CN106800794A - 一种防噪声污染的耐热环保材料及其制造方法 - Google Patents

一种防噪声污染的耐热环保材料及其制造方法 Download PDF

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CN106800794A
CN106800794A CN201710039613.XA CN201710039613A CN106800794A CN 106800794 A CN106800794 A CN 106800794A CN 201710039613 A CN201710039613 A CN 201710039613A CN 106800794 A CN106800794 A CN 106800794A
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张维平
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Fuzhou Wei Da Da Electronic Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种防噪声污染的耐热环保材料及其制造方法，该环保材料由液晶高分子聚合物及添加剂制成，所述添加剂包括分散剂、物理发泡剂以及增韧剂，所述分散剂为羟丙基甲基纤维素，所述物理发泡剂为氟碳化合物，所述增韧剂为液体乙丙橡胶，所述防噪声污染的耐热环保材料各成分所占重量百分比分别为液晶高分子聚合物占88.5%‑90.5%，羟丙基甲基纤维素占1.8%‑2.8%，氟碳化合物占4.5%‑6.2%，液体乙丙橡胶占2.5%‑4.4%。本发明的耐热环保材料成型性好、韧性好、降噪性好、耐高温、环境友好。

Description

一种防噪声污染的耐热环保材料及其制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及冶炼节能领域，尤其涉及一种防噪声污染的耐热环保材料及其制造方法。
背景技术
噪音是指：① 音高和音强变化混乱、听起来不谐和的声音。是由发音体不规则的振动产生的（区别于【乐音】），从物理学的角度来看：噪声是发声体做无规则振动时发出的声音。② 同【噪声】：在一定环境中不应有而有的声音。泛指嘈杂、刺耳的声音。从环境保护的角度看：凡是妨碍到人们正常休息、学习和工作的声音，以及对人们要听的声音产生干扰的声音，都属于噪声。噪声是一类引起人烦躁、或音量过强而危害人体健康的声音。噪声污染主要来源于交通运输、车辆鸣笛、工业噪音、建筑施工、社会噪音如音乐厅、高音喇叭、早市和人的大声说话等。
常规的防噪材料一般有：吸音棉、石膏板做的隔音墙，外装一层海绵或者聚氯乙烯泡沫板；或采用中空隔音工艺降低传声；中空双层玻璃窗和塑钢平开密封窗；采用软性吸音材料等。但均有明显的固有缺陷：石膏板、中空双层玻璃窗和塑钢平开密封窗韧性差、易破碎；软性吸音材料、吸音棉、海绵过软，难以成型；吸音棉、海绵、聚氯乙烯泡沫板、软性吸音材料等燃点低，易燃烧，存在安全隐患，且燃烧产物毒害性大，不环保。
发明内容
为解决现有技术中存在的上述缺陷，本发明旨在提供一种成型性好、韧性好、降噪性好、耐高温、环境友好的防噪声污染的耐热环保材料及其制造方法。
为了实现上述发明目的，本发明采用以下技术方案： 一种防噪声污染的耐热环保材料，由液晶高分子聚合物（现有技术中的液晶高分子聚合物主要分全芳香族液晶高分子聚合物和非全芳香族液晶高分子聚合物，用于本发明时并无实质性的功能差异）及添加剂制成，所述添加剂包括分散剂、物理发泡剂以及增韧剂，所述分散剂为羟丙基甲基纤维素，所述物理发泡剂为氟碳化合物，所述增韧剂为液体乙丙橡胶，所述防噪声污染的耐热环保材料各成分所占重量百分比分别为液晶高分子聚合物占88.5%-90.5%，羟丙基甲基纤维素占 1.8%-2.8%，氟碳化合物占4.5%-6.2%，液体乙丙橡胶占 2.5%-4.4%。
上述防噪声污染的耐热环保材料中，液晶高分子聚合物占89.2%，羟丙基甲基纤维素占2.1%，氟碳化合物占5.6%，液体乙丙橡胶占3.1%。
一种防噪声污染的耐热环保材料的制造方法，包括以下步骤：
1）原材料、工装及设备的准备
①将液晶高分子聚合物烘干处理，控制液态水含量不高于0.02%；
②将羟丙基甲基纤维素、氟碳化合物、液体乙丙橡胶与步骤①获得的干燥液晶高分子聚合物混合均匀，获得待用原料混合物；
③将模具预热至115℃-130℃；
④将设备中用于盛装原料的料筒预热至310℃-325℃；
2）塑化
①旋转料筒，控制转速120rpm-140rpm；
②将1）中步骤②获得的待用原料混合物填装进料筒中，控制料筒温度前段310℃-325℃、中段330℃-340℃、后段335℃-350℃，料筒内加热滞留时间35min-38min，即完成塑化工序，获得待注塑胶料；
