CN109374343B - In-situ water sample collecting probe and collecting method for shallow gas-containing stratum - Google Patents
In-situ water sample collecting probe and collecting method for shallow gas-containing stratum Download PDFInfo
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- CN109374343B CN109374343B CN201811446147.8A CN201811446147A CN109374343B CN 109374343 B CN109374343 B CN 109374343B CN 201811446147 A CN201811446147 A CN 201811446147A CN 109374343 B CN109374343 B CN 109374343B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
- G01N2001/1031—Sampling from special places
Abstract
The invention discloses an in-situ water sample acquisition probe and an acquisition method for a shallow gas-containing stratum, wherein the probe is mainly formed by sequentially hermetically connecting a first part of the probe, a second part of the probe and a third part of the probe from bottom to top; the first part of probe includes probe pipe A and cyclic annular permeable stone, and open the pipe wall of probe pipe A has the water hole, and the inside packing of probe second part has the sponge protection body, and the inside double-end injection needle that is fixed with of sponge protection body, probe third part top are equipped with fixed foraminiferous baffle and activity cardboard, installs single-mouth aluminium system vacuum bottle in probe pipe C's the lumen, and airtight the installing second silica gel plug on the bottleneck of single-mouth aluminium system vacuum bottle bottom, activity cardboard top is fixed with the pull rod, and fixed foraminiferous baffle top is opened around the through-hole has positioning groove, installs the stull on the pull rod, and the pull rod top is connected with the rope. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, portability and the like, and can obtain an in-situ water sample in the preset gas-bearing layer by carrying a common static cone penetration tester.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of geotechnical engineering investigation in the field of civil engineering, in particular to an in-situ water sample acquisition probe and an in-situ water sample acquisition method for shallow gas-containing strata, which are applicable to gas-containing strata with different gas compositions and different soil textures.
Background
Shallow gas generally refers to natural gas (including organic, inorganic, or mixed source gases) buried within 1500m below the surface of the earth, and formations that are rich in shallow gas are referred to as gas-bearing formations. Gas bearing formations are commonly found in wetlands, estuaries, delta, lakes and submarine sediments and shallow formations where the oil and gas resources are relatively abundant. The gas in the soil layer mainly comes from biogenic gas formed by decomposing organic matters under the action of anaerobic bacteria, deep oil gas, valance gas and gas which is generated in the activity of magma and is sealed in the shallow stratum by upward migration after seepage and diffusion. Shallow gas is present in different degrees in the coast of Zhejiang, the Yangtze delta, the Qidamu basin, the Songliao basin, the Bohai Bay basin and the small basin in the Guangdong Gui area of south China, wherein the shallow gas in the coast of southeast and the downstream area of the Yangtze including Su, zhejiang, hu, min, guangdong, qiong, hunan, hubei, jian and Gan is mainly distributed in the fourth system plains of coast and Jiang. The stratum containing gas belongs to a special engineering geological disaster, namely shallow gas geological disaster, for civil engineering. The well-known Hangzhou bay cross-sea bridge in China has accidents of ship damage caused by shallow gas eruption and combustion in the early engineering investigation process. With the deep development of underground space in China, more and more projects encounter underground shallow gas, and the geological disaster problem of the shallow gas is more and more remarkable. When the engineering encounters a stratum containing gas or harmful gas, firstly, the source, the main storage layer position, the distribution range and the like of the gas in the stratum need to be ascertained, and the acquisition of an in-situ water sample in the stratum containing gas is very important for inverting the gas production environment, the gas production age, the gas migration and aggregation process and the like of the stratum containing gas in the engineering site. Therefore, the collection quality of the in-situ water sample directly influences the accuracy of the test result, and further influences the reasonability inference of inversion.
Currently, in-situ investigation in shallow gas geological regions is mostly dependent on in-situ static sounding, drilling or professional samplers of the oil and gas sector. Most of water sampling modes adopt a pre-drilling hole, and a sampler is put into a drilling hole for water sampling after the hole is formed. In this way, due to pre-drilling, the underground water of the stratum along the layers with different depths is often mixed, so that the sampled water is not completely obtained from the preset gas-containing stratum, and the drilling of the wall protection slurry can change the pH value of the underground water, so that the water sample obtained by the sampler is not representative, the water components in the stratum in situ cannot be truly and directly reflected, and inaccurate test results may be caused. On the other hand, the professional sampler of the petroleum and natural gas department has complex structure, high price, heavy weight and inconvenient carrying, and the ordinary geotechnical engineering investigation unit is difficult to be provided with the professional sampling equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an in-situ water sample acquisition probe and an acquisition method for a shallow gas-containing stratum, wherein the in-situ water sample acquisition probe has the advantages of simple structure, portability and the like, and can acquire an in-situ water sample in a preset gas-containing layer by carrying a common static cone penetration tester; the problems that a simple in-situ water sample collecting device is lacking and other impurities are easy to mix in the water taking process in geotechnical engineering investigation of a geological area containing shallow gas at present are solved.
