CN104819470A - Biomass solid waste and hazardous waste treatment system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a biomass solid waste and hazardous waste treatment system. The biomass solid waste and hazardous waste treatment system sequentially performs pretreatment, feeding, pyrolysis gasification and combustion gas production on materials and performs flue gas treatment on the produced exhaust gas. The combustion temperature of a pyrolysis gasification furnace is controlled at 700 DEG C-900 DEG C to avoid the problem of coking proneness of a fixed bed. The overall operating environment is a reducing atmosphere for effectively suppressing the production of NOx, overall materials in the bed is high in disturbance, and the overall gas production amount and the overall gas production rate are stable. The gas produced by a pyrolysis gasification bed can fully burn and burn out waste liquid and ash produced by the pyrolysis gasification bed to further reduce carbon residue values of the ash and complete eliminate the waste liquid. A bubbling fluidized bed combustion column uses the pyrolysis gasification bed ash as a bed material, and the air entering the combustion column prompts the fluidization of materials in the furnace.

Description

A kind of living beings class solid waste and the useless treatment system of danger

Technical field

The present invention relates to the living beings class resource utilization system technical field being applicable to pyrolytic gasification technique, particularly a kind of living beings class solid waste and the useless treatment system of danger.

Background technology

Biomass waste is mankind's discarded objects that production and consumption produces in the process utilizing living beings.Its traditional processing mode comprises landfill and burning, but there are needs takies a large amount of soil, and easily brings the problem of secondary pollution, more especially has the refuse of harmfulness.

Current, the biomass waste of China has the advantages that generation is large, labile organic compound content is high, if effectively can utilize it, not only can decreasing pollution, and also will contribute to alleviating China's energy starved present situation.

Summary of the invention

In view of this, the invention provides a kind of living beings class solid waste and the useless treatment system of danger, for the living beings class recycling of pyrolytic gasification technique, can effective decreasing pollution.

For achieving the above object, the invention provides following technical scheme:

A kind of living beings class solid waste and the useless treatment system of danger, comprise the pretreatment system, feeding system, pyrolysis gasification system, burning vapour system and the smoke processing system that connect successively;

Described burning vapour processed system wherein comprises combustion furnace and vapour equipment processed, and the outlet side of described combustion furnace is communicated in the inlet end of described vapour equipment processed; Combustion gas feeding mechanism and air feeding mechanism is provided with in described combustion furnace; Described air feeding mechanism comprises an air distribution mechanism that the direction of advance along combustion gas sets gradually, secondary air distribution mechanism and three air distribution mechanisms, a described air distribution mechanism is near the inlet end of described combustion furnace, and described three air distribution mechanisms are near the outlet side of described combustion furnace; Described combustion gas feeding mechanism is arranged between a described air distribution feeding mechanism and described secondary air distribution feeding mechanism.

Preferably, described secondary air distribution mechanism adopts along many tangentially uniform gas circuits of described combustion furnace circumference.

Preferably, described combustion furnace is vertical, and described combustion gas feeding mechanism adopts combustion gas cyclone, and described combustion gas cyclone comprises many circumferentially tangentially uniform branch roads, and each branch road caliber reduces successively according to the distance to main fuel gas inlet.

Preferably, in vertical shaft furnace, adopt biconial porous surely to fire tower as the steady combustion engine structure of flow-disturbing; Described biconial porous is surely fired tower and is comprised two stacked taper combustion stabilizing bodies, and the miner diameter end of described taper combustion stabilizing body, towards the outlet side of described combustion furnace, described taper combustion stabilizing body offers multiple through hole along its axis.

Preferably, described pyrolysis gasification system comprises gasification furnace and gas-solid separating device; The outlet of described gasification furnace is in the entrance of described gas-solid separating device, and the outlet of described gas-solid separating device is for being communicated with the entrance of combustion furnace;

The wind pushing mechanism of described gasification furnace comprises the main air wind pushing mechanism being arranged on its underpart, and is arranged on the fluidisation Secondary Air mechanism of its middle and upper part.

Preferably, described pyrolysis gasification system also comprises air preheater;

Described gas-solid separating device comprises one-level separating mechanism and the second-order separation mechanism; The outlet of described gasification furnace is in the entrance of described one-level separating mechanism, and the solid matter outlet of described one-level separating mechanism is in described gasification furnace; The gas outlet of described one-level separating mechanism is communicated in the entrance of described the second-order separation mechanism, and the gas outlet of described the second-order separation mechanism is communicated in the entrance of described air preheater, and the outlet of described air preheater is for being communicated with the entrance of described combustion furnace.

Preferably, the dreg removing system of described gasification furnace is intermittently starting formula.

Preferably, described pretreatment system comprises: pre-process mechanism and mummification mechanism, and is connected to the conveying mechanism between above-mentioned functions mechanism;

Wherein, the discharge end of described pre-process mechanism is communicated in the feed end of described mummification mechanism;

Described pre-process mechanism comprises disintegrating mechanism and pressure filtration mechanism;

Described pressure filtration mechanism adopts weight formula mechanism, belt mechanism and/or plate and frame mechanism;

The mode that described mummification mechanism adopts conduction-type drier to be combined with tray drying mechanism, and the upper part of described tray drying mechanism offers thermal medium passes into mouth, lower part offers cold medium and passes into mouth.

Preferably, described feeding system comprises solid-state material loading feed system; Described solid-state material loading feed system comprises: stokehold feed bin and feed mechanism; And the quick-break valve be provided with in the path of described feed mechanism for blocking flame and flue gas.

Preferably, described smoke processing system comprise connect successively quench deacidification tower, neutralizing tower, absorption tower, deduster and scrubbing tower.

As can be seen from above-mentioned technical scheme, living beings class solid waste provided by the invention and the useless treatment system of danger, material is successively through pretreatment system, feeding system, pyrolysis gasification system and burning vapour system, produce tail gas through smoke processing system, living beings class solid waste can be realized and useless effective process of endangering, improve the efficiency of carbon con version of gasification efficiency, the intensity of gasification and material; And in burning vapour system processed, the air in combustion furnace is sent into adopt provides three air distributions respectively at diverse location, act as and helps combustion gas to carry out fractional combustion, make combustion gas burn thoroughly within it, thus effectively reduce the discharge of nitrogen oxide.

Accompanying drawing explanation

In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.

The structure chart of the living beings class solid waste that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention and the useless treatment system of danger;

The structural representation of the horizontal combustion furnace that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;

The structural representation of the vertical shaft furnace that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;

The structural representation of the combustion gas cyclone that Fig. 4 provides for the embodiment of the present invention or air cyclone;

The structural representation of the biconial porous stabilizer that Fig. 5 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;

The structural representation of the dreg removing system that Fig. 6 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;

The flow chart of the living beings class solid waste that Fig. 7 provides for the embodiment of the present invention and the useless pretreatment system of danger;

The structure chart of the living beings class solid waste that Fig. 8 provides for the embodiment of the present invention and the useless pretreatment system of danger;

The schematic flow sheet of the solid-state material loading charging that Fig. 9 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;

The device structure schematic diagram of the solid-state material loading charging that Figure 10 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;

The schematic flow sheet of the living beings class solid waste that Figure 11 provides for the embodiment of the present invention and the useless feeding system of danger;

The schematic flow sheet of the smoke processing system that Figure 12 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;

The structural representation of the caustic soda dry powder gathering-device that Figure 13 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein, in the treatment system of Fig. 1,1 is feed system, and 1.1 is solid material feed system, and 1.2 is liquid material feeding system; 2 is gasification furnace, and 2.1 is gasification furnace main air room, and 2.2 is primary and secondary blowing system, and 2.3 is extra bed materials device; 3 is primary cyclone; 4 is material-returning device, and 4.1 is returning charge air compartment; 5 is secondary cyclone; 6 is one-level ash silo, and 6.1 is level-sensing device; 7 is ground ash silo; 8 is high temperature resistant auger; 9 is air preheater; 10 is gasification furnace gas-distributing fan; 11 is high temperature draught fan; 12 is high-temperature fuel gas cyclone, and 13 is combustion furnace; 14 is combustion furnace gas-distributing fan; 15 is deslagging device; 16 is an oil and gas generator; 17 is atomization of liquid jetting device; 18 is secondary oil and gas generator;

In the vertical shaft furnace of Fig. 3,20 is combustion gas cyclone; 31 is an air distribution, and 32 is secondary air distribution, and 33 is three air distributions; 41 surely fire tower for one-level, and 42 surely fire tower for secondary, and 43 are three grades surely fires tower; 50 is first-stage firing chamber; 61 is lower frame portion, and 62 is coupling part, top; 70 is secondary combustion chamber.

