CN110040922A - The method and processing system of process tank bottom oily sludge - Google Patents
The method and processing system of process tank bottom oily sludge Download PDFInfo
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- CN110040922A CN110040922A CN201910413185.1A CN201910413185A CN110040922A CN 110040922 A CN110040922 A CN 110040922A CN 201910413185 A CN201910413185 A CN 201910413185A CN 110040922 A CN110040922 A CN 110040922A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
- B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
- B01D17/0208—Separation of non-miscible liquids by sedimentation
- B01D17/0214—Separation of non-miscible liquids by sedimentation with removal of one of the phases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/10—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by pyrolysis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/18—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by thermal conditioning
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G11/00—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/02—Dust removal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/08—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors
- C10K1/10—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with aqueous liquids
- C10K1/101—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors with aqueous liquids with water only
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/40—Valorisation of by-products of wastewater, sewage or sludge processing
Abstract
The present invention provides the method and disposal of oily sludge system of a kind of process tank bottom oily sludge, this method includes homogenization, separation of solid and liquid, plasma pyrolysis gasification, gas purification, water-oil separating process, and the system comprises homogeneous unit, solid-liquid separation unit, plasma pyrolysis gasification unit, gas purification units, water-oil separating unit and steam generating units.The method of the invention reduces processing cost, and the system processing operation is easy, and equipment requirement is low, and realizes and complete the harmless treatment (the TPH < 3 ‰ after having handled in mud) for completing tank bottom mud simultaneously in clear tank.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to contain sludge treatment field, and in particular to a kind of method of process tank bottom oily sludge.
Background technique
The big tank of the yards such as field joint stations, the bed mud oil content for needing to clean out its clear tank is higher, and quantity is opposite
It is larger, if the outward transport of tank bottom mud handled, crude oil loss and high transshipment charge can be related to.And in the mistake of transhipment
Cheng Zhong can release huge pungent taste in the way of transhipment, influence air ring on the way if transfer car(buggy) is poorly sealed
Border quality.If being deposited in untreated in yard, not only pollute local environment, but also the limited petroleum money of significant wastage
Source.
Plasma is that have different from solid-state, liquid and gaseous 4th state and have its unique physicochemical properties, plasma
With the characteristics such as autocatalytic cleavage, high temperature, very fast, it is known as the technology of new generation and innoxious most thorough skill of dangerous waste processing
Art.
Oil Containing Sludge Treatment mainly has chemico-heating wash method, incineration method, thermal desorption method both at home and abroad at present.Chemico-heating wash method
Mainly by rotary drum screening-sediment by aeration-heating-dosing it is quenched-technique that is separated by solid-liquid separation, this method needs a large amount of chemical drugs
Agent and steam can carry out part decrement, and process by the petroleum total hydrocarbon < 5% of oily sludge after hot wash to oily sludge
Long, sled block is more, and can only be built a station processing method using concentration, and be unable to decentralized processing.Burning is drawn using natural gas or heavy oil
Oily sludge is carried out high-temp combustion by combustion, and hydrocarbon, which decompose, in oily sludge reaches harmless treatment, but passes through
It is big to burn the flue gas generated, processing cost is high；And the ash for burning generation flies and lime-ash belongs to dangerous waste, needs secondary treatment, increases
Processing cost is added.Thermal desorption mainly under conditions of anaerobic or anoxic, heats oily sludge by partition, according to oil-containing
The boiling point of moisture, various hydrocarbon in sludge is different, by greasy filth moisture and hydrocarbon evaporate, but generated in desorption process
Tar be easy to the coking in the inner wall of reactor, lead to the reality of equipment fault and thermal desorption device currently on the market
Processing capacity is much smaller than design treatment amount, then oily sludge cannot be handled within the expected time, increases processing cost.
The land occupation of crude oil storage tank yard is nervous, and requires to carry out minimizing and innoxious place to tank bottom mud while clear tank
Reason, and each crude oil storage tank zone position is relatively far away from, and requires that the process of processing equipment is simple as far as possible, takes up little area, transition is convenient,
Assembling is quick.While clear tank is completed, the harmless treatment of tank bottom mud is also finished.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is being directed to above-mentioned status, a kind of method of process tank bottom oily sludge is provided, to reduce processing
Cost simplifies processing operation and equipment, and realizes and complete simultaneously, to complete the harmless treatment of tank bottom mud in clear tank.