The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme:
an in-situ water sample acquisition probe for a shallow gas-containing stratum is mainly formed by sequentially hermetically connecting a first part of the probe, a second part of the probe and a third part of the probe from bottom to top; the first part of the probe comprises a probe tube A and an annular permeable stone sleeved outside the probe tube A, a probe tube cavity is formed in the probe tube A, a plurality of water holes communicated with the probe tube cavity are formed in the wall of the probe tube A, and the water inlet ends of the water holes are correspondingly contacted with the annular permeable Dan Nabi; the second part of the probe comprises a probe tube B, a sponge protection body is filled in the probe tube B, a double-head injection needle is fixed in the sponge protection body, the double-head injection needle comprises an upper needle head and a lower needle head, and the lower needle head corresponds to a probe tube cavity; the third part of the probe comprises a probe tube C, a fixed perforated baffle is fixed at the top of a tube cavity of the probe tube C, a movable clamping plate is movably installed at the top of the tube cavity of the probe tube C in a lifting manner, the movable clamping plate is positioned below the fixed perforated baffle, a spring is connected between the movable clamping plate and the fixed perforated baffle, a single-mouth aluminum vacuum bottle is installed in the tube cavity of the probe tube C, the bottom of the single-mouth aluminum vacuum bottle is a bottle mouth, the top of the single-mouth aluminum vacuum bottle is connected with the movable clamping plate, a second silica gel plug is hermetically installed on the bottle mouth at the bottom of the single-mouth aluminum vacuum bottle, and the upper needle corresponds to the bottle mouth at the bottom of the single-mouth aluminum vacuum bottle; the fixing device is characterized in that a through hole is formed in the center of the fixed perforated baffle, a pull rod is fixed at the top of the movable clamping plate, the top of the pull rod penetrates through the through hole of the fixed perforated baffle, a positioning groove is formed in the top of the fixed perforated baffle around the through hole, a scissor support corresponding to the positioning groove is mounted on the pull rod, and a rope is connected to the top of the pull rod.
In order to better realize the invention, the invention further comprises a static sounding pipe, wherein the bottom of the static sounding pipe is connected with the top of the third part of the probe, and the rope is positioned in the pipe cavity of the static sounding pipe.
Preferably, a hook is fixed at the top of the pull rod, and the bottom of the rope is fixedly connected to the hook.
Preferably, the bottom of the movable clamping plate is provided with a clamping sleeve, and the top of the single-port aluminum vacuum bottle is matched and clamped in the clamping sleeve.
Preferably, a conical probe cone is fixed at the bottom of the probe tube A of the first part of the probe.
Preferably, the top of the probe tube A of the first part of the probe is provided with a first threaded tubular column, the bottom of the probe tube B of the second part of the probe is in threaded connection with the first threaded tubular column, and a first silica gel plug is hermetically arranged in a tube cavity of the first threaded tubular column; the top of a probe tube B of the second part of the probe is provided with a second threaded tubular column, and the bottom of a probe tube C of the third part of the probe is in threaded connection with the second threaded tubular column; the top of the probe tube C of the third part of the probe is provided with a third threaded tubular column, and the bottom of the static cone penetration probe tube is in threaded connection with the third threaded tubular column of the probe tube C.
Preferably, the water through holes are circular, the water through holes are circumferentially arranged along the pipe wall of the probe pipe A, and all the water through holes are uniformly laminated from the bottom of the pipe wall of the probe pipe A to the top of the pipe wall.
Preferably, the invention further comprises a static cone penetration tester, wherein the top of the static cone penetration tester is arranged on the static cone penetration tester, and the static cone penetration tester is formed by assembling a plurality of sections of probe rod tubes.
Preferably, the two supporting rods of the scissor support are hinged with each other in the middle, the two supporting rods of the scissor support are bilaterally symmetrical in a vertical line passing through a hinging point in the middle, and the bottoms of the two supporting rods of the scissor support correspond to the positioning grooves on the top of the baffle with the holes.
The probe for in-situ water sample collection comprises three parts, namely a first part of the probe, a second part of the probe and a third part of the probe in sequence from bottom to top, wherein the first part of the probe comprises a water hole, a first silica gel plug, a probe cone, an annular permeable stone, a probe tube cavity and a first threaded tube column. The outer wall of the probe tube A of the first part of the probe is sleeved with an annular permeable stone, and the annular permeable stone can block slurry particles in a gas-containing stratum outside and enable water to freely enter the probe tube A of the first part of the probe; the probe tube A of the first part of the probe is internally provided with a probe tube cavity which can temporarily store externally-entered water and gas and primarily separate water from air (because the gas is lighter than the water in weight); a plurality of water holes are formed between the annular permeable stone and the probe lumen of the probe tube A, in-situ water of the gas-containing stratum can enter the water holes through the annular permeable stone and then enter the probe lumen of the probe tube A, and the plurality of water holes can prevent external water from being unable to enter the probe lumen of the first part of the probe through the annular permeable stone after some holes are blocked; the first silica gel plug is positioned at the top of the probe lumen of the probe tube A and has the function of preventing water and gas stored in the probe lumen of the probe tube A from penetrating into the second part of the probe; the entire first portion of the probe is primarily used to collect and initially store in situ water from a predetermined gas bearing formation.
