CN106769177A - Portable shallow layer soft soil original state sampling device and sampling method - Google Patents
Portable shallow layer soft soil original state sampling device and sampling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106769177A CN106769177A CN201611054745.1A CN201611054745A CN106769177A CN 106769177 A CN106769177 A CN 106769177A CN 201611054745 A CN201611054745 A CN 201611054745A CN 106769177 A CN106769177 A CN 106769177A
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- Prior art keywords
- sampler
- force
- soil
- lining pipe
- sampler barrel
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
- G01N1/08—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting involving an extracting tool, e.g. core bit
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of portable shallow layer soft soil original state sampling device and sampling method.Easily slid along sampler inwall in sampling for high-moisture percentage weak soil；Soil column is easily disturbed in finishing, separation and last handling process；The problems such as sampler inner chamber is difficult to cleaning, proposes a solution.The sampler includes sampler, locator and separator.Smoothly sampling is realized by thief rod, steering base, force-transmitting seat and sampler barrel, negative pressure is produced in force-transmitting seat inner chamber using piston and baffle plate, prevent soil sample from sliding.The finishing of earth pillar is realized by split internal lining pipe and separator, is separated and is encapsulated.Method scheme：The miscellaneous soil of skim-coat is removed, sampler is assembled, sampler is pressed into certain depth；Then lift thief rod, close force-transmitting seat inner chamber；Sampler is screwed out, sampler barrel is pulled down, internal lining pipe is released with separator, encapsulation is added a cover.Present apparatus simple structure, easy to operate, sampling disturbance is small, efficiency high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sampler and sampling method, especially a kind of portable shallow layer soft soil original state sampling device
And sampling method.Category Geotechnical Engineering field, it is adaptable to which geotechnical engineering investigation top layer and shallow-layer original state fetch earth, and are also applied for geotechnological examination
Test and the sampling of scientific research shallow-layer undisturbed soil.
Background technology
Undisturbed soil sampling is the basic content of geotechnical engineering investigation and scientific research.Undisturbed soil is due to its distinctive structure
Property and physico-mechanical properties, the important document as the subject scientific research such as soil science, soil mechanics, engineering geology, agrology.
Just because of its unique complicated engineering mechanics property, will as far as possible reduce disturbance, it is ensured that its is natural in the sampling process of undisturbed soil
Structure is not damaged, how it is quick and it is undisturbed take undisturbed, be to ensure that engineering geological survey and scientific experimentation research are accurate
The premise of true property and reliability.
Recent deposit weak soil, because of the mechanical property and cause calamity higher of its Special complex, with very important science
Meaning and practical value.But because its high-moisture percentage, macrovoid ratio, high-compressibility, sensitivity are high, easily disturbed in sampling process
It is dynamic；Weak soil in stream modeling and soft-plastic state easily slides during fetching earth along sampler inwall；And soil sample with sampler
Separation and soil sample are easily disturbed during sealing up for safekeeping.Thus need a kind of sampler of high-efficient simple, a set of support sampling badly
Device and the fast and reliable sampling method that is formed, solve the problems, such as that the sampling of shallow layer soft soil undisturbed is difficult.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, hold in sampling for current high-moisture percentage shallow layer soft soil
Easily slid along sampler inwall；Soil column is easily disturbed during finishing, separation；Sampler inner chamber is difficult to clear up etc. asks
Topic, proposes a solution.Ensure that sampler is left when fetching earth face, soil sample will not be fallen because of water content characteristic high from sampler
Go out.Reduce soil sample gathering, separate and the process of sealing up for safekeeping is subject to disturbs.The device simple structure, easy to operate, method is simple,
It is easy to grasp.Realize sample-sample separation-sample and seal integration up for safekeeping, have broad application prospects.
To realize above-mentioned technical purpose, the present invention uses following technical scheme.
Portable shallow layer soft soil original state sampling device, mainly including sampler, locator and separator.
