CN205295250U - Two sections pyrolysis gasification system of solid waste based on fluidized bed and removal bed - Google Patents

Two sections pyrolysis gasification system of solid waste based on fluidized bed and removal bed Download PDF

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Publication number
CN205295250U
CN205295250U CN201521070282.9U CN201521070282U CN205295250U CN 205295250 U CN205295250 U CN 205295250U CN 201521070282 U CN201521070282 U CN 201521070282U CN 205295250 U CN205295250 U CN 205295250U
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bed
pyrolyzer
gasifier
pyrolysis
solid waste
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代建军
李晶
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Abstract

The utility model relates to a two sections pyrolysis gasification system of solid waste based on fluidized bed and removal bed. The system includes circulating fluidized bed vaporizer and its secondary cyclone, pyrolysis apparatus and its whirlwind disconnect -type reactor, biological charcoal collector, solid waste charge -in system etc. Two segmentation pyrolysis gasification is realized with removal bed pyrolysis apparatus to the circulating fluidized bed vaporizer to utilize whirlwind disconnect -type reactor to realize that thereby the intensive mixing of heat bed material and pyrolysis gas has greatly promoted tar schizolysis and gas purification, the utility model discloses a vaporizer and pyrolysis apparatus type of construction's optimal design, different bed material mix flat improvement of use, bed material circulation flow system and gas -solid mixing water and charge -in system's improvement, and coproduction synthetic gas and pyrolysis gas have greatly improved whole pyrolysis gasification efficiency and pyrolysis gas calorific value, have reduced synthetic gas and pyrolysis gas tar content, and synthetic gas and pyrolysis gas do not contain pollutants such as dioxin, prepare high -quality clean pyrolysis gas and synthetic gas effectively.

Description

Based on solid waste two sections of pyrolysis gasification systems of fluidized-bed and moving-bed
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of solid waste pyrolysis gasifying device, in particular to a kind of based on solid waste two sections of pyrolysis gasification systems of fluidized-bed and moving-bed.
Background technology
The energy is the basis that modern society depends on for existence and development, and the situation is tense for the current energy resource supply of China, and environmental problem is serious, and development clean reproducible energy has become urgent problem. Agricultural and rubbish the like waste belong to low-carbon energy, in the resource of state-owned abundant agricultural and rubbish the like waste, its research and development, popularize and contribute to the discharge of decreasing pollution thing and improve the ecological environment. Industrial sludge is also solid waste in need of immediate treatment, and pyrolytic gasification will be effective promising processing mode. The burning of rubbish the like waste easily produces the pollutents such as Dioxins, and this problem annoyings refuse treatment industry always. Pyrolytic gasification technology relatively directly fires more cleaning and efficient a kind of transform mode, is fundamentally inhibiting the generation of the pollutents such as Dioxins, and pyrolysis gas and synthetic gas both may be used for heat production generating, synthol and chemical, it is also possible to hydrogen manufacturing.
Indirect heating pyrolytic technique can effectively realize the natural separation of nitrogen and pyrolysis gas in air thus improve the calorific value of pyrolysis gas, at home and abroad development is very fast in recent years, but all well can not meet tar and pollutant load is few, calorific value height, cost are lower requirement simultaneously. Compared with tradition pyrolysis, microwave heating has unique heat and mass rule, and not only homogeneous heating, speed are fast, temperature adjustable, and pyrolytic process and expection final product easily control, and safe and harmless, its main advantage is pollution-free. The gas that pyrolysis obtains is rich in hydrogen, carbon monoxide, methane; The component concentration height of high added value in bio oil; Solid biologic charcoal specific surface area is big, high adsorption capacity. There is many literature research microwave-heating both at home and abroad, but it is mostly the fixture bed experiment device adopting periodical operation, still there is no report and the record of continuously feeding moving-bed microwave-heating device at present. Also the technology indirect heating pyrolytic technique and microwave heating not combined effectively at present both at home and abroad and device.
