CN106769177A - Portable shallow layer soft soil original state sampling device and sampling method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a portable shallow soft soil undisturbed sampling device and a sampling method. Aiming at the problems that the soft soil with high water content is easy to slide along the inner wall of the sampler during sampling; the undisturbed soil column is easily disturbed in the process of trimming, separation and post-processing; the inner cavity of the sampler is difficult to clean, etc., a solution is proposed. The sampling device includes a sampler, a positioner and a separator. Smooth sampling is achieved through the sampling rod, steering seat, force transmission seat and sampling cylinder, and the piston and baffle are used to generate negative pressure in the inner cavity of the force transmission seat to prevent soil samples from slipping. Trimming, separation and encapsulation of the soil column are achieved by the split liner and separator. Method plan: remove surface miscellaneous soil, assemble the sampling device, press the sampler into a specific depth; then lift the sampling rod to seal the inner cavity of the force transmission seat; unscrew the sampler, remove the sampling cylinder, and use a separator to line the The tube is pushed out and sealed with a cap. The device has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, small sampling disturbance and high efficiency.

Description

Portable shallow soft soil undisturbed sampling device and sampling method

technical field

The invention relates to a sampling device and a sampling method, in particular to a portable shallow soft soil original sampling device and a sampling method. The utility model belongs to the field of geotechnical engineering, and is suitable for taking undisturbed soil from the surface and shallow layers of geotechnical engineering surveys, and is also suitable for sampling undisturbed shallow layers of undisturbed soil for geotechnical tests and scientific research.

Background technique

Undisturbed soil sampling is the basic content of geotechnical engineering investigation and scientific research. Due to its unique structural and physical and mechanical properties, undisturbed soil has become an essential element of scientific research in soil geology, soil mechanics, engineering geology, soil science and other disciplines. Also because of its unique and complex engineering mechanical properties, it is necessary to minimize disturbance during the sampling process of undisturbed soil to ensure that its natural structure is not damaged. How to quickly and undisturbed the undisturbed sample is the key to ensuring engineering geological investigation and scientific experimental research. prerequisites for accuracy and reliability.

The newly deposited soft soil has very important scientific significance and practical value because of its special and complex mechanical properties and high disaster-causing properties. However, due to its high water content, large void ratio, high compressibility, and high sensitivity, it is easily disturbed during the sampling process; soft soil in a flow-plastic and soft-plastic state is easy to slip along the inner wall of the sampler during the soil sampling process; and the soil The samples are easily disturbed during the separation from the sampler and the storage of the soil samples. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an efficient and simple sampling device, a fast and reliable sampling method based on the sampling device, to solve the problem of difficult sampling of shallow soft soil in its original state.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, aiming at the current shallow soft soil with high water content that is easy to slide down along the inner wall of the sampler when sampling; the undisturbed soil column is easily disturbed in the process of trimming and separation; Clean up issues and propose solutions. Ensure that when the sampler leaves the soil sampling surface, the soil sample will not fall out of the sampler due to its high water content. Reduce the disturbance of soil samples during the collection, separation and storage process. The device is simple in structure, easy to operate, simple in method and easy to master. The integration of sample sampling-sample separation-sample storage has been realized, and has broad application prospects.

In order to achieve the above technical purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

The portable shallow soft soil sampling device mainly includes a sampler, a positioner and a separator.

The sampler includes a handle, a sampling rod, a steering seat, a power transmission seat, a piston, a baffle and a sampling cylinder. The upper end of the sampling rod is equipped with a handle, and the lower end of the sampling rod is integrally welded with the steering seat and the piston. Sliding up and down, the piston is inserted into the force transmission seat and is slidably connected with the force transmission seat. The bottom end of the piston and the baffle are fixed through threaded connection. Exhaust holes are arranged symmetrically in four directions on the conical surface of the force transmission seat, which are connected with the inner cavity of the force transmission seat. A baffle is arranged at the exit of the exhaust hole correspondingly, and the baffle is hinged with the conical surface of the force transmission seat and can just cover the exhaust hole. The bottom end of the force transmission base is connected and fixed with the sampling cylinder through threads. Inside the sampling cylinder is a split liner made of plexiglass. The liner is close to the inner wall of the sampling cylinder and fixed by the hollow plastic plate at the upper end and the pin at the lower end. Sampling The lower end of the cylinder is a necking section.

