CN106755898B - Compressed air quenching device - Google Patents
Compressed air quenching device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106755898B CN106755898B CN201611215786.4A CN201611215786A CN106755898B CN 106755898 B CN106755898 B CN 106755898B CN 201611215786 A CN201611215786 A CN 201611215786A CN 106755898 B CN106755898 B CN 106755898B
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- compressed air
- air
- upper mold
- mold
- quenching
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/02—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for springs
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/56—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering characterised by the quenching agents
- C21D1/613—Gases; Liquefied or solidified normally gaseous material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
- C21D1/667—Quenching devices for spray quenching
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0062—Heat-treating apparatus with a cooling or quenching zone
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of compressed air quenching device, belongs to clutch processing technique field.The purpose of the present invention is the liquid hardening in quenching technical is changed to the compressed air quenching device of compressed air quenching.The present invention is made of upper die body and lower mold body, and upper die body structure is：Upper mold is mounted on by bolt on upper frame plate, peripheral board is cased with outside upper mold, there is upper pallet below peripheral board, and it is mounted on upper frame plate by bolt with peripheral board, peripheral board side is provided with coaming plate air flue, the upper mold air flue come round with coaming plate air flue is provided in upper mold side, it is inflatable chamber inside upper mold and comes round with upper mold air flue, upper cover plate is installed below by bolt in upper mold, there is cover board air cavity corresponding with inflatable chamber in upper cover plate, venthole is provided at cover board air cavity on upper cover plate, venthole corresponds to the workpiece lay down location of lower mold body.Present device is simple to operation, is only improved the upper die body structure of existing stamping equipment, does not have to that lower mold body is transformed, so that it may to cool down diaphragm spring by compressed air.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to clutch processing technique fields.
Background technology
Diaphragm spring is the critical component of diaphragm spring clutch, and diaphragm spring performance directly affects the comprehensive of clutch assembly
Close performance.Diaphragm spring mainly uses heat treatment process, and mostly using 251 aqueous solutions in diaphragm spring finger tip of the same trade quenching quenches
Fire.
Using aqueous organopolysiloxane quenching, there are segmental defects：
1, film spring finger tip quenching mode quenches for 251 quenching liquids, in process of production since cleaning is not thorough, causes individual
There is phenomenon of getting rusty in film spring, rejection rate is caused persistently to rise.Quality risk is concurrently there are, the risk is uncontrollable.
2, in quenching process, 251 quenching liquid temperature can change with workpiece quenching, and temperature is uncontrollable, no
It can guarantee the consistency of its product finger tip hardness.
3, after the quenching of 251 quenching liquids, cleaning machine HIGH TEMPERATURE PURGE need to be passed through, then clear water cleaning drains tempering.Productive temp
Long, personnel's operation intensity is big.
4,251 quenching liquids belong to dangerous waste solution, and national requirements for environmental protection forbids arbitrarily discharge, and it is necessary to have related qualifications
Company be recycled.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is the liquid hardening in quenching technical is changed to the compressed air quenching of compressed air quenching dress
It sets.
The present invention is made of upper die body and lower mold body, and upper die body structure is：Upper mold is mounted on by bolt on upper frame plate,
It is cased with peripheral board outside upper mold, has upper pallet below peripheral board, and be mounted on upper frame plate by bolt with peripheral board, periphery
Plate side is provided with coaming plate air flue, is provided with the upper mold air flue come round with coaming plate air flue in upper mold side, be inside upper mold inflatable chamber simultaneously
Come round with upper mold air flue, upper cover plate is installed below by bolt in upper mold, there is cover board gas corresponding with inflatable chamber in upper cover plate
Chamber is provided with venthole at the cover board air cavity on upper cover plate, and venthole corresponds to the workpiece lay down location of lower mold body.