The second part of the probe mainly comprises a second threaded tubular column, a double-head injection needle and a sponge protector. The bottom end of the second part of the probe is screwed with the second threaded tubular column at the top of the first part of the probe, and the second threaded tubular column at the top of the second part of the probe is screwed with the bottom of the third part of the probe; the double-head injection needle is vertically arranged in the second part of the probe, when the lower needle head of the double-head injection needle is inserted into the first silica gel plug in the first part of the probe, and the upper needle head is inserted into the second silica gel plug in the third part of the probe, the probe pipe cavity of the first part of the probe and the single-port aluminum vacuum bottle (light in weight and difficult to rust) of the third part of the probe can be communicated, so that in-situ water is sucked into the single-port aluminum vacuum bottle; the sponge protection body is filled around the double-end injection needle, and is used for fixing the double-end injection needle to prevent the position of the double-end injection needle from shifting, and meanwhile, the sponge protection body can also be used for supporting the double-end injection needle to prevent the needle head of the double-end injection needle from being inserted into the silica gel plug in advance.
The third part of the probe consists of a third threaded tubular column, a movable clamping plate, a clamping sleeve, a pull rod, a spring, a positioning groove, a baffle plate with a hole, a scissor support, a single-port aluminum vacuum bottle (light in weight and difficult to rust), a second silica gel plug, a hook and a rope; the bottom of the third part of the probe is screwed with the second threaded tubular column at the top of the second part of the probe; the clamping sleeve is fixed at the bottom of the movable clamping plate and mainly plays a role in fixing the single-port aluminum vacuum bottle, and the movable clamping plate can take the elasticity released by the spring as initial kinetic energy to press the second silica gel plug of the single-port aluminum vacuum bottle into the double-head injection needle of the second part of the probe downwards; the second silica gel plug at the bottom end of the single-port aluminum vacuum bottle is used for sealing, so that the vacuum in the single-port aluminum vacuum bottle can be kept; a fixed perforated baffle is arranged on the movable clamping plate, and a circular through hole is arranged in the middle of the fixed perforated baffle and can accommodate the pull rod to pass through. Positioning grooves are respectively arranged on two sides of the round through hole. The pull rod passes through the through hole of the fixed baffle plate with holes and is connected with the movable clamping plate together, and can move along with the movable clamping plate in the vertical direction. The movable clamping plate is connected with the fixed perforated baffle by a spring, a scissor support is arranged on the pull rod, when the compression spring passes the scissor support on the pull rod through the upper part of the fixed perforated baffle, the scissor support is separated by a hand and inserted into the positioning grooves of the fixed perforated baffles at the two sides, and the pull rod and the movable clamping plate can be fixed at the moment; the top of the pull rod is provided with a hook which can be used for connecting the rope to the hook. The rope extends out of the ground surface from the hollow static sounding pipe, and the pull rod can be operated on the ground surface through the rope. When the in-situ water sample collecting probe reaches a preset gas-containing layer to prepare water taking, lifting the rope upwards to enable the scissor support to be separated from the positioning groove, enabling the scissor support to be closed naturally under the action of gravity, loosening the rope at the moment, and enabling the elastic force generated by compression of the spring to provide power for the movable clamping plate to enable the movable clamping plate to vertically move downwards together with the pull rod at the upper part and the single-port aluminum vacuum bottle at the lower part, so that a second silica gel plug of the single-port aluminum vacuum bottle is communicated with the double-head injection needle in the second part of the probe and the probe tube cavity in the first part of the probe; under the suction effect provided by the single-port aluminum vacuum bottle, the in-situ water sample in the first part of the probe is sucked into the single-port aluminum vacuum bottle through the double-head injection needle, so that the acquisition of the in-situ water sample of the gas-bearing layer is completed. The top end of the third part of the probe is provided with a third threaded pipe column, the third threaded pipe column can be mutually screwed with the static cone penetration test pipe, and the static cone penetration test pipe can be provided with a static cone penetration test instrument, so that the common static cone penetration test instrument can be provided with the in-situ water sample collecting probe.
