,患者咳嗽改善,咽痛减轻,后继续服用6天,患者痊愈。
病例2:张某,女,32岁,症状:干咳、咽喉痛,无痰、恶心、食欲欠佳等。服用本发明实施例所述早熟梨梨膏每次15ml,早、中、晚各一次,用温开水化开后再服用,共服三次。服8天后患者干咳明显改善,咽痛减轻,食欲恢复,后继续服用6天,患者痊愈。
病例3:张某,女,25岁,症状:咳嗽、气喘、有痰、咽喉痛,发热等。查体,双肺有痰鸣音、喘鸣音。服用本发明实施例所述早熟梨梨膏每次15ml,早、中、晚各一次,用温开水化开后再服用,共服三次。服7天后,患者咳嗽症状消失,咽痛消失,双肺痰鸣音消失。后继续服用5天,患者痊愈。
病例4:刘某某,男,37岁,症状:喉咙干、痒 ,干咳,干呕,食欲不振等。服用本发明实施例所述早熟梨梨膏每次15ml,早、中、晚各一次,用温开水化开后再服用,共服三次。服4天后患者干咳明显改善,咽痛减轻,食欲恢复,后继续服用4天,患者痊愈。
病例5:王某,女,23岁,症状:咳嗽,钟爱饮料,喉咙干痒,早上起床干呕,口干。服用本发明实施例所述早熟梨梨膏每次15ml,早、中、晚各一次,用温开水化开后再服用,共服三次。服3天后患者干咳明显改善,咽痛减轻,食欲恢复,后继续服用5天,患者痊愈。

Claims (5)

1.一种早熟梨梨膏,其特征在于,由早熟梨及中草药采用如下质量配比制得:早熟梨300份-600份、沙参10-20份、麦冬10-15份、枇杷叶10-20份、紫菀10-20份、款冬花5-10份,百合10-30份、桔梗10-20份、白前10-20份、川贝母5-15份、芦根10-30份、甘草5-10份、菊花10-20份和蜂蜜100份。
2.如权利要求1所述的早熟梨梨膏,其特征在于,制备方法步骤如下:
①早熟梨洗净,榨汁,收集过滤梨汁,浓缩,得到梨汁浓缩液;
②川贝母粉碎,回流提取法提取川贝母中有效成分,形成提取液;
③麦冬粉碎,回流提取法提取麦冬总皂苷,形成提取液;
④沙参、枇杷叶、紫菀、款冬花、百合、桔梗、白前、芦根、甘草和菊花加水煎煮,过滤,浓缩后与川贝母提取液和麦冬提取液合并得到中药浓缩液;
⑤中药浓缩液与梨汁浓缩液合并并浓缩形成浓缩液,所述浓缩液中加入蜂蜜混匀制成梨膏,得到成品。
3.如权利要求2所述的早熟梨梨膏,其特征在于,步骤②中,采用所述回流提取法提取所述川贝母中有效成分,所述回流提取法采用乙醇体积分数为75%的乙醇,所述乙醇质量为所述川贝母质量的7倍,回流提取3次,每次1.5小时。
4.如权利要求2所述的早熟梨梨膏,其特征在于,步骤③中,采用所述回流提取法提取所述麦冬总皂苷,所述回流提取法采用乙醇体积分数为80%的乙醇,所述乙醇质量为所述麦冬质量的10倍,回流提取3次,每次1 小时。
5.如权利要求2所述的早熟梨梨膏,其特征在于,步骤④中,所述加水煎煮时所加水的质量为所述沙参、枇杷叶、紫菀、款冬花、百合、桔梗、白前、芦根、甘草和菊花的总质量的5倍,并且煎煮3次,每次煎煮30分钟。
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