CN106767013A - 一种花生管式汽车散热器 - Google Patents

一种花生管式汽车散热器 Download PDF

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CN106767013A
CN106767013A CN201611248297.9A CN201611248297A CN106767013A CN 106767013 A CN106767013 A CN 106767013A CN 201611248297 A CN201611248297 A CN 201611248297A CN 106767013 A CN106767013 A CN 106767013A
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peanut
tube
fin
radiator
automobile radiators
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周玉珍
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Shanghai Delang Auto Parts Manufacturing Co Ltd
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Shanghai Delang Auto Parts Manufacturing Co Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/053Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
    • F28D1/0535Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/02Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular
    • F28F1/04Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular polygonal, e.g. rectangular
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/14Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending longitudinally
    • F28F1/22Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending longitudinally the means having portions engaging further tubular elements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/06Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
    • F28F13/12Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media by creating turbulence, e.g. by stirring, by increasing the force of circulation
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/08Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
    • F28F21/081Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
    • F28F21/084Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from aluminium or aluminium alloys
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2275/00Fastening; Joining
    • F28F2275/14Fastening; Joining by using form fitting connection, e.g. with tongue and groove

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种花生管式汽车散热器,所述的散热器为装配式散热器,包括散热管(1)和散热片(2),所述的散热管(1)和散热片(2)垂直连接,其特征在于,所述的散热管(1)为花生管。与现有技术相比,本发明花生管与散热片的散热接触面积大,可以在管内形成紊流,具有散热效果好、成本低、环境污染小等优点。