Practical novel content
The purpose of this utility model one is: develop a kind of solid waste two sections of pyrolysis gasification systems based on fluidized-bed and moving-bed and microwave heating to prepare pyrolysis gas and synthetic gas simultaneously, and improves pyrolysis gas calorific value and overall pyrolytic gasification efficiency; Object two is: reduce pyrolysis gas and the coal-tar middle oil content with pollutent of synthetic gas further.
The technical scheme realizing the utility model object is: a kind of based on solid waste two sections of pyrolysis gasification systems of fluidized-bed and moving-bed, this system comprise be connected connection successively solid waste feed system, pyrolyzer, charcoal collector, circulating fluidized bed gasifier, gasifier cyclonic separator, cyclone separating reactor, system generates synthetic gas and pyrolysis gas, described circulating fluidized bed gasifier adopts and loops back materials device, such as loop back material pipe so that part biological charcoal and bed material are circulated to again in circulating fluidized bed gasifier; Pyrolyzer adopts the structure design of screw rod moving-bed, and screw rod is horizontal screw bolt. Pyrolyzer is connected with gasifier cyclonic separator, and its outside can be provided with microwave heating installation so that pyrolyzer can adopt the pyrolysis way that circulation hott bed material heats and microwave heating combines.
Described in the utility model based on solid waste two sections of pyrolysis gasification systems of fluidized-bed and moving-bed, solid waste feed system comprises transfer roller, charging downtake, solid waste is delivered in charging downtake by transfer roller, charging downtake is positioned at above pyrolyzer, its top adds entrance for supplementing bed material, charging downtake pipe shaft stretches into pyrolyzer deep inside, above screw rod. Material inside charging downtake plays material envelope effect.
Pyrolyzer comprises inner horizontal screw bolt reactor, outside microwave heater, and the top of pyrolyzer afterbody is provided with escape pipe, and lower section is provided with discharging pipe;
Charcoal collector is positioned at below pyrolyzer afterbody, and discharging pipe stretches in charcoal collector;
Circulating fluidized bed gasifier comprise inlet system and sealed tube, the bottom of riser tube, bottom slag exit, be connected riser tube and sealed tube loop back material pipe, described sealed tube is connected the bottom connecting charcoal collector;
Gasifier cyclonic separator comprises the gasifier primary cyclone and gasifier secondary cyclone that are connected, described gasifier primary cyclone connects the top of riser tube, the feeding side of pyrolyzer is connected bottom it, the bottom of gasifier secondary cyclone connects cyclone separating reactor, and aforementioned each connection is that pipeline communication connects.
Cyclone separating reactor is positioned at below gasifier cyclonic separator, and it is connected with the escape pipe of pyrolyzer, and is connected with charcoal collector, and the outlet pipe above it connects cooling and purifying system and induced draft fan.
Described in the utility model based on solid waste two sections of pyrolysis gasification systems of fluidized-bed and moving-bed, cyclone separating reactor can be placed in inside or the outside of pyrolyzer, is more conducive to improving thermo-efficiency when being positioned at inside.
Described in the utility model based on solid waste two sections of pyrolysis gasification systems of fluidized-bed and moving-bed, preferred scheme is: charging downtake is for having locking hopper system, such as charging downtake is two sections formula, wherein two sections are separately installed with valve, two valve alternately opening and closings, ensure the sealing of reactive system and can realize continuously feeding.
Described in the utility model based on solid waste two sections of pyrolysis gasification systems of fluidized-bed and moving-bed, preferred scheme is: the middle hypomere outside of circulating fluidized bed gasifier can be provided with vapour generator, to utilize its heat to produce water vapour, it is beneficial to cooling and the discharge of slag simultaneously.
Described in the utility model based on solid waste two sections of pyrolysis gasification systems of fluidized-bed and moving-bed, when pyrolyzer adopts microwave heating, the screw rod of pyrolyzer preferably adopts strengthening graphite, metal or ceramic material, and the housing of pyrolyzer preferably adopts pottery or silica tube material with the needs of applicable microwave-heating.
