CN106769690B - A kind of heavy gas leakage diffusion and control research experiment method - Google Patents
A kind of heavy gas leakage diffusion and control research experiment method Download PDFInfo
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- G01N13/00—Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N13/00—Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
- G01N2013/003—Diffusion; diffusivity between liquids
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of heavy gas leakage diffusions and control research experiment method, carry out control technology itself by orthogonal test, obtain the key factor and influence degree size that influence performance；Refinement control experiment is carried out according to obtained key factor, confirms the quantitative relationship between key factor and influence degree size；The diffusion of weight gas leakage is carried out by orthogonal test to test with control, is determined key factor, the influence degree for influencing weight gas cloud concentration and distribution under different condition, is tracked matter energy whereabouts, discloses control mechanism, find interactively between each control technology；According to interactively, key factor and influence degree between obtained each control technology, founding mathematical models, evaporation rate and lower wind direction LFL maximum distance under prediction varying environment condition, leak condition and corresponding control technology.The present invention, which controls LNG leakage hazard for the research by various control technologies, has extraordinary effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to liquefied natural gas security technology area more particularly to a kind of heavy gas leakage diffusion and control research are real
Proved recipe method.
Background technique
Gas carbon dioxide, liquefied natural gas (LNG) etc. again, because its specific use is used widely, rapid development.
But this gases did escape, steam are spread along earth's surface, will cause certain harm, or even cause explosion.Study heavy gas dispersion
Feature and Release and dispersion coverage how is controlled, harm reduction consequence controls Release and dispersion risk, becomes and ensures safety
One of critical issue.
It is found according to the investigation of the heavy gas leakage diffusion research device to domestic and foreign current, research both at home and abroad is in weight gas leakage
Diffusion research is also far from enough.Related main patent both at home and abroad has following items.
Chinese patent CN104297424A discloses a kind of LNG leakage water curtain control experimental method, and experimental provision includes letting out
Place system, water curtain system, data collection system and control system, wherein bleed-off system includes that LNG storage tank, LNG release tank, inertia
Gas cylinders, spray head of releasing；Water curtain system includes water inlet pipe line, water spray nozzle；The data collection system includes at signal
Manage device, thermocouple, methane concentration detector, anemobiagraph, hygrometer, high-speed camera；LNG storage tank is released by pipeline and gas again
Tank is connected, and LNG tank of releasing is connected by releasing pipeline with spray head of releasing, and water inlet pipe line one end is equipped with water spray nozzle, water curtain area
Monitoring lattice array is equipped in domain, the monitoring point is connected by data line with data collection system, and data collection system passes through number
It is connected according to line with control system.The set experimental provision is for carrying out LNG leakage water curtain control experiment.
Chinese patent CN104318623A is related to a kind of leakage of LNG receiving station and blast accident simulation shows method, mainly
Solve the influence not accounted in the prior art LNG receiving station complex environment factor to diffusion explosion, without carrying out stringent mould
Quasi- the problem of calculating.The invention is leaked by using a kind of LNG receiving station and blast accident simulation shows method, and user is by stepping on
The leakage of LNG receiving station and blast accident simulation shows platform are recorded, checks that LNG Release and dispersion and explosion influence under different accident scenes
Range, according to the judgement and simulation shows to accident as a result, planning reasonable escape route；The LNG receiving station leakage and combustion
Quick-fried accident simulation shows platform includes LNG receiving station threedimensional model, the leakage of believable LNG receiving station and blast accident scene, base
In CFD calculate leakage and fire calculated result, the technical solution of touch screen preferably solves the above problem, can be used for LNG
In receiving station's leakage and blast accident simulation shows.