Detailed description of the invention

The invention discloses a kind of living beings class solid waste and the useless treatment system of danger, for the living beings class recycling of pyrolytic gasification technique, can effective decreasing pollution.

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.

The embodiment of the present invention provides.Living beings class solid waste and the useless treatment system of danger, its core improvement is, comprises the pretreatment system, feeding system, pyrolysis gasification system, burning vapour system and the smoke processing system that connect successively;

Burning vapour system wherein comprises combustion furnace and vapour equipment processed, and the outlet side of combustion furnace is communicated in the inlet end of vapour equipment processed; Namely in combustion furnace, send into combustion gas and air carries out burn (naked light can be adopted to ignite), afterwards the tail gas that burning produces is sent into vapour equipment processed recovery heat;

Combustion gas feeding mechanism and air feeding mechanism is provided with in combustion furnace; Air feeding mechanism comprises an air distribution mechanism that the direction of advance along combustion gas sets gradually, secondary air distribution mechanism and three air distribution mechanisms, and air distribution mechanism is near the inlet end of combustion furnace, and three air distribution mechanisms are near the outlet side of combustion furnace; Combustion gas feeding mechanism is arranged between an air distribution feeding mechanism and secondary air distribution feeding mechanism.

As can be seen from above-mentioned technical scheme, the living beings class solid waste that the embodiment of the present invention provides and the useless treatment system of danger, material is successively through pretreatment system, feeding system, pyrolysis gasification system and burning vapour system, produce tail gas through smoke processing system, living beings class solid waste can be realized and useless effective process of endangering, improve the efficiency of carbon con version of gasification efficiency, the intensity of gasification and material; And in burning vapour system processed, air in combustion furnace is sent into adopt provides three air distributions respectively at diverse location, act as and helps combustion gas to carry out fractional combustion, make combustion gas burn thoroughly within it, thus effectively reduce the discharge of nitrogen oxide, improve the efficiency of carbon con version of material.The ratio of three air distributions is determined according to actual conditions by those skilled in the art.The ratio of three air distributions is determined according to actual conditions by those skilled in the art.

Vapour equipment processed, according to ecological requirements, divides different flue-gas temperatures and utilizes gradient, is waste heat boiler in form:

1) thermograde is 1300-180 degree Celsius;

Be made up of waste heat boiler, air economizer, economizer etc., gas fired-boiler output steam use, air economizer is used for heating flame air distribution, improves efficiency of combustion.

2) thermograde is 1150-500 degree Celsius;

Only have waste heat boiler by main body, no longer set up other energy-saving equipments, mainly prevent the generation of dioxin between 500-200 degree Celsius.

In the specific embodiment that this programme provides, combustion furnace is drum, and its secondary air distribution mechanism adopts along many tangentially uniform gas circuits of combustion furnace (combustion chamber) circumference, and spontaneous combustion is outdoor to inner.Similar, three times air distribution mechanism adopts along many tangentially uniform gas circuits of combustion furnace (combustion chamber) circumference, and spontaneous combustion is outdoor to inner.Above structure ensure that secondary air distribution contacts with the full and uniform of furnace gas with three air distributions.

In order to optimize above-mentioned technical scheme further, being also provided with the steady combustion engine structure of flow-disturbing in combustion furnace, namely in combustion furnace, flow-disturbing being carried out to gas and surely fire, disturb recirculating zone to be formed, carry out accumulation of heat, keep temperature stabilization burning; Can realize the device structure that flow-disturbing surely fires has a variety of, does not do concrete restriction at this.

Different according to the material of combustion gas and disposal, above-mentioned combustion system can be divided into horizontal rotary fractional combustion, vertical rotating fractional combustion.

The structure of horizontal combustion furnace can with reference to shown in Fig. 2, this horizontal rotary fractional combustion stove is made up of high-temperature burner, combustion chamber, auxiliary burner etc., auxiliary burner is positioned at the rear end of high-temperature burner or the front end of combustion chamber, and wherein high-temperature burner is made up of combustion gas cyclone, air cyclone etc.; The feeding of combustion gas adopts combustion gas cyclone, one time air distribution mechanism adopts air cyclone, the direction of rotation of combustion gas cyclone and air cyclone is in the same way (be namely along clockwise direction or in the counterclockwise direction), the guide vane of combustion gas cyclone and gas conduct pipe (the high-temperature fuel gas conduit namely in figure, the first down together) axial angle is acute angle, and the guide vane of air cyclone and the second angle of gas conduct pipe axis are acute angle.As preferably, the size of the first angle is 15-45 degree, and the second angle is less than the first angle 5-10 degree.

In the specific embodiment that this programme provides, high-temperature fuel gas pipeline is communicated with perpendicular to the axis of combustion furnace, and combustion gas enters in stove through combustion gas cyclone by above-mentioned pipeline; One time air distribution is main air distribution and primary air cyclone air distribution, is arranged on the inlet end of combustion furnace, and its multiple air inlet is along the uniform setting in axis of combustion furnace; Combustion furnace inlet end is also provided with auxiliary burner.The outlet of high-temperature burner connects combustion chamber, namely enters combustion chamber through high temperature blast tube after combustion gas and an air distribution mixing.As preferably, arrange the guide vane of constant slope in high-temperature fuel gas passage clockwise, length is with plagioclase degree; Arrange with gradient guide vane clockwise in Secondary Air wind conduit, length is with plagioclase degree.The air of an air distribution and secondary air distribution provides by air inlet main pipe road.Two tertiary air hydrocyclone structures are different from primary air cyclone, and two tertiary air cyclones are that many gas circuits are tangentially uniform along combustion chamber circumference, and spontaneous combustion is outdoor to inner.

In horizontal combustion furnace, adopt vertical cylinder as the steady combustion engine structure of flow-disturbing, comprise the one-level be arranged between combustion gas cyclone and an air distribution mechanism and surely fire post, with the secondary be arranged between secondary air distribution mechanism and three air distribution mechanisms surely fires post, be positioned at middle part, combustion chamber.The axis of vertical cylinder, perpendicular to the axis of combustion furnace, can adopt cross section to be the cylinder of positive square, and form above-mentioned vertical cylinder at its edge circle of contact.

The structure of vertical shaft furnace can with reference to shown in Fig. 3, wherein the feeding of combustion gas adopts combustion gas cyclone 20, this combustion gas cyclone 20 comprises many along the tangentially uniform branch road of combustion chamber circumference, each branch road spontaneous combustion is outdoor to inner, and each branch road caliber reduces successively according to the distance to main fuel gas inlet; Its structure can with reference to shown in Fig. 4, and main fuel gas inlet is communicated in the pipeline of outer ring annular, and the inlet communication of each branch road is in the diverse location of outer ring annulus line; Each the main fuel gas inlet position of route is uniformly distributed along the circumference, and feature is that each branch road caliber reduces successively along away from main fuel gas inlet (being specially according to clockwise direction at this); Such structure can ensure that the intake velocity of each branch road is consistent, and combustion gas is sent into evenly.In addition, the high-temperature fuel gas cyclone 20 that this programme provides, the air intake caliber of its multiple branch road is different, and air quantity is identical, and wind speed is different, and different from the mode of secondary wind distribution in prior art, this structure achieves a substandard cloth wind, even distributing wind.

