CN106818462A - One kind improves corn hybrid seed throughput techniques - Google Patents
One kind improves corn hybrid seed throughput techniques Download PDFInfo
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- CN106818462A CN106818462A CN201710119540.5A CN201710119540A CN106818462A CN 106818462 A CN106818462 A CN 106818462A CN 201710119540 A CN201710119540 A CN 201710119540A CN 106818462 A CN106818462 A CN 106818462A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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Abstract
Corn hybrid seed throughput techniques are improved the invention discloses one kind, by steps such as the determination of the selection of seed breeding base, density and row ratio, flowering regulation, prediction of flowering period and artificial pollinations, pay attention to the raising of hybrid seed production yields, to ensure the seed needed for Maize Production, improve the economic benefit of seeding farmer and seed production unit, consolidate seed breeding base, it is ensured that balance between supply and demand.
Description
Technical field
Corn hybrid seed throughput techniques are improved the present invention relates to one kind.
Background technology
China is second largest Maize Production state in the world, and cultivated area occupies the third-largest crop after paddy rice, wheat at home,
And total output occupies second, more than 240,000 hectares, development Maize Production is to producing more food and processing for current cultivated area stabilization
Raw material, promote animal husbandry development it is all significant.
How key link during hybrid seeding takes corresponding technical measures, produces high-quality seed,
Give seeding farmer and seeds company best benefit, it has also become the important subject of seed production.
The content of the invention
Corn hybrid seed throughput techniques are improved it is an object of the invention to provide one kind, with solving above-mentioned background technology
The problem of proposition.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following technical scheme：One kind improves corn hybrid seed throughput techniques, bag
Include following steps,
S1, the selection of seed breeding base,
Corn seed producing base is typically chosen in the area that weather cools, day and night temperature is big, can so ensure hybrid seed yield
It is higher, disease relatively pass through, soil fertility concentrated in medium level above, the production of hybrid seeds in flakes and can fill can arrange, the village that isolation condition is good
Society is used as seed breeding base；
S2, density compares with row,
Seed is to harvest seed farm female parent fruit ear, and male parent is only to provide pollen.Therefore, the sufficient feelings of paternal pollen are being ensured
Should try one's best various female parents under condition, increase strain and easily increase grain hardly possible, and to increase maternal density, density is one of constituent element of yield, right
The influence of hybrid seed yield is very big, and hybrid maize seed production should be to strive for one of the Main Means of high yield to increase maternal density, close
The determination of degree will be defined by density test, and density is influenceed by following condition:First it is the plant type of self-mating system, tightly plays type self-mating system
High planting is strong, and density is big, and flat-type self-mating system is smaller；Secondly lodging resistance can increase by force density, and lodging resistance is weak then will
Reduce density；Short bar self-mating system density is big, and the self-mating system density of bar self-mating system high particularly Ear height is smaller；Other gas
The external conditions such as time, soil, production are also to determine the factor that density be can not ignore；If male parent tassel branch is more, pollen amount big,
Flowering time is long and without abortion, and male parent then can suitably increase capable ratio, typically using l higher than female parent:4 or l:5 kinds of plant fathers
Female parent, some male parent tassels are flourishing, can use 1:6 or 1:7, the paternal pollen amount of individual combination is less, preferably using 1:3 row
Than；
S3, flowering regulation,
Breeding time, the sowing of the identical Parent same period at florescence or maternal 2-3 days more early than male parent of florescence, can also sow the same period；
Father, maternal florescence differ more than 3 days it is necessary to intermission seeding, and the number of days of intermission seeding is because of parent's Flowering Characteristics, soil moisture content, gas
Temperature and sowing are sooner or later different, and the parent in general evening at florescence sows number of days in advance, is Parent florescence number of days different during spring sowing
1.5-2 times, be 1 one 1.5 times during summer sowing, to cannot find out breeding time, to ensure production of hybrid seeds success, can be sowed the phase of male parent 3 during sowing,
