CN106769690A - A kind of heavy gas leakage diffusion and control research experiment method - Google Patents
A kind of heavy gas leakage diffusion and control research experiment method Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N13/00—Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N13/00—Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
- G01N2013/003—Diffusion; diffusivity between liquids
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of heavy gas leakage diffusion and control research experiment method, technology is controlled in itself by orthogonal test, obtains influenceing the key factor and influence degree size of performance；Refinement Control release is carried out according to the key factor for obtaining, the quantitative relationship between key factor and influence degree size is confirmed；Weight gas leakage being carried out by orthogonal test to spread and Control release, determining influence weight gas cloud concentration and key factor, the influence degree of distribution under different condition, follow the trail of matter energy whereabouts, announcement control mechanism finds interactively between each control technology；According to interactively, key factor and influence degree between each control technology for obtaining, founding mathematical models, prediction varying environment condition, leak condition and evaporation rate under corresponding control technology, and lower wind direction LFL maximum distances.The present invention has extraordinary effect for the research control LNG leakage hazards by various control technologies.
Description
Technical field
It is real with control research the present invention relates to liquefied natural gas security technology area, more particularly to a kind of heavy gas leakage diffusion
Proved recipe method.
Background technology
Gas carbon dioxide, liquefied natural gas (LNG) etc. again, because its specific use is used widely, rapid development.
But this gases did escape, steam spreads along earth's surface, certain harm can be caused, or even trigger blast.Research heavy gas dispersion
Feature and Release and dispersion coverage how is controlled, harm reduction consequence controls Release and dispersion risk, as safing
One of key issue.
Investigation according to the heavy gas leakage diffusion research device to domestic and foreign current finds that research both at home and abroad is in weight gas leakage
Diffusion research is also far from enough.Involved domestic and international main patent has following items.
Chinese patent CN104297424A discloses a kind of LNG leakages water curtain Control release method, and experimental provision includes letting out
Place system, water curtain system, data collecting system and control system, wherein bleed-off system include that LNG storage tank, LNG release tank, inertia
Gas cylinders, shower nozzle of releasing；Water curtain system includes water inlet pipe line, water spray nozzle；The data collecting system is included at signal
Reason device, thermocouple, methane concentration detector, anemobiagraph, hygrometer, high-speed camera；LNG storage tank is released by pipeline with gas again
Tank is connected, and LNG tanks of releasing are connected by pipeline of releasing with shower nozzle of releasing, and water inlet pipe line one end is provided with water spray nozzle, water curtain area
Monitoring lattice array is provided with domain, the monitoring point is connected by data wire with data collecting system, data collecting system is by number
It is connected with control system according to line.The set experimental provision is used to carry out LNG leakage water curtain Control releases.
Chinese patent CN104318623A is related to a kind of LNG receiving stations to leak and blast accident simulation shows method, mainly
Solution does not account for LNG receiving stations complex environment factor to spreading the influence of blast, not carrying out strict mould in the prior art
The problem for intending calculating.The invention is leaked and blast accident simulation shows method by using a kind of LNG receiving stations, and user is by stepping on
The leakage of record LNG receiving stations and blast accident simulation shows platform, check LNG Release and dispersions and blast influence under different accident scenes
Scope, according to the judgement to accident and simulation shows result, plans rational escape route；The LNG receiving stations leakage and combustion
Quick-fried accident simulation shows platform includes LNG receiving stations threedimensional model, the leakage of believable LNG receiving stations and blast accident scene, base
The leakage that is calculated in CFD and fire result of calculation, the technical scheme of touch-screen and preferably solve above mentioned problem, can be used for LNG
In receiving station's leakage and blast accident simulation shows.
