CN103196778A - Determination method and apparatus of liquid hydrocarbon evaporation capacity and diffusion concentration of vapor cloud - Google Patents
Determination method and apparatus of liquid hydrocarbon evaporation capacity and diffusion concentration of vapor cloud Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103196778A CN103196778A CN2013100723330A CN201310072333A CN103196778A CN 103196778 A CN103196778 A CN 103196778A CN 2013100723330 A CN2013100723330 A CN 2013100723330A CN 201310072333 A CN201310072333 A CN 201310072333A CN 103196778 A CN103196778 A CN 103196778A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- concentration
- evaporation capacity
- liquefied hydrocarbon
- diffusion
- liquid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a determination method and an apparatus of liquid hydrocarbon evaporation capacity and diffusion concentration of vapor cloud. The method comprises recording mass changes of heated liquid in an open cup by using an electronic scale, calculating the evaporation capacity of liquid hydrocarbons under different operating time and temperature by using the law of conservation of mass; using a concentration sensor to determine concentrations of hydrocarbon vapors with different heights from a liquid level of the open cup, recording the ambient temperature when the liquid hydrocarbon evaporates by a temperature sensor, and recording concentration distribution of vapor cloud diffusion of liquid hydrocarbon with different heights from the liquid surface under different operation time and different ambient temperature conditions by using a gas diffusion principle. The method fully uses the law of conservation of mass, and characteristics of volatile liquid hydrocarbon, constant temperature ovens, sensors and data analysis software, realizes determination of the liquid hydrocarbon evaporation capacity and the diffusion concentration of vapor cloud through physical principles, and has important meaning for prevention and controlling of explosion disaster caused by diffusion of vapor cloud of liquid hydrocarbon in reality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the determinator of evaporation capacity and CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION assay method and device, particularly liquefied hydrocarbon evaporation capacity and steam cloud diffusion concentration.
Background technology
Along with rapid development of economy, liquefied hydrocarbon is widely used among commercial production and the life.Petroleum liquid such as crude oil, gasoline product, diesel oil, fuel wet goods oil plant, because of its chemical composition and flowability, vapo(u)rability, inflammability and the easy characteristics such as gathering static that produces, there are many hazards in feasible production and the storage, objectively caused the possibility of breaking out of fire explosion disaster.Fluid oil product highly volatiles such as gasoline, the dangerous steam cloud area coverage of leaking the back generation will substantially exceed the liquid pool area, even leaking accident rehabilitation and the recovery stage that overflow is effectively controlled, still may be caused the generation of fire failure by the ignition source in the dangerous steam cloud zone of influence.According to statistics, the liquefied hydrocarbon fire failure presents feature occurred frequently than other fire failures in recent years, and the number of casualties of its damage sequence and direct economic loss all several times even ten are several times as much as other fire failures.
Liquefied hydrocarbon refers to mainly contain under the normal temperature and pressure liquid of alkanes, mainly comprises diesel oil and gasoline etc., has characteristics such as inflammable, explosive, volatile, meets fire and causes burning easily.The steam of liquefied hydrocarbon has inflammable and explosive property, expanded by heating, and easy static electricity gathered, the mobile extendability of height with oxidisability strong acid and oxygenant effect, has in various degree toxicity etc.It belongs to the 3rd class in the classification of using hazardous chemical always and sign (GB13690-92).Its steam and air can form explosive mixture, meet naked light, high thermoae easy firing blast.Kickback can take place with oxygenant.Its steam is heavier than air, and can be diffused into place quite far away in the lower, and the chance burning things which may cause a fire disaster can catch fire and strile-back.
The steam cloud diffusion is to cause steam cloud to spread by the influence that is subjected to factors such as thermal motion and stream motion after the liquid evaporation, according to diffusion types, the steam cloud diffusion can be divided into non-heavy gas cloud diffusion and heavily gas cloud diffusion, non-heavy gas cloud cluster mainly refers to the cloud cluster that the instantaneous leakage of gas or liquid evaporation form up, and its density can be considered non-heavy gas cloud cluster less than atmospheric density; Heavily the gas cloud cluster mainly refers to the density of cloud cluster greater than the density of surrounding air, can think heavily gas cloud cluster.Obviously, the liquefied hydrocarbon evaporation, the part medium forms steam, all the other media continue to be in a liquid state, and wherein also have the operative liquid medium atomization to form drop, so be formed with the mixed vapour cloud cluster that drop is carried secretly, this makes and the projecting atmospheric density of vapour density forms heavily gas effect.
