CN106747332A - 一种高强度高韧性陶瓷材料 - Google Patents

一种高强度高韧性陶瓷材料 Download PDF

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CN106747332A
CN106747332A CN201611143432.3A CN201611143432A CN106747332A CN 106747332 A CN106747332 A CN 106747332A CN 201611143432 A CN201611143432 A CN 201611143432A CN 106747332 A CN106747332 A CN 106747332A
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parts
ceramic material
acetate
tenacity
intensity high
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王举
孙益民
芮定文
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ANHUI RUIYAN NEW MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH INSTITUTE Co Ltd
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ANHUI RUIYAN NEW MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH INSTITUTE Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供一种高强度高韧性陶瓷材料,由以下原料制成:锆英石、高岭土、纤维材料、碳化硅、二氧化钛、复合外加剂、氮化铝、碳酸钙、增韧剂、稳泡剂、醋酸盐、助溶剂。本发明高强度高韧性陶瓷材料具有良好的抗弯强度和断裂韧性、抗冲击性优良,且热稳定性能和耐腐蚀性能好,本发明高强度高韧性陶瓷材料还具有优良的耐高温、抗热震性能,因此使钛酸铝陶瓷得到实际应用,使其能够被广泛应用到工业生产中。

Description

一种高强度高韧性陶瓷材料
技术领域
本发明涉及陶瓷无机非金属材料技术领域,具体涉及一种高强度高韧性陶瓷材料。
背景技术
陶瓷材料是用天然或合成化合物经过成形和高温烧结制成的一类无机非金属材料,具有高的熔点,且在高温下具有极好的化学稳定性;其导热性低于金属材料,还是良好的隔热材料,当温度发生变化时,陶瓷具有良好的尺寸稳定性,陶瓷材料在高温下不易氧化,并对酸、碱、盐具有良好的抗腐蚀能力,且具有高耐磨性、耐氧化等优点,可用作结构材料、刀具材料。 在热和机械性能方面,陶瓷材料有耐高温、隔热、耐磨耗等优势;在化学方面有催化、耐腐蚀、吸附等功能;在生物方面,具有一定生物相容性能,可作为生物结构材料等。
鉴于陶瓷材料的种种特点,因此研究开发新型功能陶瓷是材料科学中的一个重要领域。 但是,经研究发现,陶瓷材料的优势特点很多但还是存在一些欠缺,比如抗拉强度较低,塑性和韧性很差,且性脆,易损坏,这限制了陶瓷材料的应用。
发明内容
针对现有技术不足,本发明提供一种高强度高韧性陶瓷材料,解决了现有技术中陶瓷材料抗拉强度较低、塑性差、韧性差、且性脆的技术问题。
为实现以上目的,本发明的技术方案通过以下技术方案予以实现:
一种高强度高韧性陶瓷材料,所述高强度高韧性陶瓷材料由以下重量份的原料制成:锆英石20-40份、高岭土25-45份、纤维材料10-20份、碳化硅3-10份、二氧化钛3-9份、复合外加剂5-10份、氮化铝3-10份、碳酸钙5-10份、增韧剂6-13份、稳泡剂4-12份、醋酸盐6-15份、助溶剂6-12份。
优选的,所述高强度高韧性陶瓷材料由以下重量份的原料制成:锆英石25-35份、高岭土30-40份、纤维材料11-18份、碳化硅5-8份、二氧化钛4-8份、复合外加剂6-9份、氮化铝5-9份、碳酸钙6-8份、增韧剂7-11份、稳泡剂6-10份、醋酸盐8-13份、助溶剂8-11份。
优选的,所述高强度高韧性陶瓷材料由以下重量份的原料制成:锆英石30份、高岭土35份、纤维材料15份、碳化硅7份、二氧化钛6份、复合外加剂8份、氮化铝7份、碳酸钙8份、增韧剂9份、稳泡剂8份、醋酸盐10份、助溶剂9份。
优选的,所述增韧剂为氧化铝、氧化锆、碳化钛中的一种。