A kind of skid-mounted type LNG station LNG Release and dispersions control jury rigs of Chinese patent CN104989956A, including it is removable
Dynamic formula skid base, is provided with foam mixing liquid bucket and nitrogen cylinder on packaged type skid base, nitrogen cylinder and foam are mixed
Close liquid bucket to be connected by nitrogen delivery pipe road, foam mixing liquid bucket top is provided with high-expansion foam generator, foam mixing liquid
Bucket is connected by foam mixing liquid delivery pipe with high-expansion foam generator, and the rear end of high-expansion foam generator is provided with explosion-proof
Air blower, explosion-proof air blower is connected with portable power source, and portable power source is arranged on packaged type skid base.The present invention can be applied
In places such as LNG gas stations, LNG receiving stations, liquefaction plant, LNG peak regulations station, liquefied petroleum gas, in LNG station occurrence of large-area
Can immediately be come into operation after leakage, produce high expansion foam to control the evaporation and diffusion of vaporous cloud in LNG liquid pools, reduce evaporation
Rate, it is to avoid cause more serious secondary disaster.
Chinese patent CN102879305A LNG Release and dispersions and pond fire combustion simulation experiment porch and its experimental technique, bag
Include the experimental system being made up of LNG storage tank, insulated piping, experimental provision, explosiveproof isolation wall；By electronic balance, ignition system, first
Alkane concentration detector, thermocouple tree, data acquisition unit, video camera composition test system and by PLC control system, all kinds of displays
The control system of instrument and control valve composition.Experiment is spread by the LNG surfaces to replacing surfacing and adjustment angle
The design of device, can carry out again gas different material surface and trickling speed under spread, gasify spread experimental simulation；Points of engagement
Fiery system and methane concentration detector, realize again gas gas cloud change in concentration monitoring and gas cloud igniting, and carry out automatically data and
IMAQ.The platform has the advantages of short expense of experimental period is low, and conventional efficient is high.Using the design experimental procedure it is few and
Strict that lower guarantee experiment safety is monitored and controlled, easy to operate, assay reproducibility is high.
Above patented technology, equal counterweight gas leakage diffusion is studied and designed.Each patent, is being applied to gas again above
There is problems with during Release and dispersion Study of Prevention Technology：
(1) each patent more than can be entered to the distribution of weight gas leakage diffusion gas cloud, explosive combustion characteristic under different control methods
Row research, but the combination of optimum controling method or control method under the conditions of which kind of can not be given by experiment.
(2) above patent is mainly used in weighing gas leakage diffusion in the case of research is single, does not form influence under different condition
Weight gas leakage diffusion key factor, factor influence degree, to it is different control emergence technologies under weight gas leakage diffusion property and
The mechanism of action is simulated research.
In a word, above patent counterweight gas leakage and the control technology taken carry out small test and study not comprehensive.
The content of the invention
The present invention is in order to solve the above problems, it is proposed that a kind of heavy gas leakage diffusion and control research experiment method, this hair
It is bright to solve to control weight gas leakage diffusion danger under prior art there is no different condition (natural conditions, leak condition, control technology)
The problem of the Study on mechanism of harmful key factor, factor influence degree and control technology, and estimate factor with accurate
The advantage that reciprocation, test number (TN) be few between size, each factor, experimental result is intuitively easily analyzed.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：
A kind of heavy gas leakage diffusion and control research experiment method, comprise the following steps：
(1) technology is controlled in itself by orthogonal test, obtains influenceing the key factor and influence degree size of performance；
(2) refinement Control release is carried out according to the key factor for obtaining, is confirmed between key factor and influence degree size
Quantitative relationship；
(3) carry out weight gas leakage by orthogonal test to spread and Control release, determine to influence weight gas cloud dense under different condition
Degree with distribution key factor, influence degree, follow the trail of matter energy whereabouts, disclose control mechanism, find each control technology it
Between interactively；
(4) according to interactively, key factor and influence degree between each control technology for obtaining, mathematical modulo is set up
Type, prediction varying environment condition, leak condition and evaporation rate under corresponding control technology, and lower wind direction LFL maximum distances.
In the step (1), control technology includes foam control, water curtain control or/and barrier control.
In the step (1), characterizing the parameter of high power foam performance includes coefficient of foaming, rupture rate, foam size and divides
Cloth, influences the adjustable key factor of its performance to include foam dope species, nozzle, filter screen, air inflow and foam hydraulic coupling；Shadow
The key factor of Xiangshui County's curtain performance is water, water pressure and nozzle, and data are represented by choosing, and sets up orthogonal test, is carried out
Data processing, obtains influenceing the key factor and influence degree size of performance.