The positioner includes a horizontal platform and a bracket. The limit hole of the horizontal platform is closely attached to the outer wall of the sampling cylinder. There are two horizontal bubbles on the horizontal platform panel, which can determine whether the horizontal platform is level. The triangular support and the horizontal platform are connected through positioning screw holes, and a foot piece is arranged at one end of the support, and the support and the support, and the support and the ground are connected and fixed through the foot piece through long pins.

The separator includes a bottom plate, a fixed cylinder, a support ring, a bulldozing blade, a screw and a hand crank. One side of the bottom plate is provided with a fixed cylinder, and one end of the fixed cylinder is provided with threads, which can be fixedly connected with the sampling cylinder through threads, and a threaded hole is provided in the cylinder to ensure the screw in and out. The screw rod passes through the fixed barrel, and one end is fixedly connected with the bulldozing blade, and the other end is fixedly connected with the crank handle. The other side of the bottom plate is provided with a support ring for supporting the sampling cylinder. Shake the crank handle to screw the screw in, and advance through the bulldozing blade to push out the lining pipe and soil sample in the sampling cylinder.

The steering seat can be embedded in the slot of the force transmission seat, and the steering seat can slide up and down in the slot, and the rotation of the steering seat by the sampling rod can drive the force transmission seat and the sampling cylinder to rotate, so as to realize the overall rotation of the sampler.

The exhaust hole baffle is hinged to the conical surface of the force transmission seat, and the hinge point is at the upper part of the outlet of the exhaust hole, so that the baffle can just cover the exhaust hole. When pressing down to take soil, the air pressure in the inner cavity will push the baffle open, drain and exhaust through the vent hole, and when the sampler is lifted up, the baffle covers the vent hole to prevent air from entering the inner cavity of the force transmission seat.

The outer diameter of the hollow plastic plate is the same as the inner diameter of the sampling cylinder, and the inner diameter of the hollow plastic plate is smaller than the inner diameter of the lining pipe and the inner diameter of the force transmission seat.

There are four pins, which are evenly and symmetrically distributed around the circumference of the outer wall of the sampling cylinder.

Scales are marked on both sides of the outer wall of the sampling cylinder and the force transmission seat, and the sampling depth can be calculated. The cutting edge angle of the necking section at the bottom of the sampling cylinder is 5-10°.

The lining pipe should be equipped with a sealing cover, which is divided into an upper cover (81) and a lower cover (82), so as to realize the sealing of soil samples.

As a preference, the diameter of the inner liner is 70mm, and the height is 280mm. For the triaxial sample of Φ39.1×80mm, 3 samples can be formed at one time; for the triaxial sample of Φ61.8×125mm, 2 samples can be formed at one time. indivual.

The diameter of the bulldozing plate of the separator is larger than the inner diameter of the hollow plastic plate and smaller than the inner diameter of the sampling cylinder and the fixing cylinder. The inner diameter of the support ring is the same as the outer diameter of the sampling cylinder.

The sampling method realized by the portable shallow soft soil original sampling device comprises the following steps:

a. Site treatment: According to the requirements of the test research objects and geotechnical test samples, select a suitable site for sampling, select a position with flat terrain and uniform soil quality, remove surface miscellaneous soil, and level the exposed ground. If it is necessary to take soil samples with a slightly deeper burial depth, it is necessary to combine twist drills, Luoyang shovels, etc. to remove the overlying soil layer, and then level the exposed surface to make the exposed surface flat and easy to take soil.

b. Device preparation: Set up the positioner. When the air bubbles in the horizontal and vertical horizontal bubbles are all in the middle of the liquid surface, it means that the water platform is level. Drive the long pins into the ground through the limit holes of the bracket feet to maintain the level and position of the water platform. fixed. Assemble the sampler, insert the plug, apply vaseline on the inner wall of the lining tube, put it into the sampling cylinder, cover it with a hollow plastic plate, and connect and fix the sampling cylinder with the force transmission seat. Insert the sampler into the limit hole of the horizontal platform.