Described in the utility model based on solid waste two sections of pyrolysis gasification systems of fluidized-bed and moving-bed, inlet system bottom circulating fluidized bed gasifier leads to the synthetic gas into air and circulation, pyrolysis gas or pulverized fuel (such as charcoal or powdery biomass particle), mixed firing produces high-temperature area and makes ash content melting, and slag falls after cooling and discharges by bottom circulating fluidized bed gasifier. Having burning, partial oxidation and gasification reaction to occur inside circulating fluidized bed gasifier, burning and partial oxidation reaction produce the high-temperature gas of 1200 degrees Celsius, mainly CO2And H2O; High-temperature gas (CO2And H2O) bottom circulating fluidized bed gasifier, radial middle position enters thus heats charcoal and other material, and slag (metal lower containing heavy metal and fusing point and compound thereof) is discharged by below gasifier, the products of combustion CO of inlet system2And H2O provides pyrolysis thermal source and gasifying medium, and the gaseous product of circulating fluidized bed gasifier is containing CO and H2Synthetic gas; Loop back material pipe and extend the residence time of charcoal in gasifier, thus improve efficiency of carbon conversion. Synthetic gas is after gasifier cyclonic separator gas solid separation, hott bed material enters pyrolyzer and cyclone separating reactor respectively, synthetic gas then goes to downstream to carry out further purification, hott bed material circulates between pyrolyzer and circulating fluidized bed gasifier, and these hott bed material comprise catalyzer and microwave wave absorbing agent (if charcoal, gac, graphite, silicon carbide, Wingdale, rhombspar and some base compound are such as sodium salt sylvite etc.). Pyrolyzer adopts the structure design of moving-bed, and main body is the screw reactor of level, and screw rod has the function stirring and carrying, Gu admittedly mix, gas-solid mixing is also better. Charcoal is collected by charcoal collector, and pyrolysis gas is discharged by the escape pipe of pyrolyzer, and after cyclone separating reactor gas solid separation, pyrolysis gas goes to downstream to carry out further purification and cooling, and solid enters charcoal collector. Pyrolyzer adopts the mode of microwave heating, and the bed material containing charcoal, catalyzer and wave absorbing agent circulates between pyrolyzer and circulating fluidized bed gasifier thus greatly facilitate coke tar cracking, pollutant removing, it is to increase the degree of depth of pyrolysis and efficiency. Solid waste enters pyrolyzer by solid waste feed system, and charging downtake is deep into the inside of pyrolyzer, and solid waste and bed material inside charging downtake play the effect expecting envelope. The induced draft fan in downstream makes pyrolyzer operate under normal pressure or tiny structure.
The utility model has positive effect: (1) pyrolysis gas and synthetic gas can generate in same device two reactors simultaneously, it is to increase pyrolytic gasification efficiency, decreases tar and pollutant emission. Material be under the environment of anaerobic or oxygen deprivation by pyrolysis and gasification, the objectionable impuritiess such as two English can not be produced as burning when stable operation, and secondary pollution can not be caused; The synergy of thermophore/catalyzer/microwave wave absorbing agent and charcoal etc. can farthest reduce tar and pollutant emission content and adjust pyrolysis product distribution and its composition; (2) pyrolyzer adopts the structure design of screw rod moving-bed, screw rod has the dual-use function stirring and carrying, bed porosity is more even, Gu Gu-contact, it is convenient to add bed material (such as microwave absorption and catalyzer etc.), gas-solid contact is also relatively good, and these are all conducive to the carrying out that microwave-heating reacts; Screw rod material can select strengthening graphite, pottery or metal screw; Material is more evenly attached to screw surface to enter reaction zone, makes heating material more even, microwave can not be caused cannot to penetrate material completely, cause internal batch to heat; Microwave heating has following feature: volume heating, selection heating, rapid heating and cleaning heating, homogeneous heating, thermo-efficiency height; There is non-thermal effect, it