A kind of skid-mounted type LNG station of Chinese patent CN104989956A field LNG Release and dispersion controls jury rig, including removable
Dynamic formula skid pedestal, foam mixing liquid bucket and nitrogen cylinder are provided on packaged type skid pedestal, and nitrogen cylinder and foam are mixed
It closes liquid bucket to be connected by nitrogen delivery pipe road, is provided with high-expansion foam generator, foam mixing liquid above foam mixing liquid bucket
Bucket is connected to by foam mixing liquid delivery pipe with high-expansion foam generator, and the rear end of high-expansion foam generator is equipped with explosion-proof
Air blower, explosion-proof air blower are connected with mobile power source, and mobile power source is arranged on packaged type skid pedestal.The present invention can apply
In places such as LNG gas station, LNG receiving station, liquefaction plant, LNG peak regulation station, liquefied petroleum gas, in LNG station field occurrence of large-area
It can come into operation immediately after leakage, generate high expansion foam to control the evaporation and diffusion of vaporous cloud in LNG liquid pool, reduce evaporation
Rate avoids more serious secondary disaster.
Chinese patent CN102879305A LNG Release and dispersion and pond fire combustion simulation experiment porch and its experimental method, packet
Include the experimental system being made of LNG storage tank, insulated piping, experimental provision, explosiveproof isolation wall；By electronic balance, ignition system, first
Alkane concentration detector, thermocouple tree, data collector, video camera composition test macro and by PLC control system, all kinds of displays
The control system of instrument and control valve composition.Experiment is spread by the surface LNG to replacing surfacing and adjustment angle
The design of device can carry out again the experiment simulation of gas sprawling, gasification diffusion under different material surface and trickling speed；With chalaza
Fiery system and methane concentration detector, realize again gas gas cloud concentration variation monitoring and gas cloud igniting, and automatically carry out data and
Image Acquisition.The platform has many advantages, such as that the short expense of experimental period is low, and experimental efficiency is high.It is few using the design experimental procedure and
Stringent that lower guarantee experiment safety is monitored and controlled, easy to operate, assay reproducibility is high.
The above patented technology, equal counterweight gas leakage diffusion are studied and have been designed.Above each patent is being applied to gas again
It is had the following problems when Release and dispersion Study of Prevention Technology:
(1) each patent more than can under different control methods weight gas leakage diffusion gas cloud distribution, explosive combustion characteristic into
Row research, but the combination of optimum controling method or control method under the conditions of which kind of can not be provided by experiment.
(2) the above patent is mainly used for studying weight gas leakage diffusion in single situation, and not formed under different condition influences
Weight gas leakage diffusion key factor, factor influence degree, under different control emergence technologies again gas leakage diffusion property and
The mechanism of action carries out analog study.
In short, the above patent counterweight gas leakage and the control technology taken progress small test research is not comprehensive.
Summary of the invention
The present invention to solve the above-mentioned problems, proposes a kind of heavy gas leakage diffusion and control research experiment method, this hair
The bright prior art that solves there is no control weight gas leakage diffusion danger under different condition (natural conditions, leak condition, control technology)
The problem of Study on mechanism of harmful key factor, factor influence degree and control technology, and there is accurate estimation factor
The advantages of reciprocation, test number (TN) are few between size, each factor, experimental result is intuitively easily analyzed.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of heavy gas leakage diffusion and control research experiment method, comprising the following steps:
(1) control technology itself is carried out by orthogonal test, obtains the key factor and influence degree size that influence performance；
(2) refinement control experiment is carried out according to obtained key factor, confirmed between key factor and influence degree size
Quantitative relationship；
(3) heavy gas leakage diffusion is carried out by orthogonal test to test with control, determine that influence weight gas cloud is dense under different condition
Degree with distribution key factor, influence degree, track matter energy whereabouts, disclose control mechanism, find each control technology it
Between interactively；
(4) according to interactively, key factor and influence degree between obtained each control technology, mathematical modulo is established
Type, evaporation rate and lower wind direction LFL maximum distance under prediction varying environment condition, leak condition and corresponding control technology.
In the step (1), control technology includes foam control, water curtain control or/and barrier control.
In the step (1), the parameter of characterization high power foam performance includes coefficient of foaming, rupture rate, foam size and divides
Cloth, influencing the adjustable key factor of its performance includes foam dope type, nozzle, strainer, air inflow and foam hydraulic coupling；Shadow
The key factor of Xiangshui County's curtain performance is water, water pressure and nozzle, represents data by choosing, establishes orthogonal test, carries out
Data processing obtains the key factor and influence degree size that influence performance.