The processing method of tank bottom oily sludge provided by the invention, includes following steps:
(1) homogenization: the oily sludge that clear tank cleans out is delivered in homogeneous container, and conditioning of mud solid-to-liquid ratio is 1:
4~1:6 is warming up to 60~80 DEG C, and degreaser is added or flocculant is stirred to react, is then allowed to stand, separates, collect the oil on upper layer；
Preferably, the reaction time is 10~60min；
(2) it is separated by solid-liquid separation: gained solidliquid mixture after separation oil removing is separated by solid-liquid separation by solid-liquid separating equipment；
(3) plasma pyrolysis gasifies: moisture is down to by the oily sludge after solid-liquid separation treatment by natural drying
50% hereinafter, using plasma pyrolysis gasification furnace, using plasmatorch generator as the heat source of gasification furnace, using plasma from
Catalysis, high temperature, very fast characteristic, by moisture, light oil, low boiling point mink cell focus in oily sludge in plasma pyrolysis gasification furnace
High temperature action under be desorbed；The macromoleculars such as the high mink cell focus of boiling point and asphalitine are under the autocatalysis of plasmatorch generator
It is carried out under the catalytic action of the active group ion of plasmatorch generator with gasifying agent water vapour quickly after carrying out anaerobic cracking
Water gas reaction, methanation reaction generate hydrogen, carbon monoxide and methane；To the vapor, hydrocarbon and gas being desorbed
Gas after change is dusted, and the biggish ash of granularity flies conveying and is back to pyrolysis gasification furnace progress gasification process；
(4) it gas purification: is dusted using sedimentation theory and the gas winged to removing ash with water mist dust-removing, dedusting
After carry out removal moisture drying, moisture conveying to the water-oil separating unit of removing is handled；
(5) water-oil separating: water-oil separating is carried out by the mixture of gas purification units treated dust-laden, oil and water.
Further, the hot water after water-oil separating realizes that solid-to-liquid ratio is adjusted for dilution oily sludge in step (1).
Further, 60~80 DEG C are warming up to by the way of filling into steam into system in step (1), the steam
Occur to heat water as fuel combustion using the gas of step (4) after dry and generates steam.
Further, the device of step (3) the plasma pyrolysis gasification is sent out by plasma pyrolysis gasification furnace, plasmatorch
Raw device, plasma power supply, nitrogen making machine, water tank and water pump composition.Preferably, plasmatorch generator uses high frequency switch power mould
The DC power supply of block composition, 99% nitrogen or tank that the Working medium gas of plasmatorch generator uses nitrogen making machine PSA to generate
The nitrogen of the purity > 99% of area's nitrogen system.
The sludge that oily sludge and water-oil separating after solid-liquid separation treatment are isolated enters sludge and keeps in field process
Artificial or mechanical turn over throws the free convection for utilizing air and solar radiation evaporation portion of water, drops the moisture of oily sludge
To 50% hereinafter, if yard does not have extra vacant lot to keep in field as greasy filth, greasy dirt will be contained from what is isolated
Mud is directly entered plasma gasification unit.
In plasma pyrolysis gasification process, plasma pyrolysis gasifies using plasmatorch generator as the heat of gasification furnace
Source, the plasma in gasification furnace are then that (argon gas or nitrogen can be used in charging gas for a kind of highly ionized or charging gas
Gas), using the self-catalysis of plasmatorch generator, high temperature, very fast characteristic, by moisture, light oil, low boiling point in oily sludge
Mink cell focus, which is desorbed to come out under the high temperature action in plasma pyrolysis gasification furnace, is expelled to gas purification units.The high heavy of boiling point
Oil and the macromoleculars such as asphalitine carried out under the autocatalytic characteristics of plasmatorch generator after anaerobic cracking with gasifying agent (steam hair
The water vapour that raw unit generates) carry out water gas reaction, methanation reaction generation hydrogen, carbon monoxide and methane.The gas of production
Change gas to contact with the oily sludge for entering gasification furnace upwards, oily sludge can be heated and deviate from vapor therein and be desorbed out low
The hydrocarbon (hydrogen, methane, ethylene, ethane etc.) of boiling point, the gas after the vapor, hydrocarbon and the gasification that have been desorbed
Body (carbon monoxide and hydrogen) enters gas purification process；Lime-ash after pyrolytic gasification (the petroleum total hydrocarbon in lime-ash is less than 3 ‰)
Discharge, which is transported to, stores field or family designated position with lime-ash, and the lime-ash after gasification can be with resource utilization such as rock wool heat-preservation material
Material, mixed mud for building, floor tile, gardening soil and agriculture soil etc..
Further, plasmatorch generator generator in use can generate high temperature, need to cool down generator,
It is cooling to be cooled down, the coolant-temperature gage after plasma exchanges heat using tap water (the dissolved solid content < 3500mg/L in water)
The dedusting cooling water for the chilling gas wash tower being directly used in gas purification at 30~40 DEG C.
Further, gas purification uses chilling gas wash tower and drying tower.
Further, water-oil separating uses oil water separator, and the oil water separator includes coalescer, Slag Scraping Device and oil removing
Pond.The oil of small particle is agglomerated into big partial size and enters grease dirt separation chamber by coalescer, according to hydrodynamics Stokes' law, greatly
The oil of partial size is scraped by Slag Scraping Device to the grease removal tank of oil water separator since buoyancy rises to the upper surface of oil water separator,
The oil tank that client specifies is delivered to by pump again to recycle.It is deposited isolated mud and periodically drains into the temporary field of sludge, separation manually
Coolant-temperature gage 60 DEG C below by way of pump be delivered to thinned water of the homogeneous unit as tank bottom mud.