The present invention quenching technical be：
1. the diaphragm spring after high frequency heats is placed in lower die, and corresponding under venthole；
2. upper die body falls at this time, until upper pallet lower surface is contacted with lower mold body upper surface, at this point, diaphragm spring is placed in
In the workpiece slot below upper cover plate on upper die body；
3. compressor passes sequentially through coaming plate air flue, upper mold air flue to inflatable chamber and cover board air cavity injecting compressed air, compress
Air quickly fills with inflatable chamber and cover board air cavity；
4. since venthole aperture is smaller, diaphragm spring is carried out so compressed air is sprayed from venthole high-voltage high-speed again
It is quickly cooled down；
After 5. cooling is good, upper die body is moved up, diaphragm spring is taken out.
Present device is simple to operation, is only improved the upper die body structure of existing stamping equipment, do not have to pair
Lower mold body is transformed, so that it may to be cooled down to diaphragm spring by compressed air.Since diaphragm spring is during Cooling Quenching
Any liquid is not contacted, so, the phenomenon that getting rusty would not be generated, while solving all presence of existing 251 quenching liquid cooling
The shortcomings that.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is schematic structural view of the invention；
Fig. 2 is upper cover plate structure schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is Fig. 2 B-B schematic diagrames of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is made of upper die body and lower mold body 11,
Upper die body structure is：Upper mold 9 is mounted on by bolt on upper frame plate 7, and peripheral board 6, peripheral board are cased with outside upper mold 9
6 have upper pallet 8 below, and are mounted on upper frame plate 7 by bolt with peripheral board 6, and 6 side of peripheral board is provided with coaming plate air flue 5,
The upper mold air flue 4 come round with coaming plate air flue 5 is provided in 9 side of upper mold, 9 inside of upper mold is inflatable chamber 3 and thinks with upper mold air flue 4
It is logical, upper cover plate 1 is installed below by bolt in upper mold 9, there is cover board air cavity 2 corresponding with inflatable chamber 3, upper cover in upper cover plate 1
Venthole 10 is provided at cover board air cavity 2 on plate 1, venthole 10 corresponds to the workpiece lay down location of lower mold body 11.
Since the present invention is the improvement carried out on the basis of existing stamping equipment, so, lower mold body 11 does not make any changes,
Original structure form is kept, structure of modification only has been carried out to upper die body.
The present invention quenching technical flow be：
1. the diaphragm spring after high frequency heats is placed in lower die 11, and corresponding under venthole 10；
2. upper die body falls at this time, until 8 lower surface of upper pallet is contacted with lower mold body upper surface, at this point, diaphragm spring is set
In workpiece slot 12 below the upper cover plate 1 on upper die body；
3. compressor passes sequentially through coaming plate air flue 5, upper mold air flue 4 to 2 injecting compressed air of inflatable chamber 3 and cover board air cavity,
Compressed air quickly fills with inflatable chamber 3 and cover board air cavity 2；
4. since 10 aperture of venthole is smaller, so compressed air is sprayed from 10 high-voltage high-speed of venthole to diaphragm spring again
It is quickly cooled down；
After 5. cooling is good, upper die body is moved up, diaphragm spring is taken out.
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with reality：Be described below is by taking 235 diaphragm springs as an example
It is described
The present invention mainly replaces 251 aqueous solutions to quench with the quenching of compressed air quenching finger tip.
1, quenching principle is the workpiece after heating, and then with the cooling rate rapid cooling workpiece more than critical cooling rate, is allowed to
Reach quenching effect.
2, diaphragm spring finger tip quenching technical is quenched by compressed air quenching instead of 251 quenching liquids.