In the step (2), confirmatory experiment is doed for supplement to conclusion obtained in step (1), data is improved, establishes quantitative relationship
Formula.
In the step (3), different performance high power foam, water curtain and different pattern barriers are right under different natural environments
LNG Release and dispersion influence it is different, according to the factor and quantitative relationship for obtaining influencing high power foam, water curtain performance, according to obtaining
Conclusion select representational parameter.
In the step (3), barrier shape, size and position can be had an impact LNG vaporous cloud concentration distribution, barrier
The experiment size for hindering object is to be scaled to obtain by a certain percentage according to full size.
In the step (3), by orthogonal test find under different condition influence weight gas cloud concentration and distribution it is crucial because
Element, influence degree, while pay close attention to foam frost zone, accelerate again gas gasification effect data, according to experimental result do for supplement experiment with
And collected data carry out data analysis and arrangement, track matter energy whereabouts, disclose control mechanism, find each control technology
Between interactively, provide data supporting for numerical simulation.
In the step (3), natural conditions include temperature, humidity, radiation and/or wind speed, and leak condition includes leak
Diameter, leakage shape, leakage landform, leakage rate and/or leak position.
In the step (4), the physical parameter of each control technology is obtained, founding mathematical models predict varying environment item
Evaporation rate and lower wind direction LFL maximum distance under part, leak condition, control technology.
In the step (4), there are optimal parameter combinations for each control technology itself, and exist influences between each other, passes through
It tests obtained data accumulation and numerical simulation result obtains LNG under different condition and controls optimum technology parameter, to obtain
LNG controls optimum technology parameter under to different condition.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the benefit that
(1) of the invention applied widely, it can be used as LNG Release and dispersion, high power foam control under different natural environments
The heavy gas leakage diffusion of system endangers principle, water curtain controls weight gas leakage and spreads and endangers principle and barrier control weight gas leakage diffusion danger
The research of evil principle；
(2) present invention is expanded by orthogonal test influence leakage is obtained in the case of various natural conditions, leak condition, control
Scattered key factor, influence degree simultaneously quantify, and the progress of refinement experiment is determined according to result；
(3) present invention by orthogonal test can find out the interaction between each factor to control technology itself, most
Whole Release and dispersion control effect influences size, is decided whether to study the interaction between each factor according to result；
(4) present invention is obtained between characterization control technical role effectiveness indicator by orthogonal test with the presence or absence of relationship, pass
It is tightness degree, to simplify index, obtains the key index for influencing Release and dispersion control effect；
(5) present invention is obtained between each factor, factor and control Release and dispersion effectiveness indicator parameter by refining experiment
Quantitative relationship, the capture of phenomenon, observation, data are extracted and quantitative analysis, obtain matter energy whereabouts, control technology
The mechanism of action is numerical simulation, standard is established, design guidance accumulates initial data.
(6) present invention reduces experiment numbers, have saved research cost, simplify data analysis result, enrichment
Experimental data provides written quantization guidance for control system foundation.
Detailed description of the invention
The accompanying drawings constituting a part of this application is used to provide further understanding of the present application, and the application's shows
Meaning property embodiment and its explanation are not constituted an undue limitation on the present application for explaining the application.
Fig. 1 is test method flow chart of the invention；
Fig. 2 is specific applicable system example structure figure of the invention；
Wherein: 1- wind-tunnel；2- weight gas storage tank；3- cryogenic liquid leakage collecting pit；4- cryogenic liquid recycling can；The spray of 5- water curtain
Head protrudes into hole；6- foaming cylinder protrudes into hole；7- mass balance；8- humidistat；9- thermoregulator；10- radiation is adjusted
Device；11- velocity regulator；12- auxiliary heater；13- water curtain water pipeline；Gas fills pipeline to 14- again；The recycling of 15- cryogenic liquid
Pipeline；16- gas blow-down pipe again；17- chromatograph；Gas fills valve to 18- again；19- gas charging flowmeter again；20- cryogenic liquid
Recycle valve；Gas is vented valve to 21- again；22- anemobiagraph；23- hygronom；24- high-speed camera；25- common camera；26-
Leak monitored down lattice array；27- liquidometer；28- pressure of storage tank table；29- graduated scale；30- monitors lattice array；31- humidity control
Signal processed；32- temperature control signals signal；33- radiation control signal；34- blast velocity control signal；35- leaks landform control
Signal processed；36- evaporation rate receives signal；The monitoring point 37- array received signal；38- wind speed receives signal；39- humidity receives letter
Number；40- high speed image receives signal；41- normal image receives signal；42- controlling terminal.