The present invention is provided to the system of above-mentioned tank bottom disposal of oily sludge, including homogeneous unit, solid-liquid separation unit, etc.
Ion pyrolytic gasification unit, gas purification units, water-oil separating unit and steam generating unit；
The homogeneous unit includes chemicals dosing plant, homogeneous tank, and the chemicals dosing plant is connected to homogeneous Xiang Zhongtian with homogeneous tank
Degreaser needed for adding processing or flocculant；
The solid-liquid separation unit includes centrifuge or filter press, with greasy filth discharging spiral, the dirt of centrifuge or filter press
Water out is connected to external Sewage Disposal, and the sludge discharge hole of centrifuge or filter press is connected with greasy filth discharging spiral；
The plasma pyrolysis gasification unit includes plasma pyrolysis gasification furnace, the plasma pyrolysis gasification furnace by it is equal from
Sub- torch generator, plasma power supply and nitrogen making machine composition；Feed inlet and greasy filth the discharging spiral of plasma pyrolysis gasification furnace go out
Material mouth connection；The outlet of nitrogen making machine is connected with the gas feed of plasmatorch generator, plasmatorch generator with nitrogen as
Working medium gas generates plasma；
The gas purification units are composed in series by chilling gas wash tower and drying tower, the gas feed of the chilling gas wash tower
It is connected to the gas vent of plasma pyrolysis gasification furnace, the gas vent of chilling gas wash tower is connected to drying tower, liquid outlet opening
It is connected to the oil water separator of water-oil separating unit, the steam boiler of the gas vent and steam generating unit of the drying tower
Combustion chamber, liquid outlet are connected to oil water separator；
The water-oil separating unit includes oil water separator, and the oil water separator is by coalescer, Slag Scraping Device and grease removal tank
The oil plant outlet of composition, oil water separator is connected to external contaminated-oil basin, and the outlet of water material is connected to the homogeneous tank of homogeneous unit, will be divided
From thinned water of the hot water as tank bottom mud；
The steam generating unit includes steam boiler, the steam (vapor) outlet and plasma pyrolysis gasification furnace of the steam boiler
Connection, to provide vapor as the gasifying agent of plasma gasification.
Further, the plasmatorch generator is provided with the water-cooling structure for cooling down plasmatorch generator, institute
Water after heat exchange is used as chilling gas wash tower by the shower water inlet communication for stating the chilling gas wash tower of water-cooling structure and gas purification units
Water for dust removal.
Further, the plasma pyrolysis gasification unit unit further includes water tank and water pump, the water pump and plasma
The water-cooling structure of pyrolysis gasification furnace is connected to, and cooling water is led into water-cooling structure.
Further, steam generating unit is connected to the homogeneous tank of homogeneous unit, is realized and is heated oily sludge using steam
To increase its temperature.
It further, further include ash conveyor, the import of the discharge port and ash conveyor of plasma pyrolysis gasification furnace
It is connected, lime-ash of the oil content lower than 3 ‰ will have been handled by ash conveyor and be delivered to rickyard storage.
Further, chemicals dosing plant is made of hopper, metering screw, liquor box, blender and dosing pump, passes through quantifier
Entered in liquor box after amount spiral metering medicaments by hopper, is mixed with whom and obtains spice liquid, it is equal being added by dosing pump
In matter tank.
Further, the homogeneous tank is mating is provided with blender, and homogeneous tank is provided with more than two reaction chambers, grease chamber
With suspension liquid chamber；The tapered structure in reaction chamber bottom, cone angle are 45~75 °, and each reaction chamber bottom is connection, and is connected to
Area of passage be 12~28 times of disposal of oily sludge amount；And each reaction chamber bottom is provided with steam blowdown pipe, tonifying Qi
The aperture of (angle is 25~65 °) diagonally downward is provided on pipe, hole diameter is 8~15mm, steam blowdown pipe and steam copper
The steam (vapor) outlet of furnace is connected；And it is additionally provided with the hot-water line of uniform cloth in the bottom of reaction chamber, hot-water line setting is mended in steam
The lower section of tracheae, and the position of opening of hot-water line (and water inlet pipe of oil water separator connection) and size are identical as steam pipe,
But hot-water line is staggered in the plane with steam pipe；The aperture gross area of water supply pipe is the 10~20 of the sectional area of water supply pipe general pipeline
Again and make hot water stratified flow state (its Re < 500) in the reaction chamber；It is adopted in afterbody reaction chamber and grease chamber, suspension liquid chamber
It is connected to top, suspension liquid chamber is adjoined with afterbody reaction chamber, and the overflow weir of suspension liquid chamber and grease chamber is than afterbody
Low 30~the 250mm of the partition of reaction chamber, overflow weir use triangular-notch weir or rectangular weir；Weir is provided in suspension liquid chamber and reaction chamber
Door, and suspension liquid chamber is provided with blender, stopping stirring when needing to receive oil reduces weir gate；It receives when oil stops and first starts solid-liquid point
Sludge pump from unit opens stirring after starting 2Min, the suspension in suspension liquid chamber is pumped into centrifuge or filter press.
