CN106812872A - 车辆的动力传输系统 - Google Patents

车辆的动力传输系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106812872A
CN106812872A CN201610569465.8A CN201610569465A CN106812872A CN 106812872 A CN106812872 A CN 106812872A CN 201610569465 A CN201610569465 A CN 201610569465A CN 106812872 A CN106812872 A CN 106812872A
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China
Prior art keywords
shaft
input shaft
planetary gearsets
clutch
rotate element
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Pending
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CN201610569465.8A
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English (en)
Inventor
赵源珉
黄圣旭
孙宇哲
权贤植
鞠再昌
池晟旭
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Hyundai Motor Co
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Hyundai Motor Co
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Publication of CN106812872A publication Critical patent/CN106812872A/zh
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H3/00Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/46Gearings having only two central gears, connected by orbital gears
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48Parallel type
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H3/00Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/001Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion convertible for varying the gear-ratio, e.g. for selecting one of several shafts as the input shaft
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H3/00Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/006Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion power being selectively transmitted by either one of the parallel flow paths
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H3/00Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/62Gearings having three or more central gears
    • F16H3/66Gearings having three or more central gears composed of a number of gear trains without drive passing from one train to another
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H3/00Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/72Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously
    • F16H3/724Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously using external powered electric machines
    • F16H3/725Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously using external powered electric machines with means to change ratio in the mechanical gearing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48Parallel type
    • B60K2006/4816Electric machine connected or connectable to gearbox internal shaft
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60YINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/92Hybrid vehicles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60YINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2400/00Special features of vehicle units
    • B60Y2400/70Gearings
    • B60Y2400/73Planetary gearings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H3/00Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H2003/445Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion without permanent connection between the input and the set of orbital gears
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H2200/00Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/003Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds
    • F16H2200/0043Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds the gear ratios comprising four forward speeds
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H2200/00Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/2002Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears
    • F16H2200/2007Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears with two sets of orbital gears
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H2200/00Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/203Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes
    • F16H2200/2035Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes with two engaging means