Specific embodiment:
The invention will be further described with embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing.
It is noted that following detailed description is all illustrative, it is intended to provide further instruction to the application.Unless another
It indicates, all technical and scientific terms used herein has usual with the application person of an ordinary skill in the technical field
The identical meanings of understanding.
It should be noted that term used herein above is merely to describe specific embodiment, and be not intended to restricted root
According to the illustrative embodiments of the application.As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, otherwise singular
Also it is intended to include plural form, additionally, it should be understood that, when in the present specification using term "comprising" and/or " packet
Include " when, indicate existing characteristics, step, operation, device, component and/or their combination.
Method provided by the invention is that one kind can carry out varying environment condition, leak condition, control technology as needed
In the case of weight gas leakage diffusion research.Understanding is lacked for control technology under small test itself, which parameter influences high power bubble
Foam, water curtain performance are not known, it is necessary first to be studied control technology itself, then be carried out leakage post-control technology and apply in fact
It tests.Factor is more due to being related to, and which be leading factor, influence size and between relationship be required to analyze and research, institute
Research factor value range is determined to test first by examination, and software is then carried according to platform and carries out Orthogonal Experiment and Design and right
Experimental result summarize extract, according to this step result refinement do for supplement experiment, using platform carry data processing software obtain influence because
Quantitative relationship, tracking matter energy whereabouts, analysis and Control mechanism are numerical simulation, standard between plain parameter, between performance characterization parameter
It establishes, design guidance accumulates initial data.Conclusion is taken an overall view of, provides written quantization guidance for control system foundation.The present invention
Controlling LNG leakage hazard for the research by various control technologies has extraordinary effect.
As shown in Figure 1, comprising the following steps:
S101 carries out control technology itself by orthogonal test and studies；
S102, perfect refinement control technology itself of having a penalty heat are studied；
S103 carries out the diffusion of weight gas leakage and control research experiment research by orthogonal test；
S104 establishes model according to test data, carries out numerical simulation, obtains evaporation rate, weight gas concentration and distribution, influences
Range；
S105 establishes complete control system.
Specific implementation process of the invention are as follows:
Orthogonal test method described in step 1 is: research control technology itself first passes through before carrying out orthogonal test
Examination experiment determines each factor level range, lays the foundation for the determination of orthogonal experimental factor level.Characterize the ginseng of high power foam performance
Number includes coefficient of foaming, rupture rate, foam size and distribution, and influencing the adjustable key factor of its performance includes foam dope
Type, nozzle, strainer, air inflow, foam hydraulic coupling, the key factor for influencing water curtain performance is water, water pressure, nozzle, mirror
In orthogonal test feature, examination experiment is first carried out, other parameters are taken into account, select each parameter close to extreme two values, using flat
Platform carries software and establishes orthogonal test, then carries data processing software using platform and carries out data processing, obtains influencing performance
Key factor and influence degree size, whether there is relationship between each performance.
In step 2, the key factor for influencing control performance is found according to the conclusion that step 1 obtains, does for supplement experiment, improve number
According to, establish between factor and factor, between factor and performance, quantitative relationship formula between performance and performance.
