CN106767420B - Full-automatic detection device and method for precision images of vertical axis group of total station - Google Patents
Full-automatic detection device and method for precision images of vertical axis group of total station Download PDFInfo
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- CN106767420B CN106767420B CN201710076915.4A CN201710076915A CN106767420B CN 106767420 B CN106767420 B CN 106767420B CN 201710076915 A CN201710076915 A CN 201710076915A CN 106767420 B CN106767420 B CN 106767420B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
Abstract
The invention relates to a full-automatic detection device for precision images of a vertical axis group of a total station, which comprises: CCD camera, light path part, rotary table, automatic control part of rotary table, planar reflector, vertical shaft group, computer and other parts. In the full-automatic detection process, the turntable drives the vertical shaft to rotate for one circle, during the period, parallel light reflected by the plane reflector on the vertical shaft forms a plurality of images on the CCD of the camera, the computer fits a pattern (ellipse) formed by the images through the coordinates of the images on the CCD, and the maximum shaking value of the vertical shaft group is further calculated through the computer and recorded and stored. The device of the invention has simple operation, one-to-one correspondence storage of the serial numbers and the measurement results, convenient factory management, measurement precision improved by more than 10 times and efficiency improved by nearly 5 times compared with the prior method. At present, the measurement precision requirement of the total station is higher and higher, and the invention can completely meet the precision requirement of the total station on the vertical axis group.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device and a method for full-automatic detection of precision images of a vertical shaft group of a total station, which are suitable for detecting a shaking value of the vertical shaft group of the total station along the radial direction of a vertical shaft.
Background
The total station is a high-technology measuring instrument integrating light collection, machinery and electricity, and can be almost used in all measuring fields. The vertical shaft group is used as an important component of the total station, and has great influence on the stability and the accuracy of the measurement of the total station. The requirement on the measurement accuracy of the total station is higher and higher in modern industry and engineering, and the requirement on the processing accuracy is higher and higher. The vertical shaft group mainly comprises a vertical shaft which is similar to a cylinder and a vertical shaft sleeve which is similar to a circular ring and sleeved outside the cylindrical vertical shaft, and the vertical shaft can rotate in the vertical shaft sleeve. Due to the limitation of the process level, the vertical shaft can shake to a certain extent in the radial direction of the vertical shaft when rotating in the vertical shaft sleeve, and the shake causes the inclination of the vertical shaft at different rotation positions, which has great influence on the measurement accuracy of the total station.
At present, a bubble detection method is generally adopted for the precision inspection of a vertical shaft group by manufacturers, the vertical shaft group is vertically locked on a base, a long bubble is arranged on the upper end face of the vertical shaft, the bubble is leveled, the drift of the bubble is observed by manually rotating the vertical shaft, the number of the offset grids of the bubble in each direction is visually observed, and the maximum value is taken as a result and recorded. The method is complex to operate, long in time consumption, high in requirement on the eyesight of workers, more than 1' of detection error, and meanwhile, the body and mind of the workers are injured by long-time work. Due to the fact that the current requirements on the total station are higher and higher, the method for detecting the precision of the vertical shaft group by the water bubbles can not meet the requirements any more.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that: how to improve vertical axis group precision measurement's efficiency and accuracy to reduce workman working strength, improve work efficiency. In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a device and a method for full-automatic detection of the precision of a vertical axis group of a total station, which are realized by adopting the following technical scheme.
The utility model provides a full automated inspection's of total powerstation vertical axis group precision image device, includes: the device comprises a CCD camera 1, an optical path part 2, a rotary table 3, a plane reflector 4, a vertical axis group 5, a clamp 6, a support 7, a rotary table automatic control part 8, a computer 9 and a result calculation and recording unit 10; the vertical shaft group 5 comprises a vertical shaft 5a similar to a cylinder and a circular vertical shaft sleeve 5b positioned outside the vertical shaft, the vertical shaft sleeve 5b is fixed in the clamp 6, and the planar reflector 4 is placed on the upper end face of the vertical shaft 5a and used for reflecting light to the CCD camera 1; the rotary table 3 is positioned right above the vertical shaft group 5 and is controlled to rotate by the automatic rotary table control part 8, and the rotary table 3 only applies tangential force to the vertical shaft 5a so that the vertical shaft 5a and the rotary table 3 can synchronously rotate; the CCD camera 1, the light path part 2 and the rotary table 3 are all fixed on a support 7, the support 7 is positioned on the left side of the clamp 6, the automatic control part 8 of the rotary table is fixed in the middle of the support 7, the light path part 2 is positioned right above the rotary table 3, the CCD camera 1 is positioned right above the light path part 2, the CCD camera 1 and the automatic control part 8 of the rotary table are connected with a computer 9 for control and data processing, and the computer 9 is connected with the automatic control part 8 of the rotary table and the CCD camera 1 through electric wires; the computer 9 is connected to a result calculation and recording unit 10.
