CN106811686B - 表面质量好的高强锌铝镁镀层钢板及其制造方法 - Google Patents
表面质量好的高强锌铝镁镀层钢板及其制造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- -1 zinc-aluminum-magnesium Chemical compound 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims description 3
- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010960 cold rolled steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 16
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 11
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 7
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910001335 Galvanized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000008397 galvanized steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010301 surface-oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010882 bottom ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001567 cementite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013256 coordination polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006253 efflorescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;methane Chemical compound C.[Fe].[Fe].[Fe] KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- VCTOKJRTAUILIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(2+);sulfide Chemical class [S-2].[Mn+2] VCTOKJRTAUILIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010037844 rash Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
- C23C2/06—Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/14—Removing excess of molten coatings; Controlling or regulating the coating thickness
- C23C2/22—Removing excess of molten coatings; Controlling or regulating the coating thickness by rubbing, e.g. using knives, e.g. rubbing solids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/34—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the material to be treated
- C23C2/36—Elongated material
- C23C2/40—Plates; Strips
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种表面质量好的高强锌铝镁镀层钢板及其制造方法,钢中含有C 0.09%~0.18%,Si 0.40%~1.60%,Mn 0.80%~2.10%,S 0.001%~0.008%,还可加入Cr 0.01%~0.60%和/或Mo 0.01%~0.30%。镀层的化学成分为Al 1%~14%,Mg 1.0%~5.0%,余量为锌和不可避免的杂质。热轧卷取温度为500~560℃,冷轧后钢板表面粗糙度Ra0.3~0.8μm,Rz≤3μm,加热温度为620~680℃,炉内氧分压2×10‑10~3×10‑6Pa,随后的加热和冷却过程中炉内氧分压4×10‑38~5×10‑21Pa,带钢入锌锅温度为500~540℃,锌铝镁合金熔液温度420~480℃,镀后以15~30℃/s的冷却速度冷却,带钢转向前温度降低至280℃以下。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于金属涂镀领域,特别涉及一种表面质量好的高强锌铝镁镀层钢板制造方法及其高强锌铝镁镀层钢板。