As preferably, in vertical shaft furnace, adopt biconial porous surely to fire tower surely fire for flow-disturbing, as heat storage; Its structure can with reference to shown in Fig. 5, biconial porous is surely fired tower and is comprised two stacked in the same way taper combustion stabilizing bodies, the miner diameter end of taper combustion stabilizing body, towards the outlet side of combustion furnace, taper combustion stabilizing body offers multiple through hole along its axis, is specifically as follows the circular hole be opened on its sidewall and top.Gas rises to biconial porous when surely firing tower, disturbed formation backflow under the effect of taper combustion stabilizing body, departs from continue to rise finally by aperture; The biconial porous that this programme provides surely is fired tower and is formed in bipyramid and disturb recirculating zone, can effectively keep temperature stabilization to burn, and can also play certain gear ash effect, namely lime-ash with flue gas rise so far stopped by taper combustion stabilizing body after fall after rise.Certainly, the structure of surely firing for realizing flow-disturbing is not limited only to this, as long as the effect that can play interference to air-flow or gather; Can also adopt single, or more than the taper combustion stabilizing body of two.

Biconial porous is surely fired tower and annular element installation can be adopted fixing, and the extension of annular element rides on furnace wall.

In the specific embodiment that this programme provides, flow-disturbing surely fires structure and comprises the one-level be arranged between an air distribution 31 and secondary air distribution 32 and surely fire tower 41, the secondary be arranged between secondary air distribution 32 and three air distributions 33 surely fires tower 42, and three grades of being arranged on above three air distributions 33 surely fire tower 43.

In order to optimize above-mentioned technical scheme further, combustion furnace also comprises the mechanism of igniting be arranged between secondary combustion chamber 42 and three air distributions 33, as secondary oil and gas generator, for stabilization of export temperature.Ignite and can adopt standby firing system, be made up of burner, branch road nozzles such as fuel oil, natural gas or biogas, effect is altar lamp and smooth combustion, ensures chamber temperature.

In the specific embodiment that this programme provides, vertical rotating fractional combustion stove adopts bubbling fluidized bed, and material and air equivalent are excessive oxygen-excess combustion mode than air distribution, is made up of first-stage firing chamber 50 and secondary combustion chamber 70 and coupling part; Coupling part wherein, plays linking one secondary combustion chamber, comprises the lower frame portion 61 of back taper, and the coupling part, top 62 of positive taper; The bigger diameter end of bottom inverted cone-shaped structure is communicated in the outlet side of first-stage firing chamber 50, can play the effect that resistance ash raises up, be beneficial to the collection of lime-ash; The miner diameter end of the positive pyramidal structure in top is communicated in the miner diameter end of bottom inverted cone-shaped structure, and the bigger diameter end of the positive pyramidal structure in top is communicated in the inlet end of secondary combustion chamber 70, can cut down flue gas pressure, and part flying dust is fallen after rise to first-stage firing chamber 50.

Establish combustion gas cyclone 20, standby firing system in first-stage firing chamber 50 wherein, blowing system, dreg removing system, liquid material atomization system, a biconial porous surely fires tower etc.; Flue gas flow velocity in first-stage firing chamber 50 is 2-4m/s, running temperature 850-900 degree, and flue gas is greater than 2s to Outlet time.

Standby firing system is made up of burner, branch road nozzles such as fuel oil, natural gas or biogas, and effect is altar lamp and smooth combustion, ensures chamber temperature; As an oil and gas generator, ignite for naked light.

Arrange air distribution plate in a blowing system, air distribution plate is arranged non-return blast cap, an air distribution (i.e. main air distribution) enters air compartment and enters combustion furnace by the blast cap of air distribution plate.

Dreg removing system is made up of the castable on air distribution plate in stove, scum pipe, pneumatic obstruct valve, high temp .-resistant valve and cold slag device; castable for insulation blocking offers opening; scum pipe connects the opening of castable; pneumatic obstruct valve is provided with in scum pipe; high temp .-resistant valve, pneumatic obstruct valve is opened successively when needs deslagging; lime-ash etc. enter scum pipe under furnace pressure; through pneumatic obstruct valve, high temp .-resistant valve, after enter cold slag device (water-cooled shell type or disc type or pond, ground).

In order to optimize above-mentioned technical scheme further, the end face for castable forms the deslagging guide face of inclination, and the scum pipe of dreg removing system connects the minimum point of deslagging guide face; Compared with the planar top surface of existing castable, the deslagging guide face of inclination is conducive to the timely discharge of lime-ash, thus effectively avoids coking phenomenon.

In the specific embodiment that this programme provides, the deslagging guide face of castable end face is back taper, and scum pipe is connected to back taper castable central opening.

Dreg removing system Main Function in combustion furnace lime-ash cause more furnace pressure too high, have coking situation before open, discharge section lime-ash balances furnace pressure.As preferably, dreg removing system is that batch (-type) is opened, and namely opens primary device at set intervals and carries out deslagging;

Liquid material atomization system, mainly becomes atomizer, and the head of liquid material at atomizer under compressed-air actuated effect is broken up, and forms fine mist through spraying fast; Broken up by a large amount of moving high-temperature ash after liquid material sprays into combustion tower and mix rapidly with red-hot slag particle, rapidly dry, catch fire and burn, burning condition is better than other burning facility, can obtain good efficiency of combustion.

Secondary combustion chamber 70 establishes two or three grades of air cyclones, standby firing system, two or three grades of biconial porous surely fire tower etc., flue gas average residence time in secondary combustion chamber 70 is greater than 2s, running temperature 900-1150 degree, exhanst gas outlet cigarette temperature 1150 degree, flue gas is greater than 2s to Outlet time.

Two or three grades of air cyclone structures, with the combustion gas cyclone 20 in first-stage firing chamber 50, act as fractional combustion, and burning thoroughly.

Two or three grades of biconial porous are surely fired tower and are surely fired tower with the biconial porous in first-stage firing chamber 50.

Horizontally all establish multiple layer refractory heat-insulation layer with vertical combustor, ground floor is the brick layer of side towards the fire or castable, and feature is high temperature resistant, anti-thermal shock, resistance to erosion; The second layer is insulating brick course or castable; Third layer is insulation brick course or castable, and other layers are insulated pouring material, and runtime outer wall of combustion chamber temperature is not more than 60 degree.

Operationally, combustion furnace adopts the lime-ash of pyrolytic gasification bed to expect as bed, and air impels the goods fluid in stove after entering combustion tower, completes calcination removing carbon residue process; After waste liquid inputs combustion tower by charging gear, broken up by a large amount of moving high-temperature ash immediately and mix rapidly with red-hot slag particle, because the amount of stored heat of bed material is very big, waste liquid in fluid bed rapidly dry, catch fire and burn, burning condition is better than other burning facility, can obtain good efficiency of combustion; High-temperature fuel gas cyclone is blown into by high temperature draught fan by the high-temperature fuel gas of pyrolytic gasification bed output, enter in combustion furnace again and burn completely, carry out abundant calcination to the lime-ash of waste liquid, pyrolytic gasification bed output to burnout, further reduce the carbon residue in lime-ash and thoroughly eliminate waste liquid; Ash after final burning is collected through deslagging device.

