CN106750465A - 一种应用于环保移动厕所的塑木型材 - Google Patents

一种应用于环保移动厕所的塑木型材 Download PDF

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CN106750465A
CN106750465A CN201611248137.4A CN201611248137A CN106750465A CN 106750465 A CN106750465 A CN 106750465A CN 201611248137 A CN201611248137 A CN 201611248137A CN 106750465 A CN106750465 A CN 106750465A
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parts
flame
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雷忠平
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Anhui Ke Lante Aluminum Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种应用于环保移动厕所的型材，包括芯材与阻燃层，所述芯材由含以下质量百分比组分的原料制得：废旧塑料20～36份、农作物秸秆25～70份、聚乙烯接枝马来酸酐1～10份；塑木型材的上下左右四壁包覆有阻燃层，所述阻燃层由以下重量份的材料组成：酚醛树脂10～20份、过氯乙烯10～20份、醋酸丁酯20～30份、纳米氧化锌10～20份、珍珠岩1～2份、蛭石2～3份、润滑剂0.1～3份、抗氧剂0.01～1份、着色剂0.5～3份；本发明比普通塑木型材具有更高的耐污、阻燃能力。采用废旧的塑料和农作物秸秆作为芯材原料，降低成本。

Description

一种应用于环保移动厕所的塑木型材
技术领域
本发明涉及塑木型材技术领域，尤其涉及一种应用于环保移动厕所的塑木型材。
背景技术
移动厕所所使用的塑木型材，基础为高密度聚乙烯和木质纤维，这种材料决定了塑木型材具有良好的加工性能，良好的强度性能，耐水、耐腐性能，使用寿命长，优良的可调整性能，具有紫外线光稳定性，这些性能使塑木型材替代实体木材，在建筑行业得到越来越广泛的应用。
但是，塑木型材在室外长时间使用，不断地经受硬物的摩擦、污渍的侵袭及日晒、风吹、雨淋等，不可避免的会造成磨损、污染及老化，缩短其使用寿命。
目前，多采用在木塑板材中添加阻燃剂的方式来提高木塑板材的阻燃性，即先对木质纤维进行干燥、粉碎处理成木粉，然后对木粉进行改性处理，最后再进行聚合生成再生木。比如氢氧化铝、硼酸锌等，虽然具有无毒物污染的优点，但用于填充量很高的高分子复合材料尤其是木塑复合材料，也存在很大劣势，因为这类阻燃剂本身在基体中就需要很高的填充量，为了达到合适的阻燃性能添加量通常要60％以上。阻燃剂高的添加含量不仅导致最终产品的高密度和弹性性能的缺失，而且会带来混合、挤出方面的问题。
发明内容
针对上述问题，本发明提供一种应用于环保移动厕所的塑木型材,不仅具有耐磨、耐刮擦、抗污和阻燃等优良特性，而且对环境友好。
本发明所采用的技术方案如下：
一种应用于环保移动厕所的塑木型材，包括芯材与阻燃层，其特征在于，所述芯材由含以下质量百分比组分的原料制得：废旧塑料20～36份、农作物秸秆25～70份、聚乙烯接枝马来酸酐1～10份；
所述废旧塑料包括相同重量份的低压聚乙烯、聚丙烯和乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物；