c. Press into the soil layer: Press the sampler into the soil slowly and steadily by applying force evenly with the handle. Pay attention to the uniform force on both sides. You can judge whether the sinking rate on both sides of the sampler is consistent by the scales on both sides of the sampling cylinder to ensure The sampler sinks slowly and evenly to the expected soil sampling depth.

d. When the sampler is pressed down, water and air will be discharged through the vent hole. As the sampler gradually enters the soil layer, the internal cavity of the sampler will gradually decrease, and the pressure generated in the cavity will also be released by the vent hole. When the lining pipe is filled with soil, the sample rod is taken up, which drives the steering seat and the piston to move upward together. The upper surface of the piston just fits closely with the upper wall of the inner cavity of the power transmission seat to close the exhaust hole. A vacuum is formed, and the negative pressure lifting effect is used to ensure that the soil samples in the sampler will not slip.

e. Pull out the sampler slowly and steadily by applying upward force on the handle. If the frictional resistance is too large, rotate the steering seat to drive the force transmission seat and the sampling cylinder to unscrew the sampler in a rotating manner. Try to ensure that the force is even, so that the sampler rises slowly and steadily until it is completely pulled out of the soil. .

f. Lay the sampler taken out flat, remove the sampling cylinder, first use a soil scraper to clean up the waste soil above the hollow plastic plate, and properly clean the waste soil under the plug, and be careful not to disturb the waste soil in the inner liner. Soil sample.

g. Soil sample separation: Pass the sampling cylinder through the support ring, screw it tightly to the fixed cylinder of the separation device, and pull out the plug. Shake the hand crank, and the screw drives the bulldozing blade to continuously advance to the inside of the sampling cylinder, and gradually push out the inner liner and the original sample in the inner liner from the necking section of the sampling cylinder. Since the inner liner is a half-open plexiglass tube, in order to prevent the inner liner from opening due to loss of restraint after it comes out of the sampling cylinder, it should be scraped along the bottom of the inner liner with a wire saw when the inner liner just emerges from the necking section. Remove the remaining soil so that the surface of the soil sample is flush with the bottom port of the lining pipe, and cover the lower cover of the lining pipe. . Since the lining pipe is a transparent plexiglass pipe, it can be observed whether the soft soil taken meets the requirements. If the soil sample in the lining pipe is uneven or there are a large number of missing soil samples, it should be taken again; if the soil sample in the lining pipe is uniform and intact, then Label the top and bottom of the liner and securely seal it.

h. Remove the remaining soil inside the sampling cylinder, take another inner liner, coat the inner wall with Vaseline, put it into the sampling cylinder, connect the sampling cylinder with the force transmission seat, and continue sampling.

i. When the sampling reaches the required quantity, disassemble the sampler and remove the baffle, the force transmission seat can be separated from the sampling rod, clean the force transmission seat and the inner cavity and outer wall of the sampling cylinder, dry them, and the screw of the sampling cylinder pin Apply oil to the holes and keep each device in a safe place.

Beneficial effects of the present invention: the portable shallow soft soil original sampling device provided by the present invention uses the piston and the baffle to form a vacuum in the inner cavity of the power transmission seat, and uses the negative pressure lifting effect of the inner cavity to prevent the soil sample from slipping, which solves the problem of the sampler. The problem that the soft soil sample slips along the wall of the cylinder when lifting. The synchronous rotation of the sampling cylinder and the sampling rod is realized by the embedded connection of the steering seat and the force transmission seat, which is convenient for taking soil. The integrated operation procedure of soil sample collection-soil sample separation-soil sample storage is realized through the inner liner and soil sample separator, which improves the efficiency of soil extraction. The inner liner is a transparent split plexiglass tube, which can be directly inserted It is more reliable and quicker to observe the soil sample to determine whether it meets the requirements than the metal pipe. The equipment is simple, easy to disassemble and easy to operate. The sampling method is safe and reliable, and the original structure of the soil is better maintained to ensure the quality of the soil samples. Conducive to promotion and application in the industry.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a portable shallow soft soil sampling device in its original state according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the sampler pressing down process.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the sampler lifting process.

Fig. 4 is a structural perspective view of the steering seat.