3, compression compressed air quenching unitary mould is made（Such as Fig. 1）.Hose is connected to be passed through compression in coaming plate air flue 5
Air ensures that its finger tip hardness reaches technological requirement to ensure diaphragm spring finger tip quenching effect.Compressed air enters inflation
The intracavitary of chamber 3 and cover board air cavity 2, intracavitary volume are 0.265m3, according to the empty flow velocity of compression（As lower section calculates）, compressed air exists
It can will be full of in cylinder in 1.5S, after compressed air is full of 2 intracavitary of inflatable chamber 3 and cover board air cavity, along guiding, by compressed air
It being shunted such as Fig. 2, from 10 position of venthole, graceful high speed flows out after shunting, is 2.5mm according to aperture bore dia is calculated, and
Φ50mm（Its finger tip position is substantially on 50 circumference of Φ by taking 235 diaphragm springs as an example）Bore the aperture of 30 a diameter of 2.5mm, tool
Body calculates as follows：
1, the heat transfer process of compressed air cooling：
When a branch of compressed air stream directive needs cooling workpiece surface, wherein only sub-fraction air-flow can be arrived vertically
Up to workpiece surface, most of air-flow bends, with workpiece surface PARALLEL FLOW.The vertical air molecule for reaching workpiece surface touches
Heat is taken away in a manner of conducting to when red-hot workpiece surface, cooling efficiency is higher, and with workpiece surface PARALLEL FLOW
Air molecule can only make heat convection according to boundary layer theory and the low speeds flow boundary layer gas close to workpiece surface.Pass through side
Interlayer cools down again, and cooling efficiency is extremely low.
Cooling velocity is improved it is necessary to break through boundary layer, increases the throughput for the workpiece surface that goes directly, it is therefore desirable to improve spray
The speed for going out air-flow, reaches supersonic airstream, and so that compressed air spouting velocity is reached supersonic speed must just use Bearing score
That spray orifice.
2, Lavalle spray orifice principle：
Sweden engineer Lavalle in 1883 is found when manufacturing steam turbine after having the steam of enough pressure formerly to shrink
Very high gas flow rate can be obtained by being expanded on spray orifice, and such spray orifice is referred to as Lavalle spray orifice.
Usual gas is declined by pressure when the caliber of contraction, and flow velocity increases, and when being restored to original caliber, pressure is again
Rise, flow velocity reduces.If cut pipe after expansion segment, allow in jet-impingement to air, situation is expanding with regard to different
Section gas will continue expansion by enough pressure makes pressure further decline, and expansion makes gas flow rate further increase
Add, to obtain high-speed flow.Under the Parameter Conditions of enough pressure and correct Lavalle spray orifice, gas can be more than velocity of sound
Several times.
3, Lavalle spray orifice designs：
The purpose of design Lavalle spray orifice is to obtain supersonic airstream, and air-flow wants uniformity.
Most important geometric parameter is larynx diameter d in spray orifice designc, other parameters are from him.DcDepending on stable section air
Pressure P0With the air mass flow by spray orifice（Mass flow Q or volume flow V）.
The aerodynamics approximate formula for calculating dc is available：Do not strangle formula
Dc=0.353[v/(p0+1)]1/2t01/4
Pass through the volume of air of spray orifice under the v--- status of criterion per hour
P0The gauge pressure of-stable section air（Relative pressure Mpa）
T0--- the absolute temperature of stable section air, generally 313K -323K (40 degree of -50 degree)
dc----throat diameter（mm）
Diameter 15mm compressed air lines, compressed air pressure is used to set up position 0.6Mpa, therefore root according to production scene
According to formula：V=Πr2* v, and P0=p/2*v2Calculate pipeline by volume of air.
P is that compressed air density is 1.2 kilograms per cubic meter
0.6*106=1.2/2*v2The meter per seconds of v=1000
V=3.14*（0.015/2）2* 1000=0.176 cube of meter per second
=10.6 cubic meters per minute=632 cube m/h
By taking 235 diaphragm springs as an example, there are 15 fingers, design drawing 1,30 holes on upper cover plate, so each spray orifice flow
For：632/30=21.1 cube m/h.
So according to formula：Dc=0.353[v/(p0*10+1)]1/2*t0 1/4
Obtain Dc=0.353*[21.1/7]1/2*3231/4=2.63
In view of the pressure loss and interference in air flow effect of pipeline, calculated value should subtract 0.1-0.2mm, therefore Dc=2.43-
2.53mm.Theoretical calculation, Fig. 1, bore diameter 2.5mm.
From such as Fig. 2, diaphragm spring finger tip can be carried out by the compressed air that venthole is the outflow of 2.5mm diameter apertures
Be quickly cooled down, cooling time 10S（10S obtains for repetition test）, to reach quenching effect, compressed air is stopped after 10S,
Signal is connected, upper die body moves up supreme restraining position, and manipulator is grabbed caudacoria flat spring workpiece is quenched to discharge zone, then next
Part diaphragm spring continues to carry out perseveration processing according to this flow.