所述塑木型材的上下左右四壁包覆有阻燃层，所述阻燃层由以下重量份的材料组成：酚醛树脂10～20份、过氯乙烯10～20份、醋酸丁酯20～30份、纳米氧化锌10～20份、珍珠岩1～2份、蛭石2～3份、润滑剂0.1～3份、抗氧剂0.01～1份、着色剂0.5～3份；
所述环保移动厕所的塑木型材的制备方法包括以下步骤：
步骤一：将回收的废旧塑料进行分拣、破碎、清洗、干燥处理后，加入到高速混合机中充分混匀备用，混合时间为10～15分钟；
步骤二：将农作物秸秆经干燥、破碎成50～100目的农作物秸秆纤维粉；
步骤三：将经过步骤一处理的塑料与步骤二处理的农作物秸秆纤维粉和配方中的其它组分在高速混合机中充分混匀，混合时间控制在10～20分钟；
步骤四：将经过步骤三混匀后的混合料用双螺杆挤出机熔融共混，挤出造粒，加工温度为200～250℃，转速为150～180转/分钟；
步骤五：将经过步骤四制得的粒料，加入挤出机中挤出成型。
步骤六：利用研钵将所述阻燃层固体原料磨细，并过200～300目筛；
步骤七：利用恒温磁力搅拌器在40～55℃下高速搅拌20～30min，使所述阻燃层固体原料混合均匀；
步骤八：用刷子均匀地沿着所述芯材的纵横方向涂敷，使涂层厚度达到0.3～0.5mm，干燥24小时使耐火时间达到35min。
进一步的，所述农作物秸秆为棉花杆、小麦秸秆、锯末、木屑、花生壳、椰子壳、亚麻、稻壳、竹屑、麦秸、大豆皮、甘蔗渣中的两种或者两种以上的混合物。
进一步的，所述塑木型材的上下左右四壁以共挤出成型方式包覆有阻燃层。
进一步的，所述的润滑剂为硬脂酸、硬脂酸金属盐；硬脂酸金属盐优选为硬脂酸钠、硬脂酸钙或硬脂酸锌；
所述的抗氧剂为抗氧剂168、抗氧剂264、抗氧剂DLTP中的一种或几种的组合；
所述的着色剂为二氧化钛、炭黑、铁红、铁黄、钛青绿或钛青蓝。
本发明的有益效果为：本发明所采用的酚醛树脂和过氯乙烯为阻燃涂层的成膜物质，醋酸丁脂为阻燃涂层的溶剂，酚醛树脂、过氯乙烯和醋酸丁酯用于确保阻燃层与芯材的结合力，同时提高阻燃层的硬度，纳米氧化锌用于提高材料的耐磨性，阻燃层致密不亲水，比普通塑木型材具有更高的耐污能力。在阻燃涂层中加入蛭虫和珍珠岩，提高阻燃性能。采用废旧的塑料和农作物秸秆作为芯材原料，实现废物利用，变废为宝，节约原料，降低成本。
具体实施方式
以下结合最佳实施例对本发明作进一步详述。
实施例1
一种应用于环保移动厕所的塑木型材，包括芯材与阻燃层，其特征在于，所述芯材由含以下质量百分比组分的原料制得：废旧塑料20份、农作物秸秆25份、聚乙烯接枝马来酸酐1份；其中废旧塑料包括相同重量份的低压聚乙烯、聚丙烯和乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物；农作物秸秆为棉花杆、小麦秸秆、锯末、木屑、花生壳、椰子壳、亚麻、稻壳、竹屑、麦秸、大豆皮、甘蔗渣中的两种或者两种以上的混合物。
塑木型材的上下左右四壁以共挤出成型方式包覆有阻燃层，所述阻燃层由以下重量份的材料组成：酚醛树脂10份、过氯乙烯10份、醋酸丁酯20份、纳米氧化锌10份、珍珠岩1份、蛭石2份、润滑剂0.1份、抗氧剂0.01份、着色剂0.5份；其中，润滑剂为硬脂酸、硬脂酸金属盐；硬脂酸金属盐优选为硬脂酸钠、硬脂酸钙或硬脂酸锌；抗氧剂为抗氧剂168、抗氧剂264、抗氧剂DLTP中的一种或几种的组合；着色剂为二氧化钛、炭黑、铁红、铁黄、钛青绿或钛青蓝。
所述环保移动厕所的塑木型材的制备方法包括以下步骤：
步骤一：将回收的废旧塑料进行分拣、破碎、清洗、干燥处理后，加入到高速混合机中充分混匀备用，混合时间为10分钟；
步骤二：将农作物秸秆经干燥、破碎成50目的农作物秸秆纤维粉；
步骤三：将经过步骤一处理的塑料与步骤二处理的农作物秸秆纤维粉和配方中的其它组分在高速混合机中充分混匀，混合时间控制在10分钟；