Pyrolysis gasification system comprises gasification furnace 2 and gas-solid separating device; The outlet of this gasification furnace 2 is in the entrance of gas-solid separating device, and the outlet of this gas-solid separating device is for being communicated with the entrance of combustion furnace 13;

By blowing in gasification furnace 2, this air-supply and the mixing of materials sent into through feed system 1, and react under the effect of the bed material added through extra bed materials device 2.3, output combustion gas; Material (namely above-mentioned living beings class solid waste and danger are given up) completes drying, pyrolysis and gasification, output combustion gas, semicoke and lime-ash etc. in pyrolysis gasification furnace 2; Wherein, the wind pushing mechanism of gasification furnace 2 comprises the main air wind pushing mechanism (main air is sent in the gasification furnace main air room 2.1 that can be specially by being arranged on below) being arranged on its underpart, with the fluidisation Secondary Air mechanism being arranged on its middle and upper part, its structure can with reference in Fig. 1 shown in primary and secondary blowing system 2.2; Density during main air contact material is also comparatively large, effectively can improve gasification efficiency by fluidisation Secondary Air.Afterwards gas solid separation is carried out to the combustion gas of output, by the fuel gas transmission separated in combustion furnace; In above-mentioned gas solid separation by the solid matter such as semicoke and lime-ash by high-temperature fuel gas in separate.

The living beings class solid waste that the embodiment of the present invention provides and the useless pyrolysis gasification system of danger, bottom main air wind pushing mechanism is set in gasification furnace simultaneously, with the fluidisation Secondary Air mechanism of middle and upper part, the make a living drying of material type material in stove, pyrolysis and gasification provides good condition, thus effectively improves gasification efficiency.

The liquid feed mouth of liquid material feeding system 1.2 is arranged on the top certain altitude of the solid feedstock mouth of solid material feed system 1.1,200mm-500mm can be specially, the liquid material entered is spray pattern, thus make full use of the flame envelope temperature of solid material burning, more preferably gasification result can be reached in gasification furnace.

Arrange air distribution plate in gasification furnace main air room 2.1, air distribution plate is arranged non-return blast cap, main air enters air compartment and enters gasification furnace 2 by the blast cap of air distribution plate; Fluidisation Secondary Air mechanism is positioned at the middle and upper part body of heater (emulsion zone and dilute-phase zone transitional region) of gasification furnace 2, and tangentially enters along body of heater circumference, in stove, form cyclone gas, the required oxygen amount of supply gasification; Above the charging aperture of feed system 1,1-2m arranges extra bed materials device 2.3, for the stable operation of regulable control stove.Overall operation environment in gasification furnace 2 is reduction atmosphere, effectively can suppresses the generation of NOx.The air-supply of gasification furnace 2 adopts oxygen depletion system, and temperature controls at 750-850 DEG C.

As preferably, fluidisation Secondary Air mechanism generally adopts the medium identical with main air wind pushing mechanism.

In the specific embodiment that this programme provides, wind pushing mechanism also comprises reformation tertiary air mechanism, to optimize the air-supply condition in gasification furnace 2 further.

Reformation tertiary air mechanism can adopt the medium identical with main air wind pushing mechanism, or other can participate in the medium of material reforming reaction, such as water vapour or hydrogen etc., thus effectively improves gasification efficiency.

In the specific embodiment that this programme provides, water vapour conveying mechanism (not shown) is also provided with in gasification furnace 2, for carrying water vapour in gasification furnace 2, mainly play the effect of regulation and control in-furnace temperature, the temperature in guarantee gasification furnace 2 is in controlled range.As preferably, the water vapour inlet pipe of above-mentioned water vapour conveying mechanism is arranged in gasification furnace main air room 2.1.

The living beings class solid waste that the embodiment of the present invention provides and the useless pyrolysis gasification system of danger, also comprise air preheater 9, effect is the temperature that heating enters the above-mentioned air-supply of gasification furnace 2, improves the raising that wind-warm syndrome contributes to the pyrolytic gasification degree of material, and then improves gasification efficiency;

Gas-solid separating device comprises one-level separating mechanism and the second-order separation mechanism, specifically can adopt cyclone separator in this programme, and its structure can with reference to shown in the primary cyclone 3 in Fig. 1 and secondary cyclone 5; The outlet of gasification furnace 2 is in the entrance of primary cyclone 3, and the solid matter outlet of primary cyclone 3 is in gasification furnace 2; One-level separation is carried out in combustion gas through primary cyclone 3 pairs of gasification furnace 2 outputs, the solid matters such as the semicoke separated enter material-returning device 4 from tremie pipe, under the effect of returning charge wind (being communicated in the returning charge blower fan of returning charge air compartment 4.1), reenter gasification furnace 2, complete circulation pyrolysis, gasification;

The gas outlet of primary cyclone 3 is communicated in the entrance of secondary cyclone 5, and the gas outlet of secondary cyclone 5 is communicated in the entrance of air preheater 9, and the outlet of air preheater 9 is for being communicated with the entrance of combustion furnace 13; Secondary gas solid separation is carried out to the combustion gas through one-level gas solid separation, heating in the fuel gas transmission separated to air preheater 9 is entered the wind pushing temperature of gasification furnace, high-temperature fuel gas from air preheater 9 out after, be blown into high-temperature fuel gas cyclone 12 by high temperature draught fan 11, then enter in combustion furnace 13 and burn completely.

It should be noted that, refer to by (conveying) path of label to be the members of A in label the be parts of B by-mark the A-B that connects in accompanying drawing 1, such as marking 4-2 is by the returning charge path of material-returning device 4 to gasification furnace 2, and other in like manner just do not describe one by one at this.

The combustion gas be separated through primary cyclone 3 enters secondary cyclone 5, and in the process of secondary separation, the ash content of more than 99% enters ash silo from tremie pipe.To the ash separated according to after constituent analysis, arrange different disposing techniques: can directly discharge through ash silo for biomass ash, after cooling device cooling, dress bag is used as potash fertilizer base-material or insulation material additive; Then through ash silo, ground ash silo is drained into for the ash being defined as danger useless, high temperature resistant auger 8 under ash silo is delivered to calcination in combustion furnace 13 and is less than 0.001% to carbon yield, the entrance of lime-ash outlet for being communicated with combustion furnace 13 of secondary cyclone 5, is about to be transported in combustion furnace 13 through the second-order separation ash out.Further, between secondary cyclone 5 and combustion furnace 13, arrange multiple ash silo, for the temporary of ash and adjustment ash quantity, its structure with reference to shown in the one-level ash silo 6 in Fig. 1 and ground ash silo 7, and can be provided with level-sensing device 6.1 at one-level ash silo 6 place.As preferably, combustion furnace 13 adopts vertical bubbling fluidized bed combustion tower.

In order to ensure the continuous and steady operation of gasification furnace, be convenient to maintenance maintenance, gasification furnace is provided with subsystem and the devices such as overall temperature and pressure monitoring system, extra bed material system, dreg removing system, ash disposal system, high-temperature explosion-proof pressure relief device, manhole simultaneously.

Overall temperature and pressure monitoring system is wherein made up of on-the-spot primary instrument (temperature, pressure, flow), data acquisition module, bus and host computer etc., between above-mentioned parts, communication connects, can realize showing on the spot, telecreen Presentation Function, and be provided with overtemperature, superpressure, super flow alarm function, for the continuous and steady operation of gasification furnace is given security.

Concrete, the temperature in monitoring gasification furnace 2 and/or pressure, when the temperature measured and/or pressure exceed preset range, regulate the air quantity of air-supply, and the inventory of/pressure feed system.Namely in conjunction with the temperature and pressure in gasification furnace 2, can circulating ratio be adjusted by Joint regulation (main air, returning charge wind, inlet amount, bed doses), realize the best gasification efficiency of different material.

Extra bed material system is made up of hopper, blocked valve and feeder, is provided with auger in feeder, and feeder obliquely or level is installed and body of heater is outside, and feeder and blocked valve form to be guaranteed to avoid furnace high-temperature combustion gas leakage herein.

Dreg removing system Main Function in gasification furnace 2 lime-ash cause more furnace pressure too high, have coking situation before open, discharge section lime-ash balances furnace pressure.As preferably, dreg removing system is that batch (-type) is opened, and namely opens primary device at set intervals and carries out deslagging; General opening and closing time is 30 minutes, opens and closes one time 10 seconds to 1 minute.In order to optimize above-mentioned technical scheme further, lime-ash scorching hot in gasification furnace 2 being entered ground ash silo 7 through path 2-7 and is delivered to combustion furnace 13 as bed material (the pressure-fired conveying by gasification furnace 2) through high temperature resistant auger 8.