Evaporation capacity by liquid or the solid-state steam state that is transformed into, escapes into the evaporation that is called in the atmosphere.And evaporation capacity referred in certain period, liquid or solid-state lease making evaporation and spread to aerial amount.This evaporation capacity represents that with the variable quantity of quality namely liquid or solid-state lease making evaporates and spreads to aerial quality, measures with sensitive electronic scales.General temperature is more high, humidity is more little, wind speed is more big, air pressure is more low, then evaporation capacity is just more big; Otherwise evaporation capacity is just more little.Therefore, accurately measure liquefied hydrocarbon evaporation capacity under certain condition prevention and the control of liquefied hydrocarbon explosion disaster in the reality is had great importance.
At present, the research for liquefied hydrocarbon steam cloud diffusion concentration and evaporation capacity mainly lays particular emphasis on the explosive district of steam cloud and the variable quantity of liquid.Measuring its CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION and all be by the concentration at certain certain place, locus is research object, its evaporation capacity all is that the liquid evaporation capacity in certain certain environment is research object, and CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION and evaporation capacity in its experimental situation and CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION and the reality are quite different.
Summary of the invention
The assay method and the device that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of liquefied hydrocarbon evaporation capacity and steam cloud diffusion concentration are with prevention and the control work that is applied to liquefied hydrocarbon explosion disaster in the reality.
The principle that the present invention measures the liquefied hydrocarbon evaporation capacity is law of conservation of mass, the quality summation of each material that generates after the quality summation of participating in each material of reaction equals to react, i.e. M
Before=M
After+ M
SteamLiquefied hydrocarbon when evaporation, evaporation capacity be steam cloud diffusion concentration distributed area integration and.
The principle that the present invention measures the distribution of liquefied hydrocarbon steam cloud diffusion concentration is the gas diffusion principle, diffusion is the material transport phenomena that gas molecule produces doing random thermal motion, gas molecule from the bigger zone of concentration to less zone migration, till concentration reaches balance.
According to the effumability of liquefied hydrocarbon, M
Steam=Q
Gas, evaporation capacity equals the total amount of steam cloud.The evaporation capacity of liquefied hydrocarbon is converted into gas under different temperatures, influences the volatile factor of liquefied hydrocarbon: (1) temperature: temperature more high evaporation is more fast.Temperature is divided into temperature and the ambient temperature of liquid itself, and ambient temperature is constant, and fluid temperature raises, and the liquid evaporation is more many, otherwise just few; Fluid temperature is constant, and ambient temperature raises, and the liquid evaporation capacity is more many, otherwise just few.(2) evaporation area: evaporation area namely refers to the Free Surface of liquid, because the Free Surface of liquid can evaporate, so the speed of evaporation changes with the size of evaporation area, evaporation area is more big, evaporate also more fast, otherwise just more slow.(3) degree of saturation of this liquid vapors on the liquid level, the molecular number that liquid is evaporated to corresponding space has certain limit, perhaps is degree of saturation.If the steam of this liquid is more few on the liquid level, evaporate more fast; More more slow close to saturated then evaporation.(4) density of other gas on the liquid level: when having other gas molecule to exist on the liquid surface, can increase the resistance that this fluid molecule enters the space, so more evaporate slack-off.The density of other gas is more big, and more big to this evaporation of liquid influence, then evaporation is just more slow.
A kind of liquefied hydrocarbon evaporation capacity and steam cloud diffusion concentration Determination of distribution method, utilize the electronic scales record to open glass variable quantity of interior heated liquid quality, the bond quality law of conservation is calculated the evaporation capacity of liquefied hydrocarbon material under different working times, the condition of different temperatures; Utilize concentration sensor to measure apart from the hydrocarbon vapours concentration of opening glass liquid level differing heights, the environment temperature of temperature sensor record liquefied hydrocarbon evaporation, in conjunction with the gas diffusion principle, record different working times, varying environment temperature conditions, apart from the CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION of the liquefied hydrocarbon steam cloud diffusion of liquid level differing heights.Bond quality law of conservation principle, gas diffusion principle utilize data analysis software to record fluid evacuator body amount and steam cloud CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION respectively.
The determinator of a kind of liquefied hydrocarbon evaporation capacity and steam cloud diffusion concentration, place electronic scales in the premixing tower bottom, place the constant temperature oven device on the electronic scales, open cup and be placed on the constant temperature oven device, temperature regulating device produces heat, accuracy controlling and the constant temperature of opening glass interior liquid.Liquefied hydrocarbon is placed on out in the cup, opens and is provided with temperature sensor in the cup.Electronic scales records liquid mass change, and thermometer and concentration sensor and the computing machine that data analysis software is housed are installed in the premixing tower side.Described thermometer is arranged on the premixing tower bottom, can record the temperature of surrounding environment by thermometer; Described concentration sensor has and has two at least, is arranged on a side of premixing tower, utilizes the concentration of concentration sensor record steam cloud.