Fig. 5 is a structural perspective view of the baffle.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the contact relationship among the liner, the plug and the sampling cylinder.

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the connection between the steering seat and the force transmission seat.

Fig. 8 is a structural perspective view of the sampling cylinder.

Fig. 9 is a structural perspective view of the liner and the storage cap.

Fig. 10 is a top view of the structure of the horizontal platform and the support.

Fig. 11 is a structural perspective view of the separator.

detailed description

The specific implementation manner of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 11 , the portable shallow soft soil undisturbed sampling device of this embodiment includes a sampler, a positioner and a separator.

The sampler includes a handle 1 , a sampling rod 2 , a steering seat 3 , a force transmission seat 4 , a piston 5 , a baffle plate 6 and a sampling cylinder 7 . The upper end of the sampling rod 2 is provided with a handle 1, and the lower end of the sampling rod 2 is integrally welded with the steering seat 3 and the piston 5. The seat 3 is embedded in the slot 41 of the force transmission seat and can slide up and down along the slot 41 . The piston 5 is inserted into the force transmission seat 4 and is slidably connected with the force transmission seat 4 . The bottom end of the piston 5 is fixed with the baffle plate 6 through threaded connection. The four directions of the conical surface of the force transmission seat 4 are symmetrically provided with exhaust holes 42, which communicate with the inner cavity of the force transmission seat. The outlet of the exhaust hole 42 is correspondingly provided with a baffle 43 , which is hinged to the conical surface of the force transmission seat and can just cover the exhaust hole 42 . The bottom end of the force transmission seat 4 is connected and fixed with the sampling cylinder 7 through threads. The inside of the sampling cylinder 7 is a split liner 8 made of plexiglass. The liner 8 is close to the inner wall of the sampling cylinder 7 and passes through the hollow plastic plate 71 It is fixed with the latch 72 at the lower end, and the lower end of the sampling cylinder 7 is a necking section 73 .

Positioner comprises horizontal platform 9 and support 10, and the limit hole 92 of horizontal platform 9 is closely attached to the outer wall of sampling cylinder 7, and there is a horizontal one vertical two horizontal bubbles 91 on the horizontal platform panel, can determine whether horizontal platform is level. The triangular support 10 is connected with the horizontal platform 9 by positioning screw holes, and one end of the support 10 is provided with a foot piece 101, and the support and the support, the support and the ground pass through the foot piece 101 to be connected and fixed.

The separator includes a bottom plate 11 , a fixed cylinder 12 , a support ring 13 , a bulldozing blade 14 , a screw rod 15 and a crank handle 16 . One side of the base plate 11 is provided with a fixed cylinder 12, and one end of the fixed cylinder 12 is provided with threads, which can be fixedly connected with the sampling cylinder 7 by threads, and a threaded hole is arranged in the cylinder to ensure the screw rod 15 to be screwed in and retracted. The screw rod 15 passes through the fixed cylinder 12, and one end is fixedly connected with the bulldozing blade 14, and the other end is fixedly connected with the crank handle 16. A supporting ring 13 is provided on the other side of the bottom plate 11 for supporting the sampling cylinder 7 . Shake the hand crank 16 to screw the screw rod 15 in, and advance through the bulldozing blade 14 to release the inner liner 8 and the soil sample in the sampling cylinder 7 .

The steering seat 3 can be embedded in the draw-in groove 41 of the force transmission seat 4, the steering seat 3 can slide up and down in the draw-in groove 41, and the rotation of the steering seat 3 by the sampling rod 2 can drive the force transmission seat 4 and the sampling cylinder 7 to rotate, realizing Rotation of the sampler as a whole.

The exhaust hole stopper 43 is hinged with the conical surface of the force transmission seat 4, and the hinge point is at the upper part of the outlet of the exhaust hole 42, so that the stopper 43 can just cover the exhaust hole 42. When pressing down to take soil, due to the air pressure in the inner cavity, the baffle 43 will be pushed away, and the air will be drained and exhausted through the vent hole 42. When the sampler is lifted up, the baffle 43 will cover the vent hole 42 to prevent air from entering the force transmission seat 4 cavity.