背景技术
在热浸镀领域中,为了提高镀锌钢板的耐蚀性和钢板的强度,开发了DP、TRIP、CP、QP等450~1000MPa级镀锌钢板和合金化镀锌钢板,但镀锌钢板耐蚀性较差,合金化镀锌钢板镀层易粉化,腐蚀后易出现红锈。
JP2009228079公开了590MPa高强度低屈强比锌铝镁镀层钢板,镀层化学成分为Al:3%~22%,Mg:1%~10%,还含量Ti<0.1%、B<0.05%、Si<2%、Fe<2%中的1种以上,钢基化学成分为C:0.05%~0.25%,Si<1.5%,Mn:1.0%~2.0%,N<0.005%,Ti:3.43N~0.05%,B:0.0003%~0.01%,Cr:0.5%~2.0%,同时满足Mn+1.29Cr≥2.05,钢基中锰的偏析满足Mn(最大)/Mn(最小)≤2,组织由铁素体和5%以上的马氏体组成,可以制造590MPa级屈强比为0.7以下的锌铝镁镀层钢板;热轧卷取温度≤560℃,连续退火温度为750~950℃。
JP2009228080公开了590MPa高屈强比高强度锌铝镁镀层钢板,镀层化学成分为Al:3%~22%,Mg:1%~10%,还含有Ti<0.1%、B<0.05%、Si<2%、Fe<2%中的1种以上,钢基化学成分为C:0.05%~0.25%,Si<1.5%,Mn:1.0%~2.0%,N<0.005%,B:0.0003%~0.01%,Cr:0.5%~2.0%,Ti:0.05%~0.2%,Nb:0.01%~0.2%,铁素体平均晶粒尺寸<10μm,铌、钛析出物的平均尺寸<10nm,析出物的质量分数>0.05%,可以制造590MPa级屈强比为0.7以上的锌铝镁镀层钢板。
JP2010235989公开了590MPa高强度锌铝镁镀层钢板,钢基化学成分为C:0.05%~0.20%,Si:0.05%~1.5%,Mn:1.0%~2.5%,P:0.005~0.050%,S<0.01%,Als:0.005%~0.10%,B:0.0002%~0.01%,Ti:0.05%~0.15%,钢基组织为铁素体和马氏体双相组织,其中铁素体含量50%以上,马氏体体积分数为15%~45%;冷轧钢板在还原性退火炉中加热至730~900℃,以3~10℃/s的冷却速度冷却至650℃,再以10℃/s以上的冷却速度冷却至440℃,热浸镀锌铝镁合金。
JP2011153361公开了780MPa高强度锌铝镁镀层钢板,钢基化学成分为C:0.05%~0.18%,Si:0.1%~0.8%,Mn:1.5%~2.3%,P<0.05%,S<0.01%,B:0.0005%~0.005%,Ti:0.01%~0.10%,钢基组织为铁素体和马氏体双相组织,其中铁素体平均晶粒尺寸为8μm,马氏体晶粒尺寸为0.7~5μm,马氏体体积分数为15%~45%,在钢中还可以加入Nb:0.01%~0.1%,Cr:0.01%~1.0%,Mo:0.01%~0.5%中的1种或2种以上。
上述发明的问题在于,当钢中硅、锰含量较高时,镀层表面质量较差,易产生漏镀、锌渣等表面缺陷。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种表面质量好的高强锌铝镁镀层钢板制造方法及其高强锌铝镁镀层钢板。
一种表面质量好的高强锌铝镁镀层钢板制造方法及其高强锌铝镁镀层钢板,采用冶炼-铸造-热轧-冷轧-连续退火与热浸镀锌铝镁工艺路线制造,其特征在于:
钢的化学成分按质量分数为C 0.09%~0.18%,Si 0.40%~1.60%,Mn 0.80%~2.10%,S 0.001%~0.008%。
钢中还可以加入Cr 0.01%~0.60%。
钢中还可以加入Mo 0.01%~0.30%。
镀层的化学成分为Al 1%~14%,Mg 1.0%~5.0%,余量为锌和不可避免的杂质。
热轧卷取温度为500~560℃;冷轧后钢板表面粗糙度Ra0.3~0.8μm,Rz≤3μm;加热温度为620~680℃,炉内氧分压2×10-10~3×10-6Pa,随后的加热和冷却过程中炉内氧分压4×10-38~5×10-21Pa,带钢入锌锅温度为500~540℃。
锌铝镁合金熔液温度420~480℃,镀液的化学成分为Al1%~12%,Mg 1.0%~4.0%,Fe 0.002%~0.020%,镀后以15~30℃/s的冷却速度冷却,带钢转向前温度降低至280℃以下。
带钢入锌锅时,还可以使用刮刀刮去带钢表面污染物。上刮刀1在沉没辊3上方50~100mm,下刮刀2在带钢4与沉没辊接触的位置上,上、下刮刀与带钢的接触压力为100~500N/mm2。
碳是钢中常用的强化元素,可以明显提高钢的淬透性和淬硬性。如果碳含量过低,在奥氏体转变成马氏体时不能产生足够的畸变以强化马氏体,钢板的强度不足;但过高的碳含量对塑性、韧性、焊接性产生不利影响。因此其含量范围为0.09%~0.18%。