Technical scheme bond quality law of conservation principle of the present invention and data analysis software record fluid evacuator body amount and steam cloud CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION respectively.Relative confined space environment in the described premixing tower simulating reality; Constant temperature oven is the different fluid temperature of control accurately.The degree of accuracy of electronic scales is 0.1g; The thermometer degree of accuracy is 0.01 ℃; Concentration sensor be accurate to 0.01%.Described electronic scales, temperature sensor, concentration sensor link to each other by data line with computing machine, the CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION of the evaporation capacity of continuous recording liquefied hydrocarbon material and steam cloud diffusion.
Utilize CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION and the diffusion process of the diffusion of concentration sensor record steam cloud, and utilize data analysis software to analyze the distribution of steam cloud diffusion concentration, the blast upper and lower limit in conjunction with liquefied hydrocarbon can determine explosive district.
Constant temperature oven is made up of temperature sensor and temperature regulating device, and temperature is adjustable in the constant temperature oven.
Adopt this device to measure: evaporation of liquid amount under (1) different temperatures; (2) temperature and time is constant, the CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION of differing heights; (3) temperature and constant height, the concentration change of different time; (4) time and constant height, under the different temperatures, the CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION rule; (5) under the different temperatures, the height when steam cloud concentration reaches blast area and time.
The present invention has taken full advantage of the characteristics of law of conservation of mass, liquefied hydrocarbon effumability, electronic scales, constant temperature oven and concentration sensor, has realized the mensuration of liquefied hydrocarbon evaporation capacity and steam cloud diffusion concentration by physical principle.The inventive method apparatus structure, operation steps are simple, measurement result is directly perceived, accurately, near reality, apply easily.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the assay device structures synoptic diagram of a kind of liquefied hydrocarbon evaporation capacity of the present invention and steam cloud diffusion concentration.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing a specific embodiment of the present invention is described further.
The determinator of a kind of liquefied hydrocarbon evaporation capacity and steam cloud diffusion concentration is placed electronic scales 3 in premixing tower 6 bottoms, place the constant temperature oven device on the electronic scales 3, and the constant temperature oven device is made up of temperature regulating device 5 and temperature sensor 2.Open cup 13 and be placed on the constant temperature oven device, liquefied hydrocarbon is placed on out in the cup 13, and temperature regulating device produces heat, accuracy controlling and the constant temperature of opening glass interior liquid.The liquid mass change of electronic scales 3 records is installed thermometer 1 and four concentration sensor 7-10 in the premixing tower side.Described thermometer 1 is arranged on premixing tower 6 bottoms, can record the temperature of surrounding environment by thermometer 1; Described concentration sensor 7-10 is arranged on a side of premixing tower 6, utilizes the concentration of concentration sensor 7-10 record steam cloud.
Technical scheme bond quality law of conservation principle of the present invention and data analysis software record fluid evacuator body amount and steam cloud CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION respectively.Relative confined space environment in described premixing tower 6 simulating realities; Constant temperature oven 4 is the different fluid temperature of control accurately.The degree of accuracy of electronic scales 3 is 0.1g; Thermometer 1 degree of accuracy is 0.01 ℃; Concentration sensor 7-10 is accurate to 0.01%.Described concentration sensor 7-10 links to each other by data line 12 with computing machine 11.
Premixing tower 6 is of a size of 0.3m * 0.3m * 2.0m, and wherein one side is installed a thermometer 1 and 4 concentration sensor 7-10, is spaced apart 0.4m between thermometer 1 and 4 the concentration sensor 7-10, opens cup 13 dimension D N0.18m * 0.003m * h0.1m.Opening the liquefied hydrocarbon that cup can hold in 13, be placed on the constant temperature oven 4 opening cup 13, constant temperature oven 4 is being placed on the electronic scales 3, can show before the evaporation with evaporate after quality, thereby can know the evaporation capacity that demonstration is total.
Control the temperature of liquid in the constant temperature oven by regulating temperature regulating device.The thermometer of installing in the side of premixing tower 61 can collect temperature and the concentration sensor 7-10 of surrounding environment can be with the steam cloud CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION that collects, can clearly show by computing machine 11, utilize the blast upper and lower limit of liquefied hydrocarbon, and then obtain explosive district in conjunction with the data analysis software analysis.