优选的,所述复合外加剂为硫酸钠、三乙醇胺、有机硅中的至少一种。
优选的,所述醋酸盐为乙酸钠、乙酸钾、乙酸铵、乙酸铅、乙酸锌中的至少一种。
优选的,所述助溶剂为碳酸钠、硝酸钠、氟硅酸钠、乙二胺盐中的至少一种。
优选的,所述稳泡剂为硼酸、氧化铁、磷酸钠中的至少一种。
优选的,所述纤维材料为碳纤维、玻璃纤维、矿渣纤维、莫来石纤维中的一种。
本发明提供一种高强度高韧性陶瓷材料,与现有技术相比优点在于:
本发明高强度高韧性陶瓷材料具有良好的抗弯强度和断裂韧性、抗冲击性优良,且热稳定性能和耐腐蚀性能好,其抗弯强度能够达到1500-1598Mpa,断裂韧性能够达到16.2-17.5Mpa·m1/2,本发明高强度高韧性陶瓷材料还具有优良的耐高温、抗热震性能,因此使钛酸铝陶瓷得到实际应用,使其能够被广泛应用到工业生产中;
本发明原料中加入纤维材料,能够增强材料的韧性,纤维的引入不仅提高了陶瓷材料的韧性,更重要的是使陶瓷材料的断裂行为发生了根本性变化,由原来的脆性断裂变成了非脆性断裂;本发明采用锆英石、碳化硅、二氧化钛、氮化铝、碳酸钙、增韧剂再配合其他原料,制成高强度高韧性的陶瓷材料,该材料的硬度高,并且有优良的韧性,耐磨蚀性强,不易碎,不易产生划痕。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面结合本发明实施例对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1:
本实施例高强度高韧性陶瓷材料由以下重量份的原料制成:锆英石20份、高岭土25份、纤维材料10份、碳化硅3份、二氧化钛3份、复合外加剂5份、氮化铝3份、碳酸钙5份、增韧剂6份、稳泡剂4份、醋酸盐6份、助溶剂6份。
其中增韧剂为氧化铝;醋酸盐为乙酸铵;助溶剂为碳酸钠,稳泡剂为磷酸钠;纤维材料为碳纤维。
实施例2:
本实施例高强度高韧性陶瓷材料由以下重量份的原料制成:锆英石30份、高岭土35份、纤维材料15份、碳化硅7份、二氧化钛6份、复合外加剂8份、氮化铝7份、碳酸钙8份、增韧剂9份、稳泡剂8份、醋酸盐10份、助溶剂9份。
其中增韧剂为碳化钛;醋酸盐为乙酸钠、乙酸钾、乙酸铵混合而成;助溶剂为氟硅酸钠,稳泡剂为氧化铁;纤维材料为碳纤维。
实施例3:
本实施例高强度高韧性陶瓷材料由以下重量份的原料制成:锆英石40份、高岭土45份、纤维材料20份、碳化硅10份、二氧化钛9份、复合外加剂10份、氮化铝10份、碳酸钙10份、增韧剂13份、稳泡剂12份、醋酸盐15份、助溶剂12份。
其中增韧剂为氧化铝;醋酸盐为乙酸钾;助溶剂为碳酸钠,稳泡剂为硼酸和氧化铁混合而成;纤维材料为矿渣纤维。
实施例4:
本实施例高强度高韧性陶瓷材料由以下重量份的原料制成:锆英石25份、高岭土30份、纤维材料11份、碳化硅5份、二氧化钛4份、复合外加剂6份、氮化铝5份、碳酸钙6份、增韧剂7份、稳泡剂6份、醋酸盐8份、助溶剂8份。
其中增韧剂为碳化钛;醋酸盐为乙酸铵;助溶剂为硝酸钠,稳泡剂为氧化铁;纤维材料为玻璃纤维。
实施例5:
本实施例高强度高韧性陶瓷材料由以下重量份的原料制成:锆英石35份、高岭土40份、纤维材料18份、碳化硅8份、二氧化钛8份、复合外加剂9份、氮化铝9份、碳酸钙8份、增韧剂11份、稳泡剂10份、醋酸盐13份、助溶剂11份。
其中增韧剂为氧化锆;醋酸盐为乙酸钠;助溶剂为碳酸钠,稳泡剂为碳酸钠、硝酸钠、氟硅酸钠、乙二胺盐混合而成;纤维材料为莫来石纤维。
将实施例1-实施例5制备的高强度高韧性陶瓷材料和常规配方制得的陶瓷材料进行性能测试,结构见表1。
表1 不同样品材料性能测试结果
项目 实施例1 实施例2 实施例3 实施例4 实施例5 对比例
抗弯强度/Mpa 1500 1598 1580 1565 1572 1203
断裂韧性/Mpa•m1/2 16.2 17.5 16.5 17.0 17.1 14.2
由表1可看出,本发明高强度高韧性陶瓷材料,其抗弯强度能够达到1500-1598Mpa,断裂韧性能够达到16.2-17.5Mpa•m1/2,本发明高强度高韧性陶瓷材料的抗弯强度和断裂韧性均优于对比例。
综上所述,本发明原料中加入纤维材料,能够增强材料的韧性,纤维的引入不仅提高了陶瓷材料的韧性,更重要的是使陶瓷材料的断裂行为发生了根本性变化,由原来的脆性断裂变成了非脆性断裂;本发明采用锆英石、碳化硅、二氧化钛、氮化铝、碳酸钙、增韧剂再配合其他原料,制成高强度高韧性的陶瓷材料,该材料的硬度高,并且有优良的韧性,耐磨蚀性强,不易碎,不易产生划痕。
需要说明的是,以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (9)