步骤四：将经过步骤三混匀后的混合料用双螺杆挤出机熔融共混，挤出造粒，加工温度为200℃，转速为150转/分钟；
步骤五：将经过步骤四制得的粒料，加入挤出机中挤出成型。
步骤六：利用研钵将所述阻燃层固体原料磨细，并过200目筛；
步骤七：利用恒温磁力搅拌器在40℃下高速搅拌20min，使所述阻燃层固体原料混合均匀；
步骤八：用刷子均匀地沿着所述芯材的纵横方向涂敷，使涂层厚度达到0.3mm，干燥24小时使耐火时间达到35min。
实施例2
一种应用于环保移动厕所的塑木型材，包括芯材与阻燃层，其特征在于，所述芯材由含以下质量百分比组分的原料制得：废旧塑料36份、农作物秸秆70份、聚乙烯接枝马来酸酐10份；其中废旧塑料包括相同重量份的低压聚乙烯、聚丙烯和乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物；农作物秸秆为棉花杆、小麦秸秆、锯末、木屑、花生壳、椰子壳、亚麻、稻壳、竹屑、麦秸、大豆皮、甘蔗渣中的两种或者两种以上的混合物。
塑木型材的上下左右四壁以共挤出成型方式包覆有阻燃层，所述阻燃层由以下重量份的材料组成：酚醛树脂20份、过氯乙烯20份、醋酸丁酯30份、纳米氧化锌20份、珍珠岩2份、蛭石3份、润滑剂3份、抗氧剂1份、着色剂3份；其中，润滑剂为硬脂酸、硬脂酸金属盐；硬脂酸金属盐优选为硬脂酸钠、硬脂酸钙或硬脂酸锌；抗氧剂为抗氧剂168、抗氧剂264、抗氧剂DLTP中的一种或几种的组合；着色剂为二氧化钛、炭黑、铁红、铁黄、钛青绿或钛青蓝。
所述环保移动厕所的塑木型材的制备方法包括以下步骤：
步骤一：将回收的废旧塑料进行分拣、破碎、清洗、干燥处理后，加入到高速混合机中充分混匀备用，混合时间为15分钟；
步骤二：将农作物秸秆经干燥、破碎成100目的农作物秸秆纤维粉；
步骤三：将经过步骤一处理的塑料与步骤二处理的农作物秸秆纤维粉和配方中的其它组分在高速混合机中充分混匀，混合时间控制在20分钟；
步骤四：将经过步骤三混匀后的混合料用双螺杆挤出机熔融共混，挤出造粒，加工温度为250℃，转速为180转/分钟；
步骤五：将经过步骤四制得的粒料，加入挤出机中挤出成型。
步骤六：利用研钵将所述阻燃层固体原料磨细，并过300目筛；
步骤七：利用恒温磁力搅拌器在55℃下高速搅拌30min，使所述阻燃层固体原料混合均匀；
步骤八：用刷子均匀地沿着所述芯材的纵横方向涂敷，使涂层厚度达到0.5mm，干燥24小时使耐火时间达到35min。
实施例3
一种应用于环保移动厕所的塑木型材，包括芯材与阻燃层，其特征在于，所述芯材由含以下质量百分比组分的原料制得：废旧塑料29份、农作物秸秆50份、聚乙烯接枝马来酸酐7份；其中废旧塑料包括相同重量份的低压聚乙烯、聚丙烯和乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物；农作物秸秆为棉花杆、小麦秸秆、锯末、木屑、花生壳、椰子壳、亚麻、稻壳、竹屑、麦秸、大豆皮、甘蔗渣中的两种或者两种以上的混合物。
塑木型材的上下左右四壁以共挤出成型方式包覆有阻燃层，所述阻燃层由以下重量份的材料组成：酚醛树脂15份、过氯乙烯15份、醋酸丁酯25份、纳米氧化锌15份、珍珠岩1.5份、蛭石2.2份、润滑剂1.5份、抗氧剂1.5份、着色剂1.5份；其中，润滑剂为硬脂酸、硬脂酸金属盐；硬脂酸金属盐优选为硬脂酸钠、硬脂酸钙或硬脂酸锌；抗氧剂为抗氧剂168、抗氧剂264、抗氧剂DLTP中的一种或几种的组合；着色剂为二氧化钛、炭黑、铁红、铁黄、钛青绿或钛青蓝。
所述环保移动厕所的塑木型材的制备方法包括以下步骤：
步骤一：将回收的废旧塑料进行分拣、破碎、清洗、干燥处理后，加入到高速混合机中充分混匀备用，混合时间为12分钟；