Experimental verification：
1, by using compressed air quenching, diaphragm spring finger tip does not connect with liquid quenching medium for diaphragm spring finger tip quenching
It touches, workpiece phenomenon of getting rusty significantly declines, and rejection rate is down to 0.024% by original 1.12%.
2, by taking 180 serial diaphragm springs as an example, 100 films of each production are quenched using compressed air quenching and 251 aqueous solutions
Flat spring is compared, and diaphragm spring finger tip hardness requirement is 55-60HRC, and hardness distribution is as follows：
Table 1：Compressed air quenching hardness distribution table
2251 aqueous solution quenching hardness distribution table of table
Compressed air quenching hardness deviation is 1.5HRC, and 251 aqueous solution quenching hardness deviations are 2.7HRC, diaphragm spring
Finger tip hardening media uses compressed air, hardening media itself to have good stability, and excludes the influence factors such as temperature, solubility.
Compressed air finger tip quenching production 100, heating time 3S, pressure are used in diaphragm spring finger tip quenching process
The contracting air hardening time is 10S, and after processing finished product, in 25 DEG C of room temperature, relative humidity 52% placed 10 days, find no and get rusty
Sign.And under same environment, after the quenching of 251 aqueous solutions, placing 10 days has 6 to get rusty.
After diaphragm spring finger tip quenching is by using compressed air quenching, do not contacted with liquid quenching medium, without cleaning,
It reduces productive temp and is promoted to 1800 by original class's production 1440, reduce personnel's operation intensity.
After diaphragm spring finger tip quenching is by using compressed air quenching, 251 quenching liquid discharging of waste liquid are not necessarily to, country is met
Environmental requirement.
To the diaphragm spring progress load test of compressed air finger tip quenching, peak-to-valley value 438/220, subsequent installation cover is total
At having done 300,000,600,000 cap assembly Dynamic Separation durability tests respectively, indices reach technology requirement, after experiment
Peak-to-valley value is respectively 432/219,416/219.Meanwhile in the totally 4500 diaphragm spring production of 5 batches of assembly subsidiary factory assembly
Each item data 100% meets the requirement of assembly technology in the process.
Be changed to compressed air quenching, do not use 251 quenching liquids, whole year use about 600 kilograms of quenching liquid, 20 yuan of per kilogram,
Quenching liquid saves 1.2 ten thousand yuan, and annual output is about 500,000, saves the waste product amount of money=50（1.12%-0.024%) * 7=3.836 yuan,
Group is 4850 yuan total in making mold and other fees in activity, saves the amount of money=3.836+1.2=5.036 ten thousand yuan.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of compressed air quenching device, it is characterised in that：It is by upper die body and lower mold body（11）It constitutes, upper die body structure
It is：Upper mold（9）It is mounted on upper frame plate by bolt（7）On, in upper mold（9）It is cased with peripheral board outside（6）, peripheral board（6）Have below
Upper pallet（8）, and and peripheral board（6）It is mounted on upper frame plate by bolt（7）On, peripheral board（6）Side is provided with coaming plate air flue
（5）, in upper mold（9）Side is provided with and coaming plate air flue（5）The upper mold air flue communicated（4）, upper mold（9）Inside is inflatable chamber（3）And
With upper mold air flue（4）It communicates, in upper mold（9）Upper cover plate is installed below by bolt（1）, upper cover plate（1）Inside have and inflatable chamber
（3）Corresponding cover board air cavity（2）, upper cover plate（1）On cover board air cavity（2）Place is provided with venthole（10）, venthole（10）It is corresponding
Lower mold body（11）Workpiece lay down location.