In the step (2), the conclusion to being obtained in step (1) does for supplement confirmatory experiment, improves data, sets up quantitative relationship
Formula.
In the step (3), different performance high power foam, water curtain and different pattern barriers are right under different natural environments
The influence of LNG Release and dispersions is different, according to obtaining influence high power foam, the factor of water curtain performance and quantitative relationship, according to obtaining
Conclusion select representational parameter.
In the step (3), barrier shape, size and position can produce influence, barrier to LNG vaporous clouds concentration distribution
The experiment size for hindering thing is to be scaled to obtain by a certain percentage according to full size.
In the step (3), found by orthogonal test influence under different condition weight gas cloud concentration and distribution it is crucial because
Element, influence degree, while pay close attention to foam frost zone, accelerate again gas to gasify the data of effect, according to experimental result do for supplement experiment with
And the data for collecting carry out data analysis arrangement, matter energy whereabouts is followed the trail of, disclose control mechanism, find each control technology
Between interactively, for numerical simulation provides data supporting.
In the step (3), natural conditions include temperature, humidity, radiation and/or wind speed, and leak condition includes leak
Footpath, leakage shape, leakage landform, leakage rate and/or leak position.
In the step (4), the physical parameter of each control technology is obtained, founding mathematical models predict varying environment bar
Evaporation rate under part, leak condition, control technology, and lower wind direction LFL maximum distances.
In the step (4), there is optimal parameter combination in each control technology, there is influence each other in itself, pass through
The data accumulation and numerical simulation result that experiment is obtained obtain LNG control optimum technology parameters under different condition, to obtain
LNG controls optimum technology parameter under to different condition.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are：
(1) it is of the invention applied widely, can be used as LNG Release and dispersion, high power foam control under different natural environments
System weight gas leakage diffusion harm principle, water curtain control weight gas leakage diffusion harm principle and barrier control weight gas leakage diffusion danger
The research of evil principle；
(2) present invention is expanded obtaining influence leakage in the case of various natural conditions, leak condition, control by orthogonal test
Scattered key factor, influence degree simultaneously quantify, and the carrying out of refinement experiment is determined according to result；
(3) present invention can find out interaction between each factor to control technology in itself, most by orthogonal test
Whole Release and dispersion control effect influences size, is decided whether to study the interaction between each factor according to result；
(4) present invention is obtained whether there is relation between characterization control technical role effectiveness indicator, closed by orthogonal test
It is tightness degree, so as to simplify index, obtains influenceing the key index of Release and dispersion control effect；
(5) present invention is obtained between each factor, factor and control Release and dispersion effectiveness indicator parameter by refining experiment
Quantitative relationship, the seizure of phenomenon, observation, data extract and quantitative analysis, obtain matter energy whereabouts, control technology
The mechanism of action is numerical simulation, standard is set up, design guidance accumulates initial data.
(6) present invention reduces experiment number, research cost has been saved, has simplified data results, enrichment
Experimental data, sets up for control system and provides written quantization guidance.
Brief description of the drawings
The Figure of description for constituting the part of the application is used for providing further understanding of the present application, and the application's shows
Meaning property embodiment and its illustrated for explaining the application, does not constitute the improper restriction to the application.
Fig. 1 is test method flow chart of the invention；
Fig. 2 is specific applicable system example structure figure of the invention；
Wherein：1- wind-tunnel；2- weight gas storage tanks；3- cryogenic liquid leakage collecting pits；4- cryogenic liquid recycling cans；5- water curtains spray
Head stretches into hole；6- foaming cylinders stretch into hole；7- mass balances；8- humidistats；9- thermoregulators；10- radiation regulations
Device；11- velocity regulators；12- auxiliary heaters；13- water curtain water pipelines；Gas fills pipeline to 14- again；15- cryogenic liquids are reclaimed
Pipeline；16- gas blow-down pipes again；17- chromatographs；Gas fills valve to 18- again；19- gas charging flowmeters again；20- cryogenic liquids
Reclaim valve；Gas is vented valve to 21- again；22- anemobiagraphs；23- hygronoms；24- high-speed cameras；25- common cameras；26-
Leakage monitored down lattice array；27- liquid level gauges；28- pressure of storage tank tables；29- graduated scales；30- monitors lattice array；31- humidity controls
Signal processed；32- temperature control signals signals；33- radiation control signals；34- blast velocity control signals；35- leaks landform control
Signal processed；36- evaporation raties receive signal；37- monitoring points array received signal；38- wind speed receives signal；39- humidity receives letter
Number；40- high speed images receive signal；41- normal images receive signal；42- control terminals.