Further, it is provided with sludge pump on the sewage sludge feed pipeline of the centrifuge or filter press, the drying tower
It is provided with blower on outlet gas line, delivers the gas to the combustion chamber of steam boiler.
Further, the gas purification units are made of chilling gas wash tower and drying tower.Chilling gas wash tower includes tower
The spray angle of the spiral shape nozzle of body and shower water, nozzle can use 90 ° or 120 °；Nozzle is adopted in chilling gas wash tower
With multi-tier arrangement, and every layer using being evenly arranged, and the circumferentially number of nozzle and the number of plies of arrangement generate gas according to greasy filth
The treating capacity of body determines, the spacing of every layer of nozzle in 250~500mm, and adjacent two layers nozzle be staggered certain angle 30~
Between 45 °；The gas feed of chilling gas wash tower uses uniform air distribution plate, and the aperture of uniform air distribution plate passes through cloth in 10~30mm
The flow control of stomata is in 5m/s or less；Chilling dedusting tower bottom is provided with cone structure, and dedusting water out uses cross
Anti- vortex structure, and the structure is removable, prevents tar from condensing in chilling gas wash tower.
The air inlet of drying tower uses tangential admission mouth, and the center line in the axial direction of air inlet and the circumferential direction circle of drying tower is flat
Distance on line direction is 0.15~0.35D (diameter that D is drying tower)；It is uniformly arranged on dry tower axis tilted-putted
Discount vibram outlet plate, tilt angle be 0~65 °, the quit a post and thus leave it vacant diameter of discount vibram outlet plate be 0.15~0.3d (d be drying diameter -10~
25mm)；Discount vibram outlet plate is staggered in the axial direction to be arranged symmetrically, and the distance of the distance between discount vibram outlet plate in the axial direction is 0.5~1.5D (D
For drying tower diameter)；The top (on the discount vibram outlet plate at top) of drying tower is provided with cone shell, the small end of cone shell
Upwards, the big end of cone shell is downward, and the sectional area of low side is 2~5 times of drying tower gas feed sectional area；Outside diameter
For 0.85~0.9D (D drying tower diameter) of drying tower diameter.
Further, the steam generating unit is by steam boiler, combustion chamber, burner, electrical control group.Steam boiler
Fuel fuel can be done using natural gas, heavy oil, light oil, in combustion.The combustion chamber and gas purification units connect
It is logical, it realizes and uses by the purified pyrolysis gas of gas purification units and gasification gas as fuel, it is energy saving.
Further, the plasma pyrolysis gasification furnace by plasma furnace body, plasmatorch generator, plasma power supply and
Nitrogen making machine, thermocouple composition；The furnace wall face of the plasma furnace body by high density fiberboard, alumina silicate fiber felt, not come spar
Fiber, castable refractory are according to (1-3): (1-2): (1-2): the thickness proportion of (3-4) is constituted, make gasification furnace have resistance to thermal shock,
High-speed flow washes away, reducing atmosphere, ash attack effect, and weight only has three points of traditional refractory brick heat-barrier material weight
One of, it can transition at any time.
According to the oil content in disposal of oily sludge amount and greasy filth, the draw ratio of plasma pyrolysis gasification furnace be (gasification furnace
The ratio of height and diameter) it is 1:3~1:5, keep temperature field, flow field in furnace more reasonable.Plasmatorch generator can be 1
It is a or multiple, when to be multiple, tangentially it is evenly arranged on the same circumference of furnace body or in plasma gasification furnace axial direction
On be evenly arranged (spacing be 200mm~500mm) between plasmatorch generator, the axis of plasmatorch generator with etc.
The distance of the center line of the flat circle of ion furnace is that (wherein R is that plasma gasification furnace installs plasmatorch to 0.4R~0.8R
The cylinder radius of device position)；The residence time for the gas that the volume of plasma heating furnace is generated according to oily sludge pyrolytic gasification be 1~
Maximum value between 3S or 0.15~2h of residence time of oily sludge solid is determined.
It is uniformly disposed with thermocouple on the axis direction of furnace, the reaction work in each stage in furnace is monitored according to thermocouple
Condition, furnace body is interior according to temperature difference, is from top to bottom divided into dryer section, hot stage and gasification section.Material enters plasma gasification furnace
It starts to warm up, dryer section (room temperature~300 DEG C) is successively undergone mainly to deviate from moisture in furnace, (300~500 DEG C) masters of pyrolysis section
Deviate from light oil and mink cell focus, gasification section (500~1000 DEG C) mainly gasifies asphalitine for methane, hydrogen.
Tar to avoid greasy filth pyrolysis section from generating is condensed in furnace inner wall, in the pyrolysis section 2D (pyrolysis gasification furnace of gasification furnace
Diameter) at be tangentially evenly equipped with 4 nitrogen inlets, it is therefore an objective to so that inner wall of the nitrogen in furnace is generated eddy flow, eddy flow generate from
Mental and physical efforts, which shear off the tar for being attached to furnace wall, to be flowed to gasification section according to gravity and gasifies, and inner plasmatorch hair is utilized
Tar is converted to carbon monomer compound by the autocatalysis of raw device.