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H2200/00Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/203Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes
    • F16H2200/2041Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes with four engaging means
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62Hybrid vehicles
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S903/00Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/904Component specially adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/909Gearing
    • Y10S903/91Orbital, e.g. planetary gears
    • Y10S903/911Orbital, e.g. planetary gears with two or more gear sets

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

一种车辆的动力传输系统,可包括第一输入轴,其选择性地连接至发动机;第二输入轴,其为中空轴,围套第一输入轴而不与第一输入轴产生旋转干扰,并且选择性地连接至发动机;变速部分,其包括第一行星齿轮组和第二行星齿轮组,每个行星齿轮组包括三个旋转元件,变速部分还包括四个旋转轴,四个旋转轴直接连接至第一行星齿轮组和第二行星齿轮组的旋转元件中的至少一个旋转元件;电动机/发电机;输出轴;以及控制元件,其包括两个离合器以及两个制动器,两个离合器设置在第一输入轴和第二输入轴选择性地连接至发动机的输出轴的位置,两个制动器设置在四个旋转轴中的两个旋转轴选择性地连接至变速器壳体的位置。

Description

车辆的动力传输系统
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2015年11月27日提交的韩国专利申请第10-2015-0167975号的优先权,该申请的全部内容结合于此用于通过该引用的所有目的。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种车辆的动力传输系统。更具体而言,本发明涉及通过实现至少四个固定挡位并且能够使用电动机连续改变传动比而增强动力传递效率并且提高车辆的适销性的车辆的动力传输系统。
背景技术
车辆的环境友好性是非常重要的技术,汽车工业未来的生存取决于此。车辆制造商正致力于开发环境友好型车辆以便满足环境和燃料消耗的法规。
因此,车辆制造商已经研发了未来车辆,例如电动车辆(EV)、混合动力电动车辆(HEV)以及燃料电池电动车辆(FCEV)。
因为未来车辆具有技术限制(例如,重量以及成本),车辆制造商关注于混合动力电动车辆,以便符合排放气体法规并且改进燃料消耗性能,并且,车辆制造商进行激烈地竞争以将混合动力电动车辆投放到实际应用。
混合动力电动车辆是使用至少两个动力源的车辆,该至少两个动力源可以以各种方式组合。一般而言,混合动力电动车辆使用汽油发动机或柴油发动机(使用化石燃料)以及电动机/发电机(由电能驱动)。
混合动力电动车辆使用具有相对更好的低速扭矩特性的电动机/发电机作为低速下的主动力源,并且使用具有相对更好的高速扭矩特性的发动机作为高速下的主动力源。
由于混合动力电动车辆在低速范围内停止使用化石燃料的发动机的工作,并且使用电动机/发电机,所以可以改善燃料消耗并且可以减少废气。
公开于该发明背景技术部分的上述信息仅仅旨在加深对发明背景的理解,因此其可以包含的信息并不构成在本国已为本领域技术人员所公知的现有技术。
发明内容
本发明的各个方面致力于提供一种益处在于通过实现至少四个固定挡位并且能够使用电动机连续改变传动比而增强动力传递效率的车辆的动力传输系统。