3）注塑成型
①初始采用20MPa的压力将2）中步骤②获得的待注塑胶料注塑到1）中步骤③获得的预热后的模具中；
②均匀缓慢地增加注塑压力，至注塑完结前提升至32MPa；
③速冷模具，脱模后即获得所需防噪声污染的耐热环保材料。
与现有技术相比较，本发明具有以下优点：采用液晶高分子聚合物作为本发明材料的基体，其具有耐高温（可耐受300℃的长时温度）、易成型、高强度、高刚性、电绝缘性优良等本质特性，可以经济、快捷地实现工业化生产的需要；分散剂的添加增加了所有组分在基体中的均匀性，使最终获得的材料均匀性好、各区域差异小；发泡剂在分散剂的作用下分散均匀，一方面增加了本发明的隔音效果，另一方面防低了本发明的密度，使之更轻便、易于安装；增韧剂的使用在稍稍降低基体刚度的情况下大大增加了本发明的韧性，使之相对软化，隔音效果更好；优选的工艺准备为使本发明更易发泡膨大、更均匀打好了基础，严格控制的工艺参数，尤其是温度（稍高于常规温度，使最终产品更耐热，由于增韧剂的存在及时间的严格控制，不用担心脆化问题）、转速（高于常规转速，经多次试验后发现转速提高后，发泡数量更多、气孔均径更小、也更致密，隔音效果更好）和时间（稍长于常规时间，使发泡更充分、增韧质与基体结合更紧密）的控制使得本发明的最终性能为：强度稍低于常规液晶高分子聚合物塑料，但明显高于常规隔音材料，且密度更低（相对密度0.85-0.89，明显低于常规材料的1.60-1.62），韧性更好（缺口冲击强度370J/m-410J/m，高于常规材料的160J/m-180J/m），耐高温性好（可耐受不高于300℃的长时温度，与最耐高温的常规材料相近），隔音效果更好。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种防噪声污染的耐热环保材料的制造方法，包括以下步骤：
1）原材料、工装及设备的准备
①将全芳香族液晶高分子聚合物烘干处理，控制液态水含量不高于0.02%；
②将羟丙基甲基纤维素、氟碳化合物、液体乙丙橡胶与步骤①获得的干燥液晶高分子聚合物混合均匀，获得待用原料混合物；
③将模具预热至125℃；
④将设备中用于盛装原料的料筒预热至315℃；
2）塑化
①旋转料筒，控制转速130rpm；
②将1）中步骤②获得的待用原料混合物填装进料筒中，控制料筒温度前段315℃、中段335℃、后段340℃，料筒内加热滞留时间36min，即完成塑化工序，获得待注塑胶料；
3）注塑成型
①初始采用20MPa的压力将2）中步骤②获得的待注塑胶料注塑到1）中步骤③获得的预热后的模具中；
②均匀缓慢地增加注塑压力，至注塑完结前提升至32MPa；
③速冷模具，脱模后即获得所需防噪声污染的耐热环保材料。
上述1）中步骤②的原材料中，液晶高分子聚合物占89.2%，羟丙基甲基纤维素占2.1%，氟碳化合物占5.6%，液体乙丙橡胶占3.1%。
实施例2
主体同实施例1，差异之处在于：
选用非全芳香族液晶高分子聚合物；
1）原材料、工装及设备的准备
③将模具预热至115℃；
④将设备中用于盛装原料的料筒预热至310℃；
2）塑化
①旋转料筒，控制转速120rpm；
②将1）中步骤②获得的待用原料混合物填装进料筒中，控制料筒温度前段310℃、中段330℃、后段335℃，料筒内加热滞留时间35min，即完成塑化工序，获得待注塑胶料；
1）中步骤②的原材料中，液晶高分子聚合物占88.5%，羟丙基甲基纤维素占 1.8%，氟碳化合物占6.2%，液体乙丙橡胶占 3.5%。
实施例3
主体同实施例1，差异之处在于：
1）原材料、工装及设备的准备
③将模具预热至130℃；
④将设备中用于盛装原料的料筒预热至325℃；
2）塑化
①旋转料筒，控制转速140rpm；
②将1）中步骤②获得的待用原料混合物填装进料筒中，控制料筒温度前段325℃、中段340℃、后段350℃，料筒内加热滞留时间38min，即完成塑化工序，获得待注塑胶料；
1）中步骤②的原材料中，液晶高分子聚合物占90.5%，羟丙基甲基纤维素占2.5%，氟碳化合物占4.5%，液体乙丙橡胶占2.5%。
实施例4
主体同实施例1，差异之处在于：
1）中步骤②的原材料中，液晶高分子聚合物占88.5%，羟丙基甲基纤维素占2.5%，氟碳化合物占4.6%，液体乙丙橡胶占4.4%。
实施例5
主体同实施例1，差异之处在于：
1）中步骤②的原材料中，液晶高分子聚合物占89.0%，羟丙基甲基纤维素占2.8%，氟碳化合物占4.7%，液体乙丙橡胶占3.5%。
本发明的防噪声污染的耐热环保材料的可承受300℃的高温，噪音的隔声指数可达到80dB-90dB，轻便、节能、环保。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，仅为了使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (3)