The outer diameter of the hollow plastic plate 71 is the same as the inner diameter of the sampling cylinder 7, and the inner diameter of the hollow plastic plate 71 is smaller than the inner diameter of the inner lining pipe 8 and the inner diameter of the force transmission seat 4.

There are four pins 72 , which are evenly and symmetrically distributed around the circumference of the outer wall of the sampling cylinder 7 .

Both sides of the outer wall of the sampling cylinder 7 and the force transmission seat 4 are marked with scales, and the sampling depth can be calculated. The cutting edge angle of the necking section 73 at the bottom of the sampling cylinder 7 is 5° to 10°.

The inner liner 8 should be equipped with a sealing cover, which is divided into an upper cover (81) and a lower cover (82), so as to realize the sealing of soil samples.

As a preference, the inner liner 8 has a diameter of 70 mm and a height of 280 mm. For a triaxial sample of Φ39.1×80 mm, three samples can be formed at one time; for a triaxial sample of Φ61.8×125 mm, a sample can be formed at one time. 2.

The diameter of the bulldozing plate 14 of the separator is larger than the inner diameter of the hollow plastic plate 71 and smaller than the inner diameter of the sampling cylinder 7 and the fixed cylinder 12 . The inner diameter of the support ring 13 is the same as the outer diameter of the sampling cylinder 7 .

The sampling method of the portable shallow soft soil undisturbed sampling device comprises the following steps:

a. Site treatment: According to the requirements of the test research objects and geotechnical test samples, select a suitable site for sampling, select a position with flat terrain and uniform soil quality, remove surface miscellaneous soil, and level the exposed ground. If it is necessary to take soil samples with a slightly deeper burial depth, it is necessary to combine twist drills, Luoyang shovels, etc. to remove the overlying soil layer, and then level the exposed surface to make the exposed surface flat and easy to take soil.

b. Device preparation: Set up the positioner. When the air bubbles of the horizontal and vertical horizontal bubbles 91 are all in the middle of the liquid surface, it means that the horizontal platform 9 has been leveled. Drive the long pins into the ground through the limit holes of the bracket feet 101 to maintain the horizontal platform. 9 levels and positions fixed. Assemble the sampler, insert the pin 72, apply vaseline on the inner wall of the lining tube 8, put it into the sampling cylinder 7, cover the hollow plastic plate 71, and connect the sampling cylinder 7 to the force transmission seat 4 and fix it. The sampler is inserted into the limit hole 92 of the horizontal platform.

c. Pressing into the soil layer: Press the sampler into the soil slowly and steadily by applying force evenly with the handle 1. Pay attention to the uniform force on both sides. You can judge whether the sinking rate on both sides of the sampler is consistent by the scales on both sides of the sampling cylinder 7. , to ensure that the sampler sinks slowly and evenly to the expected soil depth.

d. During the downward pressure of the sampler, water and air will be discharged through the vent hole 42. As the sampler gradually enters the soil layer, the internal cavity of the sampler will gradually decrease, and the pressure generated in the cavity will also be released by the vent hole 42. . After the lining pipe 8 is filled with soil, the sample rod 2 is extracted, and the steering seat 3 and the piston 5 are driven to move upward together. The upper surface of the piston 5 just fits closely with the upper wall of the force transmission seat 4 inner cavity, and closes the exhaust hole 42. At the same time, the baffle plate 43 on the outer surface of the force transmission seat 4 covers the exhaust hole 42, which also plays the role of isolating the air, thereby A vacuum is formed in the inner cavity of the force transmission seat 4, and the negative pressure lifting effect is used to ensure that the soil samples in the sampler will not slip.

e. Pull out the sampler slowly and steadily by applying upward force on the handle 1. If the frictional resistance is too large, rotate the steering seat 3 to drive the force transmission seat 4 and the sampling cylinder 7 to unscrew the sampler in a rotating manner. Try to ensure that the force is even, so that the sampler rises slowly and steadily until it is completely removed from the soil. out.

f. Lay the taken out sampler flat, remove the sampling cylinder 7, first use a soil scraper to clean up the waste soil above the hollow plastic plate 71, and properly clean the waste soil under the plug 72, and be careful not to disturb the lining Soil sample in tube 8.

