CN106799493A - A kind of powder preheating device and its application for selective laser fusing powder feeding - Google Patents
A kind of powder preheating device and its application for selective laser fusing powder feeding Download PDFInfo
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- CN106799493A CN106799493A CN201611193886.1A CN201611193886A CN106799493A CN 106799493 A CN106799493 A CN 106799493A CN 201611193886 A CN201611193886 A CN 201611193886A CN 106799493 A CN106799493 A CN 106799493A
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- storage powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/90—Means for process control, e.g. cameras or sensors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/10—Auxiliary heating means
- B22F12/13—Auxiliary heating means to preheat the material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/50—Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads
- B22F12/52—Hoppers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/50—Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads
- B22F12/57—Metering means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to advanced Rapid Manufacturing Technology field; and disclose a kind of powder preheating device that powder feeding is melted for selective laser; including storage powder funnel, vavuum pump, protection gas air accumulator, supply unit and central controller, the vavuum pump and the protection gas air accumulator are connected by the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe with the storage powder funnel respectively；The 3rd magnetic valve is provided with the outlet at bottom of the storage powder funnel；The lateral wall of the storage powder funnel is enclosed with thermal insulation layer；Outer wall around the storage powder funnel is provided with induction coil；It is provided with the storage powder funnel for detecting the temperature sensor of metal dust temperature and the pressure sensor for pressure in detection storage powder funnel in storage powder funnel.Simple structure of the present invention, it is easy to operate, the utilization rate of metal dust can be improved while realizing that metal dust is preheated.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to advanced Rapid Manufacturing Technology field, powder feeding is melted for selective laser more particularly, to one kind
Powder preheating device and its application.
Background technology
Selective laser fusing (Selective laser melting, SLM) technology is collection CAD, numerical control
Technology, increasing material manufacturing are in the advanced manufacturing technology of one.SLM is using the direct fusing metal powder of superlaser come successively into shape
Part, so be particularly suitable for the complicated part of machining shape, especially zero with complicated inner cavity structure and with individual demand
Part.
However, in SLM forming processes, metal powder material instant melting, cooling and solidifying in the presence of superlaser
Gu, its cooling velocity is up to 103-105K/s, makes product inside produce larger residual stress, in turn results in hole, crackle etc. and lacks
Fall into, reduce the quality of drip molding.At present, eliminating the method for SLM drip molding residual stress mainly has basal plate preheating and shaping to retreat
Fire.Wherein, for basal plate preheating, when drip molding reaches certain thickness, the top of drip molding can not be fully warmed-up, shadow
Ring pre-heat effect.And for shaping after annealing treatment, although this method is good for eliminating residual stress effect, to drip molding
Size influence it is larger.
There are some researches show metal powder material is preheated also can effectively reduce or eliminate the internal stress of product.It is right
Metal dust is preheated, and one is that can play a part of drying, improves the mobility of metal dust；Two is to enhance metal material
To the absorptivity of laser, laser utilization is improve；Three is to reduce the temperature difference before and after metal powder material processing, reduces heat
Stress；Four is that formed part is wrapped up by the metal dust by preheating, and cooling velocity is slow down to a certain extent, is reduced residual
Residue stress, reduces the formability of crackle hole.
Patent CN103100713A, CN104289711A and CN105014071A etc. propose different powder material preheating sides
Method.Wherein, CN104289711A is to preheat powder material by way of the pre-heating system being installed in working chamber is with radiation exposure, this
The method of kind can not be fully warmed-up the metal dust of powder cylinder bottom, and distribution of the temperature in powder cylinder upper metal powder
It is also uneven, pre-heat effect is undesirable.CN103100713A and CN105014071A are in the circumferentially disposed heating of powder cylinder
Device, preheats to powder material.However, this method the disadvantage is that, on the one hand, when preheating temperature is higher, in metal dust
Pernicious gas such as vapor can pollute protective atmosphere in whole forming cavity；On the other hand, in the circumferentially disposed heating dress of powder cylinder
Put so that whole working cylinder volume is superfluous big, internal structure complexity maintenance difficult.Additionally, this lower powder feeding side based on powder cylinder
Utilization rate of the formula in formation of parts to metal dust is low, so to prepare the gold than workpiece volume the more again before shaping every time
Category powder.And, when supplementing metal dust in forming process, also needing to open hatch door, process is more numerous and diverse, drip molding
Quality can also be affected.
The content of the invention
For the disadvantages described above or Improvement requirement of prior art, powder feeding is melted for selective laser the invention provides one kind
Powder preheating device and its application, using storage powder funnel come convey metal dust can solve in the prior art metal dust profit
With the low problem of rate, while it can carry out controllable heating to the metal dust in funnel, metal dust is heated evenly, reduced
Residual stress in SLM drip moldings, it is to avoid the deformation that occurs due to larger residual stress in forming process, warpage and cannot add
The problems such as work.