Sampler includes handle, thief rod, steering base, force-transmitting seat, piston, baffle plate and sampler barrel.Thief rod upper end is set
Handle, the integrated welding of thief rod lower end and steering base, piston, steering base lower end is force-transmitting seat, and force-transmitting seat top sets draw-in groove
And piston hole, steering base insertion force-transmitting seat draw-in groove and can slide up and down along draw-in groove, in piston insertion force-transmitting seat and with force-transmitting seat cunning
Dynamic connection.Piston bottom end is connected through a screw thread fixation with baffle plate.The four direction of the force-transmitting seat conical surface is symmetrically arranged with steam vent, with
The insertion of force-transmitting seat inner chamber.The exit of steam vent is correspondingly arranged catch, and catch is hinged with the force-transmitting seat conical surface and just can the row of covering
Stomata.Force-transmitting seat bottom is connected by screw thread with sampler barrel, is the split internal lining pipe that lucite is made in sampler barrel, interior
Bushing pipe is close to sampler barrel inwall, is fixed by the hollow plastic sheet of upper end and the latch of lower end, and sampler barrel lower end is necking section.
Locator includes horizontal stand and support, and spacing hole and the sampling drum outer wall of horizontal stand are brought into close contact, horizontal stand panel
On there is one horizontal one to indulge two spirit bubbles, it may be determined that horizontal stand whether level.Triangular supports pass through positioning screw hole with horizontal stand
Connection, support one end sets pin piece, is connected through pin piece by long pin between support and support, support and ground.
Separator includes base plate, fixed cylinder, support ring, ejector dozer, screw rod and wind.The side of base plate is set to be fixed
Cylinder, fixed cylinder one end is threaded, can be threadably secured with sampler barrel and be connected, and duct is threaded in cylinder, it can be ensured that spiral shell
The precession of bar and retraction.Screw rod passes through fixed cylinder, and one end is fixedly connected with ejector dozer, and the other end is fixedly connected with wind.Bottom
The opposite side of plate sets support ring, for supporting sampler barrel.Shake wind makes screw rod precession, and being advanced by ejector dozer to push away
The internal lining pipe and soil sample gone out in sampler barrel.
The steering base can be embedded in the draw-in groove of force-transmitting seat, and steering base can be slided up and down in draw-in groove, by sampling
Bar rotation steering base can drive force-transmitting seat and sampler barrel to rotate, and realize the overall rotation of sampler.
The steam vent catch is hinged with the force-transmitting seat conical surface, and hinge is on exhaust hole exits top so that catch can cover just
Lid steam vent.Pushing air pressure when fetching earth due to inner chamber can hold catch top, by steam vent drainage exhaust, on sampler
Catch covering steam vent when carrying, it is to avoid air enters force-transmitting seat inner chamber.
The hollow plastic sheet external diameter is identical with sampler barrel internal diameter, and hollow plastic sheet internal diameter is less than liner bore and power transmission
Seat internal diameter.
The latch is four, symmetrical around sampling drum outer wall even circumferential.
The sampler barrel and force-transmitting seat outer wall both sides are respectively marked with scale, can calculate depth selection.The necking of sampler barrel bottom
The blade angle of section is 5~10 °.
The internal lining pipe should be divided into lid (81) and lower cover (82), to realize the encapsulation of soil sample equipped with lid is sealed up for safekeeping.
Preferably, a diameter of 70mm of the internal lining pipe, height 280mm, the three axle samples for 39.1 × 80mm of Φ
Can once into 3, sample；Three axle samples for 61.8 × 125mm of Φ can once into 2, sample.
The ejector dozer of the separator with diameter greater than hollow plastic sheet internal diameter, less than sampler barrel and fixed cylinder internal diameter.Support
Ring internal diameter is identical with sampler barrel external diameter.
The sampling method that portable shallow layer soft soil original state sampling device is realized, comprises the following steps：
A. place treatment：According to experimental study object and the requirement of soil test sample, choose suitable area and be sampled, select
Take that physical features is flat, uniform soil quality position, the miscellaneous soil of desurfacing, smooth exposure ground.The slightly deep soil sample of buried depth need to be such as taken, then needs knot
Close fluted drill, Luoyang Spade etc. and remove upper overburden layer, then it is smooth go out to show up, it is flat to use physical features of showing up, and conveniently fetches earth.
B. device prepares：Locator is set up, when the air bubble of transverse and longitudinal spirit bubble is respectively positioned on liquid level to be hit exactly, horizontal stand is illustrated
Level, long pin is driven underground by stent foot piece spacing hole, keeps horizontal stand level and position to fix.Assembling sampling
Device, inserts latch, and liner inside pipe wall is smeared into vaseline, loads sampler barrel, overlying hollow plastic sheet, by sampler barrel and force-transmitting seat
It is connected.Sampler is inserted into horizontal stand spacing hole.