根据本发明的各个方面,车辆的动力传输系统可以包括:第一输入轴,其选择性地连接至发动机;第二输入轴,其为中空轴,围套第一输入轴而不与第一输入轴产生旋转干扰,并且选择性地连接至发动机;变速部分,其包括第一行星齿轮组和第二行星齿轮组,每个行星齿轮组包括三个旋转元件,该变速部分还包括四个旋转轴,所述四个旋转轴直接连接至第一行星齿轮组和第二行星齿轮组的旋转元件中的至少一个旋转元件,其中,所述四个旋转轴中的两个旋转轴分别直接连接至第一输入轴和第二输入轴;电动机/发电机,其直接连接至所述变速部分的四个旋转轴中的未连接至第一输入轴和第二输入轴的剩余两个旋转轴中的一个旋转轴;输出轴,其直接连接至所述变速部分的四个旋转轴中的未连接至第一输入轴和第二输入轴以及电动机/发电机的一个旋转轴;以及控制元件,其包括两个离合器以及两个制动器,所述两个离合器设置在第一输入轴和第二输入轴选择性地连接至发动机的输出轴的位置,所述两个制动器设置在所述四个旋转轴中的两个旋转轴选择性地连接至变速器壳体的位置。
所述第一行星齿轮组可以为单小齿轮行星齿轮组,并且包括作为第一旋转元件的第一太阳轮、作为第二旋转元件的第一行星架以及作为第三旋转元件的第一内齿圈,并且所述第二行星齿轮组可以为单小齿轮行星齿轮组,并且包括作为第四旋转元件的第二太阳轮、作为第五旋转元件的第二行星架以及作为第六旋转元件的第二内齿圈。
所述四个旋转轴可以包括:第一旋转轴,其直接连接至第一旋转元件,直接连接至电动机/发电机,并且选择性地连接至变速器壳体;第二旋转轴,其直接连接第二旋转元件与第六旋转元件,直接连接至第一输入轴,并且选择性地连接至第变速器壳体;第三旋转轴,其直接连接第三旋转元件与第五旋转元件,并且直接连接至输出轴;以及第四旋转轴,其直接连接至第四旋转元件,并且直接连接至第二输入轴。
所述控制元件可以包括:第一离合器,其设置在发动机的输出轴与第二输入轴之间;第二离合器,其设置在发动机的输出轴与第一输入轴之间;第一制动器,其设置在第一旋转轴与变速器壳体之间;以及第二制动器,其设置在第二旋转轴与变速器壳体之间。
在第一前进挡位,可以操作第一离合器和第二制动器,在第二前进挡位,可以操作第一离合器和第一制动器,在第三前进挡位,可以操作第一离合器和第二离合器,在第四前进挡位,可以操作第二离合器和第一制动器,在倒车挡位,可以操作第二制动器,其中,在倒车挡位,电动机/发电机可以工作。
根据本发明的各个方面,一种车辆的动力传输系统可以包括:第一输入轴,其选择性地连接至发动机;第二输入轴,其为中空轴,围绕第一输入轴而不与第一输入轴产生旋转干扰,并且选择性地连接至发动机;变速部分,其包括:第一行星齿轮组,其包括作为旋转元件的第一太阳轮、第一行星架和第一内齿圈;第二行星齿轮组,其包括作为旋转元件的第二太阳轮、第二行星架和第二内齿圈;以及第一旋转轴、第二旋转轴、第三旋转轴以及第四旋转轴,其直接连接至第一行星齿轮组和第二行星齿轮组的旋转元件中的至少一个旋转元件;电动机/发电机,其直接连接至四个旋转轴中的一个旋转轴;以及输出轴,其连接至所述四个旋转轴中的另一个旋转轴,其中,第一旋转轴可以直接连接至第一太阳轮,直接连接至电动机/发电机,并且选择性地连接至变速器壳体,第二旋转轴可以直接连接第一行星架与第二内齿圈,可以直接连接至第一输入轴,并且选择性地连接至变速器壳体,第三旋转轴可以直接连接第一内齿圈与第二行星架,并且可以直接连接至输出轴,并且第四旋转轴可以直接连接至第二太阳轮,并且直接连接至第二输入轴。
第一行星齿轮组和第二行星齿轮组的每一个都可以是单小齿轮行星齿轮组。
本发明的各个实施方案通过组合作为双离合器的输入装置、包括行星齿轮组和摩擦元件的变速部分以及能够进行驱动和再生制动的电动机/发电机,可以实现四个固定挡位,并且可以使用电动机来连续改变传动比。因此,可以增强动力传输效率,并且可以提高车辆的适销性。
另外,通过减小放置常规扭矩变换器的空间,变速器的长度可以缩短,并且由扭矩变换器造成的驱动损失可以减少。
另外,因为滑行能量可以通过电动机/发电机而用于再生制动和发电,所以可以大幅改善燃料消耗。
应当理解,此处所使用的术语“车辆”或“车辆的”或其它类似术语一般包括机动车辆,例如包括运动型多用途车辆(SUV)、客车、卡车、各种商用车辆的乘用汽车,包括各种舟艇、船舶的船只,航空器等等,并且包括混合动力车辆、电动车辆、可插式混合动力电动车辆、氢动力车辆以及其它替代性燃料车辆(例如源于非石油的能源的燃料)。本文所指的混合动力车辆为具有两个或更多个动力源的车辆,例如汽油动力和电动车辆。
本发明的方法和装置具有其他的特征和益处,根据并入本文的附图和随后的具体实施方案,这些特征和益处将是显而易见的,或者在并入本文的附图和随后的具体实施方案中这些特征和益处得到了详细陈述,这些附图和具体实施方案共同用于解释本发明的特定原理。
附图说明
图1为根据本发明的车辆的示例性动力传输系统的示意图。
图2为控制元件在应用到根据本发明的车辆的示例性动力传输系统的每个挡位下的操作表。
图3为根据本发明的车辆的示例性动力传输系统在第一前进挡位下的杠杆图。
图4为根据本发明的车辆的示例性动力传输系统在第二前进挡位下的杠杆图。
图5为根据本发明的车辆的示例性动力传输系统在第三前进挡位下的杠杆图。