g. Separation of soil samples: Pass the sampling cylinder 7 through the support ring 13, screw it on the fixed cylinder 12 of the separator, and pull out the plug 72. Shake the crank handle 16, and the screw rod 15 drives the bulldozing blade 14 to continuously advance to the inside of the sampling cylinder 7, and the inner liner 8 and the original sample in the inner liner are gradually released from the necking section 73 of the sampling cylinder 7. Since the inner liner 8 is a half-open plexiglass tube, in order to prevent the inner liner 8 from opening due to loss of restraint after it comes out of the sampling cylinder 7, when the inner liner 8 just emerges from the necking section 73, cut the inner liner 8 along the inner liner with a wire saw. Scrape off the remaining soil at the bottom of the liner 8 so that the surface of the soil sample is flush with the port at the bottom of the liner 8, cover the lower cover 82 of the liner, and scrape off the top of the liner 8 when the liner 8 is completely removed Surplus soil, add a cover 81 on the lining pipe. Since the inner liner 8 is a transparent plexiglass tube, it can be observed whether the soft soil taken meets the requirements. If the soil sample in the inner liner 8 is uneven or has a large amount of missing soil, it should be taken again; if the soil in the inner liner 8 If the sample is even and intact, label the top and bottom of the liner pipe 8 and properly seal it up.

h. Remove the residual soil inside the sampling cylinder 7, take another inner liner, coat the inner wall with vaseline, put it into the sampling cylinder 7, connect the sampling cylinder 7 with the force transmission seat 4, and continue sampling.

i. After the sampling reaches the required quantity, disassemble the sampler and pull down the baffle plate 6, the force transmission seat 4 can be separated from the sampling rod 2, clean the inner cavity and the outer wall of the force transmission seat 4 and the sampling cylinder 7, and dry them. Oil the screw hole of the sampling cylinder plug 72, and keep each device properly.

The sampling depth of the soil sample is determined as follows, and the thickness h ₀ of the removed surface soil is measured. The outer wall of the sampler is marked with a scale, and the position of the outer wall of the sampling cylinder 7 corresponding to the bottom end of the inner lining pipe 8 is marked with a zero scale line, and the scale value gradually increases along the outer wall. When the soil entry position exceeds the upper edge of the sampling cylinder 7, it is considered that the lining pipe 8 is filled with samples. The position h ₁ of the scale line is measured at this time, and the height of the lining pipe 8 is known to be h ₂ . Then the burial depth of the soil samples taken is [h ₀ +h ₁ -h ₂ , h ₀ +h ₁ ].

To sum up, the portable shallow soft soil undisturbed sampling device provided by the present invention uses the piston and the baffle to form a vacuum in the inner cavity of the power transmission seat, and uses the negative pressure lifting effect of the inner cavity to prevent the soil sample from slipping, which solves the problem of the sampler on the sampler. To solve the problem of slippage of soft soil samples along the wall of the cylinder. The synchronous rotation of the sampling cylinder and the sampling rod is realized by the embedded connection of the steering seat and the force transmission seat, which is convenient for taking soil. The integrated operation procedure of soil sample collection-soil sample separation-soil sample storage is realized through the inner liner and soil sample separation device, which improves the efficiency of soil extraction. The inner liner is a transparent plexiglass tube, which can be directly inserted It is more reliable and quicker to observe the soil sample to determine whether it meets the requirements than the metal pipe. The equipment is simple, easy to disassemble and easy to operate. The sampling method is safe and reliable, and the original structure of the soil is better maintained to ensure the quality of the soil samples. Conducive to promotion and application in the industry.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of portable shallow layer soft soil original state sampling device, it is characterised in that：Including sampler, locator and separator.