C. it is pressed into soil layer：Uniformly exerted a force by handle, sampler is slowly and steadily pressed into the soil body, it should be noted that both sides exert a force
Uniformly, can judge whether fall rate is consistent for sampler both sides by the scale of sampler barrel both sides, it is ensured that under sampler is slow uniform
It is sink to the expected depth that fetches earth.
D. water is had during sampler is pushed gentle by steam vent discharge, as sampler steps into soil layer, is taken
Sample device internal cavities are gradually decreased, and the pressure produced in cavity is also discharged by steam vent.After the soil body is full of in internal lining pipe, above carry
Thief rod, drives steering base and piston to move upwards simultaneously.Piston upper surface is brought into close contact with force-transmitting seat inner chamber upper wall just, envelope
Steam vent is closed, while the catch covering steam vent of force-transmitting seat outer surface, also functions to completely cut off the effect of air, so as in force-transmitting seat
Chamber forms vacuum, ensures that the soil sample in sampler does not fall off using negative pressure castering action.
E. exerted a force upwards by handle, sampler is slowly steadily extracted.If frictional resistance is excessive, revolved by steering base
Turn to drive force-transmitting seat and sampler barrel, in rotary manner screw out sampler, should try one's best guarantee uniform force application, make sampler slow
Smoothly rise, until being extracted from soil completely.
F. the sampler of taking-up is kept flat, pulls down sampler barrel, it is with scraper that the roach on hollow plastic sheet is clear first
Reason is clean, and the roach under latch is suitably cleared up, and is careful not to disturb the soil sample in internal lining pipe.
G. soil sample is separated：Sampler barrel is passed through into support ring, is screwed and is connected in the fixed cylinder of separator, take out latch.
Shake wind, screw rod drives ejector dozer constantly to advance to inside sampler barrel, by the undisturbed in internal lining pipe and internal lining pipe gradually
Released from the necking section of sampler barrel.Due to internal lining pipe be half-open lucite tube, in order to prevent internal lining pipe deviate from sampler barrel after
Opened because losing constraint, remaining soil should be scraped off along internal lining pipe bottom with fret saw so that soil in the firm section exposure from necking of internal lining pipe
Sample face is concordant with internal lining pipe bottom port, adds a cover internal lining pipe lower cover, after internal lining pipe is completely out, scrapes off more than internal lining pipe top
Soil, adds a cover and covered on internal lining pipe.Because internal lining pipe is that, transparent with machine glass tube, can observe whether taken weak soil meets the requirements,
If soil sample soil property is uneven in internal lining pipe or there are a large amount of missings, should refetch；If soil sample is uniformly intact in internal lining pipe, will be interior
TOL and bottom post label, properly seal up for safekeeping.
H. soil more than sampler barrel inside is removed, internal lining pipe is separately taken, inwall applies vaseline, loads sampler barrel, by sampler barrel and biography
Power seat is connected, and continues to sample.
I. after sampling reaches requirement, sampler is dismantled, after pulling down baffle plate, force-transmitting seat can be separated with thief rod, clearly
Inner chamber and the outer wall of force-transmitting seat and sampler barrel are washed, is dried, oiling at the screw of sampler barrel latch properly preserves each device.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：The portable shallow layer soft soil original state sampling device that the present invention is provided, using piston and gear
Plate forms vacuum in force-transmitting seat inner chamber, prevents soil sample from sliding using the negative pressure castering action of inner chamber, when solving sampler and above carrying
The problem that weak soil soil sample is slipped along barrel.It is synchronous with thief rod sampler barrel to be realized using steering base and the embedded connection of force-transmitting seat
Rotation, conveniently fetches earth.Soil sample collection-soil sample is realized by internal lining pipe and soil sample separator and separates-the one sealed up for safekeeping of soil sample
Change operation sequence, improve soil extracting efficiency, internal lining pipe is transparent split lucite tube, and directly its interior soil sample can be seen
Survey, determine if to meet the requirements, it is relatively reliable quick compared with metal tube.Equipment is simple, and convenient dismounting, operation is easy.Take
Quadrat method is safe and reliable, preferably maintains soil body original state structure, it is ensured that quality of soil sample.Beneficial to popularization and application in industry.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the portable shallow layer soft soil original state sampling equipments overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that sampler pushes procedure structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is that sampler above carries procedure structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is the structural perspective of steering base.