步骤二：将农作物秸秆经干燥、破碎成70目的农作物秸秆纤维粉；
步骤三：将经过步骤一处理的塑料与步骤二处理的农作物秸秆纤维粉和配方中的其它组分在高速混合机中充分混匀，混合时间控制在15分钟；
步骤四：将经过步骤三混匀后的混合料用双螺杆挤出机熔融共混，挤出造粒，加工温度为225℃，转速为165转/分钟；
步骤五：将经过步骤四制得的粒料，加入挤出机中挤出成型。
步骤六：利用研钵将所述阻燃层固体原料磨细，并过250目筛；
步骤七：利用恒温磁力搅拌器在50℃下高速搅拌25min，使所述阻燃层固体原料混合均匀；
步骤八：用刷子均匀地沿着所述芯材的纵横方向涂敷，使涂层厚度达到0.4mm，干燥24小时使耐火时间达到35min。
以上对本发明的三个实施例进行了详细说明，但所述内容仅为本发明的较佳实施例，不能被认为用于限定本发明的实施范围。凡依本发明申请范围所作的均等变化与改进等，均应仍归属于本发明的专利涵盖范围之内。

Claims (4)

1.一种应用于环保移动厕所的型材，包括芯材与阻燃层，其特征在于，所述芯材由含以下质量百分比组分的原料制得：废旧塑料20～36份、农作物秸秆25～70份、聚乙烯接枝马来酸酐1～10份；
所述废旧塑料包括相同重量份的低压聚乙烯、聚丙烯和乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物；
所述型材的上下左右四壁包覆有阻燃层，所述阻燃层由以下重量份的材料组成：酚醛树脂10～20份、过氯乙烯10～20份、醋酸丁酯20～30份、纳米氧化锌10～20份、珍珠岩1～2份、蛭石2～3份、润滑剂0.1～3份、抗氧剂0.01～1份、着色剂0.5～3份；
所述环保移动厕所的型材的制备方法包括以下步骤：
步骤一：将回收的废旧塑料进行分拣、破碎、清洗、干燥处理后，加入到高速混合机中充分混匀备用，混合时间为10～15分钟；
步骤二：将农作物秸秆经干燥、破碎成50～100目的农作物秸秆纤维粉；
步骤三：将经过步骤一处理的塑料与步骤二处理的农作物秸秆纤维粉和配方中的其它组分在高速混合机中充分混匀，混合时间控制在10～20分钟；
步骤四：将经过步骤三混匀后的混合料用双螺杆挤出机熔融共混，挤出造粒，加工温度为200～250℃，转速为150～180转/分钟；
步骤五：将经过步骤四制得的粒料，加入挤出机中挤出成型；
步骤六：利用研钵将所述阻燃层固体原料磨细，并过200～300目筛；
步骤七：利用恒温磁力搅拌器在40～55℃下高速搅拌20～30min，使所述阻燃层固体原料混合均匀；
步骤八：用刷子均匀地沿着所述芯材的纵横方向涂敷，使涂层厚度达到0.3～0.5mm，干燥24小时使耐火时间达到35min。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种应用于环保移动厕所的型材，其特征在于，所述农作物秸秆为棉花杆、小麦秸秆、锯末、木屑、花生壳、椰子壳、亚麻、稻壳、竹屑、麦秸、大豆皮、甘蔗渣中的两种或者两种以上的混合物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种应用于环保移动厕所的型材，其特征在于，所述塑木型材的上下左右四壁以共挤出成型方式包覆有阻燃层。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种应用于环保移动厕所的型材，其特征在于，所述的润滑剂为硬脂酸、硬脂酸金属盐；硬脂酸金属盐优选为硬脂酸钠、硬脂酸钙或硬脂酸锌；
所述的抗氧剂为抗氧剂168、抗氧剂264、抗氧剂DLTP中的一种或几种的组合；
所述的着色剂为二氧化钛、炭黑、铁红、铁黄、钛青绿或钛青蓝。
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