图6为根据本发明的车辆的示例性动力传输系统在第四前进挡位下的杠杆图。
图7为根据本发明的车辆的示例性动力传输系统在倒车挡位下的杠杆图。
应当了解,所附附图并不必须是按比例绘制的,其呈现了某种程度上经过简化的说明本发明的基本原理的各个特征。本文所公开的本发明的具体设计特征包括例如具体尺寸、方向、位置和形状将部分地由具体所要应用和使用的环境来确定。
具体实施方式
现在将详细地参考本发明的各个实施方案,这些实施方案的示例被示出在附图中并描述如下。虽然本发明与示例性实施方案相结合进行描述,但是应当了解,本说明书并非旨在将本发明限制为那些示例性实施方案。相反,本发明旨在不但覆盖这些示例性实施方案,而且覆盖可以包括在由所附权利要求所限定的本发明的精神和范围之内的各种可替选形式、修改形式、等同形式及其他实施方案。
图1为根据本发明的各个实施方案的车辆的动力传输系统的示意图。参考图1,根据本发明的各个实施方案的车辆的动力传输系统使用发动机ENG和电动机/发电机MG作为动力源,并且包括设置在相同的轴线上的第一行星齿轮组PG1和第二行星齿轮组PG2、第一输入轴IS1和第二输入轴IS2、输出轴OS、连接至第一行星齿轮组PG1和第二行星齿轮组PG2的旋转元件中的至少一个的四个旋转轴TM1至TM4以及四个控制元件C1、C2、B1以及B2。
从第一输入轴IS1和第二输入轴IS2以及电机轴MS的输入的扭矩被第一行星齿轮组PG1和第二行星齿轮组PG2改变,并且经改变的扭矩经由输出轴OS输出。
第一输入轴IS1和电机轴MS是实心轴,其设置在相同的轴线上。第二输入轴IS2是中空轴并且围套第一输入轴IS1,而与第一输入轴IS1之间没有旋转干扰。
另外,第一输入轴IS1和第二输入轴IS2通过第一离合器C1和第二离合器C2而选择性连接至发动机ENG的输出轴EOS。即,第一输入轴IS1通过第二离合器C2而选择性地连接至发动机ENG的输出轴EOS,第二输入轴IS2通过第一离合器C1而选择性地连接至发动机ENG的输出轴EOS。
发动机ENG是主动力源,使用常规化石燃料的汽油发动机或柴油发动机可以用作该发动机。
电动机/发电机MG用作电动机和发电机,并且包括固定至变速器壳体H的定子ST,以及可旋转地支撑在定子ST的径向内部的转子RT。转子RT直接连接至电机轴MS。
在发动机ENG与电动机/发电机MG之间设置有变速部分,其包括第一第二行星齿轮组PG1和第二行星齿轮组PG2。第一行星齿轮组PG1靠近电动机/发电机MG设置,第二行星齿轮组PG2靠近发动机ENG设置。
第一行星齿轮组PG1是单小齿轮行星齿轮组,并且包括分别作为第一、第二和第三旋转元件N1、N2和N3的第一太阳轮S1、第一行星架PC1和第一内齿圈R1,第一行星架PC1可旋转地支撑第一小齿轮P1,第一小齿轮P1与第一太阳轮S1外啮合,第一内齿圈R1与第一小齿轮P1内啮合。
第二行星齿轮组PG2是单小齿轮行星齿轮组,并且包括分别作为第四、第五和第六旋转元件N4、N5和N6的第二太阳轮S2、第二行星架PC2和第二内齿圈R2,第二行星架PC2可旋转地支撑第二小齿轮P2,第二小齿轮P2与第二太阳轮S2外啮合,第二内齿圈R2与第二小齿轮P2内啮合。
因为第二旋转元件N2直接连接至第六旋转元件N6,第三旋转元件N3直接连接至第五旋转元件N5,所以第一第二行星齿轮组PG1和第二行星齿轮组PG2包括四个旋转轴TM1至TM4。
将更具体地描述四个旋转轴TM1至TM4。
第一旋转轴TM1直接连接至第一旋转元件N1(第一太阳轮S1),直接连接至电机轴MS,并且选择性地连接至变速器壳体H。
第二旋转轴TM2直接连接第二旋转元件N2(第一行星架PC1)与第六旋转元件N6(第二内齿圈R2),第二旋转轴TM2直接连接至第一输入轴IS1从而选择性地连接至发动机ENG的输出轴EOS,并且选择性地连接至变速器壳体H。
第三旋转轴TM3直接连接第三旋转元件N3(第一内齿圈R1)与第五旋转元件N5(第二行星架PC2),并且经由输出轴OS直接连接至输出齿轮OG,从而持续作为输入元件工作。
第四旋转轴TM4直接连接至第四旋转元件N4(第二太阳轮S2),并且直接连接至第二输入轴IS2,从而选择性地连接至发动机ENG的输出轴EOS。
另外,作为控制元件的两个制动器B1和B2设置在旋转轴TM1至TM4中的任一个旋转轴选择性地连接至变速器壳体H的部分处。
第一离合器C1设置在发动机的输出轴EOS与第二输入轴IS2之间,并且选择性地连接发动机的输出轴EOS与第二输入轴IS2。
第二离合器C2设置在发动机的输出轴EOS与第一输入轴IS1之间,并且选择性地连接发动机的输出轴EOS与第一输入轴IS1。
第一制动器B1设置在第一旋转轴TM1与变速器壳体H之间,并且使第一旋转轴TM1作为选择性固定元件工作。