Fig. 5 is the structural perspective of baffle plate.
Fig. 6 is the contact relation schematic diagram of internal lining pipe, latch and sampler barrel.
Fig. 7 is that steering base is connected stereogram with power transmission holder structure.
Fig. 8 is the structural perspective of sampler barrel.
Fig. 9 is internal lining pipe and seals the structural perspective of lid up for safekeeping.
Figure 10 is the structure top view of horizontal stand and support.
Figure 11 is the structural perspective of separator.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, specific embodiment of the invention is illustrated.
As shown in Fig. 1~Figure 11, the portable shallow layer soft soil original state sampling device of the present embodiment includes sampler, locator
And separator.
Sampler includes handle 1, thief rod 2, steering base 3, force-transmitting seat 4, piston 5, baffle plate 6 and sampler barrel 7.Thief rod 2
Upper end is provided with handle 1, the integrated welding of the lower end of thief rod 2 and steering base 3, piston 5, and the lower end of steering base 3 is force-transmitting seat 4, is passed
The top of power seat 4 is provided with draw-in groove 41 and piston hole 44, and the insertion force-transmitting seat of steering base 3 draw-in groove 41 can simultaneously be slided up and down along draw-in groove 41,
It is slidably connected in the insertion force-transmitting seat 4 of piston 5 and with force-transmitting seat 4.The bottom of piston 5 is connected through a screw thread fixation with baffle plate 6.Force-transmitting seat
The four direction of 4 conical surfaces is symmetrically arranged with steam vent 42, with the insertion of force-transmitting seat inner chamber.The exit of steam vent 42 is correspondingly arranged gear
Piece 43, catch 43 is hinged and can cover steam vent 42 just with the force-transmitting seat conical surface.The bottom of force-transmitting seat 4 is by screw thread and sampler barrel 7
It is connected, is the split internal lining pipe 8 that lucite is made in sampler barrel 7, internal lining pipe 8 is close to the inwall of sampler barrel 7, by upper end
Hollow plastic sheet 71 and the latch 72 of lower end fix, the lower end of sampler barrel 7 is necking section 73.
Locator includes horizontal stand 9 and support 10, and spacing hole 92 and the outer wall of sampler barrel 7 of horizontal stand 9 are brought into close contact, level
There is one horizontal one to indulge two spirit bubbles 91 on deck plate, it may be determined that horizontal stand whether level.Triangular supports 10 are led to horizontal stand 9
Positioning screw hole connection is crossed, the one end of support 10 is set pin piece 101, passed through by long pin between support and support, support and ground
Pin piece 101 is connected.
Separator includes base plate 11, fixed cylinder 12, support ring 13, ejector dozer 14, screw rod 15 and wind 16.Base plate 11
Side sets fixed cylinder 12, and the one end of fixed cylinder 12 is threaded, can be threadably secured with sampler barrel 7 and be connected, and spiral shell is set in cylinder
Canal, it can be ensured that the precession of screw rod 15 and retraction.Screw rod 15 passes through fixed cylinder 12, and one end is fixedly connected with ejector dozer 14,
The other end is fixedly connected with wind 16.The opposite side of base plate 11 sets support ring 13, for supporting sampler barrel 7.Shake is hand
Handle 16 makes the precession of screw rod 15, and internal lining pipe 8 and soil sample in sampler barrel 7 are released by advancing by ejector dozer 14.
The steering base 3 can be embedded in the draw-in groove 41 of force-transmitting seat 4, and steering base 3 can be slided up and down in draw-in groove 41, be led to
The rotation steering base 3 of over sampling bar 2 can drive force-transmitting seat 4 and sampler barrel 7 to rotate, and realize the overall rotation of sampler.