An in-situ water sample collection method for a shallow gas-containing stratum comprises an in-situ water sample collection probe, wherein the collection method comprises the following steps:
A. and (3) field device assembly: firstly, assembling a first part of a probe, vacuumizing and saturating an annular permeable stone to remove air in the annular permeable stone, then installing and fixing the annular permeable stone on the outer side of the first part of the probe, ensuring that the joint between the outer surface of the annular permeable stone and the first part of the probe is smooth, enabling the inner wall of the annular permeable stone to be closely attached to all water holes, and ensuring that an in-situ water sample can enter a probe tube cavity of the first part of the probe after passing through the water holes through the annular permeable stone; then assembling a second part of the probe, screwing the bottom of the second part of the probe with the first thread tubular column at the top of the first part of the probe, and vertically placing the double-head injection needle wrapped by the sponge protection body in a probe tube B of the second part of the probe; then assembling a third part of the probe, firstly fixing a rope on a hook, penetrating the rope into a static sounding probe in advance, tightly clamping the top of a single-port aluminum vacuum bottle on a clamping sleeve of a movable clamping plate, then pulling the rope to enable a pull rod to be pulled upwards, enabling a part with a scissor to appear at the upper end of a fixed baffle with holes, stretching the scissor to enable the bottoms of two supporting rods of the scissor to be respectively inserted into positioning grooves at two sides of a through hole of the fixed baffle with holes, carefully checking and ensuring firm fixation, screwing the bottom of the third part of the probe and the threads of a second threaded tubular column at the top of the second part of the probe, completely assembling an in-situ water sample collecting probe at the moment, screwing the top of the in-situ water sample collecting probe and the threads at the bottom of the static sounding probe, and starting a sounding penetration test;
B. and (3) water sample collection: the stratum sequentially comprises an earth surface cultivated soil layer, a cover layer and a gas-containing layer from top to bottom, wherein the underground water level is positioned in the cover layer, a static cone penetration tester is fixed on the earth surface cultivated soil layer, and after a static cone penetration tester and an in-situ water sample collecting probe are arranged on the static cone penetration tester, penetration is started, and the speed is controlled to be 1-2 cm/s; stopping penetrating after reaching a preset gas-containing layer, pulling the rope upwards by about 10cm on the earth surface cultivated soil layer, and inwards closing the scissor support under the action of dead weight, slowly downwards loosening the rope after standing for 5 seconds, downwards releasing about 10cm, ensuring that the scissor support part on the pull rod 33 is quickly loosened through the through hole of the fixed perforated baffle, enabling the movable clamping plate to downwards move with the single-port aluminum vacuum bottle under the combined action of the dead weight and the elasticity provided by the spring, enabling the second silica gel plug of the single-port aluminum vacuum bottle to be tightly connected with the upper needle head of the double-head injection needle and press the double-head injection needle to downwards move together, finally enabling the lower needle head of the double-head injection needle to be connected with the first silica gel plug of the first part of the probe, and enabling the single-port aluminum vacuum bottle, the double-head injection needle and the probe tube cavity to be communicated after the spring is completely retracted, at the moment, enabling the negative pressure of the single-port vacuum bottle to suck a water sample in the gas-containing layer in the probe tube cavity of the first part of the probe into the single-port aluminum vacuum bottle through the double-head injection needle; so that in-situ water samples in the gas-bearing layer are sequentially communicated with the annular permeable stone, the water hole, the probe tube cavity, the double-head injection needle and the single-port aluminum vacuum bottle, and the sampling process is realized; the operation time should be long enough to ensure that a sufficient amount of water sample is taken, specifically: the sampling time in the cohesive soil is controlled to be 60-180 min, and the sampling time in the sand is controlled to be 5-20 min;
C. and (3) equipment recovery: a section of static sounding probe tube is retrieved, when an in-situ water sample collecting probe is recovered to a soil layer cultivated on the earth surface, the third part of the probe and the second part of the probe are quickly unscrewed, a double-head injection needle is separated from a second silica gel plug of a single-port aluminum vacuum bottle, then the single-port aluminum vacuum bottle is taken down from a clamping sleeve of a movable clamping plate, at the moment, the single-port aluminum vacuum bottle is a pure in-situ water sample containing a gas layer, and the in-situ water sample is brought back to a laboratory for indoor assay analysis; and removing all parts of the instrument, and collecting and assembling the parts so as to be reused when water sample collection is performed next time.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) The invention has the advantages of simple structure, portability and the like, and can obtain an in-situ water sample in the preset gas-bearing layer by carrying a common static cone penetration tester.
(2) The invention solves the problems that the prior art lacks a simple in-situ water sample collecting device and other impurities are easy to mix in the water taking process in geotechnical engineering investigation of a geological region containing shallow gas.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an in-situ water sample collection probe of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the first part of the probe of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of a second part of the probe of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the third part of the probe of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a single port aluminum vacuum flask;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a scissors stay;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the working principle between the movable clamping plate and the scissor struts;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the installation and use of the in situ water sample collection probe of the present invention.