In step 3, different performance high power foam, water curtain and different pattern barriers expand leakage under different natural environments
Dissipating influences difference, and first two steps obtain influencing the factor and quantitative relationship of high power foam, water curtain performance, is chosen according to obtained conclusion
Select representational parameter.Barrier shape, size and position can have an impact vaporous cloud concentration and distribution, based on small-sized
Experiment, experiment size is to be scaled to obtain by a certain percentage according to full size, can be according to this platform for the size of barrier
Data processing software directly input to obtain, it is leading due to being related to which multifactor factor, take into account other parameters first, select every
A parameter is found under different condition (natural conditions, leak condition, control technology) close to extreme two values by orthogonal test
Influence key factor, the influence degree of LNG vaporous cloud concentration and distribution, while paying close attention to foam frost zone, accelerating gasification effect etc.
Phenomenon related data does for supplement experiment and collected data according to experimental result and carries data processing software using platform
Data analysis and arrangement is carried out, matter energy whereabouts is tracked, control mechanism is disclosed, finds interactively between each control technology,
Data supporting is provided for numerical simulation.Natural conditions include temperature, humidity, radiation, wind speed, leak condition include leakage aperture,
Leak shape, leakage landform, leakage rate, leak position.
In step 4, according to preceding step experimental data, each physical parameter is obtained, founding mathematical models predict varying environment item
LNG evaporation rate and lower wind direction LFL maximum distance under part, control technology.
In step 5, there are optimal parameter combinations for each control technology itself, and different control technologies are also and non-orphaned exists,
Existing between each other influences, and only each technical parameter cooperates in design can be only achieved optimal control effect, passes through
It tests obtained data accumulation and numerical simulation result obtains Release and dispersion under different condition and controls optimum technology parameter.
The present invention can be used to do following research:
(1) LNG Release and dispersion under different natural environments
Concentration is different from distribution after weight gas leakage under different natural environments (temperature, humidity, radiation, wind speed), and this method is logical
Cross control temperature, humidity, radiation, wind speed, when natural environment is with control means difference, by orthogonal test, measuring system and
Data acquisition and processing system analyzes experimental data, can be obtained and controls Release and dispersion harm under different natural environments
Key factor, influence degree, optimal parameter.
(2) high power foam, which controls weight gas leakage and spreads, endangers principle
5 big parameters of adjusting influence foaming properties, analysis different performance high power foam and cryogenic liquid, the again friendship between gas
Interaction, record description phenomenon measure relevant parameter, obtain key factor, influence degree, optimal parameter, track matter energy
Whereabouts carries out mechanism study, establishes numerical simulation, realizes standard foundation, design optimization.
(3) water curtain, which controls weight gas leakage and spreads, endangers principle
The 4 big parameters for influencing water curtain performance are adjusted, different performance water curtain is analyzed with cryogenic liquid, again between gas and interacts work
With, record description phenomenon measures relevant parameter, obtains key factor, influence degree, optimal parameter, matter energy whereabouts is tracked,
Mechanism study is carried out, numerical simulation is established, realizes standard foundation, design optimization.
(4) barrier, which controls weight gas leakage and spreads, endangers principle
Change barrier shape, size, position, analyze the reciprocation between different barriers and cryogenic liquid, again gas,
Record description phenomenon measures relevant parameter, obtains key factor, influence degree, optimal parameter, tracks matter energy whereabouts, into
Row mechanism study establishes numerical simulation, realizes standard foundation, design optimization.
The present invention is based on experiment porch include: General experimental wind tunnel system, again gas filling with recovery system, control technology
Testing experimental system, auxiliary heating system, data Collection & Processing System.Experimental wind tunnel system analog gas nature ring again
Release and dispersion under border；The data collection system includes signal processor, graduated scale, thermocouple, oxygen concentration detecting instrument, wind speed
Instrument, hygrometer, common camera, high-speed camera, rate of evaporation device.
As shown in Fig. 2, a kind of heavy gas leakage diffusion and control research experiment platform, including General experimental wind tunnel system, again
Gas filling and recovery system, control technology testing experimental system, auxiliary heating system, data Collection & Processing System.The present invention
Sunykatuib analysis LNG is in different leakage size shaped positions, temperature, humidity, wind speed, radiation and active and passive control technology
Evaporation rate and Release and dispersion steam temperature, concentration and distribution are influenced under (barrier (cofferdam, high-wall), water curtain, high power foam)
Key factor, influence degree, the observation extraction and analysis (such as lather collapse process) of minor detail, tracking matter energy go
To progress mechanism study establishes numerical simulation.