The steam vent catch 43 is hinged with the conical surface of force-transmitting seat 4, and hinge exports top in steam vent 42 so that catch 43 is proper
Steam vent 42 can be covered well.Pushing air pressure when fetching earth due to inner chamber can hold the top of catch 43, by the draining of steam vent 42
Exhaust, the covering of catch 43 steam vent 42 when being carried on sampler, it is to avoid air enters the inner chamber of force-transmitting seat 4.
The external diameter of the hollow plastic sheet 71 is identical with the internal diameter of sampler barrel 7, and the internal diameter of hollow plastic sheet 71 is less than the internal diameter of internal lining pipe 8
With the internal diameter of force-transmitting seat 4.
The latch 72 is four, symmetrical around the outer wall even circumferential of sampler barrel 7.
The sampler barrel 7 and the outer wall both sides of force-transmitting seat 4 are respectively marked with scale, can calculate depth selection.Contract the bottom of sampler barrel 7
The blade angle of mouth section 73 is 5~10 °.
The internal lining pipe 8 should be divided into lid (81) and lower cover (82), to realize the encapsulation of soil sample equipped with lid is sealed up for safekeeping.
Preferably, a diameter of 70mm of the internal lining pipe 8, height 280mm, the three axle samples for 39.1 × 80mm of Φ
Can once into 3, sample；Three axle samples for 61.8 × 125mm of Φ can once into 2, sample.
The ejector dozer 14 of the separator with diameter greater than the internal diameter of hollow plastic sheet 71, less than in sampler barrel 7 and fixed cylinder 12
Footpath.The internal diameter of support ring 13 is identical with the external diameter of sampler barrel 7.
The sampling method of portable shallow layer soft soil original state sampling device, comprises the following steps：
A. place treatment：According to experimental study object and the requirement of soil test sample, choose suitable area and be sampled, select
Take that physical features is flat, uniform soil quality position, the miscellaneous soil of desurfacing, smooth exposure ground.The slightly deep soil sample of buried depth need to be such as taken, then needs knot
Close fluted drill, Luoyang Spade etc. and remove upper overburden layer, then it is smooth go out to show up, it is flat to use physical features of showing up, and conveniently fetches earth.
B. device prepares：Locator is set up, when the air bubble of transverse and longitudinal spirit bubble 91 is respectively positioned on liquid level to be hit exactly, level is illustrated
The level of platform 9, long pin is driven underground by the spacing hole of stent foot piece 101, keeps the level of horizontal stand 9 and position to fix.
Assembling sampler, inserts latch 72, and the inwall of internal lining pipe 8 is smeared into vaseline, loads sampler barrel 7, and overlying hollow plastic sheet 71 will
Sampler barrel 7 is connected with force-transmitting seat 4.By sampler insertion horizontal stand spacing hole 92.
C. it is pressed into soil layer：Uniformly exerted a force by handle 1, sampler is slowly and steadily pressed into the soil body, it should be noted that apply both sides
Power is uniform, can judge whether fall rate is consistent for sampler both sides by the scale of the both sides of sampler barrel 7, it is ensured that sampler is slowly uniform
Sink down into the expected depth that fetches earth.
D. have water and air during sampler is pushed to be discharged by steam vent 42, as sampler steps into soil
Layer, sampler internal cavities are gradually decreased, and the pressure produced in cavity is also discharged by steam vent 42.When internal lining pipe 8 is interior full of soil
After body, thief rod 2 is above carried, drive the motion upwards simultaneously of steering base 3 and piston 5.The upper surface of piston 5 just with the inner chamber of force-transmitting seat 4
Upper wall is brought into close contact, closed grate hole 42, while the covering steam vent 42 of catch 43 of the outer surface of force-transmitting seat 4, also functions to isolation empty
The effect of gas, so as to form vacuum in the inner chamber of force-transmitting seat 4, ensures that the soil sample in sampler will not be slided using negative pressure castering action
Fall.
E. exerted a force upwards by handle 1, sampler is slowly steadily extracted.If frictional resistance is excessive, by steering base 3
Force-transmitting seat 4 and sampler barrel 7 are rotarily driven, in rotary manner sampler is screwed out, should try one's best guarantee uniform force application, make sampler
Slowly and steadily rise, until being extracted from soil completely.
F. the sampler of taking-up is kept flat, pulls down sampler barrel 7, first with scraper by the roach on hollow plastic sheet 71
Clean out, the roach under latch 72 is suitably cleared up, be careful not to disturb the soil sample in internal lining pipe 8.