Special powder collecting area is planted in addition, and powder collecting area male parent is typically sowed with the second stage of male parent same period；
S4, prediction of flowering period,
Using blade inspection technique, can be represented with a mathematical formulae:Then flower synchronization is good for An-Ax=(1,2), and An is
The difference of Parent total leaf number, Ax is the difference for observing the visible number of blade of Parent, and (1,2) is any number between numeral 1 to 2
Value, this method can relatively early whether the prediction florescence in (seedling stage) meets, and is conducive to the regulation that the florescence does not meet；
S5, artificial pollination,
Using shake strain pollination and powder collecting pollination want combine, shake strain pollination refer to artificial effect make male parent strain top shake,
Including drawstring method and hand method, pollen is set to descend slowly and lightly, the scope for so descending slowly and lightly is larger, paternal pollen is scattered and relatively concentrate, and increased field
Between paternal pollen density, increased the probability that maternal filigree receives paternal pollen, this method saving of labor, the vigor of pollen are not received
Influence, but pollen wastes many, and the utilization rate of pollen is relatively low, is typically used when pollen amount is very sufficient, shakes strain pollination in the morning
After dew has been done, the peak period of individual plant loose powder is carried out at o'clock in the morning 9-11；
Bad in paternal pollen amount deficiency, or Parent flower synchronization, male parent is partially late, and the female parent spinning duration is long；
When maternal ratio is excessive, then need to take artificial collection pollen directly to concentrate the method pollinated to maternal filigree, this method able person
Industry control pollen, waste less, utilization rate it is high.After selecting calm or gentle breeze fine day, dew dry, morning 8-11 points carry out powder collecting, the cloudy day
Male parent loose powder is slower, can powder collecting in the afternoon.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The present invention payes attention to the raising of hybrid seed production yields, to ensure
Seed needed for Maize Production, improves the economic benefit of seeding farmer and seed production unit, consolidates seed breeding base, it is ensured that supply and demand
Balance.
Specific embodiment
The technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described below, it is clear that described embodiment
Only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, the common skill in this area
The every other embodiment that art personnel are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention
One kind improves corn hybrid seed throughput techniques, comprises the following steps,
S1, the selection of seed breeding base,
Corn seed producing base is typically chosen in the area that weather cools, day and night temperature is big, can so ensure hybrid seed yield
It is higher, disease relatively pass through, soil fertility concentrated in medium level above, the production of hybrid seeds in flakes and can fill can arrange, the village that isolation condition is good
Society is used as seed breeding base；
S2, density compares with row,
Seed is to harvest seed farm female parent fruit ear, and male parent is only to provide pollen.Therefore, the sufficient feelings of paternal pollen are being ensured
Should try one's best various female parents under condition, increase strain and easily increase grain hardly possible, and to increase maternal density, density is one of constituent element of yield, right
The influence of hybrid seed yield is very big, and hybrid maize seed production should be to strive for one of the Main Means of high yield to increase maternal density, close
The determination of degree will be defined by density test, and density is influenceed by following condition:First it is the plant type of self-mating system, tightly plays type self-mating system
High planting is strong, and density is big, and flat-type self-mating system is smaller；Secondly lodging resistance can increase by force density, and lodging resistance is weak then will
Reduce density；Short bar self-mating system density is big, and the self-mating system density of bar self-mating system high particularly Ear height is smaller；Other gas
The external conditions such as time, soil, production are also to determine the factor that density be can not ignore；If male parent tassel branch is more, pollen amount big,
Flowering time is long and without abortion, and male parent then can suitably increase capable ratio, typically using l higher than female parent:4 or l:5 kinds of plant fathers
Female parent, some male parent tassels are flourishing, can use 1:6 or 1:7, the paternal pollen amount of individual combination is less, preferably using 1:3 row
Than；
S3, flowering regulation,
Breeding time, the sowing of the identical Parent same period at florescence or maternal 2-3 days more early than male parent of florescence, can also sow the same period；