硅是固溶强化元素,可以改变奥氏体转变温度,还可以抑制渗碳体析出,稳定奥氏体;但过高的硅会使钢板表面的氧化膜难以去除,硅的含量范围分别为0.40%~1.60%。
锰是置换型固溶强化元素,可以改变奥氏体转变温度,有利于获得细小的相变产物,提高钢的淬透性,锰的含量范围分别为0.80%~2.10%
硫可以提高钢的切削性能,改善钢板的剪切质量,但硫含量高时易形成硫化锰偏析,降低钢板的成形性能,硫含量控制范围为0.001%~0.008%。
为了提高淬透性,还可以加入铬,铬还可以起到固溶强化作用和提高钢的耐蚀性。铬的范围为0.01%~0.60%。
为了提高淬透性,还可以加入钼,钼的范围为0.01%~0.30%。
卷取温度对于钢热轧态的强度和氧化铁皮厚度影响较大,温度低时钢的强度过高,钢的冷轧困难,温度高于氧化铁皮厚度大,酸洗困难。因此,将卷取温度范围规定为500~560℃。
冷轧后表面粗糙度对于钢板实际表面积影响较大,对于带钢在炉内表面的氧化、镀液中铝、镁与带钢的相互作用等影响很大,粗糙度过大,带钢表面氧化较为严重,镀后钢板表面锌渣多;粗糙度小,镀层与钢的结合强度不足;带钢表面最大深度过大时,会造成锌合金镀液对带钢的润湿不足,易造成漏镀缺陷。因此,将钢板表面粗糙度规定为Ra 0.3~0.8μm,Rz≤3μm。
加热温度过低以及氧分压过低时,钢中硅、锰等元素易在表面氧化,给后续还原和热浸镀造成困难;加热温度过高以及氧分压过高时,钢的氧化严重,镀后钢板表面锌渣多,表面质量差。因此,将加热温度规定为620~680℃,炉内氧分压规定为2×10-10~3×10-6Pa。
还原段氧分压过低时,带钢表面的硅、锰等元素易形成稳定性高的复合型氧化物,锌合金镀液对带钢表面的润湿与还原不足,易造成漏镀缺陷;还原段氧分压过高时,带钢表面氧化膜较厚,镀后钢板表面锌渣多,表面质量差。因此,将还原段氧分压规定为4×10-38~5×10-21Pa。
带钢入锌锅温度低于500℃,带钢表面氧化物不能被锌合金液中的铝、镁还原,镀层的附着性较差,且易产生漏镀;带钢入锌锅温度高于540℃时,带钢与锌合金液中的铝反应过于激烈,合金层厚度增加,镀层韧性下降。因此,将带钢入锌锅温度规定为500~540℃。
镀液温度低于420℃时,镀液中铝、镁活度低,与带钢反应不充分,镀层结合强度不足,镀液温度高于480℃时,镀液与带钢反应过于激烈,合金层厚,镀层韧性差。因此,将锌铝镁合金熔液温度规定为420~480℃。
镀液中铝含量小于1%时,铝的活度过低,不能完全还原带钢表面的氧化物;铝含量高于12%时,底渣增加,镀液表面氧化物增加,易造成镀层表面缺陷。镀液中镁含量小于1.0%时,镁的活度过低,不能完全还原带钢表面的氧化物;镁含量高于4.0%,顶渣增加,易造成镀层表面缺陷。镀液中铁含量小于0.002%时,镀液浸蚀性过强,镀液与带钢反应过于激烈,合金层过厚,镀层韧性差;镀液中铁含量大于0.020%时,镀液中锌渣过多,镀层表面质量差。因此,将镀液的化学成分规定为Al 1%~12%,Mg 1.0~4.0%,Fe 0.002%~0.020%。
一般情况下,镀层中铝、镁含量与镀液中的铝、镁含量相同,但是当带钢速度过低、镀液搅拌不充分时,镀层成分偶尔会高于镀液成分。镀层中铝、镁含量过低时,不能形成足够的二元共晶和三元共晶组织,镀层的耐蚀性不够;镀层中铝、镁含量过高时,镀层表面质量较差、制造成本增加、且镀液成分维护较为困难。因此,将镀层的化学成分规定为Al 1%~14%,Mg 1.0~5.0%,余量为锌和不可避免的杂质。
镀后冷却速度小于15℃/s时,镀层组织粗大,且合金层较厚,镀层硬度、韧性均不足,镀后冷却速度大于30℃/s时,镀层表面不平整。因此,将镀后冷却速度控制在15~30℃/s。
带钢转向前温度高于280℃时,镀层硬度不足,易产生擦划伤等表面缺陷。因此,带钢转向前温度要降低至280℃以下。
带钢入锌锅时,可以使用刮刀进一步除去粘附于带钢表面的氧化铝、氧化镁等氧化物。上刮刀1位置离沉没辊过近时,上刮刀的安装困难,上刮刀距沉没辊3过远时,带钢表面氧化物与锌合金液的反应不充分,镀层与带钢的结合强度不足。因此,上刮刀的位置规定在沉没辊3上方50~100mm。下刮刀在带钢4与沉没辊接触的位置时,去除带钢表面氧化物的效果最佳。
上、下刮刀的压力过小时,刮刀与带钢接触不完全,不能完全去除带钢表面的氧化物,上、下刮刀的压力过大时,刮刀易刮伤带钢,且带钢运行阻力增加。因此,将上、下刮刀与带钢的接触压力规定为100~500N/mm2。
本发明可以获得如下有益效果:
提供了一种高表面质量、镀层与钢基结合强度高、镀层硬度高、镀层韧性好的高强度锌铝镁镀层钢板的制造方法,以该方法制造的镀层钢板,同时具有高的耐蚀性和高强度,抗拉强度达到800MPa以上,屈服强度达到560MPa以上,在使用刮刀的情况下,表面质量均可以达到FC级。经180°0a冷弯试验,镀层无剥落现象,没有肉眼可见的裂纹,镀层显微硬度可达100以上。
附图说明
图1为锌锅示意图。
图中,1为上刮刀,2为下刮刀,3为沉没辊,4为带钢。
具体实施方式