Compared with prior art, the present invention have the utility model has the advantages that
1. the method for the invention is using in the oily sludge after the process of hot wash (homogeneous)+plasma pyrolysis gasification
Petroleum total hydrocarbon is less than 3 ‰ (detection method is detected according to CJ/T221-2005II).
2. the method for the invention using the technique of hot wash+plasma pyrolysis gasification both reached minimizing, recycling and
Thorough harmless treatment is particularly suitable for the processing of tank field tank bottom oily sludge.
3. pyrolysis gas and gasification gas that the method for the invention is generated using plasma pyrolysis gasification unit are as boiler
Fuel, it is energy saving.
4. the oil that the method for the invention homogeneous unit and water-oil separating unit are isolated can directly carry out recycling sale, rich
Petroleum resources in rich nations.
5. the method for the invention uses plasma technology, active group ion, the ionizing group generated using plasma, drop
The activation energy of low pyrolytic reaction improves the pyrolysis efficiency of oily sludge.
6. the method for the invention, as chilling cooling water for dust removal, is saved using the water after the heat exchange of plasmatorch generator
Water source.
7. the method for the invention is used the delivery after oil water separator separation oil and mud to homogeneous tank as dilute
The hot water of tank bottom oily sludge is released, heat needed for not only having saved water source but also having reduced heating homogeneous tank.
8. plasma gasification furnace uses lightweight heat-proof nano material in system of the present invention, there is resistance to thermal shock, high speed gas
Stream washes away, reducing atmosphere, ash attack effect, and weight only has the one third of traditional refractory brick heat-barrier material weight,
It can transition at any time.
9. processing system process of the present invention is simple, space occupied is small, assembly is easy, and transition is convenient, assembling is quick,
While clear tank is completed, the harmless treatment of tank bottom mud is also finished.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of the processing method of tank bottom oily sludge of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is tank bottom disposal of oily sludge system structure diagram of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Processing method of the present invention and processing system are described further below by specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of tank bottom disposal of oily sludge system, as shown in Figure 1, by homogeneous unit, solid-liquid separation unit, plasma pyrolysis
Gasification unit, gas purification units, water-oil separating unit and steam generating unit；
The homogeneous unit includes chemicals dosing plant 18, homogeneous tank 1, and the chemicals dosing plant is connected to homogeneous tank into homogeneous phase
Degreaser needed for addition is handled or flocculant；The homogeneous tank is mating to be provided with blender, and homogeneous tank is by 2 reaction chambers, suspension
Room and grease chamber composition.The chemicals dosing plant is made of hopper, metering screw, liquor box, blender and dosing pump 19, passes through metering
Entered in liquor box after metering screw metering medicaments by hopper, be mixed with whom and obtain spice liquid, is added by dosing pump
In homogeneous tank.
The solid-liquid separation unit includes centrifuge 4, greasy filth discharging spiral 5, at centrifuge outlet of sewer and external sewage
The sludge discharge hole of the connection of reason station, centrifuge is connected with greasy filth discharging spiral；The sewage sludge feed pipe of the centrifuge or filter press
Sludge pump 3 is provided on line.
The plasma pyrolysis gasification unit includes plasma pyrolysis gasification furnace 6, ash conveyor 9, the plasma heat
Solution gasification furnace is made of plasmatorch generator 7, plasma power supply and nitrogen making machine 8；The feed inlet of plasma pyrolysis gasification furnace with
The discharge port connection of greasy filth discharging spiral；The outlet of nitrogen making machine is connected with the gas feed of plasmatorch generator, plasmatorch
Generator generates plasma with nitrogen as Working medium gas；The plasmatorch generator generator is provided with for cooling down
The spray water inlet of the chilling gas wash tower of the water-cooling structure of plasmatorch generator, the water-cooling structure and gas purification units connects
It is logical, water after heat exchange is used as to the water for dust removal of chilling gas wash tower.The plasma pyrolysis gasification unit unit be additionally provided with water tank and
Water pump, the water pump are connected to the water-cooling structure of plasma pyrolysis gasification furnace, and cooling water is led into water-cooling structure.Plasma pyrolysis
The discharge port of gasification furnace is connected with the import of ash conveyor, will handle lime-ash of the oil content lower than 3 ‰ by ash conveyor
It is delivered to rickyard storage.
The gas purification units are composed in series by chilling gas wash tower 12 and drying tower 13, the gas of the chilling gas wash tower
Import is connected to the gas vent of plasma pyrolysis gasification furnace, and the gas vent of chilling gas wash tower is connected to drying tower, liquid discharge
Material mouth is connected to the oil water separator 15 of water-oil separating unit, the gas vent of the drying tower and the steam of steam generating unit
The combustion chamber 17 of boiler 16 is connected to, and blower 14 is provided on connecting line, delivers the gas to the combustion chamber of steam boiler,
The liquid outlet of drying tower is connected to oil water separator 15.