Father, maternal florescence differ more than 3 days it is necessary to intermission seeding, and the number of days of intermission seeding is because of parent's Flowering Characteristics, soil moisture content, gas
Temperature and sowing are sooner or later different, and the parent in general evening at florescence sows number of days in advance, is Parent florescence number of days different during spring sowing
1.5-2 times, be 1 one 1.5 times during summer sowing, to cannot find out breeding time, to ensure production of hybrid seeds success, can be sowed the phase of male parent 3 during sowing,
Special powder collecting area is planted in addition, and powder collecting area male parent is typically sowed with the second stage of male parent same period；
S4, prediction of flowering period,
Using blade inspection technique, can be represented with a mathematical formulae:Then flower synchronization is good for An-Ax=(1,2), and An is
The difference of Parent total leaf number, Ax is the difference for observing the visible number of blade of Parent, and (1,2) is any number between numeral 1 to 2
Value, this method can relatively early whether the prediction florescence in (seedling stage) meets, and is conducive to the regulation that the florescence does not meet；
S5, artificial pollination,
Using shake strain pollination and powder collecting pollination want combine, shake strain pollination refer to artificial effect make male parent strain top shake,
Including drawstring method and hand method, pollen is set to descend slowly and lightly, the scope for so descending slowly and lightly is larger, paternal pollen is scattered and relatively concentrate, and increased field
Between paternal pollen density, increased the probability that maternal filigree receives paternal pollen, this method saving of labor, the vigor of pollen are not received
Influence, but pollen wastes many, and the utilization rate of pollen is relatively low, is typically used when pollen amount is very sufficient, shakes strain pollination in the morning
After dew has been done, the peak period of individual plant loose powder is carried out at o'clock in the morning 9-11；
Bad in paternal pollen amount deficiency, or Parent flower synchronization, male parent is partially late, and the female parent spinning duration is long；
When maternal ratio is excessive, then need to take artificial collection pollen directly to concentrate the method pollinated to maternal filigree, this method able person
Industry control pollen, waste less, utilization rate it is high.After selecting calm or gentle breeze fine day, dew dry, morning 8-11 points carry out powder collecting, the cloudy day
Male parent loose powder is slower, can powder collecting in the afternoon
Although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, for the ordinary skill in the art, can be with
Understanding can carry out various changes, modification, replacement to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention
And modification, the scope of the present invention be defined by the appended.
Claims (1)
1. it is a kind of to improve corn hybrid seed throughput techniques, it is characterized in that：Comprise the following steps,
S1, the selection of seed breeding base,
Corn seed producing base is typically chosen in the area that weather cools, day and night temperature is big, can so ensure that hybrid seed yield is higher,
Disease is relatively passed through, soil fertility concentrated in medium level above, the production of hybrid seeds in flakes and can fill can arrange, village community that isolation condition is good work
It is seed breeding base；
S2, density compares with row,
Seed is to harvest seed farm female parent fruit ear, and male parent is only to provide pollen.Therefore, in the case where paternal pollen abundance is ensured
Should be tried one's best various female parents, increased strain and easily increased grain hardly possible, and to increase maternal density, density is one of constituent element of yield, to the production of hybrid seeds
The influence of yield is very big, and hybrid maize seed production should be to strive for one of the Main Means of high yield to increase maternal density, density
It is determined that to be defined by density test, density is influenceed by following condition:First it is the plant type of self-mating system, tightly plays type self-mating system resistance to close
Property it is strong, density is big, and flat-type self-mating system is smaller；Secondly lodging resistance can increase by force density, and lodging resistance is weak, to reduce
Density；Short bar self-mating system density is big, and the self-mating system density of bar self-mating system high particularly Ear height is smaller；Other weather,
The external conditions such as soil, production are also to determine the factor that density be can not ignore；If male parent tassel branch is more, pollen amount is big, open
Take time long again without abortion, male parent then can suitably increase capable ratio, typically using l higher than female parent:4 or l:5 kinds of plant father and mother