Wherein, the names corresponding to the reference numerals in the drawings are:
the static cone penetration tester comprises a 10-static cone penetration tester, a 20-surface cultivated soil layer, a 30-cover layer, a 40-gas-containing layer, a 50-in-situ water sample collecting probe, a 60-groundwater level, a 1-probe first part, a 11-water through hole, a 12-annular permeable stone, a 13-first silica gel plug, a 14-first threaded tubular column, a 15-probe cone, a 16-probe tube cavity, a 2-probe second part, a 21-double-headed injection needle, a 211-upper needle, a 212-lower needle, a 22-sponge protecting body, a 23-second threaded tubular column, a 3-probe third part, a 31-movable clamping plate, a 32-clamping sleeve, a 33-pull rod, a 34-spring, a 35-positioning groove, a 36-fixed belt hole baffle, a 37-scissors support, a 4-single-mouth aluminum vacuum bottle, a 41-second silica gel plug, a 5-hook, a 6-rope and a 7-static cone penetration tester.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples:
examples
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, an in-situ water sample collecting probe for a shallow gas-containing stratum is mainly formed by sequentially and hermetically connecting a first part 1 of the probe, a second part 2 of the probe and a third part 3 of the probe from bottom to top. The first part 1 of the probe comprises a probe tube A and an annular permeable stone 12 sleeved outside the probe tube A, a probe tube cavity 16 is formed in the probe tube A, a plurality of water through holes 11 communicated with the probe tube cavity 16 are formed in the wall of the probe tube A, and the water inlet ends of the water through holes 11 are correspondingly contacted with the inner wall of the annular permeable stone 12. The second part 2 of the probe comprises a probe tube B, a sponge protection body 22 is filled in the probe tube B, a double-head injection needle 21 is fixed in the sponge protection body 22, the double-head injection needle 21 comprises an upper needle 211 and a lower needle 212, and the lower needle 212 corresponds to the probe tube cavity 16. The probe third part 3 comprises a probe tube C, a fixed perforated baffle 36 is fixed at the top of the tube cavity of the probe tube C, a movable clamping plate 31 is movably installed at the top of the tube cavity of the probe tube C in a lifting mode, the movable clamping plate 31 is located below the fixed perforated baffle 36, a spring 34 is connected between the movable clamping plate 31 and the fixed perforated baffle 36, a single-mouth aluminum vacuum bottle 4 is installed in the tube cavity of the probe tube C, the bottom of the single-mouth aluminum vacuum bottle 4 is a bottle mouth, the top of the single-mouth aluminum vacuum bottle 4 is connected with the movable clamping plate 31, a second silica gel plug 41 is installed on the bottle mouth at the bottom of the single-mouth aluminum vacuum bottle 4 in a sealing mode, and an upper needle 211 corresponds to the bottle mouth at the bottom of the single-mouth aluminum vacuum bottle 4. The center of the fixed foraminiferous baffle 36 is provided with a through hole, the top of the movable clamping plate 31 is fixed with a pull rod 33, the top of the pull rod 33 passes through the through hole of the fixed foraminiferous baffle 36, the top of the fixed foraminiferous baffle 36 is provided with a positioning groove 35 around the through hole, the pull rod 33 is provided with a scissor stay 37 corresponding to the positioning groove 35, and the top of the pull rod 33 is connected with a rope 6.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention further comprises a static cone penetration test tube 7, wherein the bottom of the static cone penetration test tube 7 is connected with the top of the third part 3 of the probe, and the rope 6 is positioned in the pipe cavity of the static cone penetration test tube 7. The top of the pull rod 33 is fixed with a hook 5, and the bottom of the rope 6 is fixedly connected to the hook 5.
As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the bottom of the movable clamping plate 31 is provided with a clamping sleeve 32, and the top of the single-port aluminum vacuum bottle 4 is matched and clamped in the clamping sleeve 32. As shown in fig. 2, a conical probe cone 15 is fixed at the bottom of the probe tube a of the first probe part 1, and the probe cone 15 is beneficial to penetrating the surface cultivated soil layer 20, the cover layer 30 and the gas-bearing layer 40.
As shown in fig. 1, the top of the probe tube a of the first part 1 of the probe is provided with a first threaded tubular column 14, the bottom of the probe tube B of the second part 2 of the probe is in threaded connection with the first threaded tubular column 14, and a first silica gel plug 13 is hermetically arranged in the tube cavity of the first threaded tubular column 14. The top of the probe tube B of the second part 2 of the probe is provided with a second threaded tubular column 23, and the bottom of the probe tube C of the third part 3 of the probe is in threaded connection with the second threaded tubular column 23. The top of the probe pipe C of the probe third part 3 is provided with a third threaded pipe column, and the bottom of the static cone penetration probe pipe 7 is in threaded connection with the third threaded pipe column of the probe pipe C.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the water through holes 11 are circular, the water through holes 11 are circumferentially arranged along the wall of the probe tube a, and all the water through holes 11 are uniformly stacked from the bottom of the wall of the probe tube a to the top of the wall of the probe tube a.
As shown in fig. 8, the invention further comprises a static cone penetration tester 10, wherein the top of the static cone penetration tester 7 is arranged on the static cone penetration tester 10, and the static cone penetration tester 7 is assembled by a plurality of sections of probe rod tubes.
As shown in fig. 6, the scissors stay 37 is formed by hinging two stay bars with each other in the middle, the two stay bars of the scissors stay 37 are bilaterally symmetrical with each other in a vertical line passing through a hinging point in the middle, and the bottoms of the two stay bars of the scissors stay 37 correspond to the positioning groove 35 on the top of the fixed belt hole baffle 36.