Claims (9)
1. a liquefied hydrocarbon evaporation capacity and steam cloud diffusion concentration Determination of distribution method, it is characterized in that: utilize the electronic scales record to open glass variable quantity of interior heated liquid quality, the bond quality law of conservation is calculated the evaporation capacity of liquefied hydrocarbon material under different working times, the condition of different temperatures; Utilize concentration sensor to measure apart from the hydrocarbon vapours concentration of opening glass liquid level differing heights, the environment temperature of temperature sensor record liquefied hydrocarbon evaporation, in conjunction with the gas diffusion principle, record different working times, varying environment temperature conditions, apart from the CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION of the liquefied hydrocarbon steam cloud diffusion of liquid level differing heights.
2. a kind of liquefied hydrocarbon evaporation capacity according to claim 1 and steam cloud diffusion concentration Determination of distribution method, it is characterized in that: bond quality law of conservation principle, gas diffusion principle utilize data analysis software to record fluid evacuator body amount and steam cloud CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION respectively.
3. the determinator of a liquefied hydrocarbon evaporation capacity and steam cloud diffusion concentration, it is characterized in that: place electronic scales in the premixing tower bottom, place the constant temperature oven device on the electronic scales, opening cup is placed on the constant temperature oven device, liquefied hydrocarbon is placed on out in the cup, electronic scales records liquid mass change, the computing machine of thermometer and concentration sensor being installed and data analysis software being housed in the premixing tower side.
4. the determinator of a kind of liquefied hydrocarbon evaporation capacity according to claim 3 and steam cloud diffusion concentration, it is characterized in that: described constant temperature oven device is made up of temperature regulating device and temperature sensor, temperature regulating device produces heat, accuracy controlling and the constant temperature of opening glass interior liquid.
5. the determinator of a kind of liquefied hydrocarbon evaporation capacity according to claim 3 and steam cloud diffusion concentration is characterized in that: described thermometer is arranged on the premixing tower bottom, can record the temperature of surrounding environment by thermometer; At least 2 of described concentration sensors are arranged on a side of premixing tower, utilize the concentration of concentration sensor record steam cloud.
6. according to the determinator of each described a kind of liquefied hydrocarbon evaporation capacity of claim 3-5 and steam cloud diffusion concentration, it is characterized in that: bond quality law of conservation principle and data analysis software record fluid evacuator body amount and steam cloud CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION respectively.
7. the determinator of a kind of liquefied hydrocarbon evaporation capacity according to claim 3 and steam cloud diffusion concentration is characterized in that: relative confined space environment in the described premixing tower simulating reality; Constant temperature oven is the different fluid temperature of control accurately.
8. the determinator of a kind of liquefied hydrocarbon evaporation capacity according to claim 3 and steam cloud diffusion concentration, it is characterized in that: the degree of accuracy of electronic scales is 0.1g; The thermometer degree of accuracy is 0,01 ℃; Concentration sensor be accurate to 0.01%.
9. the determinator of a kind of liquefied hydrocarbon evaporation capacity according to claim 3 and steam cloud diffusion concentration, it is characterized in that: described electronic scales, temperature sensor, concentration sensor link to each other by data line with computing machine, the CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION of the evaporation capacity of continuous recording liquefied hydrocarbon material and steam cloud diffusion.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2013100723330A CN103196778A (en) | 2013-03-07 | 2013-03-07 | Determination method and apparatus of liquid hydrocarbon evaporation capacity and diffusion concentration of vapor cloud |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2013100723330A CN103196778A (en) | 2013-03-07 | 2013-03-07 | Determination method and apparatus of liquid hydrocarbon evaporation capacity and diffusion concentration of vapor cloud |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103196778A true CN103196778A (en) | 2013-07-10 |
Family
ID=48719470
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2013100723330A Pending CN103196778A (en) | 2013-03-07 | 2013-03-07 | Determination method and apparatus of liquid hydrocarbon evaporation capacity and diffusion concentration of vapor cloud |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN103196778A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106769690A (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-05-31 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of heavy gas leakage diffusion and control research experiment method |
| CN107219309A (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2017-09-29 | 国家安全生产监督管理总局化学品登记中心 | Expandable polystyrene risk assessment method |
| CN108196010A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-22 | 中山赛特奥日用科技有限公司 | A kind of test method of volatilization effect |