Sampler includes handle (1), thief rod (2), steering base (3), force-transmitting seat (4), piston (5), baffle plate (6) and sampler barrel (7), thief rod (2) upper end is provided with handle (1), the integrated welding of thief rod (2) lower end and steering base (3), piston (5), turns It is force-transmitting seat (4) to seat (3) lower end, force-transmitting seat (4) top is provided with draw-in groove (41) and piston hole (44), and steering base (3) is embedded Force-transmitting seat draw-in groove (41) can simultaneously be slided up and down along draw-in groove (41), and piston (5) is inserted in force-transmitting seat (4) and slided with force-transmitting seat (4) Connection；Piston (5) bottom is connected through a screw thread fixation with baffle plate (6)；The four direction of force-transmitting seat (4) conical surface is symmetrically arranged with row Stomata (42), steam vent (42) and the insertion of force-transmitting seat inner chamber；The exit of steam vent (42) is correspondingly arranged catch (43), catch (43) it is hinged and steam vent (42) can be covered with the force-transmitting seat conical surface；Force-transmitting seat (4) bottom is connected solid with sampler barrel (7) by screw thread It is fixed, it is the split internal lining pipe (8) that lucite is made in sampler barrel (7), internal lining pipe (8) is close to sampler barrel (7) inwall, by upper The hollow plastic sheet (71) at end and the latch (72) of lower end are fixed, and sampler barrel (7) lower end is necking section (73)；

Locator includes horizontal stand (9) and support (10), and spacing hole (92) and sampler barrel (7) outer wall of horizontal stand (9) are closely pasted Close, there is one horizontal one to indulge two spirit bubbles (91) on horizontal stand (9) panel, spirit bubble (91) determine horizontal stand whether level；Support (10) it is connected by positioning screw hole with horizontal stand (9), support (10) one end sets pin piece (101), support (10) and support (10), Support (10) is connected by long pin between frame and ground through pin piece (101)；

Separator includes base plate (11), fixed cylinder (12), support ring (13), ejector dozer (14), screw rod (15) and wind (16)； The side of base plate (11) sets fixed cylinder (12), and fixed cylinder (12) one end is threaded, can be threadably secured with sampler barrel (7) Duct is threaded in connection, fixed cylinder (12), precession and the retraction of screw rod (15) is can ensure that；Screw rod (15) is through fixed cylinder (12), screw rod (15) one end is fixedly connected with ejector dozer (14), and screw rod (15) other end is fixedly connected with wind (16)；Base plate (11) opposite side sets support ring (13), for supporting sampler barrel (7)；Shake wind (16) makes screw rod (15) precession, leads to Cross internal lining pipe (8) and soil sample that ejector dozer (14) advance can be released in sampler barrel (7).

2. portable shallow layer soft soil original state sampling device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The steering base (3) In the draw-in groove (41) of the embedded force-transmitting seat (4) of energy, steering base (3) can be slided up and down in draw-in groove (41), be rotated by thief rod (2) Steering base (3) can drive force-transmitting seat (4) and sampler barrel (7) to rotate, and realize the overall rotation of sampler.

3. portable shallow layer soft soil original state sampling device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The catch (43) with Force-transmitting seat (4) conical surface is hinged, and hinge exports top in steam vent (42) so that catch (43) can cover steam vent (42)；Push When fetching earth, because the air pressure of inner chamber can hold catch (43) top, by steam vent (42) drainage exhaust, carried on sampler When, catch (43) covers steam vent (42), it is to avoid air enters force-transmitting seat (4) inner chamber.

4. portable shallow layer soft soil original state sampling device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The hollow plastic sheet (71) external diameter is identical with sampler barrel (7) internal diameter, and hollow plastic sheet (71) internal diameter is less than in internal lining pipe (8) internal diameter and force-transmitting seat (4) Footpath.

5. portable shallow layer soft soil original state sampling device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The latch (72) is Four, around sampler barrel (7), outer wall even circumferential is symmetrical.

6. portable shallow layer soft soil original state sampling device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The sampler barrel (7) Scale is respectively marked with force-transmitting seat (4) outer wall both sides, depth selection can be calculated.The cutting edge angle of sampler barrel (7) bottom necking section (73) Spend is 5~10 °.

7. portable shallow layer soft soil original state sampling device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The internal lining pipe (8) Equipped with lid is sealed up for safekeeping, sealing lid up for safekeeping includes lid (81) and lower cover (82), to realize the encapsulation of soil sample.

8. portable shallow layer soft soil original state sampling device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The separator is pushed away Native plate (14) with diameter greater than hollow plastic sheet (71) internal diameter, less than sampler barrel (7) and fixed cylinder (12) internal diameter；In support ring (13) Footpath is identical with sampler barrel (7) external diameter.

