CN106744942A - The preparation method and preparation facilities of a kind of activated coke - Google Patents
The preparation method and preparation facilities of a kind of activated coke Download PDFInfo
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- CN106744942A CN106744942A CN201611239427.2A CN201611239427A CN106744942A CN 106744942 A CN106744942 A CN 106744942A CN 201611239427 A CN201611239427 A CN 201611239427A CN 106744942 A CN106744942 A CN 106744942A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to activated coke technical field, more particularly to a kind of activated coke preparation method and preparation facilities.It is obtained in that specific pore volume is larger, specific surface area is higher, the preferable activated coke of absorption property.The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of activated coke, including：Step 1) be there is into gasification reaction or pyrolytic reaction in coal dust, to obtain the semicoke with preset structure parameter；Wherein, the preset structure parameter refer to the phosphorus content of the semicoke more than or equal to 80%, specific pore volume is more than or equal to 0.2cm3/ g, granularity is less than or equal to 250 microns；Step 2) there is priming reaction with activator and obtain activated coke in the semicoke that will be obtained.The embodiment of the present invention is used for the preparation of activated coke.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to activated coke technical field, more particularly to a kind of activated coke preparation method and preparation facilities.
Background technology
Activated coke is a kind of porous carbonaceous materials, with many mesoporous and macroporous structures, cigarette to be used for frequently as adsorbent
In the technical field such as gas purification and water process.
In the preparation method of existing activated coke, generally with coal as raw material, coal is made by broken, charing and activation
Standby activated coke, the specific pore volume and specific surface area of the activated coke for being obtained is smaller so that activated coke it is active low, absorption property compared with
Difference, limits the application of activated coke.Due in the specific pore volume of activated coke, specific surface area and absorption property and whole course of reaction
Reaction condition it is all relevant, therefore, seek that a kind of activity is higher, the preparation technology of the preferable activated coke of absorption property turns into research
Focus.
The content of the invention
Embodiments of the invention provide the preparation method and preparation facilities of a kind of activated coke, be obtained in that specific pore volume it is larger,
Specific surface area is higher, the preferable activated coke of absorption property.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, embodiments of the invention are adopted the following technical scheme that：
On the one hand, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of activated coke, including：
Step 1) be there is into gasification reaction or pyrolytic reaction in coal dust, to obtain the semicoke with preset structure parameter；Wherein,
The preset structure parameter refers to that the phosphorus content of the semicoke is more than or equal to 80%, and specific pore volume is more than or equal to 0.2cm3/ g, granularity
Less than or equal to 250 microns；
Step 2) there is priming reaction with activator and obtain activated coke in the semicoke that will be obtained.
Preferably, the temperature of the gasification reaction is 850-1000 DEG C, and pressure is 5-10MPa；
The temperature of the pyrolytic reaction is 800-1200 DEG C, and pressure is 0.5-10MPa.
Optionally, the activator is the vapor that temperature is 400-550 DEG C.
Optionally, the temperature of the priming reaction is 800-900 DEG C, and the time of the priming reaction is 0.5-3h.
Optionally, the carbon in the semicoke and the mass ratio of the activator are 1:1-8:1.
Optionally, in the step 2) as described before method also includes：
The temperature of the semicoke is maintained at the first temperature；Or, when the temperature of the semicoke is less than first temperature
When, the semicoke is preheated to first temperature；Wherein, the difference between first temperature and the temperature of the priming reaction
The absolute value of value is less than or equal to 300 DEG C.
Optionally, the speed of the preheating is 20-30 DEG C/min.
Optionally, the coal dust is that volatile matter is more than or equal to 30%, low-order coal of the ash content less than or equal to 20%.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of preparation facilities for activating Jiao, is applied to preparation side as described above
Method, including：
Gasification furnace, the gasification furnace includes coke discharging mouthful, and the gasification furnace is used to make coal dust gasification reaction occur or be pyrolyzed anti-
Semicoke should be generated；
Cylindrical shell, the cylindrical shell is obliquely installed, and the inside of the cylindrical shell is respectively preheating zone from top to bottom
Domain and activating area, are provided with semicoke import at the top of the cylindrical shell, set on the side wall corresponding to the activating area
There is activator import, the coke discharging mouthful of the gasification furnace is used with the semicoke inlet communication of the cylindrical shell, the activator import
In being passed through activator.
