CN106800515A - 一种具有芴胺结构的有机电致发光材料及其应用 - Google Patents

一种具有芴胺结构的有机电致发光材料及其应用 Download PDF

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CN106800515A
CN106800515A CN201611122303.6A CN201611122303A CN106800515A CN 106800515 A CN106800515 A CN 106800515A CN 201611122303 A CN201611122303 A CN 201611122303A CN 106800515 A CN106800515 A CN 106800515A
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fluorenamine
electroluminescent organic
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陈慕欣
李向阳
宋贺
张世才
万国君
于发喜
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Yantai Jiumu Chemical Co., Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种具有芴胺结构的有机电致发光材料及其应用,上述具有芴胺结构的有机电致发光材料具有如下所示的分子结构:其中,R选自苯基、联苯基、三联苯基、萘基、芴基、苯并呋喃基、苯并噻吩基、二苯并呋喃基、二苯并噻吩基、芘基、菲基、苯并芴酮基中的一种。本发明中提供的具有芴胺结构的有机电致发光材料,应用于OLED发光器件中,器件的外量子效率、功率效率和电流效率都得到较大的提升,并且器件的使用寿命也有明显的延长,具有良好的市场前景。

Description

一种具有芴胺结构的有机电致发光材料及其应用
技术领域
本发明涉及有机电致发光材料领域,尤其涉及一种具有芴胺结构的有机电致发光材料及其应用。
背景技术
有机电致发光二级管(OLED)产生于上世纪80年代,具有自发光、广视角、响应速度快、可实现柔性显示等诸多优点,这使其成为下一代平板显示技术的最有利竞争者,受到人们极大的关注,并且经过二十余年的发展,该技术已逐步走向成熟。
目前,有机电致发光技术,主要被应用在两个领域中,分别为全彩显示和白光照明,基于OLED显示技术的商品,已经逐步实现产业化,比如,在智能手机、曲面电视等商品中,已经较广泛地应用了该项技术。
用于有机电致发光器件的材料主要包括电极材料、载流子传输材料、发光材料,其中发光材料在OLED中占有重要位置。
为了实现全彩显示,分别需要红、绿、蓝三种颜色的发光器件,与红光器件和绿光器件相比,蓝色发光器件尚不够成熟,器件寿命和效率偏低。人们正通过超净技术和封装技术,开发具有高玻璃化转变温度的蓝光材料等来提高蓝光器件的寿命,而掺杂技术和开发具有两极结构的新型材料,则是提高器件效率的方向。
掺杂技术是通过将发光材料(客体材料)分散在其它材料(主体材料)之中,来降低发光材料的浓度,从而避免分子间聚集和浓度淬灭,进而实现提高器件效率,改善电致发光色纯度,延长器件寿命的目的。
就当前OLED显示照明产业的实际需求而言,目前OLED材料的发展还远远不够,落后于面板制造企业的要求,作为材料企业开发更高性能的有机功能材料显得尤为重要。
发明内容
针对现有的OLED材料存在的上述问题,现提供一种新型的具有芴胺结构的小分子有机电致发光材料及其应用,该类材料可以作为发光材料应用在有机电致发光器件中,使得该类有机电致发光器件具有较高的功率效率和电流效率。
具体技术方案如下:
本发明的第一个方面是提供一种具有芴胺结构的有机电致发光材料,具有这样的特征,有机电致发光材料具有式(Ⅰ)所示的分子结构:
式(Ⅰ)中,R选自芳香取代基团,优选为含有取代基或不含取代基的苯基、联苯基、三联苯基、萘基、芴基、苯并呋喃基、苯并噻吩基、二苯并呋喃基、二苯并噻吩基、芘基、菲基或苯并芴酮基中的一种,更优选为苯基、联苯基、三联苯基、萘基、芴基、苯并呋喃基、苯并噻吩基、二苯并呋喃基、二苯并噻吩基、芘基、菲基、苯并芴酮基中的一种。
优选的,本发明中提供的具有芴胺结构的有机电致发光材料为如下1-30结构式中的任意一个:
本发明中上述有机电致发光材料的制备方法为:
本发明的第二个方面是提供一种具有芴胺结构的有机电致发光材料在制备有机电致发光器件中的应用。
本发明的第三个方面是提供一种有机电致发光器件,该有机电致发光器件中含有多个功能层,还具有这样的特征,至少有一个功能层含有上述的有机电致发光材料。
本发明中所制备的有机电致发光材料一般包括依次叠加的透明基板层、透明电极层、空穴注入层、空穴传输层、发光层(涉及本发明中提供的具有芴胺结构的有机电致发光材料)、电子传输层、电子注入层(LiF)和阴极反射电机层(Al),所有功能层均采用真空蒸镀工艺制成。
应当理解,本发明中制作OLED器件的目的,只是为了更好地说明,本发明中提供的具有芴胺结构的有机电致发光材料所具有的电致发光能力,而并非是对本发明所提供的有机电致发光材料的应用范围的限制。
上述方案的有益效果是:
本发明中提供的具有芴胺结构的有机电致发光材料,应用于OLED发光器件中,器件的外量子效率、功率效率和电流效率都得到较大的提升,并且器件的使用寿命也有明显的延长,具有良好的市场前景。
附图说明
图1为本发明的实施例中提供的有机电致发光器件的结构示意图,由下层至上层,依次为透明基板层(1)、透明电极层(2)、空穴注入层(3)、空穴传输层(4)、发光层(5)、电子传输层(6)、电子注入层(7)、阴极反射电极层(8),其中,发光层(5)涉及到本发明中所提供的具有氧芴结构的有机电致发光材料。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本发明中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
实施例1化合物1的制备
在500ml的三口瓶,在通入氮气的保护下,加入37.25g化合物A(50mmol)、11.65g化合物B(50mmol)、0.58g四三苯基膦合钯(0.5mmol)、10.6g碳酸钠(100mmol)、745g甲苯,加热回流24小时,TLC跟踪至化合物A消失。反应完成后自然冷却至25℃,过滤,甲苯20ml*3淋洗,滤液水洗200g*3至pH=7,有机相干燥后,过硅胶柱。过柱毕,20ml*3淋洗硅胶柱,过柱毕,淋洗液与过柱液合并旋蒸脱出溶剂,300ml甲醇与100ml甲苯混合溶液打浆两次,烘干后得32g化合物1,收率:75%,HPLC:99.8%。
HPLC-MS:理论分子量为853.4,实际检测结果分子量为853.7。
实施例2化合物2的制备
在500ml的三口瓶,在通入氮气的保护下,加入37.25g化合物A(50mmol)、10.35g化合物C(50mmol)、0.58g四三苯基膦合钯(0.5mmol)、10.6g碳酸钠(100mmol)、745g甲苯,加热回流24小时,TLC跟踪至化合物A消失。反应完成后自然冷却至25℃,过滤,甲苯20ml*3淋洗,滤液水洗200g*3至pH=7,有机相干燥后,过硅胶柱。过柱毕,20ml*3淋洗硅胶柱,过柱毕,淋洗液与过柱液合并旋蒸脱出溶剂,300ml甲醇与100ml甲苯混合溶液打浆两次,烘干后得29.8g化合物2,收率:72%,HPLC:99.6%。
HPLC-MS:理论分子量为827.4,实际检测结果分子量为827.2。
实施例3化合物3的制备
13.2g化合物D(50mmol)、0.58g四三苯基膦合钯(0.5mmol)、13.8g碳酸钾(100mmol)、745g甲苯,加热回流24小时,TLC跟踪至化合物A消失。反应完成后自然冷却至25℃,过滤,甲苯20ml*3淋洗,滤液水洗200g*3至pH=7,有机相干燥后,过硅胶柱。过柱毕,20ml*3淋洗硅胶柱,过柱毕,淋洗液与过柱液合并旋蒸脱出溶剂,300ml甲醇与100ml甲苯混合溶液打浆两次,烘干后得32.5g化合物3,收率:70%,HPLC:99.5%。
HPLC-MS:理论分子量为929.4,实际检测结果分子量为929.2。
实施例4化合物4的制备
在500ml的三口瓶,在通入氮气的保护下,加入37.25g化合物A(50mmol)、13g化合物E(50mmol)、0.58g四三苯基膦合钯(0.5mmol)、10.6g碳酸钠(100mmol)、745g甲苯,加热回流24小时,TLC跟踪至化合物A消失。反应完成后自然冷却至25℃,过滤,甲苯20ml*3淋洗,滤液水洗200g*3至pH=7,有机相干燥后,过硅胶柱。过柱毕,20ml*3淋洗硅胶柱,过柱毕,淋洗液与过柱液合并旋蒸脱出溶剂,300ml甲醇与100ml甲苯混合溶液打浆两次,烘干后得32.5g化合物4,收率:78%,HPLC:99.8%。