Dreg removing system is made up of the castable on air distribution plate in stove, scum pipe, pneumatic obstruct valve, high temp .-resistant valve and slag cooler, castable offers opening, scum pipe connects the opening of castable, pneumatic obstruct valve is provided with in scum pipe, high temp .-resistant valve, pneumatic obstruct valve is opened successively when needs deslagging, lime-ash etc. enter scum pipe under furnace pressure, through pneumatic obstruct valve, high temp .-resistant valve, after enter cold slag device (water-cooled shell type or disc type or pond, ground).

In order to optimize above-mentioned technical scheme further, the end face of castable forms the deslagging guide face of inclination, and the scum pipe of dreg removing system connects the minimum point of deslagging guide face; Compared with the planar top surface of existing castable, the deslagging guide face of inclination is conducive to the timely discharge of lime-ash, thus effectively avoids coking phenomenon.

In the specific embodiment that this programme provides, the deslagging guide face of castable end face is back taper, and scum pipe is connected to back taper castable central opening, and its structure can with reference to shown in Fig. 6.

Ash disposal system is made up of one-level ash silo, ground ash silo, air-transport system, level-sensing device, discharge valve, high temperature conveying auger etc., the synergy of one-level ash silo, ground ash silo ensures the stable conveying of rear end lime-ash, one-level ash silo, ground ash silo all arrange level-sensing device, level-sensing device is used for grey position in remote monitoring ash silo, Pneumatic conveyer is used for long-distance sand transport ash, ash is delivered to grey storehouse, and high temperature conveying auger is used for the ash of quantitative continous-stable to be delivered to subordinate's treatment process (as burning, solidification etc.).

High-temperature explosion-proof pressure relief device, at furnace pressure by the effect playing stable pressure release when increasing continuously and healthily, play the effect of quick pressure releasing, balance furnace pressure when furnace pressure increases severely, see patent (ZL201320836658.7) in detail.

Manhole, for maintenance and repair, its structure is three connecting rod ready-packages, and manhole cover is provided with hold-down bolt, can realize single Fast Installation and unlatching, and manhole stove internal heating surface is provided with MULTILAYER COMPOSITE wear resistant heat preserving castable, ensures that external temperature is less than 60 degree.

Pretreatment system comprises: pre-process mechanism and mummification mechanism, and is connected to the conveying mechanism between above-mentioned functions mechanism;

Wherein, the discharge end of pre-process mechanism is communicated in the feed end of mummification mechanism, namely carries out pre-process and mummification successively to material (above-mentioned living beings class solid waste and danger are given up);

Pre-process mechanism comprises disintegrating mechanism and pressure filtration mechanism;

Pressure filtration mechanism adopts weight formula mechanism, belt mechanism and/or plate and frame mechanism; Concrete, adopt weight formula or belt press filtration to remove moisture to dreg type material, adopt plate and frame press filtration to remove moisture to pulp material material;

Mummification mechanism adopts conduction-type drier (horizontal) mode that is combined with tray drying mechanism, and the upper part of tray drying mechanism offers thermal medium passes into mouth, and lower part offers cold medium and passes into mouth; As preferably, first in conduction-type drier, the moisture content of material is down to less than 40%, after pass into thermal medium in the upper part of tray drying mechanism, lower part passes into cold medium.

The living beings class solid waste that the embodiment of the present invention provides and the useless pretreatment system of danger, realize homogenizing of material in disintegrating mechanism, and ensure that the performance of subsequent treatment realizes, by the mode of mechanical dehydration in pressure filtration mechanism, can minimizing and remove the water yield fast, maximise power-saving, in mummification mechanism, adopt the mode that the drying of blade conduction-type is combined with tray drying, conduction-type drying mode wherein has the feature of clean and effective, realize the most of moisture in the wet slag after removing press filtration fast, thermal medium is passed into by upper part in tray drying, lower part passes into cold medium, thermal medium is wherein used for the moisture further removing preposition drying material out, cold medium effectively can reduce the external skin temperatures of material and conduct away the heat that material carried in preposition drying, effective minimizing subsequent material stores and may the too high a series of bridging brought of temperature because of accumulation of heat in conveying, arch camber, the hidden danger such as spontaneous combustion, and realize the requirement meeting the required material water ratio of final gasification.

In the specific embodiment that this programme provides, pre-process mechanism can adopt different structures according to material properties, comprises following three kinds of modes:

The discharge end of disintegrating mechanism is communicated in the feed end of pressure filtration mechanism; The discharge end of pressure filtration mechanism is communicated in the feed end of mummification mechanism; Namely press filtration after first pulverizing;

The discharge end of pressure filtration mechanism is communicated in the feed end of disintegrating mechanism; The discharge end of disintegrating mechanism is communicated in the feed end of mummification mechanism; Namely pulverize after first press filtration.

The discharge end of meal mechanism is communicated in the feed end of pressure filtration mechanism, and the discharge end of pressure filtration mechanism is communicated in the feed end of fine powder mechanism; The discharge end of fine powder mechanism is communicated in the feed end of mummification mechanism; First meal is fine powder after press filtration again.It should be noted that, pulverizing wherein and press filtration can adopt the mode of multistep treatment as required, namely through repeatedly (distinguishing in different ways) pulverizing and press filtration.Material is broken up material loading and is carried out mummification operation after pre-process (as gravity extruding).

In view of the electric power energy consumption of conduction-type drying in mummification mechanism is higher, therefore in order to reduce the energy resource consumption of whole pretreating process, taken off the water in material by the mechanism filter-pressing that energy consumption is relatively low as far as possible.As preferably, in the process of press filtration, remove the total Water of material more than 50%, maximise power-saving to realize; In the process of conduction-type drying, the moisture content of material is down to less than 40%.

For the physicochemical characteristic (mainly referring to moisture content and domain size distribution) of different materials, the technical process in pretreatment system can reduce or increase, if such as the original moisture content of Western medicine bacterium slag, not higher than 65%, can reduce mechanical filter-press arrangement; If in Chinese medicine slag material, more can first pulverizing of berries carries out the separation of slag slurry afterwards, and also comprises slag pulp selector structure in pre-process mechanism, the feed end of slag pulp selector structure is communicated in the discharge end of disintegrating mechanism.Hydraulic pressure weight formula structure can be adopted in press filtration operation, realize hydro-thermal (mummification) broken wall.

In order to reduce the energy resource consumption of whole pretreatment system further, pre-process mechanism also comprises airing mechanism, usually, before being connected to disintegrating mechanism and pressure filtration mechanism, to make full use of the natural conditions such as on-the-spot illumination (as sunshine) and air quantity, green idea is instantly met.Can also leave standstill being first placed on from slag storehouse, underground material in preposition drainage bin, utilizing the effect of gravity to squeeze out portion of water, and discharging by submersible sewage pump under feed bin (water level detecting).As preferably, the liquid deviate from the pretreatment systems such as filtrate waste water collects (can also further purified treatment) by cesspool, and eventually passing through sewage network drains, and its structure can with reference to shown in Fig. 7.

The living beings class solid waste that the embodiment of the present invention provides and the useless pretreatment system of danger, also comprise dedusting mechanism, the inlet end of this dedusting mechanism is communicated in pre-process mechanism and/or mummification mechanism, can be discharged by gas while pre-process and/or mummification.By the dedusting mechanism of being discharged by gas, on the one hand, the dust content in preprocessing environment can be reduced, optimize site environment; On the other hand, the effect of taste removal can also being played, also by taking away moist gas, the effect of removal moisture drying can be reached.