第二制动器B2设置在第二旋转轴TM2和变速器壳体H之间,从而使第二旋转轴TM2作为选择性固定元件工作。
图2为控制元件在应用到根据本发明的各个实施方案的车辆的动力传输系统的每个挡位下的操作表。如图2所示,下面将详细描述控制元件在固定挡位下的操作。
在第一前进挡位1ST,第一离合器C1和第二制动器B2同时操作。
在第二前进挡位2ND,第一离合器C1和第一制动器B1同时操作。
在第三前进挡位3RD,第一离合器C1和第二离合器C2同时操作。
在第四前进挡位4TH,第二离合器C2和第一制动器B1同时操作。
在倒车挡位REV,第二制动器B2操作。在这种情况下,电动机/发电机MG也工作。
图3为根据本发明的各个实施方案的车辆的动力传输系统在第一前进挡位下的杠杆图。参考图3,在第一前进挡位1ST,第一离合器C1和第二制动器B2操作。
另外,在发动机ENG的扭矩通过第一离合器C1的操作而输入至第四旋转轴TM4的状态下,第二旋转轴TM2通过第二制动器B2的操作而作为固定元件工作。因此,发动机ENG的扭矩切换至第一前进挡位,并且第一前进挡位经由作为输出元件的第三旋转轴TM3输出。
在第一前进挡位1ST,电动机/发电机MG可以产生电力,并且可以通过电动机/发电机MG反转来辅助扭矩。
在第一前进挡位1ST下,传动比通过电动机/发电机MG的连续改变可以根据第二制动器B2是否操作来改变。
在第二制动器B2操作的状态下,发动机ENG的扭矩被控制为不会输入至变速部分,通过控制电动机/发电机MG的反转转速可以增加传动比。
在第二制动器B2不操作的状态下,发动机ENG的扭矩被控制为输入至变速部分,通过控制电动机/发电机MG的反转转速可以降低传动比。
图4为根据本发明的各个实施方案的车辆的动力传输系统在第二前进挡位下的杠杆图。参考图4,在第二前进挡位2ND,第一离合器C1和第一制动器B1操作。
在发动机ENG的扭矩通过第一离合器C1的操作而输入至第四旋转轴TM4的状态下,第一旋转轴TM1通过第一制动器B1的操作而作为固定元件工作。因此,发动机ENG的扭矩切换至第二前进挡位,并且第二前进挡位经由作为输出元件的第三旋转轴TM3输出。
如果通过电动机/发电机MG要在第二前进挡位2ND下连续改变传动比,则释放第一制动器B1,发动机ENG的扭矩被控制为输入至变速部分。在这种情况下,传动比可以通过控制电动机/发电机MG的转速来改变。
图5为根据本发明的各个实施方案的车辆的动力传输系统在第三前进挡位下的杠杆图。参考图5,在第三前进挡位3RD,第一离合器C1和第二离合器C2操作。
通过第一离合器C1和第二离合器C2的操作,发动机ENG的扭矩同时输入至第四旋转轴TM4和第二旋转轴TM2。在这种情况下,第一行星齿轮组PG1和第二行星齿轮组PG2变成锁定状态。因此,发动机ENG的扭矩切换至第三前进挡位,并且第三前进挡位经由作为输出元件的第三旋转轴TM3输出。在第三前进挡位下,输出与发动机ENG相同的转速。
另外,在第三前进挡位下,电动机/发电机通过正向旋转可以辅助扭矩。
图6为根据本发明的各个实施方案的车辆的动力传输系统在第四前进挡位下的杠杆图。参考图6,在第四前进挡位4TH,第二离合器C2和第一制动器B1操作。
在发动机ENG的扭矩通过第二离合器C2的操作而输入至第二旋转轴TM2的状态下,第一旋转轴TM1通过第一制动器B1的操作而作为固定元件工作。因此,发动机ENG的扭矩切换至第四前进挡位,并且第四前进挡位经由作为输出元件的第三旋转轴TM3输出。
如果通过电动机/发电机MG要在第四前进挡位4TH下连续改变传动比,则释放第一制动器B1,发动机ENG的扭矩被控制为输入至变速部分。在这种情况下,传动比可以通过控制电动机/发电机MG的反转或正转转速来改变。
参考图7,在倒车挡位REV,发动机ENG处于停止状态,第二制动器B2操作并且电动机/发电机MG也工作。
在电动机/发电机MG的扭矩被输入到第一旋转轴TM1的状态下,第二旋转轴TM2通过第二制动器B2的操作而作为固定元件工作,并且输出了反转转速。即,电动机/发电机MG的扭矩切换至倒车挡位,并且倒车挡位经由作为输出元件的第三旋转轴TM3输出。
根据本发明的各个实施方案的动力传输系统通过组合包括双离合器的输入装置、包括行星齿轮组和摩擦元件的变速部分以及能够进行驱动和再生制动的电动机/发电机,实现了四个固定挡位,并且使用电动机来连续地改变传动比。因此,可以增强动力传输效率,并且可以提高车辆的适销性。
另外,通过减小放置常规扭矩变换器的空间,变速器的长度可以缩短,并且由扭矩变换器造成的驱动损失可以减少。
另外,因为滑行能量可以通过电动机/发电机而用于再生制动和发电,所以可以大幅改善燃料消耗。
尽管已经结合目前被认为是实用的示例性实施方案描述了本发明,应该理解本发明不限于公开的实施方案,而是相反地,旨在涵盖包括在所附权利要求的精神和范围内的各种变化和等同布置。