HPLC-MS:理论分子量为833.3,实际检测结果分子量为833.5。
实施例5化合物5的制备
在500ml的三口瓶,在通入氮气的保护下,加入37.25g化合物A(50mmol)、13.2g化合物F(50mmol)、0.58g四三苯基膦合钯(0.5mmol)、13.8g碳酸钾(100mmol)、745g甲苯,加热回流24小时,TLC跟踪至化合物A消失。反应完成后自然冷却至25℃,过滤,甲苯20ml*3淋洗,滤液水洗200g*3至pH=7,有机相干燥后,过硅胶柱。过柱毕,20ml*3淋洗硅胶柱,过柱毕,淋洗液与过柱液合并旋蒸脱出溶剂,300ml甲醇与100ml甲苯混合溶液打浆两次,烘干后得32.5g化合物5,收率:70%,HPLC:99.5%。
HPLC-MS:理论分子量为817,实际检测结果分子量为817.3。
实施例6化合物6的制备
在500ml的三口瓶,在通入氮气的保护下,加入37.25g化合物A(50mmol)、12.3g化合物G(50mmol)、0.58g四三苯基膦合钯(0.5mmol)、13.8g碳酸钾(100mmol)、745g甲苯,加热回流24小时,TLC跟踪至化合物A消失。反应完成后自然冷却至25℃,过滤,甲苯20ml*3淋洗,滤液水洗200g*3至pH=7,有机相干燥后,过硅胶柱。过柱毕,20ml*3淋洗硅胶柱,过柱毕,淋洗液与过柱液合并旋蒸脱出溶剂,300ml甲醇与100ml甲苯混合溶液打浆两次,烘干后得29.5g化合物6,收率:68%,HPLC:99.6%。
HPLC-MS:理论分子量为867,实际检测结果分子量为867.2.
实施例7化合物7的制备
在500ml的三口瓶,在通入氮气的保护下,加入37.25g化合物A(50mmol)、15.5g化合物H(50mmol)、0.58g四三苯基膦合钯(0.5mmol)、13.8g碳酸钾(100mmol)、745g甲苯,加热回流24小时,TLC跟踪至化合物A消失。反应完成后自然冷却至25℃,过滤,甲苯20ml*3淋洗,滤液水洗200g*3至pH=7,有机相干燥后,过硅胶柱。过柱毕,20ml*3淋洗硅胶柱,过柱毕,淋洗液与过柱液合并旋蒸脱出溶剂,300ml甲醇与100ml甲苯混合溶液打浆两次,烘干后得33.5g化合物7,收率:79%,HPLC:99.7%。
HPLC-MS:理论分子量为883,实际检测结果分子量为883.4。
实施例8化合物8的制备
在500ml的三口瓶,在通入氮气的保护下,加入37.25g化合物A(50mmol)、12.8g化合物I(50mmol)、0.58g四三苯基膦合钯(0.5mmol)、13.8g碳酸钾(100mmol)、745g甲苯,加热回流24小时,TLC跟踪至化合物A消失。反应完成后自然冷却至25℃,过滤,甲苯20ml*3淋洗,滤液水洗200g*3至pH=7,有机相干燥后,过硅胶柱。过柱毕,20ml*3淋洗硅胶柱,过柱毕,淋洗液与过柱液合并旋蒸脱出溶剂,300ml甲醇与100ml甲苯混合溶液打浆两次,烘干后得32.8g化合物8,收率:75%,HPLC:99.5%。
HPLC-MS:理论分子量为877,实际检测结果分子量为877.2。
实施例9化合物9的制备
在500ml的三口瓶,在通入氮气的保护下,加入37.25g化合物A(50mmol)、14g化合物J(50mmol)、0.58g四三苯基膦合钯(0.5mmol)、13.8g碳酸钾(100mmol)、745g甲苯,加热回流24小时,TLC跟踪至化合物A消失。反应完成后自然冷却至25℃,过滤,甲苯20ml*3淋洗,滤液水洗200g*3至pH=7,有机相干燥后,过硅胶柱。过柱毕,20ml*3淋洗硅胶柱,过柱毕,淋洗液与过柱液合并旋蒸脱出溶剂,300ml甲醇与100ml甲苯混合溶液打浆两次,烘干后得33.8g化合物9,收率:75%,HPLC:99.5%。
HPLC-MS:理论分子量为901,实际检测结果分子量为901.3。
实施例10化合物10的制备