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, an in-situ water sample collection method for a shallow gas-containing stratum includes an in-situ water sample collection probe 50, and the collection method is as follows:
A. and (3) field device assembly: firstly, the first probe part 1 is assembled, the annular permeable stone 12 is vacuumized and saturated to remove air in the annular permeable stone 12, then the annular permeable stone 12 is installed and fixed on the outer side of the first probe part 1, the joint between the outer surface of the annular permeable stone 12 and the first probe part 1 is smooth, the inner wall of the annular permeable stone 12 is tightly attached to all water holes 11, and in-situ water samples can be ensured to enter the probe tube cavity 16 of the first probe part 1 after passing through the water holes 11 through the annular permeable stone 12. Then the second part 2 of the probe is assembled, the bottom of the second part 2 of the probe is screwed with the first threaded tubular column 14 at the top of the first part 1 of the probe, and then the double-headed injection needle 21 wrapped by the sponge protection body 22 is vertically placed inside the probe tube B of the second part 2 of the probe. Then the third part 3 of the probe is assembled, firstly, a rope 6 is fixed on the hook 5 and passes through the static penetration test tube 7 in advance, the top of the single-port aluminum vacuum bottle 4 is tightly clamped in the clamping sleeve 32 of the movable clamping plate 31, then the rope 6 is pulled to enable the pull rod 33 to be pulled upwards, the part with the scissor support 37 is enabled to appear at the upper end of the fixed perforated baffle 36, the scissor support 37 is supported, the bottoms of the two supporting rods of the scissor support 37 are respectively inserted into the positioning grooves 35 at the two sides of the through hole of the fixed perforated baffle 36, after the fixation is carefully checked and ensured to be firm, the bottom of the third part 3 of the probe and the second threaded tubular column 23 at the top of the second part 2 of the probe are screwed tightly, at the moment, the in-situ water sample collecting probe 50 is completely assembled, the top of the in-situ water sample collecting probe 50 and the bottom of the static penetration test tube 7 are screwed tightly, and the penetration test can be started.
B. And (3) water sample collection: the stratum sequentially comprises a surface cultivated soil layer 20, a cover layer 30 and an air-containing layer 40 from top to bottom, an underground water level 60 is positioned in the cover layer 30, a static cone penetration tester 10 is fixed on the surface cultivated soil layer 20, and after the static cone penetration tester 10 is provided with a static cone penetration tester pipe 7 and an in-situ water sample collecting probe 50, penetration is started at the speed of 1-2 cm/s. When the predetermined air-containing layer 40 is reached, the penetrating is stopped, the rope 6 is pulled upwards by about 10cm on the surface cultivated soil layer 20, the scissor support 37 is closed inwards under the action of dead weight, the rope 6 is slowly released downwards after the soil layer is stopped for 5 seconds, about 10cm is lowered, the scissor support 37 on the pull rod 33 is ensured to pass through the through hole of the fixed perforated baffle 36, the rope 6 is quickly released, the movable clamping plate 31 moves downwards with the single-port aluminum vacuum bottle 4 under the combined action of the dead weight and the elastic force provided by the spring 34, the second silica gel plug 41 of the single-port aluminum vacuum bottle 4 is tightly connected with the upper needle 211 of the double-head injection needle 21 and presses the double-head injection needle 21 to move downwards together, finally the lower needle 212 of the double-head injection needle 21 is connected with the first silica gel plug 13 of the probe first part 1, and the spring 34 is completely retracted to enable the single-port aluminum vacuum bottle 4, the double-head injection needle 21 and the probe tube cavity 16 to be communicated, at the moment, the negative pressure of the single-port aluminum vacuum bottle 4 sucks the air-containing layer 4 in the probe tube cavity 16 of the probe first part 1 into the single-port aluminum vacuum bottle 4 through the single-port aluminum vacuum bottle 21. So that the in-situ water sample in the gas-bearing layer 40 is sequentially communicated with the annular permeable stone 12, the water through holes 11, the probe tube cavity 16, the double-head injection needle 21 and the single-port aluminum vacuum bottle 4, and the sampling process is realized. The operation time should be long enough to ensure that a sufficient amount of water sample is taken, specifically: the sampling time in the cohesive soil is controlled to be 60-180 min, and the sampling time in the sand is controlled to be 5-20 min.