1.一种防噪声污染的耐热环保材料，由液晶高分子聚合物及添加剂制成，其特征在于：所述添加剂包括分散剂、物理发泡剂以及增韧剂，所述分散剂为羟丙基甲基纤维素，所述物理发泡剂为氟碳化合物，所述增韧剂为液体乙丙橡胶，所述防噪声污染的耐热环保材料各成分所占重量百分比分别为液晶高分子聚合物占88.5%-90.5%，羟丙基甲基纤维素占1.8%-2.8%，氟碳化合物占4.5%-6.2%，液体乙丙橡胶占2.5%-4.4%。
2.根据权利要求 1 所述防噪声污染的耐热环保材料，其特征在于：所述的液晶高分子聚合物占89.2%，羟丙基甲基纤维素占2.1%，氟碳化合物占5.6%，液体乙丙橡胶占3.1%。
3.一种防噪声污染的耐热环保材料的制造方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：
1）原材料、工装及设备的准备
①将液晶高分子聚合物烘干处理，控制液态水含量不高于0.02%；
②将羟丙基甲基纤维素、氟碳化合物、液体乙丙橡胶与步骤①获得的干燥液晶高分子聚合物混合均匀，获得待用原料混合物；
③将模具预热至115℃-130℃；
④将设备中用于盛装原料的料筒预热至310℃-325℃；
2）塑化
①旋转料筒，控制转速120rpm-140rpm；
②将1）中步骤②获得的待用原料混合物填装进料筒中，控制料筒温度前段310℃-325℃、中段330℃-340℃、后段335℃-350℃，料筒内加热滞留时间35min-38min，即完成塑化工序，获得待注塑胶料；
3）注塑成型
①初始采用20MPa的压力将2）中步骤②获得的待注塑胶料注塑到1）中步骤③获得的预热后的模具中；
②均匀缓慢地增加注塑压力，至注塑完结前提升至32MPa；
③速冷模具，脱模后即获得所需防噪声污染的耐热环保材料。
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