The water-oil separating unit includes oil water separator, and the oil water separator is by coalescer, Slag Scraping Device and grease removal tank
The oil plant outlet of composition, oil water separator is connected to external contaminated-oil basin, and the outlet of water material is connected to the homogeneous tank 1 of homogeneous unit, will
Thinned water of the isolated hot water as tank bottom mud；
The steam generating unit includes steam boiler, the steam (vapor) outlet and plasma pyrolysis gasification furnace of the steam boiler
Connection, to provide vapor as the gasifying agent of plasma gasification.Steam generating unit connects with the homogeneous tank of homogeneous unit simultaneously
Logical, realization uses steam heating oily sludge to increase its temperature.
Embodiment 2
The process handled using 1 processing system of embodiment oil tank bottom oily sludge is as follows:
(1) homogeneous
The oily sludge that clear tank cleans up is delivered to homogeneous by conveying equipment (can be screw pump, screw conveyor)
In tank 1, homogeneous tank includes 2 reaction chambers, suspension liquid chamber and grease chamber, PAM etc. is added in chemicals dosing plant 18, by blender by water
After evenly mixing with medicament, it is transported in the reaction chamber of homogeneous tank 1 by dosing pump 19 again after.Oily sludge is used into grease
Hot water that separative unit is separated dilution, according to the solid content difference of the tank bottom mud cleaned up by the solid-to-liquid ratio in homogeneous tank
Reach 1:4~1:6, the steam for being simultaneously from steam generating unit fills into homogeneous tank, and the temperature in homogeneous unit is made to reach 60
~80 DEG C, while flocculant PAM or PAC or degreaser (detergent alkylate sulphur are added into homogeneous tank 1 by chemicals dosing plant 18
Sour sodium) etc..Start blender 2, equal qualitative response is static after (10min~60min) for a period of time, using to the anti-of homogeneous tank 1
Answering room bottom, uniformly slowly oil is drained into grease chamber by water inlet (Re < 500), and the time of water inlet is thick according to the oil reservoir in homogeneous tank 1
Degree determines that the solidliquid mixture after oil removing enters suspension liquid chamber and the oil of grease chamber after the separation of homogeneous tank is delivered to oil storage by pump
Pond；Solidliquid mixture after oil removing is delivered to centrifuge by sludge pump 3 and is separated by solid-liquid separation.
The steam of homogeneous unit is the vapor produced by the steam boiler 16 in steam generating unit, steam generating unit
Mainly it is made of steam boiler 16, burner 17.The fuel of steam boiler 16 does fuel using natural gas, heavy oil, light oil,
In combustion process, it can also use by the purified pyrolysis gas of gas purification units and gasification gas as fuel, it is energy saving.
(2) it is separated by solid-liquid separation
Solid-liquid separation unit be for suspension separation high-efficiency appliance, centrifuge using high-speed rotating rotary drum generate from
Mental and physical efforts in rotary drum and under force automatically unload the catching, solid particles in suspension to outside machine to greasy filth and discharge spiral
5, the liquid holdup in oily sludge is 70% hereinafter, oil-containing is between 10~15% at this time；Simultaneously under the influence of centrifugal force, it hangs
Liquid in supernatant liquid is thrown out of by filter medium, rotary drum aperture, carries out advanced treating by transporting to sewage multi-purpose station outside pipeline.
(3) plasma pyrolysis gasification unit
Plasma pyrolysis gasification unit is mainly by plasma pyrolysis gasification furnace 6, plasmatorch generator (including plasma electric
Source) 7, the composition of nitrogen making machine 8.
Oily sludge after solid-liquid separation treatment is delivered to plasma pyrolysis gasification unit.If scene is had ready conditions
Interim sludge is set and keeps in field, turns over free convection and the solar radiation evaporation thrown through air by artificial or machinery in field
Portion of water makes the moisture of oily sludge drop to 50% hereinafter, the treating capacity of plasma pyrolysis gasification unit then can be improved.
Plasma pyrolysis gasification unit is using plasmatorch generator 7 as the heat source of plasma gasification furnace 6, in gasification furnace
Plasma be then a kind of highly ionized or charging gas (argon gas or nitrogen can be used in charging gas), utilize plasma
The self-catalysis of torch generator, high temperature, very fast characteristic, by moisture, light oil, low boiling point mink cell focus in oily sludge in plasma
Desorption, which comes out, under high temperature action in pyrolysis gasification furnace is expelled to chilling gas wash tower 12.The high mink cell focus of boiling point and asphalitine etc. are big
Molecule is sent out with gasifying agent (water vapour that the steam boiler 16 of steam generating unit generates) in plasmatorch after carrying out anaerobic cracking
Water gas reaction is reacted under the high temperature action of raw device 7, methanation reaction generates hydrogen, carbon monoxide and methane.The gasification of production
Gas is contacted with the oily sludge for entering plasma gasification furnace 6 upwards, can both heat oily sludge deviate from vapor therein and
Low-boiling hydrocarbon (hydrogen, methane, ethylene, ethane etc.), vapor, hydrocarbon and the gas being desorbed is desorbed out
Gas after change enters gas purification units and is handled；Lime-ash after pyrolytic gasification (the petroleum total hydrocarbon in lime-ash is less than 3 ‰)
The temporary field of lime-ash is delivered to by ash conveyor 16 or user is appointed as position, the lime-ash after gasification can be with resource utilization such as
Rock wool heat-preservation material, mixed mud for building, floor tile, gardening soil and agriculture soil etc..