9. the sampling method of portable shallow layer soft soil original state sampling device described in claim 1, comprises the following steps：

A. place treatment：According to experimental study object and the requirement of soil test sample, choose suitable area and be sampled, choose ground Gesture is flat, uniform soil quality position, the miscellaneous soil of desurfacing, smooth exposure ground.The slightly deep soil sample of buried depth need to be such as taken, then needs to combine fiber crops Flower brills, Luoyang Spade etc. are removed and go up overburden layer, then it is smooth go out to show up, it is flat to use physical features of showing up, and conveniently fetches earth；

B. device prepares：Locator is set up, when the air bubble of transverse and longitudinal spirit bubble is respectively positioned on liquid level to be hit exactly, illustrates horizontal stand Level, long pin is driven underground by stent foot piece spacing hole, keeps horizontal stand level and position to fix, and assembles sampler, Insertion latch, vaseline is smeared by liner inside pipe wall, loads sampler barrel, and overlying hollow plastic sheet connects sampler barrel and force-transmitting seat Fixation is connect, sampler is inserted into horizontal stand spacing hole；

C. it is pressed into soil layer：Uniformly exerted a force by handle, sampler is slowly and steadily pressed into the soil body, it should be noted that both sides force is equal It is even, can judge whether fall rate is consistent for sampler both sides by the scale of sampler barrel both sides, it is ensured that sampler slowly uniformly sinks To the expected depth that fetches earth；

D. water is had during sampler is pushed gentle by steam vent discharge, as sampler steps into soil layer, sampler Internal cavities are gradually decreased, and the pressure produced in cavity is also discharged by steam vent, after the soil body is full of in internal lining pipe, upper extraction sample Bar, drives steering base and piston to move upwards simultaneously, and piston upper surface is brought into close contact with force-transmitting seat inner chamber upper wall just, closing row Stomata, while the catch covering steam vent of force-transmitting seat outer surface, also functions to completely cut off the effect of air, so as in force-transmitting seat inner chamber shape Into vacuum, ensure that the soil sample in sampler does not fall off using negative pressure castering action；

E. exerted a force upwards by handle, sampler is slowly steadily extracted.If frictional resistance is excessive, by steering base rotating band Dynamic force-transmitting seat and sampler barrel, in rotary manner screw out sampler, and should try one's best guarantee uniform force application, make sampler slowly steady Rising, until completely from soil extract；

F. the sampler of taking-up is kept flat, pulls down sampler barrel, the roach on hollow plastic sheet is cleared up dry with scraper first Only, the roach under latch is suitably cleared up, is careful not to disturb the soil sample in internal lining pipe；

G. soil sample is separated：Sampler barrel is passed through into support ring, is screwed and is connected in the fixed cylinder of separator, take out latch, shake hand Rocking handle, screw rod drives ejector dozer constantly to advance to inside sampler barrel, by the undisturbed in internal lining pipe and internal lining pipe gradually from sampling The necking section of cylinder is released, because internal lining pipe is half-open lucite tube, in order to prevent internal lining pipe after sampler barrel is deviate from because losing Constraint open, should internal lining pipe just from necking section exposure when, remaining soil is scraped off along internal lining pipe bottom with fret saw so that soil sample face with Internal lining pipe bottom port is concordant, adds a cover internal lining pipe lower cover, after internal lining pipe is completely out, scrapes off soil more than internal lining pipe top, adds a cover Covered on internal lining pipe, because internal lining pipe is that, transparent with machine glass tube, can observe whether taken weak soil meets the requirements, if liner Soil sample soil property is uneven in pipe or has a large amount of missings, then should refetch；If soil sample is uniformly intact in internal lining pipe, by internal lining pipe top Label is posted with bottom, is properly sealed up for safekeeping；

H. the remaining soil in sampler barrel inside is removed, internal lining pipe is separately taken, inwall applies vaseline, loads sampler barrel, by sampler barrel and force-transmitting seat It is connected, continues to sample；

I. after sampling reaches requirement, sampler is dismantled, after pulling down baffle plate, force-transmitting seat can be separated with thief rod, cleaning is passed Inner chamber and the outer wall of power seat and sampler barrel, dry, and oiling at the screw of sampler barrel latch properly preserves each device.