The device for fully automatically detecting the precision image of the vertical axis group of the total station is characterized in that the light path part 2 can further comprise an optical fiber 2a, a prism 2b and a lens 2 c; the light emitted from the optical fiber 2a is reflected by the prism 2b and enters the lens 2c, and the lens 2c converts the light into parallel light.
The device for full-automatic detection of precision images of the vertical shaft group of the total station is characterized in that the clamp 6 can comprise a foot screw, and the inclination angle of the vertical shaft group 5 relative to the upper vertical axis and the lower vertical axis can be adjusted by adjusting the foot screw.
The specific detection steps are as follows:
clamping a vertical shaft group 5 to be detected in a clamp 6, and placing a plane reflective mirror 4 on the upper end surface of a vertical shaft 5 a;
inputting the number of the vertical shaft group 5 to be detected in the computer, sending a command by the computer 9, controlling a stepping motor in the turntable 3 to rotate for one circle by the turntable automatic control part 8, completing the rotation for a plurality of steps for one circle, wherein the interval of each step is at least 2 seconds to ensure that the vertical shaft 5a is stable before the next step of rotation, and driving the vertical shaft group 5 to rotate for one circle while the turntable 3 rotates; when the vertical shaft 5a rotates, the plane reflector 4 on the end surface rotates synchronously for one circle, and parallel light emitted by the light path part 2 enters the CCD camera 1 after being reflected by the plane reflector 4 on the upper end surface of the vertical shaft;
and step three, fitting an ellipse by the computer 9 according to the image shot by the CCD, simultaneously calculating the major and minor axes a and b of the ellipse, taking | a-b |/2 as the precision value of the vertical axis group 5, and recording and storing.
In the above method, before the first step, the method further includes a step of adjusting the optical fiber 2a to a focus of the front lens 2c of the optical path portion 2, so that the light emitted from the optical path portion 2 is parallel light.
The method described above further includes, after the first step, a step of adjusting the leg screw of the jig 6 so that the image of the optical fiber reflected by the plane mirror 4 is substantially at the center of the camera CCD 1.
Compared with the existing bubble manual detection method of manufacturers, the method can automatically complete the measurement of the precision of the vertical shaft group, has good stability, improves the measurement precision by more than 10 times, improves the efficiency by nearly 5 times compared with the existing method, and greatly improves the working enthusiasm of workers. Meanwhile, the improvement of the self-measuring precision of the total station has great influence on the whole measuring field of the total station.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the detecting device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a frame a in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of the frame B in fig. 1.
FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of the detecting device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will more fully understand the invention and better practice it, reference is now made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to like parts: 1-a CCD camera; 2 — an optical path portion; 2 a-an optical fiber; 2 b-a beam splitting prism; 2 c-a lens; 3, rotating the platform; 4-a planar mirror; 5, a vertical shaft group; 5 a-vertical axis; 5 b-vertical shaft sleeve; 6, clamping; 7, a bracket; 8-automatic control part of the turntable; 9-a computer; 10-result calculating and recording unit.
Referring to fig. 1 to fig. 3, the apparatus for full-automatic detection of vertical axis group precision images of a total station according to the present invention includes: the device comprises a CCD camera 1, an optical path part 2, a rotary table 3, a plane reflector 4, a vertical axis group 5, a clamp 6, a support 7, a rotary table automatic control part 8, a computer 9 and a result calculation and recording unit 10; the vertical shaft group 5 comprises a vertical shaft 5a similar to a cylinder and a circular vertical shaft sleeve 5b positioned outside the vertical shaft, the vertical shaft sleeve 5b is fixed in the clamp 6, and the planar reflector 4 is placed on the upper end face of the vertical shaft 5a and used for reflecting light to the CCD camera 1; the rotary table 3 is positioned right above the vertical shaft group 5 and is controlled to rotate by the automatic rotary table control part 8, and the rotary table 3 only applies tangential force to the vertical shaft 5a so that the vertical shaft 5a and the rotary table 3 can synchronously rotate; the CCD camera 1, the light path part 2 and the rotary table 3 are all fixed on a support 7, the support 7 is positioned on the left side of the clamp 6, the automatic control part 8 of the rotary table is fixed in the middle of the support 7, the light path part 2 is positioned right above the rotary table 3, the CCD camera 1 is positioned right above the light path part 2, the CCD camera 1 and the automatic control part 8 of the rotary table are connected with a computer 9 for control and data processing, and the computer 9 is connected with the automatic control part 8 of the rotary table and the CCD camera 1 through electric wires; the computer 9 is connected to a result calculation and recording unit 10.