The generator in use of plasmatorch generator 7 can generate high temperature, need to cool down generator, cooling to use
Tap water (the dissolved solid content 3500mg/L in water), by tap water be stored in water tank 10 by water pump 11 be delivered to etc. from
The cooling duct of sub- torch generator 7 is cooled down, and coolant-temperature gage is directly used in gas at 30~40 DEG C after plasma changes 7 heat of torch
Chilling cooling water for dust removal in clean unit.
DC power supply of the plasmatorch generator 7 using high-frequency switching power supply module composition, the work of plasmatorch generator
Matter gas is using 99% nitrogen generated of nitrogen making machine 8 or the nitrogen of the purity > 99% of tank field nitrogen system.
Plasma pyrolysis gasification furnace 6 using high density fiberboard, alumina silicate fiber felt, not come nano heat-insulatings such as spar fibers
Material there is resistance to thermal shock, high-speed flow to wash away, reducing atmosphere, ash attack effect, and weight only have tradition refractory brick every
The one third of hot material weight, can transition at any time.
(4) gas purification units
Gas purification units are mainly made of chilling gas wash tower 12 and drying tower 13.From plasma pyrolysis gasification unit
Pyrolytic gasification gas is under the direct contact action of multilayer water mist in chilling gas wash tower 12, the wetting action of dust in gas in water
Under condense into big particle and enter water-oil separating unit together with water in dust removal under the effect of gravity and handled, by water mist with
Gas comes into full contact under heat exchange effect, and the temperature of gas is down to 60 DEG C hereinafter, the gas after cooling enters drying tower 13 except degassing
Moisture in body, which is delivered in the steam boiler 16 of steam generating unit after being dried, to be carried out as the energy by burner 17
Burning.The moisture conveying of abjection to water-oil separating unit is handled.
(5) water-oil separating unit
By gas purification units, treated that dust-laden, oil and aqueous mixtures enter oil water separator 15；Pass through grease point
The oil of small particle is agglomerated into big partial size and enters grease dirt separation chamber by the aggtegation from the coalescer in device 15, according to fluid force
Stokes' law is learned, large-sized oil is scraped by Slag Scraping Device to oil since buoyancy rises to the upper surface of oil water separator
The grease removal tank of separator, then the oil tank that client specifies is delivered to by pump and is recycled.Isolated mud is deposited periodically to arrange manually
Field is kept in sludge, isolated coolant-temperature gage is delivered to thinned water of the homogeneous unit as tank bottom mud below by way of pump at 60 DEG C.
To treated, solid lime-ash is detected, using GB4284-2018B grades of sludge products as examination criteria.Detection knot
Fruit is shown in Table 1.
Table 1
According to the requirement in GB4284-2018 to A grades of sludge products and B grades of sludge products, it is known that by the method for the invention
After processing, solid lime-ash reaches GB4284-2018B grades of sludge requirements, can further resource utilization, as rock wool heat-preservation material,
Mixed mud, floor tile, gardening soil and agriculture soil for building etc..
Table 2
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method of process tank bottom oily sludge, which is characterized in that include following steps:
(1) homogenization: the oily sludge that clear tank cleans out is delivered in homogeneous container, conditioning of mud solid-to-liquid ratio be 1:4~
1:6 is warming up to 60~80 DEG C, and degreaser is added or flocculant is stirred to react, is then allowed to stand, separates, collect the oil on upper layer；
(2) it is separated by solid-liquid separation: gained solidliquid mixture after separation oil removing is separated by solid-liquid separation by solid-liquid separating equipment；
(3) plasma pyrolysis gasifies: using plasma pyrolysis gasification installation, utilizes the self-catalysis of plasma, high temperature, very fast spy
Property, moisture, light oil, low boiling point mink cell focus in oily sludge are desorbed under the high temperature action in plasma pyrolysis gasification furnace；
With water vapour in plasmatorch generator generator after the progress anaerobic cracking of the macromoleculars such as the high mink cell focus of boiling point and asphalitine
The catalytic action of active group ion issues raw water gas reaction, and methanation reaction generates hydrogen, carbon monoxide and methane；To desorption
Gas after complete vapor, hydrocarbon and gasification is dusted, and the biggish ash of granularity flies conveying and is back to pyrolysis gasification furnace
Carry out gasification process；
During pyrolytic gasification, by temperature control make material successively 100~300 DEG C it is dry moisture is deviate from, 300~
500 DEG C of progress pyrolysis section abjection light oils and mink cell focus, then gasify asphalitine for methane, hydrogen at 500~1000 DEG C；
(4) it gas purification: is dusted using sedimentation theory and the gas winged to removing ash with water mist dust-removing, dedusting is laggard
Moisture conveying to the water-oil separating unit of row removal moisture drying, removing is handled；
(5) water-oil separating: water-oil separating is carried out by the mixture of gas purification units treated dust-laden, oil and water.