Specific embodiment：
The invention will be further described with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
It is noted that described further below is all exemplary, it is intended to provide further instruction to the application.Unless another
Indicate, all technologies used herein and scientific terminology are with usual with the application person of an ordinary skill in the technical field
The identical meanings of understanding.
It should be noted that term used herein above is merely to describe specific embodiment, and be not intended to restricted root
According to the illustrative embodiments of the application.As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, otherwise singulative
Be also intended to include plural form, additionally, it should be understood that, when in this manual use term "comprising" and/or " bag
Include " when, it indicates existing characteristics, step, operation, device, component and/or combinations thereof.
The method that the present invention is provided is that one kind can as needed carry out varying environment condition, leak condition, control technology
In the case of weight gas leakage diffusion research.Lack understanding in itself for control technology under small test, which parameter influence high power bubble
Foam, water curtain performance are not known, it is necessary first to which control technology is studied in itself, are then carried out leakage post-control technology and are applied real
Test.Due to being related to factor more, and which be leading factor, influence size and between relation be required to analysis and research, institute
To determine research factor span by trying experiment first, then carrying software according to platform carries out Orthogonal Experiment and Design and right
Experimental result summarize extract, according to this step result refinement do for supplement experiment, using platform carry data processing software obtain influence because
Quantitative relationship between plain parameter, between performance characterization parameter, tracks matter energy whereabouts, and analysis and Control mechanism is numerical simulation, standard
Set up, design guidance accumulates initial data.Conclusion is taken an overall view of, is set up for control system and written quantization guidance is provided.The present invention
There is extraordinary effect for the research control LNG leakage hazards by various control technologies.
As shown in figure 1, comprising the following steps：
S101, is controlled technology and studies in itself by orthogonal test；
S102, perfect refinement control technology of having a penalty heat is studied in itself；
S103, carries out weight gas leakage and spreads and control research experiment research by orthogonal test；
S104, model is set up according to test data, carries out numerical simulation, obtains evaporation rate, again gas concentration and distribution, influence
Scope；
S105, sets up complete control system.
It is of the invention specific implementation flow be：
Orthogonal test method described in step 1 is：Research control technology in itself, passed through before orthogonal test is carried out first
Examination experiment determines each factor level scope, is that orthogonal test factor level determines to lay the first stone.Characterize the ginseng of high power foam performance
Number include coefficient of foaming, rupture rate, foam size with distribution, and influence the adjustable key factor of its performance include foam dope
Species, nozzle, filter screen, air inflow, foam hydraulic coupling, the key factor for influenceing water curtain performance are water, water pressure, nozzle, mirror
In orthogonal test feature, examination experiment is first carried out, take into account other specification, select each parameter close to extreme two values, using flat
Platform carries software and sets up orthogonal test, and then carrying data processing software using platform carries out data processing, obtains influenceing performance
Key factor and influence degree size, relation is whether there is between each performance.
In step 2, the conclusion obtained according to step 1 finds the key factor of influence control performance, does for supplement experiment, improves number
According to setting up between factor and factor, quantitative relationship formula between factor and performance, between performance and performance.
In step 3, different performance high power foam, water curtain and different pattern barriers expand leakage under different natural environments
Dissipate influence different, first two steps obtain influence high power foam, the factor of water curtain performance and quantitative relationship, are chosen according to the conclusion for obtaining
Select representational parameter.Barrier shape, size and position can produce influence to vaporous cloud concentration with distribution, based on small-sized
Experiment, experiment size is scaled and obtained by a certain percentage according to full size, and the size for barrier can be according to this platform
Data processing software directly input and obtain, due to being related to that multifactor which factor is dominated, other specification is taken into account first, select every
Individual parameter is found under different condition (natural conditions, leak condition, control technology) close to extreme two values by orthogonal test
Influence LNG vaporous clouds concentration and the key factor, the influence degree that are distributed, while paying close attention to foam frost zone, accelerating gasification effect etc.