is possible to change the thermodynamical coordinate of system, make the material can in the temperature generation pyrolysis far below conventional heating mode; (3) microwave or heating power, screw speed and the gentle velocity modulation of rare gas element kind are flexibly whole, can adjust the temperature of reactor gentle solid phase residence time flexibly, are convenient to regulate distribution and the composition of pyrolysis product; (4) inlet system bottom circulating fluidized bed gasifier leads to the synthetic gas into air and circulation, pyrolysis gas or pulverized fuel (such as the charcoal that reclaims or powdered biomass) mixed firing, radial region intermediate bottom gasifier produces high temperature and makes ash content melting, slag falls after cooling and discharges by bottom gasifier, and slag eliminates the heavy metal in solid waste and slag has recycle value. Its heat produces water vapour to utilize can be provided with vapour generator outside the burning zone of gasifier, is beneficial to cooling and the discharge of slag simultaneously; (5) cyclone separating reactor is used for strengthening further the mixing of hott bed material and pyrolysis gas, reduces pyrolysis gas tar content. Pyrolyzer cyclone separating reactor can be placed in inside pyrolyzer to improve heat transfer efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to make content of the present utility model more easily be clearly understood, below according to specific embodiment and by reference to the accompanying drawings, the utility model is described in further detail, wherein
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model system. Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the utility model embodiment 2 system
Wherein
1 solid waste feed system, 11 transfer rollers, 12 charging downtakes, 13 supplement bed material and add entrance;
2 pyrolyzer, 21 horizontal screw bolt reactors, 22 microwave heaters, 23 discharging pipes, 24 escape pipes;
3 charcoal collectors;
4 circulating fluidized bed gasifiers, 41 riser tubes, 42 inlet systems, 43 sealed tubes, 44 slag exits, 45 loop back material pipe;
5 cyclone separating reactors, 6 gasifier primary cyclones, 7 gasifier secondary cyclones, 8 cooling and purifying systems, 9 induced draft fans.
Embodiment
(embodiment 1)
Seeing Fig. 1, native system comprises the solid waste feed system 1, pyrolyzer 2, charcoal collector 3, circulating fluidized bed gasifier 4, gasifier cyclonic separator and the cyclone separating reactor 5 that are connected connection successively. Wherein solid waste feed system 1 comprises transfer roller 11 and charging downtake 12, and transfer roller 11 is connected the middle top of charging downtake 12, it is possible to solid waste be delivered in charging downtake 12. Charging downtake 12 is positioned at the top of pyrolyzer 2, and its top adds entrance 13 for supplementing bed material, and charging downtake 12 stretches to pyrolyzer 2 deep inside, until above screw rod, and between screw rod, have certain intervals. The material that charging downtake is 12 li provides material envelope.
Pyrolyzer 2 comprises pyrolyzer housing, and its inside has horizontal screw bolt reactor 21, outside to have microwave heater 22, and the top of pyrolyzer 2 afterbody is provided with escape pipe 24, and lower section is provided with discharging pipe 23, and screw rod material is strengthening graphite, and pyrolyzer housing adopts ceramic material.
Charcoal collector 3 is positioned at below pyrolyzer 2 afterbody, is a container, and for collecting pyrogenous origin charcoal, discharging pipe 23 stretches in charcoal collector 3.
Circulating fluidized bed gasifier 4 comprise inlet system 42 and sealed tube 43, the bottom of riser tube 41, bottom slag exit 44, be connected riser tube 41 with sealed tube 43 loop back material pipe 45, sealed tube 43 is connected the bottom connecting charcoal collector 3; Also comprise and the water vapour adding apparatus that circulating fluidized bed gasifier 4 pipeline is connected.
Gasifier cyclonic separator comprises the gasifier primary cyclone 6 and gasifier secondary cyclone 7 that are connected, described gasifier primary cyclone 6 connects the top of riser tube 41, the feeding side of pyrolyzer 2 is connected bottom it, the bottom of gasifier secondary cyclone 7 connects cyclone separating reactor 5, and it is that pipeline connects that aforementioned each connects.