Optionally, the activating area is provided with agitating device；
The agitating device is used to be stirred the semicoke for entering the activating area so that the semicoke is under agitation
Move from top to bottom.
Optionally, the acclivitous one end of the cylindrical shell is provided with preheating gas import, and the preheated zone is close to
Gas distributor is provided with the preheating gas import, the gas distributor includes central distribution plate and is looped around described
The annular spread plate of central distribution plate periphery, the inner side of the annular spread plate is fixed with the periphery of the central distribution plate to be connected
Connect, the peripheral inwall with the cylindrical shell of the annular spread plate is fixedly connected, is distributed with the annular spread plate
One through hole, is distributed with the second through hole on the central distribution plate, the first through hole it is straight with diameter greater than second through hole
Footpath.
Optionally, the annular spread plate is horn-like, and court is away from the direction flaring of the preheating gas import.
Optionally, the gas distributor also include gas distribution tube, the first end of the gas distribution tube with it is described in
The periphery of heart distribution grid is fixedly connected, the second end towards near the preheating gas import direction extend, and with the pre- hot gas
Body inlet communication, third through-hole is distributed with the gas distribution tube.
Optionally, the activator import is multiple, and to be listed in activating area institute to white-out right by close from top to bottom
On the side wall answered.
Optionally, the side wall perimeter of the activating area is provided with heating interlayer；
Coil pipe is provided between the side wall and the heating interlayer of the activating area, import is offered on the coil pipe,
And the outlet with the activator inlet communication of the activating area, the import of the coil pipe is for being passed through water or vapor.
Optionally, the preparation facilities also includes activated coke collection device, and the activated coke collection device includes housing, institute
State housing and be provided with activated coke import, solid outlet and gas vent, wherein, the solid outlet is arranged on the bottom of the housing
Portion, the gas vent is arranged on the top of the housing；
The activated coke inlet communication of the downward-sloping one end of the cylindrical shell and the housing.
The preparation method and preparation facilities of a kind of activated coke are the embodiment of the invention provides, gasified reverse is passed through by by coal dust
Answer or pyrolytic reaction semicoke of the generation with preset structure parameter so that the phosphorus content of the semicoke is higher, and specific pore volume is larger, grain
Degree it is smaller, the semicoke and the activator carry out priming reaction prepare activated coke when, due to the semicoke phosphorus content compared with
Height, therefore, be conducive to semicoke to carry out pore-creating with activator reaction, because the specific pore volume of the semicoke is larger, described in activation
Activator can enter inside the semicoke, be conducive to reaming, and because the granularity of the semicoke is smaller, can increase described half
The burnt contact area with the activator, increases activation rate, and in sum, the embodiment of the present invention is by the reaction to institute's activated coke
The structure of raw material semicoke is optimized, when the semicoke carries out priming reaction with the activator, it is possible to increase the semicoke
With the activation effect of the activator such that it is able to obtain that specific pore volume is larger, specific surface area is higher and absorption property is preferable
Activated coke.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic flow sheet of the preparation method of activated coke provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural representation of the preparation facilities of activated coke provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is a kind of sectional view of the gas distributor provided in an embodiment of the present invention on B-B ' directions.
Specific embodiment
The preparation method and preparation facilities to a kind of activated coke provided in an embodiment of the present invention are carried out in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings
Thin description.
On the one hand, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of activated coke, referring to Fig. 1, including：
Step 1) be there is into gasification reaction or pyrolytic reaction in coal dust, to obtain the semicoke with preset structure parameter；Wherein,
The preset structure parameter refers to that the phosphorus content of the semicoke is more than or equal to 80%, and specific pore volume is more than or equal to 0.2cm3/g, granularity
Less than or equal to 250 microns；
Step 2) there is priming reaction with activator and obtain activated coke in the semicoke that will be obtained.
Wherein, gasification reaction refers to coal dust and gasifying agent under the conditions of middle temperature (800-1000 DEG C), high pressure (5-10MPa)
The process of reaction generation methane, tar and semicoke.Pyrolytic reaction refers to that coal is heated under anaerobic or oxygen lean conditions and is decomposed into rough coal
The process of gas and tar.