Phenomenon related data, the data separate platform doed for supplement experiment according to experimental result and collect carries data processing software
Data analysis arrangement is carried out, matter energy whereabouts is followed the trail of, control mechanism is disclosed, interactively between each control technology is found,
For numerical simulation provides data supporting.Natural conditions include temperature, humidity, radiation, wind speed, leak condition include leakage aperture,
Leakage shape, leakage landform, leakage rate, leak position.
In step 4, according to preceding step experimental data, each physical parameter is obtained, founding mathematical models predict varying environment bar
LNG evaporation raties under part, control technology, and lower wind direction LFL maximum distances.
In step 5, there is optimal parameter combination in each control technology, different control technologies are also and non-orphaned is present in itself,
There is influence each other, only each technical parameter cooperates in design and can be only achieved optimal control effect, passes through
The data accumulation and numerical simulation result that experiment is obtained obtain Release and dispersion control optimum technology parameter under different condition.
The present invention can be used to do following research：
(1) LNG Release and dispersions under different natural environments
Concentration is different from distribution after weight gas leakage under different natural environments (temperature, humidity, radiation, wind speed), and this method is led to
Cross control temperature, humidity, radiation, wind speed, when natural environment is different with control device, by orthogonal test, measuring system and
Data acquisition and processing system is analyzed to experimental data, you can obtain controlling Release and dispersion harm under different natural environments
Key factor, influence degree, optimal parameter.
(2) high power foam control weight gas leakage diffusion harm principle
Friendship between 5 big parameters of regulation influence foaming properties, analysis different performance high power foam and cryogenic liquid, again gas
Interaction, record description phenomenon measures relevant parameter, obtains key factor, influence degree, optimal parameter, follows the trail of matter energy
Whereabouts, carries out study mechanism, sets up numerical simulation, and standard of realizing is set up, design optimization.
(3) water curtain control weight gas leakage diffusion harm principle
4 big parameters of regulation influence water curtain performance, work is interacted between analysis different performance water curtain and cryogenic liquid, again gas
With, record description phenomenon measures relevant parameter, obtains key factor, influence degree, optimal parameter, follows the trail of matter energy whereabouts,
Study mechanism is carried out, numerical simulation is set up, standard of realizing is set up, design optimization.
(4) barrier control weight gas leakage diffusion harm principle
Reciprocation between change barrier shape, size, position, the different barriers of analysis and cryogenic liquid, again gas,
Record description phenomenon, measures relevant parameter, obtains key factor, influence degree, optimal parameter, follows the trail of matter energy whereabouts, enters
Row study mechanism, sets up numerical simulation, and standard of realizing is set up, design optimization.
The experiment porch that the present invention is based on includes：General experimental wind tunnel system, again gas filling and recovery system, control technology
Testing experimental system, auxiliary heating system, data Collection ＆ Processing System.The experimental wind tunnel system can simulate again gas nature ring
Release and dispersion under border；The data collecting system includes signal processor, graduated scale, thermocouple, oxygen concentration detecting instrument, wind speed
Instrument, hygrometer, common camera, high-speed camera, rate of evaporation device.
As shown in Fig. 2 a kind of heavy gas leakage diffusion and control research experiment platform, including General experimental wind tunnel system, weight
Gas is filled and recovery system, control technology testing experimental system, auxiliary heating system, data Collection ＆ Processing System.The present invention
Sunykatuib analysis LNG is in different leakage size shaped positions, temperature, humidity, wind speed, radiation and active and passive control technology
Evaporation rate and Release and dispersion steam temperature, concentration and distribution are influenceed under (barrier (cofferdam, high-wall), water curtain, high power foam)
Key factor, influence degree, the observation extraction and analysis (such as lather collapse process) of minor detail, follow the trail of matter energy go
To, study mechanism is carried out, set up numerical simulation.