2. method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the hot water after water-oil separating is for diluting oil-containing in step (1)
Sludge realizes that solid-to-liquid ratio is adjusted；60~80 DEG C are warming up in step (1) by the way of filling into steam into system, the steam
Generation using step (4) gas after dry as fuel to water heating generation steam.
3. a kind of tank bottom disposal of oily sludge system, which is characterized in that including homogeneous unit, solid-liquid separation unit, plasma heat
Solve gasification unit, gas purification units, water-oil separating unit and steam generating unit；
The homogeneous unit includes chemicals dosing plant, homogeneous tank, and the chemicals dosing plant is connected into homogeneous phase at addition with homogeneous tank
Degreaser needed for managing or flocculant；
The solid-liquid separation unit includes centrifuge or filter press, and with greasy filth discharging spiral, the sewage of centrifuge or filter press goes out
Mouth is connected to external Sewage Disposal, and the sludge discharge hole of centrifuge or filter press is connected with greasy filth discharging spiral；
The plasma pyrolysis gasification unit includes plasma pyrolysis gasification furnace, and the plasma pyrolysis gasification furnace is by plasmatorch
Generator, plasma power supply and nitrogen making machine composition；The discharge port of feed inlet and greasy filth the discharging spiral of plasma pyrolysis gasification furnace
Connection；The outlet of nitrogen making machine is connected with the gas feed of plasmatorch generator, and plasmatorch generator is with nitrogen as working medium
Gas generates plasma；
The gas purification units are composed in series by chilling gas wash tower and drying tower, the gas feed of the chilling gas wash tower with etc.
The gas vent of ion pyrolysis gasification furnace is connected to, and the gas vent of chilling gas wash tower is connected to drying tower, liquid outlet opening and oil
The oil water separator of water separative unit is connected to, the burning of the steam boiler of the gas vent and steam generating unit of the drying tower
Room connection, liquid outlet are connected to oil water separator；
The water-oil separating unit includes oil water separator, and the oil water separator is made of coalescer, Slag Scraping Device and grease removal tank,
The oil plant outlet of oil water separator is connected to external contaminated-oil basin, and the outlet of water material is connected to the homogeneous tank of homogeneous unit, by separation
Thinned water of the hot water as tank bottom mud；
The steam generating unit includes steam boiler, and the steam (vapor) outlet and plasma pyrolysis gasification furnace of the steam boiler connect
It is logical, to provide vapor as the gasifying agent of plasma gasification.
4. processing system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the plasmatorch generator is provided with for cooling etc.
The spray water inlet of the chilling gas wash tower of the water-cooling structure of ion torch generator, the water-cooling structure and gas purification units connects
It is logical, water after heat exchange is used as to the water for dust removal of chilling gas wash tower.
5. processing system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the plasma pyrolysis gasification unit unit further includes water
Case and water pump, the water pump are connected to the water-cooling structure of plasma pyrolysis gasification furnace, and cooling water is led into water-cooling structure.
6. processing system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that steam generating unit and the homogeneous tank of homogeneous unit connect
Logical, realization uses steam heating oily sludge to increase its temperature.
7. processing system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that further include ash conveyor, plasma pyrolysis gasification furnace
Discharge port be connected with the import of ash conveyor, oil content will have been handled and be delivered to lower than 3 ‰ lime-ash by ash conveyor
Rickyard storage.
8. processing system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the plasma pyrolysis gasification furnace is by furnace body, plasma
Torch generator, plasma power supply and nitrogen making machine, thermocouple composition, plasmatorch generator respectively with plasma power supply and nitrogen making machine
Connection；The furnace wall face of the plasma furnace body from outside to inside by high density fiberboard, alumina silicate fiber felt, not come spar fiber,
Castable refractory is according to (1-3): (1-2): (1-2): the thickness proportion of (3-4) is constituted, and the thermocouple, which is divided equally, to be arranged in furnace body
The temperature in furnace at different height is detected in short transverse.
9. processing system according to claim 4, which is characterized in that chemicals dosing plant by hopper, metering screw, liquor box, stir
Device and dosing pump composition are mixed, by being entered in liquor box after metering screw metering medicaments by hopper, is mixed with whom and obtains medicine
Feed liquid is added in homogeneous tank by dosing pump.
10. processing system according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the homogeneous tank is mating to be provided with blender, homogeneous tank
Including 2 or more reaction chambers and suspension liquid chamber and grease chamber；It is arranged on the sewage sludge feed pipeline of the centrifuge or filter press
There is sludge pump, be provided with blower on the outlet gas line of the drying tower, delivers the gas to the combustion chamber of steam boiler.
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