In the specific embodiment that this programme provides, pretreatment system also comprises dust recycling mechanism, and this dust recycling mechanism comprises the condenser, demister and the filter that connect successively, and wherein the inlet end of condenser is communicated in the outlet side of dedusting mechanism.Namely successively condensation, demist and filtration are carried out to above-mentioned gas, its structure can with reference to shown in Fig. 7, most of moisture in gas becomes liquid condensed water through condenser and is discharged, remaining fraction moisture is separated through demister, the material obtaining dust-like is reclaimed after filter (grey bag dust collector), follow-up gasification, and combustion (entering pyrolysis chamber successively after stokehold feed bin and feeder) can be participated in together with the material through mummification, thus effectively improve living beings class solid waste and useless resource utilization rate of endangering.Meanwhile, the dry air obtained through grey bag dust collector can be stored in air tank the burning of material in for subsequent combustion room.By above-mentioned dust recovery process, significantly reduce the discharge of refuse in process tail gas, avoid secondary pollution.

In order to optimize above-mentioned technical scheme further, the thermal medium used in tray drying mechanism is that the flue gas after utilizing material to burn obtains, and without the need to by external heat source, realizes the resource inner loop utilization of living beings class pyrolysis gasification system.This function can be realized by flue gas air-replacement device in Fig. 7.

In the specific embodiment that this programme provides, disintegrating mechanism adopts the mechanical crushing mechanism of tooth-like, blade and/or hammer.Certainly, can also according to actual conditions, such as material variety, the disintegrating mechanism adopt extruding, clashing into or grind.

As preferably, the circulation of mummification mechanism apoplexy for close or semiclosed, to avoid or to reduce discharge Tail Gas.

In order to optimize above-mentioned technical scheme further, pretreatment system also comprises the surge bunker between the above-mentioned functions equipment that is connected to (i.e. disintegrating mechanism, pressure filtration mechanism and mummification mechanism etc.).Except the wet slag storehouse, underground for storing untreated material, with for outside the ground dry residue chamber of material after stores processor, pass through Allocating Surge Bin, the processing demands of a large amount of material can be satisfied with, emergency case can also be tackled simultaneously, such as when certain function device breaks down, play the interim effect stored.Further, can also between adjacent two function devices the multiple surge bunker of serial or parallel connection, to maximize disposal ability.Its structure with reference to shown in the embodiment in Fig. 7, can be in series with the first surge bunker and the second surge bunker, is provided with the 3rd surge bunker between gravity pressing mechanism and many rotary dryers between multi-stage crushing mechanism and gravity pressing mechanism.

As preferably, the above-mentioned feed bin for storing, is designed to outer wall rotary, and rotate by gear driven, and feed bin entirety is up-small and down-big structure, above 2 are played the effect that broken arch prevents fluffy material; Also be provided with the level-sensing device of radar type and emergent device for discharging simultaneously.

Under the storehouse that each storage feed bin adopts, auger comprises multistage varying pitch, unit constant pitch and constant pitch auger group, and the conveying between each function device can adopt belt conveyor, embedded scraper transporter, pipe chain conveyer and/or pneumatic conveyer.

The solid-state material loading feed system of feeding system bag; This solid-state material loading feed system comprises: stokehold feed bin and feed mechanism; And the quick-break valve be provided with in the path of feed mechanism for blocking flame and flue gas, so that be fed in the process of gasification furnace by the solid material in the feed bin of stokehold, in gasification furnace, smoke backflow is to blocking flame and flue gas when feed mechanism.

The living beings class solid waste that the embodiment of the present invention provides and the useless feeding system of danger; in a large amount of exteenal reflux of gasification inner flue gas of the stove to blocking below flame and flue gas when feeding path fast; to prevent the further diffusion of flame and flue gas, the safety effect of proterctive equipment and material (i.e. above-mentioned living beings class solid waste and endanger useless) can be played.

As preferably, also comprise and be provided with temperature measuring equipment in the path of feed mechanism, this temperature measuring equipment is connected with the communication of quick-break valve, and when the measuring tempeature of temperature measuring equipment is higher than predetermined temperature, quick-break valve blocks the path in feed mechanism.This predetermined temperature is the critical-temperature for judging whether to occur tempering determined according to actual conditions.Certainly, a kind of comparatively conventional embodiment is just given at this, those skilled in the art know, and can also judge whether the backflow that there occurs flame and flue gas, do not repeat them here by devices such as the pressure condition in monitoring feeding path or gas componants.

In order to optimize above-mentioned technical scheme further, multiple feeding device is provided with in feed mechanism, multiple feeding device is all connected with temperature measuring equipment communication, and when the measuring tempeature of temperature measuring equipment is higher than predetermined temperature, the direction order that multiple feeding device advances according to material stops successively, i.e. the in-house each feeding device of feed-disabling (be in the present embodiment successively stopping constant feeder and front-furnace feeding machine) successively.By the above-mentioned mode stopped successively according to material direction of advance order, can effectively stop subsequent material to enter or close tempered area, and avoid the blocking of material in local, efficient and rational.Temperature measuring equipment can also be connected with the conveying equipment communication of preorder, namely by the mechanism of siccative storehouse to material loading in the feed bin of stokehold,, then when the measuring tempeature of temperature measuring equipment is higher than predetermined temperature, the conveying equipment of preorder stops prior to the feeding device of feed mechanism.

On the basis of above scheme, dump device and spraying cooling equipment is also provided with in feed mechanism, both are all connected with temperature measuring equipment communication, and when the measuring tempeature of temperature measuring equipment is higher than predetermined temperature, dump device and spraying cooling device start, discharge in time in order to avoid be subject to the impact of tempering by the solid material in feeding path, and reduce the temperature tissue burning of feeding path and interior material thereof by the mode of spray.Realized the safety effect of proterctive equipment and material by above-mentioned three kinds of chain measures simultaneously.As preferably, quick-break valve is Pneumatic high temperature quick-break valve, and this valve actuation power is provided by air compressor machine compressed air, realizes the function of fast shut-off, and valve body material is high-temperature resistant material.

Acting as of stokehold feed bin regulates preposition pretreatment to prepare buffer unit before the intermediate furnace of siccative ability and gasification process siccative ability, plays as subordinate's conveying equipment provides material simultaneously.In the preferred embodiment that this programme provides, stokehold feed bin is that outer wall is rotary, and the merry-go-round type bunker namely in Fig. 9 and Figure 10 is put up a bridge to avoid material.Its spinfunction can be driven by the gear wheel of engagement and pinion and realize.And the high-order radar type material meter that is provided with too much causes overflowing to avoid material wherein in this merry-go-round type bunker.

In the specific embodiment that this programme provides, solid material is entered by the top of stokehold feed bin, then discharges by below it.Further, the cross-sectional area of the inner chamber bottom of stokehold feed bin is greater than the cross-sectional area on its top, and its entirety is up-small and down-big structure, plays the effect that broken arch prevents fluffy material; Be the divergent-cone wall that internal diameter from top to bottom increases gradually at this rotatable stokehold feed bin.

The constant feeder that stokehold feed bin is divided into, effectively can be adjusted the conveying capacity of material, play the object of dosing by frequency control.Be front-furnace feeding machine under Pneumatic high temperature quick-break valve, also incomplete same according to the form of the different batchers of material, its main feature is auger type conveying, and the material low to compression ratio adopts twin axle auger, the employing single shaft varying pitch auger high to compression ratio.

In order to optimize above-mentioned technical scheme further, the quantity of quick-break valve is multiple, adjacent two have a certain distance interval be arranged in feeding path, jointly play better isolated fast before and after the effect of material.General employing two quick-break valves, a centre position (as shown in Figure 9 and Figure 10) being arranged on feeding path, another is installed into the end of path, namely near the charging aperture place of gasification furnace, and the material of main part of rearmounted quick-break valve makes of low heat conductivity, on-deformable material, plays heat insulation effect.