Certainly the composition of gas can be other again, such as carbon dioxide.
The heavy gas filling includes that weight gas storage tank 2, cryogenic liquid leakage collecting pit 3, cryogenic liquid are reclaimed with recovery system
Tank 4, filler pipe 14, recovery tube 15；The control technology testing experimental system includes high power foam control part of detecting, water curtain control
Part of detecting processed, barrier control section, only reserve the hole of each control part of detecting in the present apparatus, will control during experiment
Technology other assemblies processed are tested by being connected with reserving hole.It is hair that the high power foam controls part of detecting reserving hole
Bubble cylinder stretches into hole 6.The water curtain controls test experiments part reserving hole to stretch into hole 5 for drencher.The data are adopted
Acquisition means include graduated scale 29, monitoring lattice array 30, high-speed camera 24, common camera 25, mass balance 7, chromatograph 17,
Wherein monitoring lattice array includes thermocouple, oxygen concentration detecting instrument；Described control system includes temperature, humidity, amount of radiation, wind
The display instruments such as speed, pressure, flow and all kinds of control valves, display instrument.
Weight gas storage tank discharges into test section by leakage line, then will weight gas storage tank (cryogenic liquid for cryogenic liquid
Storage tank) it is connected with cryogenic liquid leakage collecting pit, cryogenic liquid leakage collecting pit is by recovery line and cryogenic liquid recycling can
Be connected, high power foam generating means is connected with the cylinder that foams, and water inlet pipe line one end is provided with water spray nozzle, test zone downstream according to
Needs are provided with adjustable monitoring lattice array, and the monitoring point is connected by data wire with data collecting system, data collecting system
It is connected with control system by data wire.
Gas storage again is equipped with pressure gauge 28, liquid level gauge 27, flowmeter 19 in the weight gas storage tank 2 of insulated cryogen on storage tank,
For monitoring state, the weight gas leakage amount of weight gas storage tank；Cryogenic liquid leakage collecting pit 3 is used for storing what single experiment was used
Gas again, before the experiment, a certain amount of cryogenic liquid needed for by experiment is introduced into leakage collecting tank from cryogenic liquid storage tank,
If gas again, directly it is introduced into experimental provision from weight gas storage tank；During leakage experiment is carried out, by controlling going out for storage tank
Mouth valve control weight gas leakage amount；The cryogenic liquid that leaks out, again gas are connected to cryogenic liquid leakage collecting pit 3 or straight by pipeline 14
Tap into experimental provision, can be according to experiment demand selection different shape, the bleeder pipe in aperture.
Cryogenic liquid leakage collecting pit 3, control technology test system are loaded in wind-tunnel as needed, can be as needed
By the humidistat 8, thermoregulator 9, radiation tune machine 10, the regulation weight gas leakage of velocity regulator 11 that are carried in wind-tunnel
Temperature, humidity in environment, amount of radiation, wind speed.
Water required for manufacture water curtain is introduced by water inlet pipe line 13, and pressure gauge, flowmeter, outlet valve are housed on water pipe
For controlling water；Introduce water pipe to be connected with drencher, drencher is detachable equipment, can be according to experiment demand choosing
The shower nozzle in different shape, aperture is selected, different shape, size, water-carrying capacity water curtain can be manufactured.Only need to be by water inlet pipe line during experiment
Connection drencher in drencher reserving hole by being introduced into wind-tunnel.
Foam solution needed for manufacture high power foam introduces high power foam generator by pipeline, is produced through high power foam generator
The foamed cylinder of high power foam introduce foam receiving tank, can according to experiment need selection different foam liquid, foam solution flow pressure,
Absorbing quantity, shower nozzle, filter screen, can manufacture the high power foam of different coefficient of foaming, rupture rate, size, covering performance.During experiment only
The connection of foam-making apparatus various pieces need to be debugged, then connection foaming cylinder in the cylinder reserving hole that foams by introducing wind-tunnel
In.