A kind of preparation method of activated coke is the embodiment of the invention provides, by the way that coal dust is anti-by gasification reaction or pyrolysis
The semicoke with preset structure parameter should be generated so that the phosphorus content of the semicoke is higher, and specific pore volume is larger, and granularity is smaller,
When the semicoke carries out priming reaction preparation activated coke with the activator, because the phosphorus content of the semicoke is higher, therefore, have
Pore-creating is carried out beneficial to semicoke and activator reaction, because the specific pore volume of the semicoke is larger, the activator can in activation
Into inside the semicoke, be conducive to reaming, and because the granularity of the semicoke is smaller, the semicoke can be increased with the work
The contact area of agent, increases activation rate, and in sum, the embodiment of the present invention is by the reaction raw materials semicoke to institute's activated coke
Structure is optimized, when the semicoke carries out priming reaction with the activator, it is possible to increase the semicoke and the activation
The activation effect of agent such that it is able to obtain that specific pore volume is larger, specific surface area is higher and the preferable activated coke of absorption property.
Wherein, the semicoke of preset structure parameter can be obtained by controlling the condition of gasification reaction or the condition of pyrolytic reaction
.
In one embodiment of the invention, the temperature of the gasification reaction is 850-1000 DEG C, and pressure is 5-10MPa；It is described
The temperature of pyrolytic reaction is 800-1200 DEG C, and pressure is 0.5-10MPa.
It is found through experiments that, in temperatures above and pressure limit, is obtained in that with the preset structure parameter half
Jiao, prepares to produce activity activated coke higher.
, wherein it is desired to explanation, gasification reaction is the process gasified to coal in gasifying agent atmosphere, pyrolytic reaction
It is the process being pyrolyzed to coal in anaerobic or oxygen deprivation atmosphere.
Wherein, the gasifying agent that the gasification reaction is used is not limited, the gasifying agent can steam selected from hydrogen gas and water
One or several mixed gas in gas, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide.
Preferably, the gasifying agent that the gasification reaction is used is hydrogen-rich gas.The semicoke for so being obtained is active
High the characteristics of, because：In hydrogen-rich atmosphere, hydrogen preferentially occupies active sites, it is to avoid given birth to by gasification surface activity carbon position
Into accessory substance or the destruction of other gasifying agents, it is ensured that the pore structure and phosphorus content of semicoke, and can be excellent in activation process
First it is desorbed, priming reaction occurs beneficial to active sites and activator.
Wherein, the activator is not limited, activator is to refer to that physics occurs with semicoke (main component is carbon)
Or chemical reaction, the material of pore-creating is carried out to the semicoke.It is the most frequently used such as the mixed gas of vapor, vapor and oxygen
Deng.
In one embodiment of the invention, the activator is the vapor that temperature is 400-550 DEG C.On the one hand, vapor
Cheap and easy to get, on the other hand, because the specific heat of water vapour is larger, when uniform temperature is heated to, required heat is more, because
This, for identical heater, steam heating is more difficult to temperature higher.Semicoke passes through in gasification
The obtained vapor of condensed water heat exchange is generally remained in the temperature range, therefore the vapor in the temperature range is convenient easy
.
It is of course also possible to disperse sylvite in the semicoke or the semicoke is activated using sylvite steam, this
Because：Potassium ion in sylvite can be combined generation reactive intermediate with the active sites in the semicoke such that it is able to be promoted
The carrying out of priming reaction.
Wherein, the mass ratio that the semicoke occurs priming reaction with the activator is not limited.Due to anti-in activation
Should during, the priming reaction of semicoke and the activator, is in fact that the carbon in semicoke carries out pore-creating in the presence of activator
Process, if the carbon in the semicoke is too low with the mass ratio of vapor, excessive vapor can cause hole to cave in so that
The yield of activated coke is relatively low, and intensity is too low, if the carbon in the semicoke is too high with the mass ratio of vapor, causes the semicoke
In carbon activation it is insufficient, cause obtained activated coke porosity and activity relatively low.