| CN108225405A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-29 | 中山赛特奥日用科技有限公司 | A kind of analysis method of volatilization effect |
| CN109470817A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2019-03-15 | 金红叶纸业集团有限公司 | A kind of device and method for assessing deodorizing effect |
| CN111879819A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-11-03 | 上海化工研究院有限公司 | Closed-loop circulating type volatile liquid explosion limit measuring device |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1444039A (en) * | 2003-04-15 | 2003-09-24 | 大连理工大学 | New method for measuring alloy boiling point-method of loss of weight |
| CN101493384A (en) * | 2009-02-20 | 2009-07-29 | 北京大学 | Half-volatilization persistency organic contaminant near groundlevel concentration vertical profile sampling apparatus |
-
2013
- 2013-03-07 CN CN2013100723330A patent/CN103196778A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1444039A (en) * | 2003-04-15 | 2003-09-24 | 大连理工大学 | New method for measuring alloy boiling point-method of loss of weight |
| CN101493384A (en) * | 2009-02-20 | 2009-07-29 | 北京大学 | Half-volatilization persistency organic contaminant near groundlevel concentration vertical profile sampling apparatus |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 田家宝: "船用机舱油气浓度分布规律与爆燃危险性研究", 《中国硕士学位论文全文数据库》 * |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107219309A (en) * | 2016-03-22 | 2017-09-29 | 国家安全生产监督管理总局化学品登记中心 | Expandable polystyrene risk assessment method |
| CN106769690A (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-05-31 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of heavy gas leakage diffusion and control research experiment method |
| CN106769690B (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2019-08-02 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of heavy gas leakage diffusion and control research experiment method |
| CN109470817A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2019-03-15 | 金红叶纸业集团有限公司 | A kind of device and method for assessing deodorizing effect |
| CN108196010A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-22 | 中山赛特奥日用科技有限公司 | A kind of test method of volatilization effect |
| CN108225405A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-29 | 中山赛特奥日用科技有限公司 | A kind of analysis method of volatilization effect |
| CN108225405B (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2021-05-14 | 中山赛特奥日用科技有限公司 | Analysis method for volatilization effect of heating agent liquid of household agent liquid heater |
| CN111879819A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-11-03 | 上海化工研究院有限公司 | Closed-loop circulating type volatile liquid explosion limit measuring device |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103196778A (en) | Determination method and apparatus of liquid hydrocarbon evaporation capacity and diffusion concentration of vapor cloud | |
| Yang et al. | Study on test method of heat release intensity and thermophysical parameters of loose coal | |
| Zhang et al. | Evaluation of the spontaneous combustion characteristics of coal of different metamorphic degrees based on a temperature-programmed oil bath experimental system | |
| CN102507394B (en) | Method for measuring effective diffusion coefficient and porosity of porous medium | |
| Shi et al. | A modified thermal radiation model with multiple factors for investigating temperature rise around pool fire | |
| JP6270494B2 (en) | Method for predicting spontaneous combustion of coal | |
| Ma et al. | An experimental study on the effects of air humidity on the spontaneous combustion characteristics of coal | |
| Guo | Self-heating and spontaneous combustion of wood pellets during storage | |
| CN106950143A (en) | A kind of measuring method of content of calcium carbonate in cigarette paper | |
| CN104181199A (en) | Ignition energy variable completely-transparent pipeline gas explosion experiment platform and method | |
| CN104977222A (en) | Mass loss rate-based combustible liquid heat release rate testing system | |
| Zhong et al. | Changes in thermal kinetics characteristics during low-temperature oxidation of low-rank coals under lean-oxygen conditions | |
| Fons | Heating and ignition of small wood cylinders | |
| Marek et al. | Case studies investigating single coal particle ignition and combustion | |
| CN106483164A (en) | For testing test system and the method for oil sample close flash point | |
| Liodakis et al. | A method for measuring the relative particle fire hazard properties of forest species | |
| CN103940849B (en) | The evaluation method that a kind of ambient humidity affects hydro carbons and containing oxygen derivative explosion limits thereof | |
| Babrauskas | Ignition: a century of research and an assessment of our current status | |
| Zöbinger et al. | Numerical Investigation of the influence of oil dilution on the ability to initiate a Pre-Ignition combustion | |
| Pickett et al. | Flame interactions and burning characteristics of two live leaf samples1 | |
| Ding et al. | Experimental study on acoustic emission characteristics of high-temperature thermal damage in an oxygen-rich environment of long flame coal | |
| Wang et al. | Experimental studies of spontaneous combustion propensity of coal | |
| CN100507559C (en) | Device for investigating coal self-combustion tendentiousness based on low temp oxidation oxygen consumption | |
| Ho et al. | Burning Behavior Analysis in Meso and Large-Scale Oil Slick Fires With and Without Waves Using Outdoor Gas Emission Sampling (OGES) System | |
| Luo et al. | Improved R70 method for evaluating heat of wetting effects on low rank coal’s self-heating process |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C12 | Rejection of a patent application after its publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20130710 |