In some monitoring points 30 of leakage hole arranged downstream, corresponding placement thermocouple, oxygen concentration analyzer on each point
And be connected with data acquisition unit；Arrange that anemobiagraph 24, hygrometer 25, high-speed camera 26, the record of common camera 27 are adopted simultaneously
Collection experiment image data and meteorological data；Corresponding sensor can be again installed as needed for control technology part of detecting, such as
Thermocouple, oxygen sensor are installed in high power foam foaming cylinder top, drencher lower section；Applied for phenomenon such as high power foam
It is added to and frost zone is formed on cryogenic liquid, extracted gas frost zone again by electric saw, frost zone is obtained by water at atmospheric pressure solution and is contained
Tolerance, then extracts gas and analyzes gas component by chromatograph 17.
Described control system display instrument and all kinds of controls such as including temperature, humidity, amount of radiation, wind speed, pressure, flow
Valve processed, all kinds of display instruments are arranged in corresponding storage tank, equipment and attached pipeline, and control valve is arranged on corresponding storage tank
On turnover pipeline；Described data collecting system is connected with control system, and the data-signal that will be collected is aggregated into control
System terminal is processed.
The monitoring lattice array is made up of a series of monitoring point for being distributed in gas bleed outlet downstream again, on each monitoring point
Thermocouple, oxygen concentration detecting instrument are arranged simultaneously, monitoring location can be adjusted as needed, the detection of each monitoring point
Signal is pooled to signal processor and carries out the record of data and preserve, and is connected to control terminal, and each monitoring point thing is shown in real time
Manage the change of parameter.
Described experiment porch can simulate weight gas leakage to scene in different terrain, public according to the big utilizing object conducting heat of semo-infinite
Formula, obtains different temperatures topographical surface and leaks temperature variation curve after gas again, and correlation is directly inputted by platform inputting interface
Parameter, you can gas is let out again in the case of startup control system regulation auxiliary heating system heating power simulation different terrain different temperatures
Leakage diffusion scene.
The present invention as needed, carries out weight gas leakage diffusion model under different zoom ratio, is given by data handling system
Corresponding weight gas leakage amount, wind speed.Change according to mass balance quality obtains gas evaporation rate again, according to graduated scale, commonly takes the photograph
The seizure of camera and later data are processed, and are obtained required data and then are carried out energy whereabouts tracking.By removable monitoring dot matrix
The visualization of colourless gas cloud is obtained temperature, concentration and the distribution of weight gas leakage source downstream gas cloud by row.Caught by high-speed camera
The whereabouts of material during lather collapse process, water curtain forming process, foam frost layer formation process etc., then comprehensive other measurements
Data analysis.
The experiment porch can carry out the small test of various control technology, can provide each correlative and consider size factor
Value is calculated in interior conversion, control technology parameter arbitrarily can be adjusted individually, control technology performance such as frostproof froth n multiple, stabilization
Property, foam size with distribution, water curtain granular size with distribution can provide quantized values, energy whereabouts can be given.
Measurement of the experiment porch to vapor concentration is used uniformly across oxygen concentration sensor, improves versatility, changes
Gas can also realize measurement.
Preferably, described General experimental wind tunnel system test section rectangular cross-section, is easy to the installation of experimental provision；Test
Section is transparent, is easy to observation and the data record of experimental phenomena；Test section band rotary lifting platform, can carry out height to pool location
Degree, relative angle adjustment.
Described General experimental wind tunnel system can simulate not equality of temperature by heater, humidifier, frequency conversion fan, radiant panel
Natural environment under degree, humidity, wind speed, radiation event.
Experiment reclaims remaining cryogenic liquid in cryogenic liquid leakage collecting pit and its attached pipeline after terminating, emptying.
Certainly, above-mentioned experiment porch is a kind of embodiment, as long as experiment porch can be tested under various environment, obstacle
Thing (cofferdam, high-wall), water curtain, high power foam control technology can be fitted for the experiment porch of the control of the leakage diffusion of gas again
The test method provided with the present invention.
The preferred embodiment of the application is the foregoing is only, the application is not limited to, for the skill of this area
For art personnel, the application can have various modifications and variations.It is all within spirit herein and principle, made any repair
Change, equivalent, improvement etc., should be included within the protection domain of the application.