Certainly the ingredient of gas can be other again, such as carbon dioxide.
The heavy gas filling includes weight gas storage tank 2, cryogenic liquid leakage collecting pit 3, cryogenic liquid recycling with recovery system
Tank 4, again gas fill pipeline 14, cryogenic liquid recovery line 15；The control technology testing experimental system includes high power foam control
Part of detecting processed, water curtain control part of detecting, barrier control section, and each control part of detecting is only reserved in the present apparatus
Hole, control technology other assemblies connect with reserving hole and can test by when experiment.The high power foam control is surveyed
Examination part reserving hole is that foaming cylinder protrudes into hole 6.The water curtain control test experiments part reserving hole is stretched for drencher
Enter hole 5.The data acquisition device include graduated scale 29, monitoring lattice array 30, high-speed camera 24, common camera 25,
Mass balance 7, chromatograph 17, wherein monitoring lattice array includes thermocouple, oxygen concentration detecting instrument；The control system includes
The display instruments such as temperature, humidity, amount of radiation, wind speed, pressure, flow and all kinds of control valves, display instrument.
Weight gas storage tank discharges into test section by leakage line, then will weight gas storage tank (cryogenic liquid for cryogenic liquid
Storage tank) it is connected with cryogenic liquid leakage collecting pit, cryogenic liquid leakage collecting pit passes through recovery line and cryogenic liquid recycling can
Be connected, high power foam generating device is connected with foaming cylinder, water inlet pipe line one end equipped with water spray nozzle, test zone downstream according to
Need to be equipped with adjustable monitoring lattice array, the monitoring point is connected by data line with data collection system, data collection system
It is connected by data line with control system.
Gas is stored in the weight gas storage tank 2 of insulated cryogen again, and pressure of storage tank table 28, liquidometer 27, again gas are housed on storage tank
Charging flowmeter 19, for monitoring state, the weight gas leakage amount of weight gas storage tank；Cryogenic liquid leakage collecting pit 3 is used to store list
Gas before the experiment draws a certain amount of cryogenic liquid needed for experiment from cryogenic liquid storage tank again used in secondary experiment
Enter to leak in collecting tank, if it is gas again, be directly introduced into experimental provision from weight gas storage tank；During carrying out leakage experiment,
Outlet valve by controlling storage tank controls weight gas leakage amount；The cryogenic liquid that leaks out, again gas are connected to Low Temperature Liquid by pipeline 14
Body leakage collecting pit 3 is directly entered experimental provision, can be according to experiment demand selection different shape, the bleeder pipe in aperture.
Cryogenic liquid leakage collecting pit 3, control technology test macro are packed into wind-tunnel as needed, can according to need
Machine 10, velocity regulator 11 is adjusted to adjust weight gas leakage by the humidistat 8, thermoregulator 9, radiation that carry in wind-tunnel
Temperature, humidity in environment, amount of radiation, wind speed.
It manufactures water required for water curtain to introduce by water curtain water pipeline 13, pressure gauge, flowmeter, outlet valve is housed on water pipe
For controlling water；It introduces water pipe to be connected with drencher, drencher is detachable and interchangeable equipment, can be according to experiment demand choosing
The spray head of different shape, aperture is selected, different shape, size, water flow water curtain can be manufactured.It only need to be by water inlet pipe line when experiment
Connection drencher in drencher reserving hole by being introduced into wind-tunnel.
Foam solution needed for manufacturing high power foam introduces high power foam generator by pipeline, generates through high power foam generator
The foamed cylinder of high power foam introduce foam receiving tank, can be needed to select according to experiment different foam liquid, foam solution flow pressure,
Absorbing quantity, spray head, strainer, can manufacture different coefficient of foaming, rupture rate, size, covering performance high power foam.When experiment only
Foam-making apparatus various pieces need to be connected and be debugged, then connection foaming cylinder is by introducing wind-tunnel in foaming cylinder reserving hole
In.