C. And (3) equipment recovery: and retrieving one section of the static sounding probe tube 7, when the in-situ water sample collecting probe 50 is recovered to the surface cultivated soil layer 20, rapidly unscrewing the third part 3 of the probe and the second part 2 of the probe, separating the double-head injection needle 22 from the second silica gel plug 41 of the single-port aluminum vacuum bottle 4, then taking down the single-port aluminum vacuum bottle 4 from the clamping sleeve 32 of the movable clamping plate 31, taking the pure in-situ water sample containing the air layer 40 in the single-port aluminum vacuum bottle 4, and carrying the pure in-situ water sample back to a laboratory for indoor assay analysis. And removing all parts of the instrument, and collecting and assembling the parts so as to be reused when water sample collection is performed next time.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An in-situ water sample collection probe for a shallow gas-containing stratum, which is characterized in that: the probe is mainly formed by sequentially hermetically connecting a first part (1), a second part (2) and a third part (3) of the probe from bottom to top; the first part (1) of the probe comprises a probe tube A and an annular permeable stone (12) sleeved outside the probe tube A, a probe tube cavity (16) is formed in the probe tube A, a plurality of water through holes (11) communicated with the probe tube cavity (16) are formed in the wall of the probe tube A, and the water inlet ends of the water through holes (11) are correspondingly contacted with the inner wall of the annular permeable stone (12); the probe second part (2) comprises a probe tube B, a sponge protection body (22) is filled in the probe tube B, a double-head injection needle (21) is fixed in the sponge protection body (22), the double-head injection needle (21) comprises an upper needle head (211) and a lower needle head (212), and the lower needle head (212) corresponds to the probe tube cavity (16); the probe third part (3) comprises a probe tube C, a fixed perforated baffle (36) is fixed at the top of a tube cavity of the probe tube C, a movable clamping plate (31) is movably installed at the top of the tube cavity of the probe tube C in a lifting mode, the movable clamping plate (31) is located below the fixed perforated baffle (36), a spring (34) is connected between the movable clamping plate (31) and the fixed perforated baffle (36), a single-port aluminum vacuum bottle (4) is installed in the tube cavity of the probe tube C, the bottom of the single-port aluminum vacuum bottle (4) is a bottle mouth, the top of the single-port aluminum vacuum bottle (4) is connected with the movable clamping plate (31), a second silica gel plug (41) is hermetically installed on the bottle mouth at the bottom of the single-port aluminum vacuum bottle (4), and the upper needle (211) corresponds to the bottle mouth at the bottom of the single-port aluminum vacuum bottle (4); the fixing device is characterized in that a through hole is formed in the center of the fixing hole baffle (36), a pull rod (33) is fixed at the top of the movable clamping plate (31), the top of the pull rod (33) penetrates through the through hole of the fixing hole baffle (36), a positioning groove (35) is formed in the top of the fixing hole baffle (36) around the through hole, a scissor support (37) corresponding to the positioning groove (35) is mounted on the pull rod (33), and a rope (6) is connected to the top of the pull rod (33).
2. An in situ water sample collection probe for a shallow gas bearing formation according to claim 1, wherein: the static cone penetration test device is characterized by further comprising a static cone penetration test tube (7), wherein the bottom of the static cone penetration test tube (7) is connected with the top of the third part (3) of the probe, and the rope (6) is positioned in the lumen of the static cone penetration test tube (7).
3. An in situ water sample collection probe for a shallow gas bearing formation according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the top of the pull rod (33) is fixedly provided with a hook (5), and the bottom of the rope (6) is fixedly connected to the hook (5).
4. An in situ water sample collection probe for a shallow gas bearing formation according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the movable clamping plate (31) is provided with a clamping sleeve (32), and the top of the single-port aluminum vacuum bottle (4) is matched and clamped in the clamping sleeve (32).
5. An in situ water sample collection probe for a shallow gas bearing formation according to claim 1, wherein: a probe cone (15) with a conical shape is fixed at the bottom of the probe tube A of the first part (1) of the probe.
6. An in situ water sample collection probe for a shallow gas bearing formation according to claim 2, wherein: the top of a probe tube A of the first part (1) of the probe is provided with a first threaded tube column (14), the bottom of a probe tube B of the second part (2) of the probe is in threaded connection with the first threaded tube column (14), and a first silica gel plug (13) is hermetically arranged in a tube cavity of the first threaded tube column (14); the top of a probe tube B of the second part (2) of the probe is provided with a second threaded tubular column (23), and the bottom of a probe tube C of the third part (3) of the probe is in threaded connection with the second threaded tubular column (23); the top of the probe tube C of the probe third part (3) is provided with a third threaded tubular column, and the bottom of the static sounding tube (7) is in threaded connection with the third threaded tubular column of the probe tube C.
7. An in situ water sample collection probe for a shallow gas bearing formation according to claim 1, wherein: the water holes (11) are circular, the water holes (11) are circumferentially arranged along the pipe wall of the probe pipe A, and all the water holes (11) are uniformly laminated from the bottom of the pipe wall of the probe pipe A to the top of the pipe wall.
8. An in situ water sample collection probe for a shallow gas bearing formation according to claim 2 or 6, wherein: the static cone penetration test device further comprises a static cone penetration test instrument (10), the top of the static cone penetration test tube (7) is arranged on the static cone penetration test instrument (10), and the static cone penetration test tube (7)) is formed by a plurality of sections of probe rod tubes.
9. An in situ water sample collection probe for a shallow gas bearing formation according to claim 1, wherein: the two support rods of the scissor support (37) are bilaterally symmetrical in a vertical line passing through a hinging point of the middle part, and the bottoms of the two support rods of the scissor support (37) correspond to the positioning groove (35) at the top of the baffle plate (36) with the holes.