Description

一种花生管式汽车散热器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种汽车散热器,尤其是涉及一种花生管式汽车散热器。
背景技术
汽车散热器主要有圆管形的装配式散热器和扁管形的铝钎焊散热器两种,装配式散热器的散热圆管与散热片的结构如图1所示,其中装配式散热器具有制作成本低的优点,但当其与铝钎焊散热器的体积相等时,散热片与圆管接触面为环形,散热管的直径为6~8mm,接触面积较小,散热性较差;而铝钎焊散热器材料成本比装配式散热器成本高50%左右,制作过程中造成废气、烟及钎料的排放,会造成大气污染。因此需要一种既考虑到清洁生产、又考虑到散热性能的散热器。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是为了克服上述现有技术存在的缺陷而提供一种生产成本低、散热性能好的花生管式汽车散热器。
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案来实现:
一种花生管式汽车散热器,所述的散热器为装配式散热器,包括散热管和散热片,所述的散热管和散热片垂直连接,所述的散热管为花生管。
所述的散热片上设有与所述花生管形状匹配的翻边孔。
所述的翻边孔设有两排。
所述的散热片上设有用于限定相邻散热片之间间距的定距翻边孔。
所述的散热管横截面两头呈圆弧形,中间段为矩形,中间段与两头通过直线段过渡。
所述的散热器为铝装配式散热器。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下优点:
(1)在散热管体积相等的情况下,与传统的圆管形散热管相比,花生管与散热片的散热接触面积大,散热效果好。
(2)散热片上与花生管形状匹配的翻边孔设有两排,即每个散热片与两排花生管连接,结构紧凑,有利于形成紊流,加速流体扰动,快速散热。
(3)散热管横截面两头呈圆弧形,中间段为矩形,中间段与两头通过直线段过渡,有利于形成湍流,加工制造成本低。
(4)铝装配式散热器密度低,重量轻,成本低、生产环境污染小。
附图说明
图1为现有圆管式散热器的截面结构示意图;
图2为本实施例花生管式散热器的截面结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。本实施例以本发明技术方案为前提进行实施,给出了详细的实施方式和具体的操作过程,但本发明的保护范围不限于下述的实施例。
实施例
散热器的主要工作原理为冷却发动机缸壁流动的冷冻液,当发动机工作时所产生的热量通过水泵将缸壁内流动的冷却液流动带走热量。通过液体的流动将这些热量流入到散热器中去,散热器的内部液体通过管子与散热片接触的换热、散热管直接与外界空气的换热后使散热器内部的冷冻液进行冷却。冷却的液体通过水泵再将液体流入发动机的缸壁中去对发动机进行冷却,从而使发动机正常运行。
本实施例花生管是铝装配式散热器的一种异型管,是在铝装配的物理结构基础上进行的管型与散热片的形状开发,在同等的表面积情况下与原来相比接触面积环比增加了45%左右,产品内部的流态流向状态也发生了较大的变化,从而提高了产品的散热性能。
如图2所示,本实施例花生管式汽车散热器为装配式散热器,包括散热管1和散热片2,散热管1和散热片2垂直连接,散热管1为花生管。
散热片2上设有与所述花生管形状匹配的翻边孔,即花生形状的翻边孔,该翻边孔设有两排,与单排孔相比,进一步加大了花生管的散热面积。
散热片2上设有用于限定相邻散热片2之间间距的定距翻边方孔,翻边方孔的翻边高度的两倍即为散热片之间的间距。
散热管1横截面两头呈圆弧形,中间段为矩形,中间段与两头通过直线段过渡。
散热器为铝装配式散热器。
散热性能的优异在同等的芯体面积下,散热管与散热片(带)接触的面积大小是直接影响散热性能的主要因素之一,故现在从技术上来进行分析,将本实施例的花生管散热器与现有的圆管装配式散热器及铝钎焊式散热器进行比较,以下数据来自同款汽车散热器的不同形式。
一)散热面积比较
1)在单片相同面积下,散热片圆孔与管子接触的周长与面积的比较:
a)圆管散热片与花生管散热片与圆管接触的管孔周长比较:
花生管数据的周长:4.3668×2+6.6779×2=22.0894mm;
圆管直径为7mm的周长为L=π×7=3.14×7=21.9911mm。
2)散热片与散热管的接触面积的比较
a)装配式的圆管式散热片排列如图1,由于为圆管直径面积有限,只能排下44根管子,圆管直径7mm的接触散热面积:
S=21.9911×1=21.9911mm2
在414.5×23mm的散热片上有44根管子,整个散热器的面积为S2=21.991×650×44=0.628942mm2
b)装配式花生管散热片布局如图2,同样的414.5×24mm的散热片上,花生管的片子上可以排列108根管子。
花生管孔的接触散热面积:
S=22.0894×0.6=13.25364mm2
在414.5×24mm的散热片上有108根管子,整个散热器的面积为S1=13.2536×650×108=0.930402m2
鉴于以上原因,圆管式的装配式散热器原则上不能多排列管子,故引用了钎焊式的管带排列,应用在装配式的产品上,以增加的管子数量来增加接触面积以达到提高散热性能的功效,同时也降低了钎焊散热器的成本。
总的比例=圆管的散热面积/花生管散热面积=0.628942/0.9304020=0.676
因此,汽车散热器圆管式装配形式和扁管形式的铝钎焊式散热器特点,如表1所示:
表1铝装配散热器与铝钎焊散热器比较
鉴于以上铝装配式与铝钎焊式散热器各有优势与劣势的差异,故本实施例综合利用二种形式的优势,在铝装配式散热器的涨管、扩口机械加工的原理上,结合铝钎焊散热器的管带配合原理(即钎焊的扁管)上设计现有的花生管散热器,即可以在有限的空间尺寸内,将散热片上设计成花生管的形状以增加散热管与散热片的接触面积,更大效应地增加散热性能,性能于表1中列出。
二)热性能的紊流理论
在相同的水泵流量情况下,越是小的流通小面积比流通大的面积流通接触更充分,流通面积大呈现为层流状态、流通面积小的流通状态为紊流状态,具体热传动与液态流动分析如下:
1)管内流动与换热的数值模拟
1.1)数学模型及算法
在作理论计算之前,先设定研究对象。现取两种用于桑塔纳散热水箱上的单管作为研究对象,其几何尺寸见表2所示。
表2管子几何尺寸
现设定两散热水箱体积流量相同,经计算,圆单管管内流速为2.28m/s,扁管单管的管内流速为1.44m/s。进口水温相同,均为85℃,管子外表面采用温度壁面边界条件,流体按常物性,忽略管壁厚度的导热热阻,流体出口为出流,按三维稳态层流数学模型。
1.2)数学模型如下:
质量守恒方程:
动量守恒方程:
能量守恒方程:
2)模拟结果分析
根据两者单管的流场和温度场的云图,可知圆管沿管长的速度变化不如花生管快且边界层也厚。而对两温度变化情况分析,圆管的最低壁温比扁管高(大约高3℃),另外,由计算得到两出口温度比较也可知,圆管的出口温度为346K(73℃),花生管的出口温度为337K(64℃),两者相差9K,因此由分析可得出圆管的传热要差于花生管。但从压力流阻情况来看,显然扁管要大于圆管,这也相符流动和传热的变化规律。
三)实施效果
1)在芯体同等体积下性能对比报告如表3所示
表3三种散热器性能对比
2)经济上的比较,在同等的体积下,如表4所示
表4三种散热器经济性对比
3)环境影响,如表5所示
表5三种散热管的环境影响比较
本实施例花生管是铝装配式散热器的一种异型管,是在铝装配的物理结构基础上进行的管型与散热片的形状开发,在同等的表面积情况下与原来相比接触面积环比增加了45%左右,产品内部的流态流向状态也发生了较大的变化,从而提高了产品的散热性能。

Claims (6)

1.一种花生管式汽车散热器,所述的散热器为装配式散热器,包括散热管(1)和散热片(2),所述的散热管(1)和散热片(2)垂直连接,其特征在于,所述的散热管(1)为花生管。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种花生管式汽车散热器,其特征在于,所述的散热片(2)上设有与所述花生管形状匹配的翻边孔。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种花生管式汽车散热器,其特征在于,所述的翻边孔设有两排。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种花生管式汽车散热器,其特征在于,所述的散热片(2)上设有用于限定相邻散热片(2)之间间距的定距翻边孔。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种花生管式汽车散热器,其特征在于,所述的散热管(1)横截面两头呈圆弧形,中间段为矩形,中间段与两头通过直线段过渡。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种花生管式汽车散热器,其特征在于,所述的散热器为铝装配式散热器。
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Application publication date: 20170531