In the specific embodiment that this programme provides, the joining place of feeding path and gasification furnace is provided with the gradually little remaining portion of lumenal cross-section, alters for blocking outside gasification inner flue gas of the stove, ensureing that in batcher be complete occupied state.As preferably, the bottom surface of this remaining portion is by the part of stating gasification furnace higher than its part near feeding path, and namely its bottom surface is the closer to the higher inclined plane of gasification furnace, and its structure can with reference to shown in Figure 10.Be not specifically limited at this as its angle of inclination, those skilled in the art can adopt the remaining portion of different length and inclined bottom surface angle according to the material situation of reality and reaction needed etc., or in remaining portion, adopt bottom surface level and the downward-sloping mode of end face.

In order to optimize above-mentioned technical scheme further, in remaining portion, be provided with feeding wind apparatus.Concrete, can arrange feeding wind in remaining portion place annular according to the density of material and compression ratio, feeding air port is oblique towards in stove, and between blast pipe and body of heater radial direction, gradient is at 0-45 degree, its structure please refer to shown in Figure 10, specifically can adopt the feeding wind that feeding wind cyclone provides above-mentioned.

The living beings class solid waste that the embodiment of the present invention provides and the useless feeding system of danger, also comprise liquid material loading feed system; This liquid material loading feed system comprises delivery pump, stokehold flow container and multiple liquid storage tank; Wherein, the discharging opening of multiple liquid storage tank is all communicated in the charging aperture of stokehold flow container, and delivery pump is connected between liquid storage tank and stokehold flow container; The discharging opening of stokehold flow container is for being communicated with the charging aperture of gasification furnace.Liquid material is separately deposited according to classification, when needing material loading by one or more introducing stokehold flow containers wherein; By separately depositing and material loading charging, avoid influencing each other between dissimilar liquid material; Afterwards the liquid material in the flow container of stokehold is transported in gasification furnace.

In the specific embodiment that this programme provides, liquid material loading feed system also comprises wiper mechanism, from the clear water of expansion tank through transport pump in liquid storage tank, as shown in figure 11, stokehold flow container is introduced at one or more liquid materials, and be transported to after in gasification furnace, can first clean stokehold storage tank with clear water as required, other liquid material of reprocessing; Or clean when impurity blocks.As preferably, in above-mentioned wiper mechanism, hot water is adopted to clean.

In order to optimize above-mentioned technical scheme further, liquid material loading feed system also comprises atomizer, and the charging aperture of atomizer is communicated in the discharging opening of stokehold flow container.The charging aperture place of atomizer is provided with the first orifice plate, and discharging opening is provided with the second orifice plate, and the sidewall of mid portion offers multiple air jet orifices.Liquid material radially advances in pipeline, is first split into the very thin current of multiply by the first orifice plate, enters in the spray chamber in atomizer afterwards, and multiply air is radially sprayed in border through air jet orifices; In above-mentioned spray chamber, liquid-to-air fully contacts mixing, in conjunction with realization atomization; Eventually pass the second orifice plate and spray into gasification furnace.Above-mentioned air can be provided by air compressor machine, temporary in compressed air cylinder.

In addition, according to the difference of calorific value, and the actual needs of subsequent treatment process, operative liquid material can also be delivered directly in combustion tower and directly burn.

In the preferred embodiment that this programme provides, be transported to before in gasification furnace at liquid material, first carry out preheating to it, specifically can carry out at the heat exchanger place after the flow container of stokehold, for follow-up gasification provides good basis, its structure can with reference to shown in Figure 11.

By the above-mentioned liquid material loading feed system for liquid material characteristic, meet the demand of dissimilar material, the living beings class solid waste of perfect this programme and the useless feeding system of danger.

Please refer to shown in Fig. 9, feeding system is convey materials in order, material is delivered to high-order stokehold feed bin (can by bucket type elevator or embedded scraper transporter or high angle belt conveyer conveyer or pipe chain-linked conveyer etc.) by screw conveyor under siccative storehouse, ground; As preferably, for avoiding the airborne dust, emission of bad smell etc. in material conveying process, conveying equipment should be closed conveying.

Smoke processing system comprise connect successively SNCR (SNCR) tower (not shown), quench deacidification tower, neutralizing tower, absorption tower, deduster and scrubbing tower; The flying dust through deduster collection is wherein discharged and focuses on, and the sewage after scrubbing tower wet scrubbing is dealt carefully with through discharging.

The smoke processing system that living beings class solid waste provided by the invention and danger are given up in processing procedure, SNCR process, chilling depickling process, neutralisation treatment, absorption process, dust removal process and carrying out washing treatment are carried out successively to flue gas, thus effectively reduce the discharge of harmful substances from flue gases, ensure that the flue gas of above-mentioned process can qualified discharge.

As preferably, ammoniacal liquor or urea in SNCR tower, is adopted to spray in fume high-temperature district as reducing agent, to suppress the generation of nitrogen oxide, the concentration of control NOx.Concrete, the concentration of ammoniacal liquor or urea is 40%, to reach best effect.

Chilling depickling process can be passed through alkali lye (calcium alkali or soda) and realize, i.e. wet method depickling, the liquid of atomization and the moment of smoke contacts produce physical change and chemical reaction, reach the object removing acid and suppression harmful substance generation (as dioxin) in flue gas.As preferably, adopt NaOH solution to carry out chilling depickling process in quench deacidification tower, concentration can be specially 5%, and now water is all evaporated to water vapour.

In the specific embodiment that this programme provides, through the flue-gas temperature of waste heat boiler at 500-550 degree, after over-quenching depickling process, be reduced to 150-200 degree, carry out neutralisation treatment afterwards.As preferably, NaOH powder in neutralizing tower, is adopted to carry out dry method neutralisation treatment.Be specially and utilize nitrogen to be sprayed in neutralizing tower by the NaOH powder (caustic soda) through heating to react with flue gas.Can first utilize grinder to pulverize caustic soda, as preferably, before NaOH powder sprays into, first be warmed up to more than 100.If adopt calcium hydroxide in neutralisation treatment, the product that itself and flue gas obtain is Powdered, is not easy to reclaim, meeting and subsequent technique mixing of materials, is difficult to be separated, causes its consumption larger; And this programme adopts NaOH powder (caustic soda) in neutralisation treatment, the sulfide that itself and flue gas obtain is graininess, and can carry out recycling easily, consumption is very little, thus effectively reduces the cost of fume treatment.

In order to optimize above-mentioned technical scheme further, also comprise in neutralisation treatment: Transformatin and recycling are carried out to the flue gas after NaOH powder dry process, Transformatin refers to filter the sulfide grain in flue gas, and recycling refers to collect sulfide grain and chemical treatment obtains NaOH.

The concrete mode of Transformatin can with reference to shown in the caustic soda dry powder gathering-device in Figure 13, the entrance of the filler recovery device in it is arranged lower than outlet, be provided with filter mechanism in its path, the micropore that it is offered effectively can stop solid matter (particle).Operationally, flue gas is entered by the entrance of filler recovery device low level, and in the process that within it chamber path rises, granular sulfide cannot pass through filter mechanism, finally leaves from the outlet of a high position, enter follow-up treating apparatus through the flue gas be separated.

In order to optimize above-mentioned technical scheme further, filler recovery device is rotary type, is specially in the present embodiment and rotates around the vertical axis of caustic soda dry powder gathering-device, thus produce centrifugal force, helps the falling of granular sulfide to the collecting mechanism of below.

The living beings class solid waste that the embodiment of the present invention provides and the smoke processing system that danger is given up in processing procedure, adopt active carbon to carry out absorption process, the dioxin in absorption flue gas and heavy metal in absorption tower.

Neutralisation treatment of the prior art and absorption process are often carried out in same reaction tower, and neutralisation treatment, at low level, absorbs process in a high position, causes the material of two processing procedures to mix, be difficult to separation and recovery, cause the consumption of material larger.In order to address this problem, in scheme, neutralisation treatment and absorption process are carried out in different reaction towers, and namely the layout respectively on neutralizing tower and absorption tower, avoids the mixing of two kinds of reaction masses, is convenient to recycle and reuse, thus effectively cuts operating costs.