本发明公开了一种表面质量好的高强锌铝镁镀层钢板及其制造方法,钢中含有C0.09%~0.18%,Si 0.40%~1.60%,Mn 0.80%~2.10%,S 0.001%~0.008%,还可加入Cr 0.01%~0.60%和/或Mo 0.01%~0.30%,镀液的化学成分为Al 1%~12%,Mg1.0%~4.0%,Fe 0.002%~0.020%。热轧卷取温度为500~560℃,冷轧后钢板表面粗糙度Ra 0.3~0.8μm,Rz≤3μm,加热温度为620~680℃,炉内氧分压2×10-10~3×10-6Pa,随后的加热和冷却过程中炉内氧分压4×10-38~5×10-21Pa,带钢入锌锅温度为500~540℃,锌铝镁合金熔液温度420~480℃,镀后以15~30℃/s的冷却速度冷却,带钢转向前温度降低至280℃以下。带钢入锌锅时,还可以使用刮刀刮去带钢表面污染物。上刮刀1在沉没辊3上方50~100mm,下刮刀2在带钢4与沉没辊接触的位置上,上、下刮刀与带钢的接触压力为100~500N/mm2,见附图1。
以下实施例用于具体说明本发明内容,体现获得的效果。这些实施例仅为本发明内容的一般描述,并不对本发明内容进行限制。表1为钢基的化学成分,表2为锌铝镁镀液成分和镀层成分,表3为锌铝镁镀层钢板的制造工艺参数,表4为锌铝镁镀层钢板的镀层质量与力学性能,表5为刮刀工艺参数与钢板表面质量。
表1钢基化学成分,wt.%
实施例 | C | Si | Mn | S | Cr | Mo |
1 | 0.095 | 0.40 | 2.05 | 0.002 | ||
2 | 0.120 | 0.45 | 2.00 | 0.007 | ||
3 | 0.140 | 1.55 | 1.50 | 0.005 | ||
4 | 0.160 | 0.60 | 1.80 | 0.004 | ||
5 | 0.175 | 1.20 | 0.95 | 0.002 | ||
6 | 0.150 | 0.80 | 1.70 | 0.004 | ||
7 | 0.100 | 1.10 | 1.20 | 0.003 | ||
8 | 0.130 | 0.90 | 1.90 | 0.002 | 0.55 | |
9 | 0.110 | 0.95 | 1.85 | 0.003 | 0.28 | |
10 | 0.120 | 0.85 | 2.00 | 0.004 | 0.02 | 0.02 |
11 | 0.120 | 0.70 | 1.90 | 0.003 | 0.25 | 0.02 |
表2锌铝镁镀液的成分,wt.%
表3锌铝镁镀层钢板的制造工艺参数
表4锌铝镁镀层钢板的镀层质量与力学性能
注:镀层重量为双面总重量,但本发明不限于制造等厚镀层,也可用于单面镀层重量在20~150g/m2范围内、差厚比不大于0.6的差厚镀层。
表5刮刀的工艺参数与钢板的表面质量
实施例 | 上刮刀距沉没辊的距离/mm | 刮刀压力/(N·mm-2) | 表面质量 |
1 | 50 | 100 | FC |
2 | 52 | 200 | FC |
3 | 60 | 300 | FC |
4 | 80 | 400 | FC |
5 | 70 | 500 | FC |
6 | 100 | 400 | FC |
7 | 90 | 300 | FC |
8 | 98 | 200 | FC |
9 | 95 | 120 | FC |
10 | 55 | 480 | FC |
11 | 65 | 300 | FC |
按上述工艺生产出的锌铝镁镀层钢板,抗拉强度达到800MPa以上,屈服强度达到560MPa以上,在使用刮刀的情况下,表面质量均可以达到FC级。经180°0a冷弯试验,镀层无剥落现象,没有肉眼可见的裂纹,镀层显微硬度可达100以上。
Claims (3)
1.一种表面质量好的高强锌铝镁镀层钢板的制造方法,采用冶炼-铸造-热轧-冷轧-连续退火与热浸镀锌铝镁工艺路线制造,其特征在于,
钢的化学成分按重量百分比计为C 0.09%~0.18%,Si 0.40%~1.60%,Mn 0.80%~2.10%,S 0.001%~0.008%,还可加入Cr 0.01%~0.60%和/或Mo 0.01%~0.30%,余量为Fe和不可避免的杂质;镀层的化学成分为Al 1%~14%,Mg 1.0%~5.0%,余量为锌和不可避免的杂质;
热轧卷取温度为500~560℃;冷轧后钢板表面粗糙度Ra0.3~0.8μm,Rz≤3μm;加热温度为620~680℃,炉内氧分压2×10-10~3×10-6Pa,随后的加热和冷却过程中炉内氧分压4×10-38~5×10-21Pa,带钢入锌锅温度为500~540℃;
锌铝镁合金熔液温度420~480℃,镀液的化学成分为Al 1%~12%,Mg 1.0%~4.0%,Fe 0.002%~0.020%,余量为锌和不可避免的杂质,镀后以15~30℃/s的冷却速度冷却,带钢转向前温度降低至280℃以下。
2.如权利要求1所述的表面质量好的高强锌铝镁镀层钢板的制造方法,其特征在于,带钢入锌锅时,使用刮刀刮去带钢表面污染物。
3.如权利要求2所述的表面质量好的高强锌铝镁镀层钢板的制造方法,其特征在于,所述刮刀分为上刮刀和下刮刀,上刮刀(1)在沉没辊(3)上方50~100mm,下刮刀(2)在带钢(4)与沉没辊接触的位置上,上、下刮刀与带钢的接触压力为100~500N/mm2。
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