在500ml的三口瓶,在通入氮气的保护下,加入37.25g化合物A(50mmol)、15.4g化合物K(50mmol)、0.58g四三苯基膦合钯(0.5mmol)、13.8g碳酸钾(100mmol)、745g甲苯,加热回流24小时,TLC跟踪至化合物A消失。反应完成后自然冷却至25℃,过滤,甲苯20ml*3淋洗,滤液水洗200g*3至pH=7,有机相干燥后,过硅胶柱。过柱毕,20ml*3淋洗硅胶柱,过柱毕,淋洗液与过柱液合并旋蒸脱出溶剂,300ml甲醇与100ml甲苯混合溶液打浆两次,烘干后得36.2g化合物10,收率:78%,HPLC:99.7%。
HPLC-MS:理论分子量为929,实际检测结果分子量为929.3。
实施例11化合物11的制备
在500ml的三口瓶,在通入氮气的保护下,加入37.25g化合物A(50mmol)、16.05g化合物L(50mmol)、0.58g四三苯基膦合钯(0.5mmol)、13.8g碳酸钾(100mmol)、745g甲苯,加热回流24小时,TLC跟踪至化合物A消失。反应完成后自然冷却至25℃,过滤,甲苯20ml*3淋洗,滤液水洗200g*3至pH=7,有机相干燥后,过硅胶柱。过柱毕,20ml*3淋洗硅胶柱,过柱毕,淋洗液与过柱液合并旋蒸脱出溶剂,300ml甲醇与100ml甲苯混合溶液打浆两次,烘干后得37.7g化合物11,收率:80%,HPLC:99.7%。
HPLC-MS:理论分子量为942,实际检测结果分子量为942.3。
有机电致发光器件实施例
本发明的实施例12-22中分别以化合物1-11制备获得有机电致发光器件1-11,其中,上述有机电致发光器件的制备方法如下:
a)对具有透明基板层的透明电极层(透明电极层的膜厚210nm)进行光刻和蚀刻,使其形成所需的规则的透明电极层的图形,然后对玻璃透明基板层依次进行碱洗、高纯水洗涤,有机相干燥后再进行紫外线-臭氧洗涤来清除透明电极层表面的有机残留物;
b)在透明电极层上真空蒸镀空穴注入层,厚度为60nm;
c)在空穴注入层之上,真空蒸镀空穴传输层,厚度为10nm;
c)在空穴传输层之上,真空蒸镀发光层,厚度为20nm;
d)在发光层之上,真空蒸镀电子传输层,厚度为25nm;
g)在电子传输层之上,真空蒸镀电子注入层(LiF),厚度为1nm;
f)在电子注入层之上,真空蒸镀反射电极层(Al),厚度为130nm。
同时,本发明中以上述有机电致发光器件的制备方法制备对比器件,其中,器件1-11及对比器件中主要结构层如下表所示:
上表中,有机化合物A1的结构式为
有机化合物B1的结构式为
有机化合物C1的结构式为
有机化合物D1的结构式为
上述制备获得的器件1-11及对比器件在制作完成后,用驱动电路将阳极和阴极连接起来,并利用辉度测定仪(株式会社TOPCON制,商品名BM7)测量器件的发光效率、发光光谱以及器件的电流-电压特性,各器件的性能如下表所示:
由上表分析可知,选用本发明的化合物作为OLED器件发光材料,对比现有材料应用的OLED发光器件,器件的发光效率,器件的色纯度等性能均有良好的表现;在OLED器件的应用上具有很大的应用价值和商业价值,具备良好的产业化前景。
以上所述仅为本发明较佳的实施例,并非因此限制本发明的实施方式及保护范围,对于本领域技术人员而言,应当能够意识到凡运用本发明说明书及图示内容所作出的等同替换和显而易见的变化所得到的方案,均应当包含在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (5)

1.一种具有芴胺结构的有机电致发光材料,其特征在于,所述有机电致发光材料为以二芴胺为中心结构的小分子,其分子结构如式(Ⅰ)所示:
式(Ⅰ)中,R选自芳香取代基团。
2.根据权利要求1所述的有机电致发光材料,其特征在于,R选自含有取代基或不含取代基的苯基、联苯基、三联苯基、萘基、芴基、苯并呋喃基、苯并噻吩基、二苯并呋喃基、二苯并噻吩基、芘基、菲基或苯并芴酮基中的一种。
3.根据权利要求2所述的有机电致发光材料,其特征在于,R选自苯基、联苯基、三联苯基、萘基、芴基、苯并呋喃基、苯并噻吩基、二苯并呋喃基、二苯并噻吩基、芘基、菲基或苯并芴酮基中的一种。
4.一种根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的具有芴胺结构的有机电致发光材料在制备有机电致发光器件中的应用。
5.一种有机电致发光器件,包括多个功能层,其特征在于,至少有一个所述功能层含有权利要求1-3任一项所述的具有芴胺结构有机电致发光材料。
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