The device for fully automatically detecting the precision image of the vertical axis group of the total station is characterized in that the light path part 2 can further comprise an optical fiber 2a, a prism 2b and a lens 2 c; the light emitted from the optical fiber 2a is reflected by the prism 2b and enters the lens 2c, and the lens 2c converts the light into parallel light.
The device for full-automatic detection of precision images of the vertical axis group of the total station is characterized in that the clamp 6 can comprise a foot screw, and the inclination angle of the vertical axis group 5 can be adjusted by adjusting the foot screw.
Referring to fig. 4, and referring to fig. 1 to 3, when the fixture 6 clamps the vertical axis group 5, the computer 9 issues a measurement command, the turntable automatic control portion 8 controls the turntable 3 to rotate, the turntable 3 rotates and simultaneously drives the vertical axis 5a to rotate, meanwhile, the parallel light emitted from the light path portion 2 is reflected by the plane mirror 4 on the upper end surface of the vertical axis and enters the CCD camera 1, the computer 9 reads the coordinate information of the image obtained by the CCD camera 1, rotates for a plurality of steps to read the coordinate information of a plurality of images, the computer 9 fits the coordinate information of the plurality of images into an ellipse, calculates the major and minor axes a and b of the ellipse, and uses | a-b |/2 as the precision value of the vertical axis group and sends the precision value to the result calculating and recording unit 10 for recording and storage.
The specific detection steps are as follows:
clamping a vertical shaft group 5 to be detected in a clamp 6, and placing a plane reflective mirror 4 on the upper end surface of a vertical shaft 5 a;
inputting the number of the vertical shaft group 5 to be detected in the computer, sending a command by the computer 9, controlling a stepping motor in the turntable 3 to rotate for one circle by the turntable automatic control part 8, completing the rotation for a plurality of steps for one circle, wherein the interval of each step is at least 2 seconds to ensure that the vertical shaft 5a is stable before the next step of rotation, and driving the vertical shaft group 5 to rotate for one circle while the turntable 3 rotates; when the vertical shaft 5a rotates, the plane reflector 4 on the end surface rotates synchronously for one circle, and parallel light emitted by the light path part 2 enters the CCD camera 1 after being reflected by the plane reflector 4 on the upper end surface of the vertical shaft;
and step three, fitting an ellipse by the computer 9 according to the image shot by the CCD, simultaneously calculating the major and minor axes a and b of the ellipse, taking | a-b |/2 as the precision value of the vertical axis group 5, and recording and storing.
In the above method, before the first step, the method further includes a step of adjusting the optical fiber 2a to a focus of the lens 2c at the front end of the optical path portion 2, so that the light emitted from the optical path portion 2 is parallel light.
The method described above further includes, after the first step, a step of adjusting the leg screw of the jig 6 so that the image of the optical fiber reflected by the plane mirror 4 is substantially at the center of the camera CCD 1.
The number in the invention is a number or code number coded for the vertical shaft group, and is used for storing the vertical shaft group and the measured value thereof in a one-to-one correspondence manner, thereby facilitating factory management.
The pin screw can be regarded as one part of the clamp, the clamp has three pin screws in total, the included angle between the upper end surface of the clamp and the horizontal plane is adjusted at three angles of the outer diameter of the clamp, the vertical shaft group is clamped in the clamp, namely the included angle between the planar reflector at the upper end surface of the vertical shaft and the horizontal plane can be adjusted, and the pin screw is adjusted until the reflected light spot can be imaged in the central area of the CCD camera.