Claims (9)

1.一种车辆的动力传输系统,包括:
第一输入轴,其选择性地连接至发动机;
第二输入轴,其为中空轴,围套第一输入轴而不与第一输入轴产生旋转干扰,并且选择性地连接至发动机;
变速部分,其包括第一行星齿轮组和第二行星齿轮组,每个行星齿轮组包括三个旋转元件,该变速部分还包括四个旋转轴,所述四个旋转轴直接连接至第一行星齿轮组和第二行星齿轮组的旋转元件中的至少一个旋转元件,其中,所述四个旋转轴中的两个旋转轴分别直接连接至第一输入轴和第二输入轴;
电动机/发电机,其直接连接至所述变速部分的四个旋转轴中的未连接至第一输入轴和第二输入轴的剩余两个旋转轴中的一个旋转轴;
输出轴,其直接连接至所述变速部分的四个旋转轴中的未连接至第一输入轴和第二输入轴以及电动机/发电机的一个旋转轴;以及
控制元件,其包括两个离合器以及两个制动器,所述两个离合器设置在第一输入轴和第二输入轴选择性地连接至发动机的输出轴的位置,所述两个制动器设置在所述四个旋转轴中的两个旋转轴选择性地连接至变速器壳体的位置。
2.根据权利要求1所述的车辆的动力传输系统,其中,所述第一行星齿轮组为单小齿轮行星齿轮组,并且包括作为第一旋转元件的第一太阳轮、作为第二旋转元件的第一行星架以及作为第三旋转元件的第一内齿圈,以及
所述第二行星齿轮组为单小齿轮行星齿轮组,并且包括作为第四旋转元件的第二太阳轮、作为第五旋转元件的第二行星架以及作为第六旋转元件的第二内齿圈。
3.根据权利要求2所述的车辆的动力传输系统,其中所述四个旋转轴包括:
第一旋转轴,其直接连接至第一旋转元件,直接连接至电动机/发电机,并且选择性地连接至变速器壳体;
第二旋转轴,其直接连接第二旋转元件与第六旋转元件,直接连接至第一输入轴,并且选择性地连接至第变速器壳体;
第三旋转轴,其直接连接第三旋转元件与第五旋转元件,并且直接连接至输出轴;以及
第四旋转轴,其直接连接至第四旋转元件,并且直接连接至第二输入轴。
4.根据权利要求3所述的车辆的动力传输系统,其中所述控制元件包括:
第一离合器,其设置在发动机的输出轴与第二输入轴之间;
第二离合器,其设置在发动机的输出轴与第一输入轴之间;
第一制动器,其设置在第一旋转轴与变速器壳体之间;以及
第二制动器,其设置在第二旋转轴与变速器壳体之间。
5.根据权利要求4所述的车辆的动力传输系统,其中,在第一前进挡位,第一离合器和第二制动器操作,
在第二前进挡位,第一离合器和第一制动器操作,
在第三前进挡位,第一离合器和第二离合器操作,
在第四前进挡位,第二离合器和第一制动器操作,
在倒车挡位,第二制动器操作,其中,在倒车挡位,电动机/发电机工作。
6.一种车辆的动力传输系统,包括:
第一输入轴,其选择性地连接至发动机;
第二输入轴,其为中空轴,围绕第一输入轴而不与第一输入轴产生旋转干扰,并且选择性地连接至发动机;
变速部分,其包括:
第一行星齿轮组,其包括作为旋转元件的第一太阳轮、第一行星架和第一内齿圈;
第二行星齿轮组,其包括作为旋转元件的第二太阳轮、第二行星架和第二内齿圈;以及
第一旋转轴、第二旋转轴、第三旋转轴以及第四旋转轴,其直接连接至第一行星齿轮组和第二行星齿轮组的旋转元件中的至少一个旋转元件;
电动机/发电机,其直接连接至四个旋转轴中的一个旋转轴;以及输出轴,其连接至所述四个旋转轴中的另一个旋转轴,
其中,第一旋转轴直接连接至第一太阳轮,直接连接至电动机/发电机,并且选择性地连接至变速器壳体,
第二旋转轴直接连接第一行星架与第二内齿圈,直接连接至第一输入轴,并且选择性地连接至变速器壳体,
第三旋转轴直接连接第一内齿圈与第二行星架,并且直接连接至输出轴,以及
第四旋转轴直接连接至第二太阳轮,并且直接连接至第二输入轴。
7.根据权利要求6所述的车辆的动力传输系统,其中,第一行星齿轮组和第二行星齿轮组的每一个都是单小齿轮行星齿轮组。
8.根据权利要求6所述的车辆的动力传输系统,进一步包括:
第一离合器,其设置在发动机的输出轴与第二输入轴之间;
第二离合器,其设置在发动机的输出轴与第一输入轴之间;
第一制动器,其设置在第一旋转轴与变速器壳体之间;以及
第二制动器,其设置在第二旋转轴与变速器壳体之间。
9.根据权利要求4所述的车辆的动力传输系统,其中,在第一前进挡位,第一离合器和第二制动器操作,
在第二前进挡位,第一离合器和第一制动器操作,
在第三前进挡位,第一离合器和第二离合器操作,
在第四前进挡位,第二离合器和第一制动器操作,
在倒车挡位,第二制动器操作,其中,在倒车挡位,电动机/发电机工作。
CN201610569465.8A 2015-11-27 2016-07-19 车辆的动力传输系统 Pending CN106812872A (zh)

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