Cyclone separating reactor 5 is positioned at the outside of pyrolyzer 2 below gasifier cyclonic separator, it is connected with the escape pipe 24 of pyrolyzer 2, and be connected with charcoal collector 3, there is above it outlet pipe, outlet pipe connects cooling and purifying system 8, and cooling and purifying system is connecting induced draft fan 9 further.
(embodiment 2)
Seeing Fig. 2, the difference part of the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is: charging downtake is locking hopper system. Charging downtake 12 is two sections pipe structures, and the bottom of two sections of pipes is separately installed with a valve, and two valve alternately opening and closings, ensure the sealing of reactive system and can realize continuously feeding. The bottom of gasifier secondary cyclone 7 connects cyclone separating reactor 5 and the discharging pipe of gasifier primary cyclone 6 times ends respectively. Other systems composition is identical with embodiment 1.
(embodiment 3)
The difference part of the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is: cyclone separating reactor 5 is arranged on the inside of pyrolyzer 2; The screw rod material of pyrolyzer 2 is pottery. Other systems composition is identical with embodiment 1.
(embodiment 4)
The difference part of the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is: the outside of the middle hypomere of circulating fluidized bed gasifier 4 is provided with vapour generator, to utilize its heat to produce water vapour, is beneficial to cooling and the discharge of slag simultaneously; The screw rod of pyrolyzer 2 is bimetal screw rod. Other systems composition is identical with embodiment 1.
(embodiment 5)
The difference part of the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is: pyrolyzer 2 adopts electrically heated, and the housing of pyrolyzer 2 and screw rod are metals, and screw rod is double-screw structure. Other systems composition is identical with embodiment 1.
(embodiment 6)
The difference part of the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is: pyrolyzer 2 adopts lagging material to be incubated, and the waste of the hott bed material heating pyrolyzer 2 li that circulating fluidized bed gasifier 4 circulates realizes pyrolysis. The housing of pyrolyzer 2 and screw rod are metals, and screw rod is twin screw. Other systems composition is identical with embodiment 1.
Above-described specific embodiment; the purpose of this utility model, technical scheme and useful effect have been further described; it is it should be understood that; the foregoing is only specific embodiment of the utility model; it is not limited to the utility model; all within spirit of the present utility model and principle, any amendment of making, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection domain of the present utility model.

Claims (7)

1. one kind based on solid waste two sections of pyrolysis gasification systems of fluidized-bed and moving-bed, it is characterized in that: this system comprise be connected connection successively solid waste feed system (1), pyrolyzer (2), charcoal collector (3), circulating fluidized bed gasifier (4), gasifier cyclonic separator, cyclone separating reactor (5), system generates synthetic gas and pyrolysis gas, described circulating fluidized bed gasifier (4) adopts and loops back materials device so that part biological charcoal and bed material are circulated to again in circulating fluidized bed gasifier (4); Pyrolyzer (2) adopts the structure design of screw rod moving-bed, screw rod is horizontal screw bolt, pyrolyzer (2) is connected with gasifier cyclonic separator, its outside can be provided with microwave heating installation so that pyrolyzer (2) can adopt the pyrolysis way that circulation hott bed material heats and microwave heating combines.