Preferably, the carbon in the semicoke and the mass ratio of the activator are 1:1-8:1.By the carbon in the semicoke and
The mass ratio of the activator is kept within the range, while enabling to the carbon in semicoke fully to activate, it is to avoid hole occurs
Gap is caved in, and improves the activity and porosity of activated coke.
Wherein, the temperature and time to the priming reaction is not limited.The temperature and time of the priming reaction is to institute
The activity function for stating semicoke has a very big impact, activated if the temperature of the priming reaction is too low it is insufficient, conversely, then institute
The yield of the activated coke of acquisition is relatively low.
Preferably, the temperature of the priming reaction is 800-900 DEG C, and the time of the priming reaction is 0.5-3h.Keep
The time of the second temperature and priming reaction, the active yield of coke for being obtained can reach 50-60% within the above range, and
Absorption property is optimal.
, wherein it is desired to explanation, when the semicoke for being obtained is cooled to room temperature, priming reaction is heated to by the semicoke
Required temperature carries out priming reaction, and at this moment, the semicoke can cause hole wall surface to ftracture because temperature rise is excessive, and hole collapses
Collapse, meanwhile, the temperature-difference of the temperature of semicoke and the priming reaction is excessive to occur sintering phenomenon, so as to the work can be influenceed
Property burnt activity function.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step 2) as described before method also includes：
The temperature of the semicoke is maintained at the first temperature；Or, when the temperature of the semicoke is less than first temperature
When, the semicoke is preheated to first temperature；Wherein, the difference between first temperature and the temperature of the priming reaction
The absolute value of value is less than or equal to 300 DEG C.In such manner, it is possible to protect the temperature difference of the temperature of the temperature of the semicoke and the priming reaction
Hold within 300 DEG C such that it is able to avoid temperature rise excessive and cause hole wall surface to ftracture, hole caves in, while, additionally it is possible to avoid
Excessive temperature differentials between the temperature of the temperature of semicoke and the priming reaction and there is sintering phenomenon such that it is able to improve the work
Property burnt activity function.
Wherein, the concrete operations that the temperature for keeping the semicoke is the first temperature are not limited, in the coal dust
After generation gasification reaction or pyrolytic reaction generation semicoke, the semicoke is deposited in institute by the condensation water cooling in gasification furnace
The bottom of gasification furnace is stated, at this moment, the temperature of the semicoke is 400-700 DEG C, therefore, it can the gasification reaction by being carried out continuously
Or pyrolytic reaction keeps the temperature of the semicoke in first temperature, when needing to activate the semicoke, will
It carries out priming reaction with the activator in draining into priming reaction region at a temperature of priming reaction, it is of course also possible to will
Semicoke is incubated in draining into warmer to it, holds it in first temperature.
Wherein, the concrete operations to the preheating are not also limited, and the semicoke can be drained into temperature environment higher
In preheated, its temperature is heated to first temperature by after heat exchange.
Wherein, the speed to the preheating is not limited.
Preferably, the speed of the preheating is 20-30 DEG C/min.The semicoke is slowly heated up by preheating, energy
Enough reduce hole wall cracking and hole caves in, keep the structural parameters of the semicoke within a preset range.
Wherein, the coal dust is not limited.Because fat coal volatile matter content is low, the institute during activated coke is prepared
The productivity ratio of the accessory substance of generation such as methane, tar etc. is relatively low, is unfavorable for most optimum distribution of resources.
Preferably, the coal dust is that volatile matter is more than or equal to 30%, low-order coal of the ash content less than or equal to 20%.So, also
Can while high performance activated coke is prepared reduces cost.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of preparation facilities for activating Jiao, is applied to preparation side as described above
Method, referring to Fig. 2, including：
Gasification furnace 1, the gasification furnace 1 includes coke discharging mouthful, and the gasification furnace 1 is used to make coal dust that gasification reaction or pyrolysis to occur
Reaction generation semicoke；
Cylindrical shell 2, the cylindrical shell 2 is obliquely installed, and the inside of the cylindrical shell 2 is respectively preheats from top to bottom
Region A and activating area B, the top of the cylindrical shell 2 is provided with semicoke import, the side wall corresponding to the activating area B
On be provided with activator import, the coke discharging mouthful of the gasification furnace 1 and the semicoke inlet communication of the cylindrical shell 2, the activation
Agent import is used to be passed through activator.