By describing the embodiments of the present invention in the disclosure, other embodiments can be developed by those skilled in the art based on the working principle of the technology of the present invention, and therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is in accordance with the maximum scope of the principle disclosed herein.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a full automated inspection's of total powerstation vertical axis group precision image device which characterized in that includes: the device comprises a CCD camera (1), a light path part (2), a rotary table (3), a plane reflector (4), a vertical shaft group (5), a clamp (6), a support (7), a rotary table automatic control part (8), a computer (9) and a result calculating and recording unit (10); the vertical shaft group (5) comprises a cylindrical vertical shaft (5 a) and a circular vertical shaft sleeve (5 b) positioned outside the vertical shaft, the vertical shaft sleeve (5 b) is fixed in the clamp (6), and the planar reflector (4) is placed on the upper end face of the vertical shaft (5 a) and used for reflecting light to the CCD camera (1); the rotary table (3) is positioned right above the vertical shaft group (5), the rotation is controlled by the automatic rotary table control part (8), and the rotary table (3) only applies tangential force to the vertical shaft (5 a) to ensure that the vertical shaft (5 a) and the rotary table (3) can synchronously rotate; the CCD camera (1), the light path part (2) and the rotary table (3) are all fixed on a support (7), the support (7) is located on the left side of the clamp (6), the automatic rotary table control part (8) is fixed in the middle of the support (7), the light path part (2) is located right above the rotary table (3), the CCD camera (1) is located right above the light path part (2), the CCD camera (1) and the automatic rotary table control part (8) are connected with a computer (9) used for control and data processing, and the computer (9) is connected with the automatic rotary table control part (8) and the CCD camera (1) through electric wires; the computer (9) is connected with the result calculation and recording unit (10); the optical path part (2) comprises an optical fiber (2 a), a prism (2 b) and a lens (2 c); light emitted by the optical fiber (2 a) enters the lens (2 c) after being reflected by the prism (2 b), and the lens (2 c) enables the light to be changed into parallel light; parallel light emitted by the light path part enters the CCD camera after being reflected by a plane reflector on the upper end surface of the vertical shaft; and the computer processes the images shot by the CCD to obtain the precision value of the vertical shaft group.
2. The device for full-automatic detection of precision images of vertical axis group of total station as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that said fixture (6) has a foot screw.
3. A method for detecting precision by using a device for full-automatic detection of precision images of a vertical axis group of a total station, according to claim 1, said method comprising the following steps:
clamping a vertical shaft group to be detected in a clamp, and placing a plane reflector on the upper end surface of a vertical shaft;
inputting the serial number of the vertical shaft group to be detected in a computer, sending a command by the computer, controlling a stepping motor in the turntable to rotate for one circle by an automatic control part of the turntable, completing one circle by a plurality of steps at intervals of at least 2 seconds for each step so as to ensure that the vertical shaft is stable before the next step of rotation, and driving the vertical shaft group to rotate for one circle while the turntable rotates; when the vertical shaft rotates, the plane reflector on the end surface rotates synchronously for a circle, and parallel light emitted by the optical path part enters the CCD camera after being reflected by the plane reflector on the upper end surface of the vertical shaft;
and step three, fitting an ellipse by the computer according to an image shot by the CCD, simultaneously calculating the major axis and the minor axis a and b of the ellipse, taking | a-b |/2 as the precision value of the vertical axis group, and recording and storing.
4. A method for detecting precision by using the device for full-automatic detection of precision images of vertical axis group of total station, according to claim 2, said method comprising the following steps:
clamping a vertical shaft group to be detected in a clamp, and placing a plane reflector on the upper end surface of a vertical shaft;
inputting the serial number of the vertical shaft group to be detected in a computer, sending a command by the computer, controlling a stepping motor in a turntable to rotate for one circle by an automatic control part of the turntable, completing the one circle by a plurality of steps at intervals of at least 2 seconds to ensure that the vertical shaft is stable before the next step of rotation, and driving the vertical shaft group to rotate for one circle while the turntable rotates; when the vertical shaft rotates, the plane reflector on the end surface rotates synchronously for a circle, and parallel light emitted by the optical path part enters the CCD camera after being reflected by the plane reflector on the upper end surface of the vertical shaft;
and step three, fitting an ellipse by the computer according to an image shot by the CCD, simultaneously calculating the major axis and the minor axis a and b of the ellipse, taking | a-b |/2 as the precision value of the vertical axis group, and recording and storing.
5. The method for detecting the accuracy of the device for full-automatic detection of the precision images of the vertical axis group of the total station as claimed in claim 3 or claim 4, wherein the angle of rotation of each of said plurality of steps is equal.
6. The method for detecting the precision of an apparatus for full-automatic detection of images of vertical axis group precision of a total station as claimed in claim 5, wherein before the step one, a step of adjusting the optical fiber to the focus of the front lens of the optical path portion is further performed, so that the light emitted from the optical path portion is parallel light.
7. The method for detecting the precision of the device for full-automatic detection of images of the vertical axis group precision of the total station as claimed in claim 5, wherein after the step one, the step of adjusting the leg screw of the fixture to make the image of the light emitted from the optical fiber after being reflected by the plane mirror be located at the middle position of the CCD of the camera is further performed.
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