To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a kind of to melt powder feeding for selective laser
Powder preheating device, it is characterised in that including storage powder funnel, vavuum pump, protection gas air accumulator, supply unit and center control
Device, wherein,
The vavuum pump and the protection gas air accumulator respectively by the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe with it is described
The funnel connection of storage powder, and the first magnetic valve and the second electricity are respectively arranged with first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe
Magnet valve；
The 3rd magnetic valve is provided with the outlet at bottom of the storage powder funnel, powder is gone out for the control storage powder funnel
Amount；
The lateral wall of the storage powder funnel is enclosed with thermal insulation layer, for keeping the temperature of metal dust in the storage powder funnel
Degree；
Outer wall around the storage powder funnel is provided with induction coil, and the induction coil is connected with the supply unit；
It is provided with the storage powder funnel for the temperature sensor of metal dust temperature in detection storage powder funnel and is used for
The pressure sensor of pressure in detection storage powder funnel；
The central controller respectively with the temperature sensor, supply unit, the first magnetic valve, the second magnetic valve,
Three magnetic valves, temperature sensor and pressure sensor connection.
Preferably, it is provided with seal washer between the storage powder funnel and cover plate.
Preferably, the supply unit is high frequency electric source or intermediate frequency power supply.
Preferably, it is provided with cover plate at the top of the storage powder funnel.
According to another aspect of the present invention, additionally provide described powder preheating device and preheat and convey metal dust
Method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
A () opens selective laser fusing former, start central controller；
B () is sent closure signal and makes it by central controller to the first magnetic valve, the second magnetic valve and the 3rd magnetic valve
Be turned off, then to storage powder funnel in add shaping needed for metal dust, and by metal dust be sealed in it is described storage powder funnel
It is interior；
C () central controller opens the first magnetic valve, start vavuum pump and storage powder funnel is vacuumized, by pressure sensor
Obtain storing up the vacuum values in powder funnel, the first magnetic valve, Ran Houkai are closed when vacuum values reach -102kPa~-95kPa Pa
The second magnetic valve and starting protection gas air accumulator are opened, to protection gas is filled in storage powder funnel, when pressure sensor detects storage powder leakage
When pressure value reaches standard atmospheric pressure in bucket, the second magnetic valve and protection gas air accumulator are closed；
D () central controller power-on device, supply unit produces electric current, electric current to flow through sensing after receiving enabling signal
Coil, induction coil produces alternating magnetic field under the function of current, and the metal dust in storage powder funnel is in the presence of alternating magnetic field
Produce and magnetic field is produced in alternating current, metal dust, eddy-current loss and magnetic hystersis loss make metal dust generate heat, in this way,
Metal dust is heated；
E () temperature sensor carries out real-time monitoring to the temperature of metal dust in storage powder funnel, and feed back to central control
Device, the size of the electric current that central controller is produced according to the temperature information for receiving come regulation power supply device, to realize storing up powder funnel
Interior metal dust temperature it is constant；
(f) when store up powder funnel in metal dust temperature reach sets requirement after, the magnetic valve of central controller controls the 3rd
Opening and closing, to realize storing up the conveying of metal dust in powder funnel.
In general, by the contemplated above technical scheme of the present invention compared with prior art, can obtain down and show
Beneficial effect：
(1) using storage powder funnel powder feeding, can be conveyed by each powdering aequum, be greatly reduced whole selective laser
The usage amount of metal dust during melting process, makes selective laser melting process process more save metal dust, in addition, working as
When the not enough needs of metal dust are supplemented in storage powder funnel, can be in the case where avoiding opening shaping cabin directly to storage powder funnel
Middle addition metal dust, easy to operate, forming process is not easy to be affected.
(2) metal dust can be preheated before forming, one is that can play a part of drying, shaping can be with baking powder simultaneously
Carry out, the step for drying metal dust is needed before simplifying shaping, saved the time；Two enhance metal material to laser
Absorptivity, improves laser utilization；Three is to reduce the temperature difference before and after metal powder material processing, reduces thermal stress；Four
It is to wrap up drip molding by the metal dust for preheating, the cooling velocity of drip molding is slow down to a certain extent, reduces residual
Residue stress, reduces the formability of crackle hole.
(3) vavuum pump of the storage powder funnel is connected with protection gas air accumulator, can be to easy oxygen in drying/warm
Change metal dust to be protected, it is to avoid the generation of oxidation, and the pernicious gas that metal dust is produced in drying/warm
Such as vapor will not be impacted to the protective atmosphere in forming cavity.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, it is right below in conjunction with drawings and Examples
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.As long as additionally, technical characteristic involved in invention described below each implementation method
Not constituting conflict each other can just be mutually combined.