G. soil sample is separated：Sampler barrel 7 is passed through into support ring 13, is screwed and is connected in the fixed cylinder 12 of separator, taken out slotting
Pin 72.Shake wind 16, screw rod 15 drives ejector dozer 14 constantly to advance to inside sampler barrel 7, by internal lining pipe 8 and internal lining pipe
Undisturbed gradually released from the necking of sampler barrel 7 section 73.Because internal lining pipe 8 is half-open lucite tube, in order to prevent liner
Pipe 8 is opened after sampler barrel 7 is deviate from because losing constraint, should be in firm 73 exposure of section from necking of internal lining pipe 8, with fret saw along liner
The bottom of pipe 8 scrapes off remaining soil so that soil sample face is concordant with the bottom port of internal lining pipe 8, adds a cover internal lining pipe lower cover 82, when internal lining pipe 8 is complete
After full abjection, soil more than the top of internal lining pipe 8 is scraped off, add a cover lid 81 on internal lining pipe.Due to internal lining pipe 8 be transparent with machine glass tube,
Can observe whether taken weak soil meets the requirements, if soil sample soil property is uneven in internal lining pipe 8 or there are a large amount of missings, should refetch；
If soil sample is uniformly intact in internal lining pipe 8, the top and bottom of internal lining pipe 8 are posted into label, properly sealed up for safekeeping.
H. remove the remaining soil in the inside of sampler barrel 7, separately take internal lining pipe, inwall applies vaseline, loads sampler barrel 7, by sampler barrel 7 with
Force-transmitting seat 4 is connected, and continues to sample.
I. after sampling reaches requirement, sampler is dismantled, after pulling down baffle plate 6, force-transmitting seat 4 can be separated with thief rod 2,
Inner chamber and the outer wall of cleaning force-transmitting seat 4 and sampler barrel 7, are dried, and each device is properly protected in oiling at the screw of sampler barrel latch 72
Deposit.
The depth selection of soil sample determines as follows, measures the miscellaneous soil thickness h in the top layer being eliminated0.Outside sampler
Wall is marked with scale, and zero groove is indicated in the outer wall position of sampler barrel 7 corresponding to the bottom of internal lining pipe 8, and scale value along outer wall to
On gradually increase.Exceed edge on sampler barrel 7 when native position is entered, it is believed that fills sample in internal lining pipe 8, measure now graduation mark position
h1, it is known that the height of internal lining pipe 8 is h2.Then soil sample buried depth is [h0+h1-h2, h0+h1]。
In sum, the portable shallow layer soft soil original state sampling device that the present invention is provided, using piston and baffle plate in power transmission
Seat inner chamber forms vacuum, prevents soil sample from sliding using the negative pressure castering action of inner chamber, solves weak soil soil sample when sampler above puies forward
Along the problem that barrel is slipped.It is connected with the insertion of force-transmitting seat using steering base and realizes sampler barrel and thief rod synchronous rotary, side
Just fetch earth.By internal lining pipe and soil sample separator realize soil sample collection-soil sample separate-soil sample seal up for safekeeping integration operation
Program, improves soil extracting efficiency, and internal lining pipe is transparent split lucite tube, directly its interior soil sample can be observed, really
Whether fixed its meets the requirements, relatively reliable quick compared with metal tube.Equipment is simple, and convenient dismounting, operation is easy.Sampling method
It is safe and reliable, preferably maintain soil body original state structure, it is ensured that quality of soil sample.Beneficial to popularization and application in industry.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of portable shallow layer soft soil original state sampling device, it is characterised in that：Including sampler, locator and separator.