In several monitoring lattice arrays 30 of leakage hole arranged downstream, thermocouple, oxygen concentration minute are accordingly placed on each point
Analyzer is simultaneously connected with data collector；It is simutaneously arranged anemobiagraph 22；Hygronom 23；High-speed camera 24；Common camera 25 is remembered
Record acquisition experiment image data and meteorological data；Corresponding sensing can be installed again as needed for control technology part of detecting
Device, as installed thermocouple, oxygen sensor below high power foam foaming cylinder top, drencher；For phenomenon such as high power
Foam, which is applied on cryogenic liquid, forms frost zone, extracts gas frost zone again by electric saw, obtains ice by water at atmospheric pressure solution
Freeze layer air content, then extracts gas by chromatograph 17 and analyze gas component.
The control system includes the display instruments such as temperature, humidity, amount of radiation, wind speed, pressure, flow and all kinds of controls
Valve processed, all kinds of display instruments are mounted in corresponding storage tank, equipment and attached pipeline, and control valve is mounted on corresponding storage tank
It passes in and out on pipeline；The data collection system is connected with control system, and collected data-signal is aggregated into control
System terminal is handled.
The monitoring lattice array is made of a series of monitoring point for being distributed in gas bleed outlet downstream again, on each monitoring point
It is simutaneously arranged thermocouple, oxygen concentration detecting instrument, monitoring location can be adjusted as needed, the detection of each monitoring point
Signal is pooled to signal processor and carries out recording and saving for data, and is connected to controlling terminal, each monitoring point object of real-time display
Manage the variation of parameter.
Scene on the experiment porch analog weight gas leakage to different terrain, it is public according to the big utilizing object conducting heat of semo-infinite
Formula obtains different temperatures topographical surface and leaks temperature variation curve after gas again, directly inputs correlation by platform input interface
Parameter, can start control system adjust auxiliary heating system heating power simulation different terrain different temperatures in the case of again gas let out
Leakage diffusion scene.
The present invention is as needed, carries out weight gas leakage diffusion model under different zoom ratio, is provided by data processing system
Corresponding weight gas leakage amount, wind speed.Gas evaporation rate again is obtained according to the variation of mass balance quality, according to graduated scale, is commonly taken the photograph
The capture of camera and later data processing, obtain required data and then carry out the tracking of energy whereabouts.By removable monitoring dot matrix
Column visualize colourless gas cloud, obtain temperature, concentration and the distribution of weight gas leakage source downstream gas cloud.It is captured by high-speed camera
The whereabouts of substance during lather collapse process, water curtain forming process, foam frost layer formation process etc., then integrate other measurements
Data analysis.
The experiment porch can carry out the small test of various control technology, can provide each correlative and consider size factor
Conversion calculates value inside, and control technology parameter arbitrarily can be adjusted individually, control technology performance such as frostproof froth n multiple, stabilization
Property, foam size and distribution, water curtain granular size and distribution can provide quantized values, energy whereabouts can be provided.
The experiment porch is used uniformly oxygen concentration sensor to the measurement of vapor concentration, improves versatility, replacement
Gas can also realize measurement.
Preferably, the General experimental wind tunnel system test section section is rectangle, convenient for the installation of experimental provision；Test
Section is transparent, convenient for the observation and data record of experimental phenomena；Test section band rotary lifting platform can carry out pool location high
Degree, relative angle adjustment.
The General experimental wind tunnel system passes through heater, humidifier, frequency conversion fan, radiant panel analog not equality of temperature
Natural environment under degree, humidity, wind speed, radiation event.
By cryogenic liquid remaining in cryogenic liquid leakage collecting pit and its attached pipeline recycling, emptying after experiment.
Certainly, above-mentioned experiment porch is a kind of embodiment, as long as experiment porch can be tested under various environment, obstacle
Object (cofferdam, high-wall), water curtain, high power foam control technology can fit the experiment porch of the control of the leakage diffusion of gas again
With test method provided by the invention.