1.一种高强度高韧性陶瓷材料,其特征在于,所述高强度高韧性陶瓷材料由以下重量份的原料制成:锆英石20-40份、高岭土25-45份、纤维材料10-20份、碳化硅3-10份、二氧化钛3-9份、复合外加剂5-10份、氮化铝3-10份、碳酸钙5-10份、增韧剂6-13份、稳泡剂4-12份、醋酸盐6-15份、助溶剂6-12份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高强度高韧性陶瓷材料,其特征在于,所述高强度高韧性陶瓷材料由以下重量份的原料制成:锆英石25-35份、高岭土30-40份、纤维材料11-18份、碳化硅5-8份、二氧化钛4-8份、复合外加剂6-9份、氮化铝5-9份、碳酸钙6-8份、增韧剂7-11份、稳泡剂6-10份、醋酸盐8-13份、助溶剂8-11份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的高强度高韧性陶瓷材料,其特征在于,所述高强度高韧性陶瓷材料由以下重量份的原料制成:锆英石30份、高岭土35份、纤维材料15份、碳化硅7份、二氧化钛6份、复合外加剂8份、氮化铝7份、碳酸钙8份、增韧剂9份、稳泡剂8份、醋酸盐10份、助溶剂9份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的高强度高韧性陶瓷材料,其特征在于:所述增韧剂为氧化铝、氧化锆、碳化钛中的一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的高强度高韧性陶瓷材料,其特征在于:所述复合外加剂为硫酸钠、三乙醇胺、有机硅中的至少一种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的高强度高韧性陶瓷材料,其特征在于:所述醋酸盐为乙酸钠、乙酸钾、乙酸铵、乙酸铅、乙酸锌中的至少一种。
7.根据权利要求1所述的高强度高韧性陶瓷材料,其特征在于:
所述助溶剂为碳酸钠、硝酸钠、氟硅酸钠、乙二胺盐中的至少一种。
8.根据权利要求1所述的高强度高韧性陶瓷材料,其特征在于:所述稳泡剂为硼酸、氧化铁、磷酸钠中的至少一种。
9.根据权利要求1所述的高强度高韧性陶瓷材料,其特征在于:
所述纤维材料为碳纤维、玻璃纤维、矿渣纤维、莫来石纤维中的一种。
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Application publication date: 20170531