Reference picture 1, a kind of powder preheating device that powder feeding is melted for selective laser, including storage powder funnel 1, vavuum pump 6,
Protection gas air accumulator 7, supply unit 10 and central controller 11, wherein,
The vavuum pump 6 and the protection gas air accumulator 7 pass through the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe and institute respectively
State storage powder funnel 1 to connect, and the first magnetic valve 4 and the are respectively arranged with first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe
Two magnetic valves 5；
The 3rd magnetic valve 8 is provided with the outlet at bottom of the storage powder funnel 1, for controlling the storage powder funnel 1
Powder outlet quantity；
The lateral wall of the storage powder funnel 1 is enclosed with thermal insulation layer 3, for keeping metal dust in the storage powder funnel 1
Temperature；
Outer wall around the storage powder funnel 1 is provided with induction coil 9, the induction coil 9 and the supply unit 10
Connection；
The He of temperature sensor 12 for detecting metal dust temperature in storage powder funnel 1 is provided with the storage powder funnel 1
Pressure sensor 13 for detecting pressure in storage powder funnel 1；
The central controller 11 is electric with the temperature sensor 12, supply unit 10, the first magnetic valve 4, second respectively
Magnet valve 5, the 3rd magnetic valve 8, temperature sensor 12 and pressure sensor 13 are connected.
Further, the top of the storage powder funnel 1 is provided with cover plate 2, is provided between the storage powder funnel 1 and cover plate 2
Seal washer, metal dust is put into order to open in the backward storage powder funnel 1 of cover plate 2.
Further, the supply unit 10 is high frequency electric source or intermediate frequency power supply.
The powder preheating device based on the upper automatic powder feeding system of selective laser fusing told, its course of work includes following step
Suddenly：
A () opens selective laser fusing former, start central controller 11；
B () sends closure signal by three magnetic valves of central controller 11 pair closes it, opens the cover plate of storage powder funnel 1
2, to metal dust needed for adding shaping in storage powder funnel 1, cover plate 2 is shut afterwards, now whole storage powder funnel 1 is in sealing shape
State, metal dust is sealed in storage powder funnel 1；
C () opens the first magnetic valve 4 by central controller 11, start 6 pairs of storage powder funnels 1 of vavuum pump and vacuumize, and passes through
Pressure sensor 13 obtains storing up the pressure value in powder funnel 1, when pressure reaches -102kPa~-95kPa, closes the first electromagnetism
Valve 4, opens the second magnetic valve 5, and starting protection gas air accumulator 7 fills protection gas to storage powder funnel 1, the pressure in storage powder funnel 1
When reaching standard atmospheric pressure, the second magnetic valve 5 and protection gas air accumulator 7 are adjusted, the throughput reduced in feeding gas storage funnel is straight
To the second magnetic valve of closing 5 and protection gas air accumulator 7；
(d) by the power-on device 10 of central controller 11, supply unit 10 receive produce after enabling signal high frequency or
Electric current of intermediate frequency, electric current flows through induction coil 9, and induction coil 9 produces alternating magnetic field under the function of current, and metal dust is in alternation magnetic
Alternating current (vortex), the conductor that metal dust is formed is produced to form magnetic field, eddy-current loss and magnetic hystersis loss in the presence of
Metal dust is generated heat, in this way, metal dust is heated；
E () temperature sensor 12 can carry out real-time monitoring to the temperature of metal dust in storage powder, and feed back to central control
Device processed 11, the size of current that central controller 11 is produced according to the temperature information for receiving come regulation power supply device 10 realizes storage powder
Metal dust temperature is constant in funnel 1；
F () controls storage powder funnel 11 after metal dust temperature reaches requirement in storage powder funnel 1 by central controller 11
The closure of the 3rd magnetic valve 8 in powder falling pipeline, realizes the control of metal dust conveying capacity.
In addition, in forming process when metal dust amount deficiency need to supplement metal dust, need to first suspend processing, the 3rd is closed
Magnetic valve 8, repeats the above steps (b) and (c).