The foregoing is merely preferred embodiment of the present application, are not intended to limit this application, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, various changes and changes are possible in this application.Within the spirit and principles of this application, made any to repair
Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should be included within the scope of protection of this application.
Above-mentioned, although the foregoing specific embodiments of the present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings, not protects model to the present invention
The limitation enclosed, those skilled in the art should understand that, based on the technical solutions of the present invention, those skilled in the art are not
Need to make the creative labor the various modifications or changes that can be made still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of heavy gas leakage diffusion and control research experiment method, it is characterized in that: the following steps are included:
(1) control technology itself is carried out by orthogonal test to study, obtain the key factor and influence degree size that influence performance；
The parameter of characterization high power foam performance includes coefficient of foaming, rupture rate, foam size and distribution, influences the adjustable pass of its performance
Key factor includes foam dope type, nozzle, strainer, air inflow and foam hydraulic coupling；Influence water curtain performance key factor be
Water, water pressure and nozzle represent data by choosing, establish orthogonal test, carry out data processing；
The control technology includes foam control, water curtain control or/and barrier control；
(2) refinement control experiment is carried out according to obtained key factor, confirms the amount between key factor and influence degree size
Change relationship；
(3) by orthogonal test carry out weight gas leakage diffusion with control test, determine under different condition influence weight gas cloud concentration with
Key factor, the influence degree of distribution track matter energy whereabouts, disclose control mechanism, find and make between each control technology
With relationship；The different condition includes natural conditions, leak condition and control technology；
(4) interactively, key factor and influence degree between each control technology that basis obtains, founding mathematical models, in advance
Evaporation rate and lower wind direction LFL maximum distance under survey varying environment condition, leak condition and corresponding control technology；
(5) there are optimal parameter combinations for each control technology itself, and exist influences between each other, by testing obtained data product
Tired and numerical simulation result obtains LNG under different condition and controls optimum technology parameter.
2. a kind of heavy gas leakage diffusion as described in claim 1 and control research experiment method, it is characterized in that: the step
(2) in, confirmatory experiment is doed for supplement to conclusion obtained in step (1), data is improved, establishes quantitative relationship formula.
3. a kind of heavy gas leakage diffusion as described in claim 1 and control research experiment method, it is characterized in that: the step
(3) in, different performance high power foam, water curtain and different pattern barriers influence LNG Release and dispersion under different natural environments
Difference has selected representative according to obtained conclusion according to the factor and quantitative relationship for obtaining influencing high power foam, water curtain performance
The parameter of property.
4. a kind of heavy gas leakage diffusion as claimed in claim 3 and control research experiment method, it is characterized in that: the step
(3) in, barrier shape, size and position can be had an impact LNG vaporous cloud concentration distribution, and the experiment size of barrier is
It is scaled and is obtained by a certain percentage according to full size.
5. a kind of heavy gas leakage diffusion as described in claim 1 and control research experiment method, it is characterized in that: the step
(3) in, key factor, the influence degree that weight gas cloud concentration and distribution is influenced under different condition are found by orthogonal test, simultaneously
Pay close attention to foam frost zone, accelerate again gas gasification effect data, according to experimental result do for supplement experiment and collected data into
Row data analysis and arrangement tracks matter energy whereabouts, discloses control mechanism, finds interactively between each control technology, be
Numerical simulation provides data supporting.
6. a kind of heavy gas leakage diffusion as described in claim 1 and control research experiment method, it is characterized in that: the step
(3) in, natural conditions include temperature, humidity, radiation and/or wind speed, and leak condition includes leakage aperture, leakage shape, leakage
Landform, leakage rate and/or leak position.
7. a kind of heavy gas leakage diffusion as described in claim 1 and control research experiment method, it is characterized in that: the step
(4) in, the physical parameter of each control technology is obtained, founding mathematical models predict varying environment condition, leak condition, control
Evaporation rate and lower wind direction LFL maximum distance under technology.
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| CN109632880B (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2021-06-01 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Test system for underwater gas leakage diffusion and combustion |
| CN110501452A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2019-11-26 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Based on set barrier under the conditions of Long-distance Transmission Pipeline jet bubble reactor study experimental method and system |
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