Although above-mentioned be described with reference to accompanying drawing to specific embodiment of the invention, not to present invention protection model
The limitation enclosed, one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that on the basis of technical scheme those skilled in the art are not
Need the various modifications made by paying creative work or deformation still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of heavy gas leakage spreads and controls research experiment method, it is characterized in that：Comprise the following steps：
(1) technology is controlled in itself by orthogonal test, obtains influenceing the key factor and influence degree size of performance；
(2) refinement Control release is carried out according to the key factor for obtaining, confirms the amount between key factor and influence degree size
Change relation；
(3) weight gas leakage is carried out by orthogonal test to spread and Control release, determine to influence under different condition weight gas cloud concentration with
The key factor of distribution, influence degree, follow the trail of matter energy whereabouts, disclose control mechanism, find work between each control technology
With relation；
(4) according to interactively, key factor and influence degree between each control technology for obtaining, founding mathematical models, in advance
Survey varying environment condition, leak condition and evaporation rate under corresponding control technology, and lower wind direction LFL maximum distances.
2. a kind of heavy gas leakage as claimed in claim 1 spreads and controls research experiment method, it is characterized in that：The step
(1) in, control technology includes foam control, water curtain control or/and barrier control.
3. a kind of heavy gas leakage as claimed in claim 1 spreads and controls research experiment method, it is characterized in that：The step
(1) in, characterizing the parameter of high power foam performance includes coefficient of foaming, rupture rate, foam size and distribution, influences its performance adjustable
The key factor of section includes foam dope species, nozzle, filter screen, air inflow and foam hydraulic coupling；Influence the key of water curtain performance
Factor is water, water pressure and nozzle, and data are represented by choosing, and sets up orthogonal test, carries out data processing, is influenceed
The key factor of performance and influence degree size.
4. a kind of heavy gas leakage as claimed in claim 1 spreads and controls research experiment method, it is characterized in that：The step
(2) in, the conclusion to being obtained in step (1) does for supplement confirmatory experiment, improves data, sets up quantitative relationship formula.
5. a kind of heavy gas leakage as claimed in claim 1 spreads and controls research experiment method, it is characterized in that：The step
(3) in, different performance high power foam, water curtain and different pattern barriers influence under different natural environments on LNG Release and dispersions
Difference, according to influence high power foam, the factor of water curtain performance and quantitative relationship is obtained, representative has been selected according to the conclusion for obtaining
The parameter of property.
6. a kind of heavy gas leakage as claimed in claim 1 spreads and controls research experiment method, it is characterized in that：The step
(3) in, barrier shape, size and position can produce influence to LNG vaporous clouds concentration distribution, and the experiment size of barrier is
Scaled by a certain percentage according to full size and obtained.
7. a kind of heavy gas leakage as claimed in claim 1 spreads and controls research experiment method, it is characterized in that：The step
(3) in, weight gas cloud concentration and the key factor, the influence degree that are distributed are influenceed under finding different condition by orthogonal test, while
Concern foam frost zone, the data for accelerating again gas gasification effect, the data doed for supplement experiment according to experimental result and collect are entered
Row data analysis and arrangement, follows the trail of matter energy whereabouts, discloses control mechanism, finds interactively between each control technology, is
Numerical simulation provides data supporting.
8. a kind of heavy gas leakage as claimed in claim 1 spreads and controls research experiment method, it is characterized in that：The step
(3) in, natural conditions include temperature, humidity, radiation and/or wind speed, and leak condition includes leakage aperture, leakage shape, leakage
Landform, leakage rate and/or leak position.
9. a kind of heavy gas leakage as claimed in claim 1 spreads and controls research experiment method, it is characterized in that：The step
(4) in, the physical parameter of each control technology, founding mathematical models, prediction varying environment condition, leak condition, control are obtained
Evaporation rate under technology, and lower wind direction LFL maximum distances.
10. a kind of heavy gas leakage as claimed in claim 1 spreads and controls research experiment method, it is characterized in that：The step
(4) in, there is optimal parameter combination in each control technology, there is influence each other in itself, and the data obtained by experiment are accumulated
Tired and numerical simulation result obtains LNG control optimum technology parameters under different condition, is controlled with LNG under obtaining different condition
Optimum technology parameter processed.
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