A kind of preparation facilities of activated coke is the embodiment of the invention provides, by setting gasification furnace 1 and cylindrical shell 2, coal
There is gasification reaction or pyrolytic reaction generation semicoke in powder, the semicoke can be through the gasification furnace 1 in the gasification furnace 1
Coke discharging mouth is drained into the cylindrical shell 2, can be pre- by the semicoke into the preheated zone A in the cylindrical shell 2
, to certain temperature, so, the semicoke can be along the blanking of the cylindrical shell 1 being obliquely installed to activating area B and work for heat
There is priming reaction in agent, to realize that above-mentioned preparation method provides a kind of preparation facilities of simple possible, so as to prepare ratio high
The activated coke of pore volume, high-specific surface area and high absorption property provides safeguard.
, wherein it is desired to explanation, produced in the gasification furnace 1 and pile up after water condensation by that can be condensed after semicoke
In the gasification furnace 1, when the semicoke is used to prepare activated coke as the raw material of activated coke, can be by the gasification furnace
1 parking, the semicoke is drained into it is preheated in the cylindrical shell 1, and bring it about priming reaction；Can also be in the gas
Change in the running of stove 1, make it that activation occur instead with the activator during produced semicoke is drained into the cylindrical shell 1
Should, at this moment, additionally it is possible to which the semicoke is maintained at by certain temperature by the gasification furnace 1, it is to avoid semicoke temperature rise is excessive and go out
Show the phenomenon of hole wall cracking, and be prevented from excessive temperature differentials and sintering phenomenon occur.
But, in the running of the gasification furnace 1, when produced semicoke is drained into the cylindrical shell 1, it is necessary to
The reaction atmosphere (such as atmosphere of inert gases) in the gasification furnace 1 is kept, to avoid to the gasification reaction in the gasification furnace 1
Or pyrolytic reaction produces influence.
Preferably, the preparation facilities also includes coke discharging lock hopper 3, and the coke discharging lock hopper 3 includes collection Jiao Kou and coke discharging mouthful, institute
State the collection Jiao Kou of coke discharging lock hopper 3 to be connected with the coke discharging mouthful of the gasification furnace 1, coke discharging mouthful and the column of the coke discharging lock hopper 3
The semicoke inlet communication of housing 1.
By the coke discharging lock hopper 3, the semicoke can be first passed through the collection Jiao Kou in the coke discharging lock hopper 3 and concentrate on institute
In stating coke discharging lock hopper 3, then the semicoke that will be drained into the coke discharging lock hopper 3 by the coke discharging mouth of the coke discharging lock hopper 3 drain into it is described
In cylindrical shell 2.So, when needing semicoke to be drained into the cylindrical shell 2, can first close the coke discharging lock hopper 3
Valve between collection Jiao Kou and the gasification furnace 1, carries out pressurising so that the row by pressurizing device to the coke discharging lock hopper 3
The pressure of burnt lock hopper 3 is consistent or smaller with the pressure in the gasification furnace 1 (certainly, can be selected and the gas in pressurising
Change the consistent gas of gas in stove, for example, when carried out in the gasification furnace be gasification reaction when, can be locked to the coke discharging
Be passed through raw gas in bucket 3 carries out pressurising to it), open valve of the collection of the coke discharging lock hopper 3 between Jiao Kou and the gasification furnace 1
Door, the semicoke can be disposed in the coke discharging lock hopper 3, then turn off the collection Jiao Kou and the gas of the coke discharging lock hopper 3
Change the valve between stove 1, pressure release to normal pressure is carried out to the coke discharging lock hopper 3, then discharge the semicoke in the coke discharging lock hopper 3
Into the cylindrical shell 2, in such manner, it is possible to realize the discontinuity coke discharging to the gasification furnace 1, and the gasification furnace 1 is kept
High pressure, gasifying agent atmosphere or inert atmosphere.
Certainly, the coke discharging lock hopper 2 can be two, and the coke discharging mouthful with the gasification furnace 1 and the column shell respectively
The semicoke inlet communication of body 3, in such manner, it is possible to realize alternately coke discharging.