2. according to claim 1 based on solid waste two sections of pyrolysis gasification systems of fluidized-bed and moving-bed, it is characterised in that:
Solid waste feed system (1) comprises transfer roller (11), charging downtake (12), solid waste is delivered in charging downtake (12) by transfer roller (11), charging downtake (12) is positioned at pyrolyzer (2) top, its top adds entrance (13) for supplementing bed material, charging downtake (12) pipe shaft stretches to pyrolyzer (2) deep inside, above screw rod;
Pyrolyzer (2) comprises inner horizontal screw bolt reactor (21), outside microwave heater (22), the top of pyrolyzer (2) afterbody is provided with escape pipe (24), and lower section is provided with discharging pipe (23);
Charcoal collector (3) is positioned at below pyrolyzer (2) afterbody, and discharging pipe (23) stretches in charcoal collector (3);
Circulating fluidized bed gasifier (4) comprise the slag exit (44) of inlet system (42) and sealed tube (43), the bottom of riser tube (41), bottom, be connected riser tube (41) and sealed tube (43) loop back material pipe (45), described sealed tube (43) is connected the bottom connecting charcoal collector (3);
Gasifier cyclonic separator comprises the gasifier primary cyclone (6) and gasifier secondary cyclone (7) that are connected, described gasifier primary cyclone (6) connects the top of riser tube (41), connecting the feeding side of pyrolyzer (2) bottom it, the bottom of gasifier secondary cyclone (7) connects cyclone separating reactor (5);
Cyclone separating reactor (5) is positioned at below gasifier cyclonic separator, it is connected with the escape pipe (24) of pyrolyzer (2), and be connected with charcoal collector (3), the outlet pipe above it connects cooling and purifying system (8) and induced draft fan (9).
3. according to claim 2 based on solid waste two sections of pyrolysis gasification systems of fluidized-bed and moving-bed, it is characterised in that: cyclone separating reactor (5) can be placed in inside or the outside of pyrolyzer (2).
4. according to Claims 2 or 3 based on solid waste two sections of pyrolysis gasification systems of fluidized-bed and moving-bed, it is characterized in that: charging downtake (12) is dipleg, also can be locking hopper system, ensure the sealing of reactive system and continuously feeding can be realized.
5. according to Claims 2 or 3 based on solid waste two sections of pyrolysis gasification systems of fluidized-bed and moving-bed, it is characterized in that: in circulating fluidized bed gasifier (4), hypomere outside can be provided with vapour generator, to utilize its heat to produce water vapour, it is beneficial to cooling and the discharge of slag simultaneously.
6. according to claim 1 based on solid waste two sections of pyrolysis gasification systems of fluidized-bed and moving-bed, it is characterized in that: during pyrolyzer (2) employing microwave heating, its screw rod adopts strengthening graphite, metal or ceramic material, and the body shell of pyrolyzer (2) adopts pottery or silica tube material.
7. according to claim 1 based on solid waste two sections of pyrolysis gasification systems of fluidized-bed and moving-bed, it is characterised in that: pyrolyzer (2) can adopt the heating of circulation hott bed material and electrically heated to combine or circulate the pattern that hott bed material heats separately.
CN201521070282.9U 2015-12-21 2015-12-21 Two sections pyrolysis gasification system of solid waste based on fluidized bed and removal bed Expired - Fee Related CN205295250U (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109181781A (en) * 2018-11-01 2019-01-11 大连海洋大学 The method and its used equipment of synthesis gas are prepared using the biomass comprising seaweed
CN109852431A (en) * 2019-03-06 2019-06-07 中聚信海洋工程装备有限公司 A kind of ciculation fluidized double bed heating gas station and its gas-made technology
CN111378509A (en) * 2018-12-28 2020-07-07 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Biomass microwave pyrolysis gasification method and system

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109181781A (en) * 2018-11-01 2019-01-11 大连海洋大学 The method and its used equipment of synthesis gas are prepared using the biomass comprising seaweed
CN109181781B (en) * 2018-11-01 2020-08-18 大连海洋大学 Method for preparing synthesis gas by utilizing biomass containing seaweed and equipment adopted by method
CN111378509A (en) * 2018-12-28 2020-07-07 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Biomass microwave pyrolysis gasification method and system
CN111378509B (en) * 2018-12-28 2021-05-04 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Biomass microwave pyrolysis gasification method and system
CN109852431A (en) * 2019-03-06 2019-06-07 中聚信海洋工程装备有限公司 A kind of ciculation fluidized double bed heating gas station and its gas-made technology
CN109852431B (en) * 2019-03-06 2020-11-06 中聚信海洋工程装备有限公司 Circulating fluidized double-bed hot gas station and gas making process thereof

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