This, some male parent tassels are flourishing, can use 1:6 or 1:7, the paternal pollen amount of individual combination is less, preferably using 1:3 row ratio；
S3, flowering regulation,
Breeding time, the sowing of the identical Parent same period at florescence or maternal 2-3 days more early than male parent of florescence, can also sow the same period；Father, mother
This florescence differs more than 3 days it is necessary to intermission seeding, intermission seeding number of days is because of parent's Flowering Characteristics, soil moisture content, temperature and broadcasts
Plant sooner or later different, the parent in general evening at florescence sows number of days in advance, is the 1.5-2 of Parent florescence number of days different during spring sowing
Times, it is 1 one 1.5 times during summer sowing, to cannot find out breeding time, to ensure production of hybrid seeds success, the phase of male parent 3 can be sowed during sowing, in addition
Special powder collecting area is planted, powder collecting area male parent is typically sowed with the second stage of male parent same period；
S4, prediction of flowering period,
Using blade inspection technique, can be represented with a mathematical formulae:Then flower synchronization is good for An-Ax=(1,2), and An is father and mother
The difference of this total leaf number, Ax is the difference for observing the visible number of blade of Parent, and (1,2) is any numerical value between numeral 1 to 2,
This method can relatively early whether the prediction florescence in (seedling stage) meets, and is conducive to the regulation that the florescence does not meet；
S5, artificial pollination,
Using shake strain pollination and powder collecting pollination want combine, shake strain pollination refer to artificial effect make male parent strain top shake, including
Drawstring method and hand method, make pollen descend slowly and lightly, and the scope for so descending slowly and lightly is larger, and paternal pollen is scattered and relatively concentrate, and increased field father
The density of this pollen, increased the probability that maternal filigree receives paternal pollen, and this method saving of labor, the vigor of pollen do not receive shadow
Ring, but pollen wastes many, and the utilization rate of pollen is relatively low, is typically used when pollen amount is very sufficient, shakes strain pollination and reveals in the morning
After water has been done, the peak period of individual plant loose powder is carried out at o'clock in the morning 9-11；
Bad in paternal pollen amount deficiency, or Parent flower synchronization, male parent is partially late, and the female parent spinning duration is long；It is maternal
When ratio is excessive, then need to take artificial collection pollen directly to concentrate to the method for maternal filigree pollination, this method able person industry control
Pollen processed, waste less, utilization rate it is high.After selecting calm or gentle breeze fine day, dew dry, morning 8-11 points carry out powder collecting, cloudy male parent
Loose powder is slower, can powder collecting in the afternoon.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710119540.5A CN106818462A (en) | 2017-03-02 | 2017-03-02 | One kind improves corn hybrid seed throughput techniques |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710119540.5A CN106818462A (en) | 2017-03-02 | 2017-03-02 | One kind improves corn hybrid seed throughput techniques |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114009286A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-02-08 | 甘肃宏顺通农业科技开发有限公司 | Cultivation method for maize hybrid seed production |
| CN115812591A (en) * | 2022-12-16 | 2023-03-21 | 昭通市农业科学院(昭通市农业科学技术推广中心) | Method for arranging and predicting parent florescence in corn hybrid seed production |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101990842A (en) * | 2009-08-13 | 2011-03-30 | 孙刚 | Corn hybrid high-yield seed making method |
| CN104641849A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2015-05-27 | 邓明旭 | Seed production method for hybrid corn |
-
2017
- 2017-03-02 CN CN201710119540.5A patent/CN106818462A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101990842A (en) * | 2009-08-13 | 2011-03-30 | 孙刚 | Corn hybrid high-yield seed making method |
| CN104641849A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2015-05-27 | 邓明旭 | Seed production method for hybrid corn |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 周洪生: "《玉米种子大全》", 31 December 2000 * |
| 常宏主: "《农作物种子生产技术》", 30 May 2008 * |
| 王晓光: "《玉米生产关键技术百问百答》", 31 January 2009 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114009286A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-02-08 | 甘肃宏顺通农业科技开发有限公司 | Cultivation method for maize hybrid seed production |
| CN115812591A (en) * | 2022-12-16 | 2023-03-21 | 昭通市农业科学院(昭通市农业科学技术推广中心) | Method for arranging and predicting parent florescence in corn hybrid seed production |
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Application publication date: 20170613 |
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