10. An in-situ water sample collection method for a shallow gas-containing stratum is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises an in-situ water sample collecting probe (50), and the collecting method comprises the following steps:
A. and (3) field device assembly: firstly, assembling a first part (1) of a probe, vacuumizing and saturating an annular permeable stone (12) to remove air in the annular permeable stone, then installing and fixing the annular permeable stone (12) on the outer side of the first part (1) of the probe, ensuring that the joint between the outer surface of the annular permeable stone (12) and the first part (1) of the probe is smooth, enabling the inner wall of the annular permeable stone (12) to be tightly attached to all water holes (11), and ensuring that an in-situ water sample can enter a probe pipe cavity (16) of the first part (1) of the probe after passing through the water holes (11) through the annular permeable stone (12); then assembling a second part (2) of the probe, screwing the bottom of the second part (2) of the probe and a first threaded tubular column (14) at the top of the first part (1) of the probe, and vertically placing a double-head injection needle (21) wrapped by a sponge protector (22) in a probe tube B of the second part (2) of the probe; then assembling a third part (3) of the probe, fixing a rope (6) on a hook (5), penetrating through a static sounding pipe (7) in advance, tightly clamping the top of a single-port aluminum vacuum bottle (4) in a clamping sleeve (32) of a movable clamping plate (31), pulling the rope (6) to enable a pull rod (33) to be pulled upwards, enabling a part with a scissor support (37) to appear at the upper end of a fixed perforated baffle (36), stretching the scissor support (37), enabling the bottoms of the two supporting rods of the scissor support (37) to be respectively inserted into positioning grooves (35) at two sides of a through hole of the fixed perforated baffle (36), carefully checking and ensuring firm fixation, screwing the bottom of the third part (3) of the probe and a second threaded tubular column (23) at the top of the second part (2) of the probe, completely assembling an in-situ water sample collecting probe (50), screwing the top of the in-situ water sample collecting probe (50) and the bottom of the static sounding pipe (7), and starting a sounding test;
B. and (3) water sample collection: the stratum sequentially comprises an earth surface cultivated soil layer (20), a cover layer (30) and a gas-containing layer (40) from top to bottom, wherein a ground water level (60) is positioned in the cover layer (30), a static cone penetration tester (10) is fixed on the earth surface cultivated soil layer (20), and after the static cone penetration tester (10) is provided with a static cone penetration tester (7) and an in-situ water sample collecting probe (50), the penetration is started, and the speed is controlled to be 1-2 cm/s; stopping penetrating after reaching a preset gas-containing layer (40), pulling the rope (6) upwards by about 10cm on the earth surface cultivated soil layer (20), closing the scissor support (37) inwards under the action of dead weight, slowly releasing the rope (6) downwards after standing for 5 seconds, releasing about 10cm, ensuring that the scissor support (37) on the pull rod (33) is reset and passes through the through hole of the fixed perforated baffle plate (36), rapidly releasing the rope (6), enabling the movable clamping plate (31) to move downwards with the single-port aluminum vacuum bottle (4) under the combined action of the dead weight and the elastic force provided by the spring (34), enabling the second silica gel plug (41) of the single-port aluminum vacuum bottle (4) to be tightly connected with the upper needle head (211) of the double-port aluminum injection needle (21), pressing the lower needle (212) of the double-port injection needle (21) downwards together, finally enabling the needle head (212) of the double-port injection needle (21) to be connected with the first silica gel plug (13) of the first part (1), enabling the single-port aluminum vacuum bottle (4) and the double-port vacuum injection needle (16) to be connected at the moment after the spring (34) is fully stretched out, the negative pressure of the single-port aluminum vacuum bottle (4) sucks an in-situ water sample in a gas-containing layer (40) in a probe tube cavity (16) of the first part (1) of the probe into the single-port aluminum vacuum bottle (4) through a double-head injection needle (21); so that in-situ water samples in the gas-containing layer (40) are sequentially communicated with the annular permeable stone (12), the water through holes (11), the probe tube cavity (16), the double-head injection needle (21) and the single-port aluminum vacuum bottle (4) and a sampling process is realized; the operation time should be long enough to ensure that a sufficient amount of water sample is taken, specifically: the sampling time in the cohesive soil is controlled to be 60-180 min, and the sampling time in the sand is controlled to be 5-20 min;
C. and (3) equipment recovery: a section of static sounding probe tube (7) is retrieved, when an in-situ water sample collecting probe (50) is recovered to a soil layer (20) cultivated on the earth, a third part (3) of the probe and a second part (2) of the probe are quickly unscrewed, a double-head injection needle (22) is separated from a second silica gel plug (41) of a single-mouth aluminum vacuum bottle (4), then the single-mouth aluminum vacuum bottle (4) is taken down from a clamping sleeve (32) of a movable clamping plate (31), at the moment, the in-situ water sample of the collected pure air-containing layer (40) is taken back to a laboratory, and indoor assay analysis can be carried out; and removing all parts of the instrument, and collecting and assembling the parts so as to be reused when water sample collection is performed next time.
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| CN110652652B (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2020-09-18 | 河南大学淮河医院 | Pelvic floor muscle rehabilitation device with adjustable |
| CN110658328B (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2023-09-15 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Portable in-situ gas content measuring device and method for shallow gas-containing stratum |
| CN110672613A (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2020-01-10 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Portable in-situ gas concentration measuring device and method for shallow gas-bearing stratum |
| CN110700229B (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2024-02-09 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Portable shallow gas-bearing stratum in-situ air pressure measuring device and method |
| CN111579289A (en) * | 2020-06-26 | 2020-08-25 | 福州大学 | Soil sampling device and method for undisturbed sample of low-viscosity soil |
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