Wherein, the angle of inclination to the cylindrical shell 2 does not limit, as long as the semicoke can be made along institute's cylindrical shell
2 inwall is moved downward.
In one embodiment of the invention, the activating area B is provided with agitating device 4；
The agitating device 4 is used to be stirred the semicoke for entering the activating area B so that the semicoke is in stirring
Under move from top to bottom.
In embodiments of the present invention, by setting agitating device 4, enable to the semicoke more scattered state with
The activator is fully contacted such that it is able to which it is existing that sintering occurs when avoiding semicoke from assembling and priming reaction occurs with activator
As, improve priming reaction effect, while, additionally it is possible to the angle of inclination of the cylindrical shell 2 (i.e. described cylindrical shell 2
Angle between center line and the straight line of vertical direction) it is larger when, by the semicoke under agitation when down moving with activity
Agent is reacted.
Wherein, the concrete structure to the preheated zone A is not limited, as long as can be preheated i.e. to the semicoke
Can.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the acclivitous one end of the cylindrical shell 2 is provided with preheating gas import,
The preheated zone A is provided with gas distributor 5 at the preheating gas import, referring to Fig. 3, the gas distributor 5
Including central distribution plate 51 and it is looped around the annular spread plate 52 of the periphery of central distribution plate 51, the annular spread plate 52
Inner side be fixedly connected with the periphery of the central distribution plate 51, the peripheral and cylindrical shell 2 of the annular spread plate 52
Inwall be fixedly connected, first through hole is distributed with the annular spread plate 52, be distributed with second on the central distribution plate 51
Through hole, the diameter with diameter greater than second through hole of the first through hole.
By arranging gas distributor 5 at the preheating gas import so that at the inwall of the cylindrical shell 2
Annular spread plate 52 on through hole the central distribution plate 51 with diameter greater than the inwall away from the cylindrical shell 2 on through hole
Diameter, so, when preheating gas are passed through from the preheating gas import, the preheating gas are through the gas distributor 5
After distribution so that the gas velocity at the wall of the cylindrical shell 2 is larger, it is possible to increase to being close in the cylindrical shell 2
Semicoke at wall blows speed such that it is able to realize blowing the uniform of the semicoke.
Wherein, the preheating gas can carry out the gas of heat exchange for any heat that can carry with semicoke.
In one embodiment of the invention, the preheating gas are raw gas.Because gasification reaction or pyrolytic reaction are produced slightly
Coal gas, and raw gas carries amount of heat, therefore, the raw gas can be realized the circulation profit of energy as preheating gas
With reduction energy consumption.
, wherein it is desired to explanation, in the prior art, the raw gas from the gasification furnace 1 out carries substantial amounts of
Heat is also used for waste heat recovery unit and its heat is reclaimed, and water or vapor conduct are generally used in waste heat recovery unit
Heat transferring medium, is exchanged heat by with heat transferring medium, is obtained in that superheated vapour, and at this moment, the overheated steam can be made
For activator is used for the priming reaction such that it is able to further improve the level of resources utilization.Simultaneously as the raw gas warp
Temperature can decline after crossing heat exchange, after therefore, it can heat raw gas by heater, then by the rough coal
Gas is preheated as preheating gas to the semicoke.
Certainly, in the prior art, the semicoke for being produced in gasification furnace 1 is deposited in gasification furnace bottom by condensing water condensation,
And condensed water is exchanged heat by the semicoke and is obtained in that superheated vapour, the overheated steam for being obtained here equally being capable of conduct
Activator is used for the priming reaction.
Wherein, the annular spread plate 52 can be in the same plane with the central distribution plate 51, it is also possible to it is described
Central distribution plate 51 forms an angle.
In one embodiment of the invention, the annular spread plate 52 is horn-like, and towards away from the preheating gas import
Direction flaring.
In embodiments of the present invention, the gas flow rate disturbance that causes greatly of change can be effectively reduced using the structure of flaring to ask
Topic.
In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the gas distributor 5 also includes gas distribution tube 53, the gas point
The first end of stringing 53 is fixedly connected with the periphery of the central distribution plate 51, and the second end is towards near the preheating gas import
Direction extend, and with the preheating gas inlet communication, third through-hole is distributed with the gas distribution tube 53.