Sampler includes handle (1), thief rod (2), steering base (3), force-transmitting seat (4), piston (5), baffle plate (6) and sampler barrel
(7), thief rod (2) upper end is provided with handle (1), the integrated welding of thief rod (2) lower end and steering base (3), piston (5), turns
It is force-transmitting seat (4) to seat (3) lower end, force-transmitting seat (4) top is provided with draw-in groove (41) and piston hole (44), and steering base (3) is embedded
Force-transmitting seat draw-in groove (41) can simultaneously be slided up and down along draw-in groove (41), and piston (5) is inserted in force-transmitting seat (4) and slided with force-transmitting seat (4)
Connection；Piston (5) bottom is connected through a screw thread fixation with baffle plate (6)；The four direction of force-transmitting seat (4) conical surface is symmetrically arranged with row
Stomata (42), steam vent (42) and the insertion of force-transmitting seat inner chamber；The exit of steam vent (42) is correspondingly arranged catch (43), catch
(43) it is hinged and steam vent (42) can be covered with the force-transmitting seat conical surface；Force-transmitting seat (4) bottom is connected solid with sampler barrel (7) by screw thread
It is fixed, it is the split internal lining pipe (8) that lucite is made in sampler barrel (7), internal lining pipe (8) is close to sampler barrel (7) inwall, by upper
The hollow plastic sheet (71) at end and the latch (72) of lower end are fixed, and sampler barrel (7) lower end is necking section (73)；
Locator includes horizontal stand (9) and support (10), and spacing hole (92) and sampler barrel (7) outer wall of horizontal stand (9) are closely pasted
Close, there is one horizontal one to indulge two spirit bubbles (91) on horizontal stand (9) panel, spirit bubble (91) determine horizontal stand whether level；Support
(10) it is connected by positioning screw hole with horizontal stand (9), support (10) one end sets pin piece (101), support (10) and support (10),
Support (10) is connected by long pin between frame and ground through pin piece (101)；
Separator includes base plate (11), fixed cylinder (12), support ring (13), ejector dozer (14), screw rod (15) and wind (16)；
The side of base plate (11) sets fixed cylinder (12), and fixed cylinder (12) one end is threaded, can be threadably secured with sampler barrel (7)
Duct is threaded in connection, fixed cylinder (12), precession and the retraction of screw rod (15) is can ensure that；Screw rod (15) is through fixed cylinder
(12), screw rod (15) one end is fixedly connected with ejector dozer (14), and screw rod (15) other end is fixedly connected with wind (16)；Base plate
(11) opposite side sets support ring (13), for supporting sampler barrel (7)；Shake wind (16) makes screw rod (15) precession, leads to
Cross internal lining pipe (8) and soil sample that ejector dozer (14) advance can be released in sampler barrel (7).
2. portable shallow layer soft soil original state sampling device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The steering base (3)
In the draw-in groove (41) of the embedded force-transmitting seat (4) of energy, steering base (3) can be slided up and down in draw-in groove (41), be rotated by thief rod (2)
Steering base (3) can drive force-transmitting seat (4) and sampler barrel (7) to rotate, and realize the overall rotation of sampler.
3. portable shallow layer soft soil original state sampling device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The catch (43) with
Force-transmitting seat (4) conical surface is hinged, and hinge exports top in steam vent (42) so that catch (43) can cover steam vent (42)；Push
When fetching earth, because the air pressure of inner chamber can hold catch (43) top, by steam vent (42) drainage exhaust, carried on sampler
When, catch (43) covers steam vent (42), it is to avoid air enters force-transmitting seat (4) inner chamber.
4. portable shallow layer soft soil original state sampling device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The hollow plastic sheet
(71) external diameter is identical with sampler barrel (7) internal diameter, and hollow plastic sheet (71) internal diameter is less than in internal lining pipe (8) internal diameter and force-transmitting seat (4)
Footpath.
5. portable shallow layer soft soil original state sampling device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The latch (72) is
Four, around sampler barrel (7), outer wall even circumferential is symmetrical.
6. portable shallow layer soft soil original state sampling device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The sampler barrel (7)
Scale is respectively marked with force-transmitting seat (4) outer wall both sides, depth selection can be calculated.The cutting edge angle of sampler barrel (7) bottom necking section (73)
Spend is 5~10 °.
7. portable shallow layer soft soil original state sampling device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The internal lining pipe (8)
Equipped with lid is sealed up for safekeeping, sealing lid up for safekeeping includes lid (81) and lower cover (82), to realize the encapsulation of soil sample.
8. portable shallow layer soft soil original state sampling device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The separator is pushed away
Native plate (14) with diameter greater than hollow plastic sheet (71) internal diameter, less than sampler barrel (7) and fixed cylinder (12) internal diameter；In support ring (13)
Footpath is identical with sampler barrel (7) external diameter.