In sum, compared with prior art, its simple structure is easy to operate for the present invention, is realizing metal dust preheating
While can improve the utilization rate of metal dust, therefore the present invention effectively overcomes the various shortcoming of prior art and has higher
Industrial utilization.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, it is not used to
The limitation present invention, all any modification, equivalent and improvement made within the spirit and principles in the present invention etc., all should include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of powder preheating device that powder feeding is melted for selective laser, it is characterised in that including storage powder funnel, vavuum pump,
Protection gas air accumulator, supply unit and central controller, wherein,
The vavuum pump and the protection gas air accumulator pass through the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe and the storage powder respectively
Funnel is connected, and the first magnetic valve and the second electromagnetism are respectively arranged with first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe
Valve；
The 3rd magnetic valve is provided with the outlet at bottom of the storage powder funnel, for controlling the powder outlet quantity of the storage powder funnel；
The lateral wall of the storage powder funnel is enclosed with thermal insulation layer, for keeping the temperature of metal dust in the storage powder funnel；
Outer wall around the storage powder funnel is provided with induction coil, and the induction coil is connected with the supply unit；
It is provided with the storage powder funnel for the temperature sensor of metal dust temperature in detection storage powder funnel and for detecting
The pressure sensor of pressure in storage powder funnel；
The central controller respectively with the temperature sensor, supply unit, the first magnetic valve, the second magnetic valve, the 3rd electricity
Magnet valve, temperature sensor and pressure sensor connection.
2. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of for selective laser melt powder feeding powder preheating device, it is characterised in that institute
State and be provided with seal washer between storage powder funnel and cover plate.
3. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of for selective laser melt powder feeding powder preheating device, it is characterised in that institute
Supply unit is stated for high frequency electric source or intermediate frequency power supply.
4. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of for selective laser melt powder feeding powder preheating device, it is characterised in that institute
State and be provided with cover plate at the top of storage powder funnel.
5. powder preheating device preheating in Claims 1 to 4 described in any claim and the method for conveying metal dust, its
It is characterised by, comprises the following steps：
A () opens selective laser fusing former, start central controller；
B () sends closure signal by central controller to the first magnetic valve, the second magnetic valve and the 3rd magnetic valve makes them equal
Close, then to metal dust needed for addition shaping in storage powder funnel, and metal dust is sealed in the storage powder funnel；
C () central controller opens the first magnetic valve, start vavuum pump and storage powder funnel is vacuumized, and is obtained by pressure sensor
Vacuum values in storage powder funnel, the first magnetic valve is closed when vacuum values reach -102kPa~-95kPa, is then turned on the second electricity
Magnet valve and starting protection gas air accumulator, to protection gas is filled in storage powder funnel, when pressure sensor detects pressure in storage powder funnel
When value reaches standard atmospheric pressure, the second magnetic valve and protection gas air accumulator are closed；
D () central controller power-on device, supply unit produces electric current, electric current to flow through the line of induction after receiving enabling signal
Circle, induction coil produces alternating magnetic field, the metal dust in storage powder funnel to be produced in the presence of alternating magnetic field under the function of current
Raw alternating current, produces magnetic field in metal dust, eddy-current loss and magnetic hystersis loss make metal dust generate heat, in this way, right
Metal dust is heated；
E () temperature sensor carries out real-time monitoring to the temperature of metal dust in storage powder funnel, and feed back to central controller, in
The size of the electric current that centre controller is produced according to the temperature information for receiving come regulation power supply device, to realize metal in storage powder funnel
Powder temperature it is constant；
(f) when store up powder funnel in metal dust temperature reach sets requirement after, the opening and closing of the magnetic valve of central controller controls the 3rd,
To realize the conveying of metal dust in storage powder funnel.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201611193886.1A CN106799493B (en) | 2016-12-21 | 2016-12-21 | A kind of powder preheating device and its application for selective laser fusing powder feeding |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611193886.1A CN106799493B (en) | 2016-12-21 | 2016-12-21 | A kind of powder preheating device and its application for selective laser fusing powder feeding |
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| CN106799493A true CN106799493A (en) | 2017-06-06 |
| CN106799493B CN106799493B (en) | 2019-01-29 |
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Cited By (6)
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| CN107414081A (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2017-12-01 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | The wire feed fuse system and its application process of metal increment manufacture |
| CN108480638A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-09-04 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of three-stage selective laser melting combination pre-heating system |
| CN110238390A (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2019-09-17 | 哈尔滨福沃德多维智能装备有限公司 | A kind of metal powder vacuum storage device |
| CN111344092A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2020-06-26 | 株式会社Ihi | Three-dimensional modeling apparatus and three-dimensional modeling method |
| CN111331135A (en) * | 2020-02-07 | 2020-06-26 | 江苏大学 | Device and method for selective laser melting of mixed powder |
| CN112756632A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-05-07 | 江苏威拉里新材料科技有限公司 | 3D prints save set for metal powder |
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| CN112756632A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-05-07 | 江苏威拉里新材料科技有限公司 | 3D prints save set for metal powder |
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| CN106799493B (en) | 2019-01-29 |
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