In embodiments of the present invention, by setting gas distribution tube 53, directly can be incited somebody to action by the gas distribution tube 53
Preheating gas are guided to the central distribution plate 51, and then portion gas are by after the central distribution plate 51, with certain speed
Spend along the cylindrical shell 2 axis direction flow, another part gas then by after the gas distribution tube 53 along described
Cylindrical shell 2 radial direction diffusion, then again by after the annular spread plate 52 with certain speed along the column shell
Body 2 wall flowing, in such manner, it is possible to solve the preheating gas import it is smaller when, the cross-section gas of cylindrical shell 2 be distributed not
Uniformly, the problem of bias current, is advantageously implemented the smooth blanking of semicoke loose with abundant.
Wherein, the number to the activator import is not limited, and the activator import can be one, or
It is multiple.
In one embodiment of the invention, the activator import is multiple, and from top to bottom by it is close be listed in white-out it is described
On side wall corresponding to activating area B.In embodiments of the present invention, by by activator according to disperseing from dense to sparse from top to bottom
In the activating area B, meet the reaction rule of semicoke and activator, can to the full extent improve activation effect.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the side wall perimeter of the activating area B is provided with heating interlayer 6；
Be provided with coil pipe 7 between the side wall and the heating interlayer 6 of the activating area B, offered on the coil pipe 7 into
Mouthful, and the outlet with the activator inlet communication of the activating area B, the import of the coil pipe 7 is used to be passed through water or water steams
Gas.
In embodiments of the present invention, when water is passed through into the coil pipe 7, carrying out heating to water by heating interlayer 6 can
Produce vapor, when will water vapour be passed through the coil pipe 7 when, by heating interlayer 6 vapor can be carried out further plus
Heat or insulation.
In one embodiment of the invention, the preparation facilities also includes activated coke collection device 8, and the activated coke collects dress
Putting 8 includes housing, and the housing is provided with activated coke import, solid outlet and gas vent, wherein, the solid outlet is set
In the bottom of the housing, the gas vent is arranged on the top of the housing；
The activated coke inlet communication of the downward-sloping one end of the cylindrical shell 2 and the housing.
In embodiments of the present invention, the preheating gas can be discharged to outside by the gas vent, in such manner, it is possible to
Reduce the requirement to the bearing capacity of the cylindrical shell 2.
It should be noted that can also produce gas during priming reaction, produced gas can also be by described
Gas vent discharge on housing, at this moment, can be using the gas of the gas vent discharge from the housing again as preheating
Gas is preheated to the semicoke, can constantly be circulated and be provided heat to produce activated coke.
Certainly, (including the raw gas is produced the gas of the gas vent discharge from the housing with the priming reaction
Raw gas) two parts can be divided into, a part is heated to certain temperature, the preheating is then passed through again in being passed through heater
Gas feed is further heated to the semicoke, and another part can be pressurizeed by injector and introduce the purification list of raw gas
Unit purifies to it.
Preferably, it is provided with baffle plate 9 between the activated coke import and the gas vent in the housing.The gear
Plate 9 can stop to the activated coke carried secretly from the gas of the gas vent discharge on the housing.So as to gas
The less activated coke of particle diameter is taken out of.
Wherein, the baffle plate 9 can be two, and side wall along the housing is staggered, and two baffle plates 9 are in the work
Property burnt outlet projection overlapped with activated coke outlet.Using the structure, activated coke can be stopped to the full extent.
It is, of course, also possible to the gas outlet in the activated coke collection device 8 sets dust filtering bag, can be to from institute
The activated coke particle for stating the gas carrying of the discharge of the gas vent on housing is filtered.
The above, specific embodiment only of the invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and it is any
Those familiar with the art the invention discloses technical scope in, change or replacement can be readily occurred in, should all contain
Cover within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the described claims.
Claims (16)
1. a kind of preparation method of activated coke, it is characterised in that including：
Step 1) be there is into gasification reaction or pyrolytic reaction in coal dust, to obtain the semicoke with preset structure parameter；Wherein, it is described
Preset structure parameter refers to that the phosphorus content of the semicoke is more than or equal to 80%, and specific pore volume is more than or equal to 0.2cm3/ g, granularity is less than
Equal to 250 microns；
Step 2) there is priming reaction with activator and obtain activated coke in the semicoke that will be obtained.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The temperature of the gasification reaction is 850-1000 DEG C, and pressure is 5-10MPa；
The temperature of the pyrolytic reaction is 800-1200 DEG C, and pressure is 0.5-10MPa.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The activator is the vapor that temperature is 400-550 DEG C.
4. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The temperature of the priming reaction is 800-900 DEG C, and the time of the priming reaction is 0.5-3h.
5. preparation method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that
Carbon and the mass ratio of the activator in the semicoke are 1:1-8:1.
6. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
In the step 2) as described before method also includes：
The temperature of the semicoke is maintained at the first temperature；Or, when the temperature of the semicoke is less than first temperature, will
The semicoke is preheated to first temperature；Wherein, difference between first temperature and the temperature of the priming reaction
Absolute value is less than or equal to 300 DEG C.
7. preparation method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that
The speed of the preheating is 20-30 DEG C/min.
8. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The coal dust is that volatile matter is more than or equal to 30%, low-order coal of the ash content less than or equal to 20%.
9. it is a kind of to activate burnt preparation facilities, it is characterised in that to be applied to the preparation side as described in claim any one of 1-8
Method, including：
Gasification furnace, the gasification furnace includes coke discharging mouthful, and the gasification furnace is used to make coal dust that gasification reaction or pyrolytic reaction to occur；
Cylindrical shell, the cylindrical shell is obliquely installed, the inside of the cylindrical shell be respectively from top to bottom preheated zone and
Activating area, is provided with semicoke import at the top of the cylindrical shell, work is provided with the side wall corresponding to the activating area
Agent import, the coke discharging mouthful of the gasification furnace and the semicoke inlet communication of the cylindrical shell, the activator import are used to lead to
Enter activator.
10. preparation facilities according to claim 9, it is characterised in that
The activating area is provided with agitating device；
The agitating device is used to be stirred the semicoke for entering the activating area so that the semicoke is under agitation by upper
To lower motion.
11. preparation facilities according to claim 9, it is characterised in that
Described acclivitous one end of cylindrical shell is provided with preheating gas import, and the preheated zone is near the preheating gas
Gas distributor is provided with import, the gas distributor includes central distribution plate and is looped around outside the central distribution plate
The annular spread plate for enclosing, the inner side of the annular spread plate is fixedly connected with the periphery of the central distribution plate, the annular point
The peripheral inwall with the cylindrical shell of fabric swatch is fixedly connected, and is distributed with first through hole on the annular spread plate, it is described in
The second through hole, the diameter with diameter greater than second through hole of the first through hole are distributed with heart distribution grid.
12. preparation facilities according to claim 11, it is characterised in that
The annular spread plate is horn-like, and court is away from the direction flaring of the preheating gas import.
13. preparation facilities according to claim 11, it is characterised in that
The gas distributor also includes gas distribution tube, and the first end of the gas distribution tube is outer with the central distribution plate
Enclose and be fixedly connected, the second end towards near the preheating gas import direction extend, and with the preheating gas inlet communication, institute
State and third through-hole is distributed with gas distribution tube.
14. preparation facilities according to claim 9, it is characterised in that
The activator import for multiple, and from top to bottom as it is close be listed in the activating area to white-out corresponding to side wall on.
15. preparation facilities according to claim 14, it is characterised in that
The side wall perimeter of the activating area is provided with heating interlayer；
Coil pipe is provided between the side wall and the heating interlayer of the activating area, import is offered on the coil pipe, and
With the outlet of the activator inlet communication of the activating area, the import of the coil pipe is for being passed through water or vapor.
16. preparation facilities according to claim 9, it is characterised in that
The preparation facilities also includes activated coke collection device, and the activated coke collection device includes housing, set on the housing
Active burnt import, solid outlet and gas vent, wherein, the solid outlet is arranged on the bottom of the housing, the gas
Body outlet is arranged on the top of the housing；
The activated coke inlet communication of the downward-sloping one end of the cylindrical shell and the housing.
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| CN109987605A (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2019-07-09 | 太原理工大学 | The method that gasification slag separating carbon prepares desulphurization denitration Constitutive active coke |
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