9. the sampling method of portable shallow layer soft soil original state sampling device described in claim 1, comprises the following steps：
A. place treatment：According to experimental study object and the requirement of soil test sample, choose suitable area and be sampled, choose ground
Gesture is flat, uniform soil quality position, the miscellaneous soil of desurfacing, smooth exposure ground.The slightly deep soil sample of buried depth need to be such as taken, then needs to combine fiber crops
Flower brills, Luoyang Spade etc. are removed and go up overburden layer, then it is smooth go out to show up, it is flat to use physical features of showing up, and conveniently fetches earth；
B. device prepares：Locator is set up, when the air bubble of transverse and longitudinal spirit bubble is respectively positioned on liquid level to be hit exactly, illustrates horizontal stand
Level, long pin is driven underground by stent foot piece spacing hole, keeps horizontal stand level and position to fix, and assembles sampler,
Insertion latch, vaseline is smeared by liner inside pipe wall, loads sampler barrel, and overlying hollow plastic sheet connects sampler barrel and force-transmitting seat
Fixation is connect, sampler is inserted into horizontal stand spacing hole；
C. it is pressed into soil layer：Uniformly exerted a force by handle, sampler is slowly and steadily pressed into the soil body, it should be noted that both sides force is equal
It is even, can judge whether fall rate is consistent for sampler both sides by the scale of sampler barrel both sides, it is ensured that sampler slowly uniformly sinks
To the expected depth that fetches earth；
D. water is had during sampler is pushed gentle by steam vent discharge, as sampler steps into soil layer, sampler
Internal cavities are gradually decreased, and the pressure produced in cavity is also discharged by steam vent, after the soil body is full of in internal lining pipe, upper extraction sample
Bar, drives steering base and piston to move upwards simultaneously, and piston upper surface is brought into close contact with force-transmitting seat inner chamber upper wall just, closing row
Stomata, while the catch covering steam vent of force-transmitting seat outer surface, also functions to completely cut off the effect of air, so as in force-transmitting seat inner chamber shape
Into vacuum, ensure that the soil sample in sampler does not fall off using negative pressure castering action；
E. exerted a force upwards by handle, sampler is slowly steadily extracted.If frictional resistance is excessive, by steering base rotating band
Dynamic force-transmitting seat and sampler barrel, in rotary manner screw out sampler, and should try one's best guarantee uniform force application, make sampler slowly steady
Rising, until completely from soil extract；
F. the sampler of taking-up is kept flat, pulls down sampler barrel, the roach on hollow plastic sheet is cleared up dry with scraper first
Only, the roach under latch is suitably cleared up, is careful not to disturb the soil sample in internal lining pipe；
G. soil sample is separated：Sampler barrel is passed through into support ring, is screwed and is connected in the fixed cylinder of separator, take out latch, shake hand
Rocking handle, screw rod drives ejector dozer constantly to advance to inside sampler barrel, by the undisturbed in internal lining pipe and internal lining pipe gradually from sampling
The necking section of cylinder is released, because internal lining pipe is half-open lucite tube, in order to prevent internal lining pipe after sampler barrel is deviate from because losing
Constraint open, should internal lining pipe just from necking section exposure when, remaining soil is scraped off along internal lining pipe bottom with fret saw so that soil sample face with
Internal lining pipe bottom port is concordant, adds a cover internal lining pipe lower cover, after internal lining pipe is completely out, scrapes off soil more than internal lining pipe top, adds a cover
Covered on internal lining pipe, because internal lining pipe is that, transparent with machine glass tube, can observe whether taken weak soil meets the requirements, if liner
Soil sample soil property is uneven in pipe or has a large amount of missings, then should refetch；If soil sample is uniformly intact in internal lining pipe, by internal lining pipe top
Label is posted with bottom, is properly sealed up for safekeeping；
H. the remaining soil in sampler barrel inside is removed, internal lining pipe is separately taken, inwall applies vaseline, loads sampler barrel, by sampler barrel and force-transmitting seat
It is connected, continues to sample；
I. after sampling reaches requirement, sampler is dismantled, after pulling down baffle plate, force-transmitting seat can be separated with thief rod, cleaning is passed
Inner chamber and the outer wall of power seat and sampler barrel, dry, and oiling at the screw of sampler barrel latch properly preserves each device.
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