As preferably, the form that deduster adopts bag-type dust, ceramic capillary dedusting and/or water film dedusting to combine, will the active carbon trapping of absorption dioxin.

In the specific embodiment that this programme provides, the gas outlet of quench deacidification tower is communicated in the air inlet of neutralizing tower bottom, and the gas outlet on neutralizing tower top is communicated in the air inlet on absorption tower; And the flow-disturbing mechanism be provided with in neutralizing tower for hindering flue gas to rise, flue gas is detained in neutralizing tower, carries out the time of neutralisation treatment with prolong smoke, ensure that neutralization reaction is abundant.

In order to optimize above-mentioned technical scheme further, the gas outlet on neutralizing tower top is communicated in the air inlet of bottom, absorption tower, and the gas outlet on top, absorption tower is communicated in the air inlet of deduster; Be provided with the flow-disturbing mechanism for hindering flue gas to rise in absorption tower, flue gas is detained in absorption tower, carry out with prolong smoke the time absorbing process, ensure fully to absorb the dioxin in flue gas and heavy metal.

As preferably, the structure of the flow-disturbing mechanism in neutralizing tower and absorption tower can be specially: first end is fixedly connected on the inwall of tower, and the second end points to the inside of tower; Further, the height of the second end lower than the height of first end, to play better obstruction flow-disturbing effect to flue gas.

Often containing liquid (as water droplet) in flue gas, produce white cigarette when discharging, the limited height that such flue gas rises, and be unfavorable for diffusion.In the specific embodiment that this programme provides, after scrubbing tower, being also connected with flue gas reheater, for adding heat smoke, by liquid (as water droplet) vaporization wherein, flue gas diffusion can being beneficial to, avoiding affecting surrounding enviroment.

The living beings class solid waste that the embodiment of the present invention provides and the smoke processing system that danger is given up in processing procedure, also comprise the air-introduced machine be connected between deduster and scrubbing tower.

Flue gas through repeatedly washing out from scrubbing tower is discharged through chimney, in order to optimize above-mentioned technical scheme further, chimney arranges smoke on-line monitoring system, the exhaust gas constituents that can discharge in air at Real-Time Monitoring, when the index of harmful substance transfinites, send warning, with timely correcting process system; Or directly feed back to the functional realiey module of each treatment process, such as increase the consumption of NaOH solution in quench deacidification tower, the consumption of NaOH powder in neutralizing tower, the consumption of active carbon in absorption tower, improve the dust collection capacity of deduster, increase the washing times in scrubbing tower.

The basic technology of this programme: SNCR+ quench tower+dry method+active carbon injection+sack cleaner+wet scrubber tower+flue gas reheater.Certainly, according to ecological requirements, smoke processing system is not quite similar, and can carry out suitable adjustment according to actual conditions to the concrete system in above steps.

In this description, each embodiment adopts the mode of going forward one by one to describe, and what each embodiment stressed is the difference with other embodiments, between each embodiment identical similar portion mutually see.

To the above-mentioned explanation of the disclosed embodiments, professional and technical personnel in the field are realized or uses the present invention.To be apparent for those skilled in the art to the multiple amendment of these embodiments, General Principle as defined herein can without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention, realize in other embodiments.Therefore, the present invention can not be restricted to these embodiments shown in this article, but will meet the widest scope consistent with principle disclosed herein and features of novelty.

Claims (10)

1. living beings class solid waste and the useless treatment system of danger, is characterized in that, comprise the pretreatment system, feeding system, pyrolysis gasification system, burning vapour system and the smoke processing system that connect successively;

Described burning vapour processed system wherein comprises combustion furnace and vapour equipment processed, and the outlet side of described combustion furnace is communicated in the inlet end of described vapour equipment processed; Combustion gas feeding mechanism and air feeding mechanism is provided with in described combustion furnace; Described air feeding mechanism comprises an air distribution mechanism that the direction of advance along combustion gas sets gradually, secondary air distribution mechanism and three air distribution mechanisms, a described air distribution mechanism is near the inlet end of described combustion furnace, and described three air distribution mechanisms are near the outlet side of described combustion furnace; Described combustion gas feeding mechanism is arranged between a described air distribution feeding mechanism and described secondary air distribution feeding mechanism.

2. living beings class solid waste according to claim 1 and the useless treatment system of danger, it is characterized in that, described secondary air distribution mechanism adopts along many tangentially uniform gas circuits of described combustion furnace circumference.

3. living beings class solid waste according to claim 2 and the useless treatment system of danger, it is characterized in that, described combustion furnace is vertical, described combustion gas feeding mechanism adopts combustion gas cyclone, described combustion gas cyclone comprises many circumferentially tangentially uniform branch roads, and each branch road caliber reduces successively according to the distance to main fuel gas inlet.

4. living beings class solid waste according to claim 3 and the useless treatment system of danger, is characterized in that, adopt biconial porous surely to fire tower as the steady combustion engine structure of flow-disturbing in vertical shaft furnace; Described biconial porous is surely fired tower and is comprised two stacked taper combustion stabilizing bodies, and the miner diameter end of described taper combustion stabilizing body, towards the outlet side of described combustion furnace, described taper combustion stabilizing body offers multiple through hole along its axis.

5. the living beings class solid waste according to claim 1-4 any one and the useless treatment system of danger, it is characterized in that, described pyrolysis gasification system comprises gasification furnace and gas-solid separating device; The outlet of described gasification furnace is in the entrance of described gas-solid separating device, and the outlet of described gas-solid separating device is for being communicated with the entrance of combustion furnace;

The wind pushing mechanism of described gasification furnace comprises the main air wind pushing mechanism being arranged on its underpart, and is arranged on the fluidisation Secondary Air mechanism of its middle and upper part.

6. living beings class solid waste according to claim 5 and the useless treatment system of danger, it is characterized in that, described pyrolysis gasification system also comprises air preheater;

Described gas-solid separating device comprises one-level separating mechanism and the second-order separation mechanism; The outlet of described gasification furnace is in the entrance of described one-level separating mechanism, and the solid matter outlet of described one-level separating mechanism is in described gasification furnace; The gas outlet of described one-level separating mechanism is communicated in the entrance of described the second-order separation mechanism, and the gas outlet of described the second-order separation mechanism is communicated in the entrance of described air preheater, and the outlet of described air preheater is for being communicated with the entrance of described combustion furnace.

7. living beings class solid waste according to claim 6 and the useless treatment system of danger, it is characterized in that, the dreg removing system of described gasification furnace is intermittently starting formula.

8. living beings class solid waste according to claim 1 and the useless treatment system of danger, it is characterized in that, described pretreatment system comprises: pre-process mechanism and mummification mechanism, and is connected to the conveying mechanism between above-mentioned functions mechanism;

Wherein, the discharge end of described pre-process mechanism is communicated in the feed end of described mummification mechanism;

Described pre-process mechanism comprises disintegrating mechanism and pressure filtration mechanism;

Described pressure filtration mechanism adopts weight formula mechanism, belt mechanism and/or plate and frame mechanism;

The mode that described mummification mechanism adopts conduction-type drier to be combined with tray drying mechanism, and the upper part of described tray drying mechanism offers thermal medium passes into mouth, lower part offers cold medium and passes into mouth.

9. living beings class solid waste according to claim 1 and the useless treatment system of danger, it is characterized in that, described feeding system comprises solid-state material loading feed system; Described solid-state material loading feed system comprises: stokehold feed bin and feed mechanism; And the quick-break valve be provided with in the path of described feed mechanism for blocking flame and flue gas.

10. living beings class solid waste according to claim 1 and the useless treatment system of danger, is characterized in that, described smoke processing system comprise connect successively SNCR tower, quench deacidification tower, neutralizing tower, absorption tower, deduster and scrubbing tower.