2. the quenching technical of compressed air quenching device described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：
1. the diaphragm spring after high frequency heats is placed in lower die（11）On, and it is corresponding in venthole（10）Under；
2. upper die body falls at this time, until upper pallet（8）Lower surface is contacted with lower mold body upper surface, at this point, diaphragm spring is placed in
Upper cover plate on upper die body（1）Following workpiece slot（12）It is interior；
3. compressor passes sequentially through coaming plate air flue（5）, upper mold air flue（4）To inflatable chamber（3）With cover board air cavity（2）Injection compression is empty
Gas, compressed air quickly fill with inflatable chamber（3）With cover board air cavity（2）；
4. due to venthole（10）Aperture is smaller, so compressed air is again from venthole（10）High-voltage high-speed is sprayed to diaphragm spring
It is quickly cooled down；
After 5. cooling is good, upper die body is moved up, diaphragm spring is taken out.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611215786.4A CN106755898B (en) | 2016-12-26 | 2016-12-26 | Compressed air quenching device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611215786.4A CN106755898B (en) | 2016-12-26 | 2016-12-26 | Compressed air quenching device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106755898A CN106755898A (en) | 2017-05-31 |
| CN106755898B true CN106755898B (en) | 2018-07-24 |
Family
ID=58925631
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611215786.4A Active CN106755898B (en) | 2016-12-26 | 2016-12-26 | Compressed air quenching device |
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Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS60121216A (en) * | 1983-12-01 | 1985-06-28 | Denki Kogyo Kk | Apparatus for producing belleville spring member |
| CN2521224Y (en) * | 2001-12-30 | 2002-11-20 | 毛新伟 | Clutch diaphragm spring deformation thermal treatment moulding |
| CN1546879A (en) * | 2003-12-11 | 2004-11-17 | 高纪清 | Molding pressed quench method and apparatus for automobile clutch metal disks accessory |
| CN201553757U (en) * | 2009-09-21 | 2010-08-18 | 湖北大帆汽车零部件有限公司 | Quenching die of clutch diaphragm spring |
| CN202576490U (en) * | 2012-04-01 | 2012-12-05 | 上海萨克斯动力总成部件系统有限公司 | Diaphragm spring pressure quenching mould |
| CN202936454U (en) * | 2012-11-01 | 2013-05-15 | 苏州市润凯汽车配件制造有限公司 | Thermal treatment pressure quenching tool for clutch diaphragm spring |
| CN204874645U (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2015-12-16 | 湖北大帆汽车零部件有限公司 | Diaphragm spring quenching mould |
| CN105714078A (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2016-06-29 | 重庆业高家具有限公司 | Diaphragm spring mould pressing thermoforming quenching process |
| CN206607277U (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-11-03 | 长春一东离合器股份有限公司 | Compressed air quenching device |
-
2016
- 2016-12-26 CN CN201611215786.4A patent/CN106755898B/en active Active
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS60121216A (en) * | 1983-12-01 | 1985-06-28 | Denki Kogyo Kk | Apparatus for producing belleville spring member |
| CN2521224Y (en) * | 2001-12-30 | 2002-11-20 | 毛新伟 | Clutch diaphragm spring deformation thermal treatment moulding |
| CN1546879A (en) * | 2003-12-11 | 2004-11-17 | 高纪清 | Molding pressed quench method and apparatus for automobile clutch metal disks accessory |
| CN201553757U (en) * | 2009-09-21 | 2010-08-18 | 湖北大帆汽车零部件有限公司 | Quenching die of clutch diaphragm spring |
| CN202576490U (en) * | 2012-04-01 | 2012-12-05 | 上海萨克斯动力总成部件系统有限公司 | Diaphragm spring pressure quenching mould |
| CN202936454U (en) * | 2012-11-01 | 2013-05-15 | 苏州市润凯汽车配件制造有限公司 | Thermal treatment pressure quenching tool for clutch diaphragm spring |
| CN105714078A (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2016-06-29 | 重庆业高家具有限公司 | Diaphragm spring mould pressing thermoforming quenching process |
| CN204874645U (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2015-12-16 | 湖北大帆汽车零部件有限公司 | Diaphragm spring quenching mould |
| CN206607277U (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-11-03 | 长春一东离合器股份有限公司 | Compressed air quenching device |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106755898A (en) | 2017-05-31 |
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